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CN102672625B - Shot peening nozzle and possess the blasting apparatus of this nozzle - Google Patents

Shot peening nozzle and possess the blasting apparatus of this nozzle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102672625B
CN102672625B CN201210067231.5A CN201210067231A CN102672625B CN 102672625 B CN102672625 B CN 102672625B CN 201210067231 A CN201210067231 A CN 201210067231A CN 102672625 B CN102672625 B CN 102672625B
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China
Prior art keywords
nozzle
gases
high pressure
gas
gas nozzle
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Application number
CN201210067231.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN102672625A (en
Inventor
铃木幸德
日比野路
日比野一路
涩谷纪仁
薄木英二
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Sintokogio Ltd
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Sintokogio Ltd
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/02—Blast guns, e.g. for generating high velocity abrasive fluid jets for cutting materials
    • B24C5/04—Nozzles therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/10—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C7/00—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
    • B24C7/0007—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a liquid carrier
    • B24C7/003—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a liquid carrier with means for preventing clogging of the equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C7/00—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
    • B24C7/0007—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a liquid carrier
    • B24C7/0038—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a liquid carrier the blasting medium being a gaseous stream
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C9/00—Appurtenances of abrasive blasting machines or devices, e.g. working chambers, arrangements for handling used abrasive material
    • B24C9/006—Treatment of used abrasive material

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of nozzle and blasting apparatus, when the blasting media comprising abrasive particle is carried out shot peening to machined object injection together with gases at high pressure, even if increase abrasive particle, the concentration of increase slurry when being formed as the slurry that abrasive particle is scattered in liquid, it is also possible to stably carry out spraying without making abrasive particle be piled up in nozzle interior.Nozzle possesses nozzle holder, gas nozzle and injection nozzle.Described gas nozzle is the hollow shape of the stream having gases at high pressure from gases at high pressure introduction part to spraying high-pressure gas interruption-forming, possesses towards described spraying high-pressure gas mouth: columnar vertical tube part；Gas nozzle compression unit towards undergauge end undergauge continuously；And from the most expanding gas nozzle acceleration portion of described undergauge end.It addition, described gas nozzle can insert described nozzle holder movably.

Description

Shot peening nozzle and possess the blasting apparatus of this nozzle
Technical field
The present invention relates to for nozzle and the tool by blasting media to be carried out shot peening to machined object injection The blasting apparatus of this nozzle standby.
Background technology
In the past, shot peening was used in deflashing, rust cleaning, the adjustment of surface roughness, thin layer removing and etching Etc. in microfabrication etc..Shot peening is substantially divided into: the shot peening of dry type, and the shot peening of this dry type utilizes compression sky Gas, the centrifugal force of rotating vane and to machined object injection (projection) firmly ball, solids, steel wire cut pill and ceramic-like particle, plant The various particles such as species particle and resinae particle (following, to be denoted as " abrasive particle ") are as blasting media；And the shot-peening of wet type Processing, it is empty with compression as blasting media that abrasive particle is scattered in the slurry (slurry) of the liquid such as water by the shot peening of this wet type Gas sprays to machined object together.In this manual, institute in the shot peening of dry type is meaned when being referred to as " abrasive particle " The hard ball, solids, steel wire cut pill and the ceramic-like particle that use, plant particle, the various particles such as resinae particle and In slurry, the hard ball of liquid, solids, steel wire cut pill and ceramic-like grain it is scattered in used in the shot peening of wet type Various both particles such as son, plant particle, resinae particle, only refer to abrasive particle used in the shot peening of dry type Situation is referred to as " blasting materials ".It addition, be included in " the injection material used in the shot peening of dry type when being referred to as " blasting media " Material " and " slurry " used in the shot peening of wet type both.The shot peening of dry type is compared with the shot peening of wet type Though there is bigger working ability, but the surface of machined object after processing being firmly attached abrasive particle, produced by shot peening Raw cutting powder, it is therefore desirable to such as use the washing of ultrasound wave.On the other hand, the shot peening of wet type adds with the shot-peening of dry type Although it is low that work compares working ability, but the abrasive particle owing to colliding with machined object flows because of slurry, therefore attached at machined object The abrasive particle is less or adhesive force is more weak and easily cleans.
As the nozzle of the shot peening for carrying out wet type, such as open at Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 06-126628 publication There is the structure of this nozzle.In this publication, nozzle possesses slurry and stockpiles the body that room and voltage supply stream of compressed air are dynamic, and this slurry stockpiles The body that room is moved with voltage supply stream of compressed air is connected by aperture.By pump, force feed to described slurry stockpiles room to slurry.On the other hand, When flowing into compressed air at described body, stockpile generation negative pressure near the described aperture of side, room at described slurry, thus produce The room air-flow to described body is stockpiled from described slurry.Thus, the slurry of the inside force feed of room is stockpiled to described slurry, to described Flow in body and mix with compressed air, spraying to nozzle exterior together with compressed air afterwards.Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2001- No. 300363 publications the most in the same manner, utilize the negative pressure produced near the aperture being arranged near mixing chamber to come slurry and compression Air mixes.
Determine the concentration that factor is the emitted dose of slurry, jet velocity, slurry of the efficiency of shot peening, the particle of abrasive particle Footpath etc..In order to improve the efficiency of shot peening, reduce the flow resistance of slurry and increase the input amount of slurry, i.e. emitted dose, or Use the abrasive particle in big footpath, it is therefore desirable to increase described aperture.But, when increasing the diameter of described aperture, for slurry is inhaled Guide to the negative pressure in compressed-air actuated flowing will not produce fully.And then when exceedingly increasing diameter, compressed air is from institute State aperture and stockpile room side inflow to slurry.It addition, in the case of the concentration increasing slurry, worry that described aperture is closed by slurry Only.It addition, need to increase compressed-air actuated pressure to improve jet velocity, owing to needing the compressed air supply of more strength Source, therefore involves the increase of the operating power of the increase of cost of equipment, compressed air supply source.
The processing knowing dry type since ancient times has: abrasive particle, hard ball are carried out together with gases at high pressure as blasting materials The shot peening of injection and shot peening strengthening processing, using metal dust or metal compound powders as blasting materials and high pressure gas Body carries out together spraying and forms the epithelium formation processing of epithelium based on this powder on the surface of machined object.For carry out this The nozzle of class processing is known to: utilize gases at high pressure etc. that the pressure vessel being filled with blasting materials is pressurizeed and by this injection Material send the adding pressure type carrying out spraying together as solid and gas two-phase flow with these gases at high pressure in high pressure draught (for example, referring to day The accompanying drawing of this Unexamined Patent 02-160514 publication)；And utilize the captivation pair produced by the high pressure draught importing to nozzle Blasting materials carries out attracting and the aspiration-type that carries out spraying together as solid and gas two-phase flow with these gases at high pressure is (for example, referring to day Fig. 7 of this Unexamined Patent 08-267360 publication).
The nozzle of adding pressure type due to can be at a high speed blasting materials be sprayed, therefore working ability in shot peening By force, it is possible to by compressive residual stress applying to deeper position in shot peening strengthening, and can be formed in epithelium is formed tightly Patch intensity and the high epithelium of hardness.But, due to emitted dose and the volume limit of the pressurized groove of injecting time of blasting materials System, therefore can not spray continuously.The nozzle of aspiration-type is owing to attracting the blasting materials being under air, therefore The container stockpiling blasting materials need not seal.Thereby, it is possible to blasting materials is sprayed continuously.But, by In producing the pressure loss when blasting materials is attracted because of the air around attracting, therefore injection material compared with adding pressure type The jet velocity of material is slow.Though in view of increasing compressed-air actuated pressure to improve jet velocity, making up gases at high pressure The amount of the described pressure loss, to accelerate the jet velocity of blasting materials, but owing to needing the compressed air supply source of more strength, because of This involves the increase of operating power of the increase of cost of equipment, compressed air supply source.
It addition, increase the emitted dose of blasting materials for the efficiency of the processing that improves aforementioned manner, increase blasting materials Diameter, then need strengthen blasting materials attraction path.But, when expanding this path, the captivation that nozzle interior produces Die down and blasting materials can not be attracted.
In recent years, it is desirable to the shot-peening of the advantage that is high working ability and wet type that simultaneously meet the shot peening of dry type adds The advantage of work that is the shot peening of both cleanings of machined object.Such as, at Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2006-035394 publication In, disclose and in the shot peening of wet type, carry out the shot-peening of polish after having carried out roughing in the shot-peening of dry type add Work method.Although the processing unit (plant) used in processing method in this publication is not specified especially, but exist dry type with And the enlightenment that the shot peening of wet type is carried out by respective processing unit (plant) respectively.It addition, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2010-280036 Have disclosed in publication and a nozzle can be utilized to fill to the shot peening of the shot peening of the shot peening Yu wet type that carry out dry type Put.Blasting apparatus described in this publication is so-called direct press type.This blasting apparatus is configured to, by having stockpiled The pressurized tank of abrasive particle carries out the compressed-air actuated flowing pressurizeing and being transported to flow out from compressed air supply source, thus makees from nozzle Spray for solid and gas two-phase flow.Owing to can carry out to liaison the capacity limit of the time pressurized groove of shot peening, because of This can not carry out shot peening continuously.It addition, the blasting apparatus of described publication is owing to being configured to make water and this solid and gas The interflow, path of two-phase flow, therefore compared with the shot peening of injection slurry, the cleaning performance of machined surface is poor.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, it is an object of the invention to provide that can carry out shot peening efficiently or can not increase Blasting materials just can be sprayed at a high speed that the surface to machined object processes or can by the flow of gas of adding high pressure Carry out the shot peening of dry type and the nozzle of both shot peening of wet type and possess the blasting apparatus of this nozzle.
First invention is to carry out the nozzle of shot peening for carrying out blasting media together with gases at high pressure spraying, institute Stating nozzle to possess: nozzle holder, this nozzle holder possesses blasting media introduction part；The gas nozzle of hollow shape, this gas Nozzle is that the gases at high pressure introduction part of opening is to the spraying high-pressure gas being opening from the one end at this gas nozzle at the other end Mouth forms high pressure gas flow path；And injection nozzle, this injection nozzle is from the link that the one end at this injection nozzle is opening Portion is formed with the stream of the gases at high pressure comprising blasting media to being the jet of opening at the other end, described gases at high pressure Stream possesses: gas nozzle compression unit, and this gas nozzle compression unit is for the high pressure imported from described gases at high pressure introduction part Gas is compressed；And gas nozzle acceleration portion, this gas nozzle acceleration portion is for having passed through the compression of described gas nozzle The gases at high pressure in portion are accelerated, and described nozzle is characterised by, flow through the gases at high pressure of described gas nozzle from described shot-peening Described blasting media is attracted and mixes with these gases at high pressure by medium introduction part, and as comprising the high pressure of blasting media Gas is sprayed from described injection nozzle.The gases at high pressure imported from gases at high pressure introduction part are pressed by gas nozzle compression unit Contract and be accelerated, be further accelerated by gas nozzle acceleration portion afterwards.Accordingly, because the injection of self-injection nozzle can be accelerated Comprise the jet velocity of the gases at high pressure of blasting media, therefore, it is possible to carry out shot peening efficiently.
Second invention is on the basis of the nozzle described in the first invention, it is characterised in that described nozzle is also equipped with gas Nozzle rectification part, this gas nozzle rectification part is for carrying out the flowing of the gases at high pressure having passed through described gas nozzle compression unit Rectification.The gases at high pressure having passed through gas nozzle compression unit are carried out rectification, it is possible to prevent being flowed into gas nozzle and accelerate The movement disorder of the gases at high pressure in portion.
3rd invention is on the basis of the nozzle described in the first or second invention, it is characterised in that described gas nozzle Compression unit is towards undergauge end undergauge continuously, and described gas nozzle acceleration portion is the most expanding towards expanding end.By making gases at high pressure Stream narrow continuously, thus the speed of gases at high pressure accelerates.By so that the gases at high pressure having passed through undergauge end will not be anxious The mode expanded widens the stream of gases at high pressure acutely, and thus gases at high pressure are accelerated.
4th invention is on the basis of the nozzle described in the 3rd invention, it is characterised in that described gas nozzle rectification part Have continuously with described undergauge end and described gas nozzle acceleration portion with described undergauge end opposite side expanding another The section of end same shape.By gas nozzle rectification part is formed as this type of shape, it is possible to increase the flowing of gases at high pressure Advance.
On the basis of the 5th invention nozzle that any one is described in first to fourth invention, it is characterised in that described Gas nozzle compression unit is mild curve shape with the border in described gas nozzle acceleration portion.By by described gas nozzle pressure Contracting portion, the respective border of described gas nozzle rectification part and described gas nozzle acceleration portion are formed as mild curve shape, Thus the flowing of gases at high pressure can the most disorderly and smooth and easy circulation when by this border.
6th invention is in the first to the 5th invention on the basis of any one described nozzle, it is characterised in that described Nozzle be internally formed attract blasting media mixing chamber, described gas nozzle can movably chimeric with described nozzle holder with Distance between this gas nozzle and described injection nozzle is adjusted.When gases at high pressure are from gas nozzle jet high velocity spray When penetrating, what the gabarit of injection stream produced the air that is intended to obtain around cuts off stream.By making described gas nozzle and described injection Distance between nozzle narrows, and it is possible to increase the captivation (negative pressure) produced at mixing chamber, but described gas nozzle and institute State the distance between injection nozzle the narrowest time, to blasting media by between described gas nozzle and described injection nozzle Counteract during gap.In accordance with the invention it is possible to the distance between described gas nozzle and described injection nozzle is adjusted, Enable to attract fully blasting media, and make blasting media pass through.
On the basis of 7th invention any one described nozzle in the invention of first to the 6th, it is characterised in that Described injection nozzle be from the one end at this injection nozzle be the linking part of opening to the jet at the other end being opening shape Become to have the hollow shape of the stream of the gases at high pressure comprising blasting media, comprise the stream tool of the gases at high pressure of described blasting media Standby: injection nozzle compression unit, this injection nozzle compression unit is for being compressed the gases at high pressure comprising this blasting media；And Injection nozzle rectification part, this injection nozzle rectification part is for comprising blasting media to having passed through described injection nozzle compression unit Gases at high pressure carry out rectification.Comprise the blasting media that is made up of injection stream and the blasting media that collaborates with it of gases at high pressure Gases at high pressure, after being accelerated by injection nozzle compression unit, and by injection nozzle rectification part rectification.In accordance with the invention it is possible to it is high Speed and stably the gases at high pressure comprising blasting media are sprayed.
8th invention is on the basis of the nozzle described in the 7th invention, it is characterised in that described injection nozzle compression unit Towards undergauge end undergauge continuously, described injection nozzle rectification part links with described undergauge end, and has continuously and this undergauge end The section of same shape.By making the stream of the gases at high pressure comprising blasting media narrow continuously, thus comprise blasting media The speed of gases at high pressure accelerate.But, abrasive particle that the gases at high pressure comprising blasting media are comprised or liquid, compared with gas Time needed for fully accelerating is long.By injection nozzle rectification part is formed as shape as the present invention, add the most fully Speed abrasive particle etc., and improve the advance of the gases at high pressure comprising blasting media, therefore, it is possible at a high speed and stably to comprising spray The gases at high pressure of ball medium spray.
9th invention is on the basis of the nozzle described in the 7th or the 8th invention, it is characterised in that by described injection spray The space of the inside of mouth compression unit and described nozzle holder forms the mixing chamber attracting blasting media.The maintenance of mixing chamber can Easily carry out by unloading injection nozzle.It addition, it is easily fabricated compared with the situation that mixing chamber is only formed by nozzle holder.
On the basis of tenth invention any one described nozzle in the 6th to the 9th invention, it is characterised in that institute State distance L between gas nozzle and described injection nozzle and the diameter D of described spraying high-pressure gas mouthgRatio (L/Dg) it is 0.2～5.0.When described distance L is long, the captivation of blasting media dies down and can not import the foot that carries out needed for shot peening The blasting media of enough amounts.When described distance L is too short, the flow resistance of blasting media becomes greatly or blasting media is piled up in institute Stating the space between gas nozzle and described injection nozzle, blasting media attracted to the path of high-pressure gas flow by apolipsis.Institute State distance L by the diameter D with spraying high-pressure gas mouthgBetween relation determine, by by described distance L and described gases at high pressure The diameter D of jetgRatio (L/Dg) be formed in described scope, it is possible to carry out aptly shot peening.
11st invention is on the basis of the nozzle described in the first to the 5th invention, it is characterised in that described shot-peening is situated between Matter introduction part connects with described gas nozzle acceleration portion, utilizes the gases at high pressure imported by described gases at high pressure introduction part in institute State produced captivation when gas nozzle acceleration portion is accelerated, blasting media is attracted to gases at high pressure.Work as gases at high pressure During flowing, if at body configuration blasting media lead-in path that is aperture, then near described path, produce captivation.Institute State in gas nozzle acceleration portion, owing to the flowing of gases at high pressure is high speed, therefore, it is possible to produce the captivation of more strength.Separately Outward, even if increasing aperture and also being able to obtain enough captivations.Accordingly, because the emitted dose of abrasive particle can be increased or increases mill The particle footpath of grain, therefore, it is possible to improve the efficiency of shot peening.
12nd invention is on the basis of the nozzle described in the 11st invention, it is characterised in that described injection nozzle is From the one end at this injection nozzle be opening linking part to be the jet of opening at the other end and be formed comprise shot-peening be situated between The hollow shape in the path of the gases at high pressure of matter, described linking part links with described gas nozzle jet.Owing to being situated between at shot-peening After matter attracted to the inside of gas nozzle and mixes with gases at high pressure, sprayed by jet by injection nozzle, therefore Injection stream will not expand sharp and can at a high speed and stably spray after spraying.
13rd invention is on the basis of the nozzle described in the 12nd invention, it is characterised in that described injection nozzle has Standby injection nozzle rectification part, this injection nozzle rectification part has and the section of jet same shape continuously.Comprise shot-peening to be situated between Abrasive particle contained by the gases at high pressure of matter or liquid, the time required for abundant acceleration is long compared with gas.By injection is sprayed Mouth rectification part is formed as shape as the present invention, and thus abrasive particle or liquid are accelerated fully, and comprise blasting media The advance of the flowing of gases at high pressure improves, therefore, it is possible at a high speed and stably spray the gases at high pressure comprising blasting media Penetrate.
On the basis of the 14th invention nozzle that any one is described in the invention of fourth, fifth, 11, its feature exists In, in described gas nozzle, the area S of described undergauge endgmWith described gas nozzle compression unit with described undergauge end opposition side The area S of the undergauge other endgiRatio (Sgm/Sgi) it is 0.1～0.3, and the area S of described expanding endgoWith described expanding separately The area S of one endgmRatio (Sgo/Sgm) it is 1.5～5.0.For utilizing described gas nozzle compression unit that gases at high pressure are added Speed, utilize described gas nozzle acceleration portion for gases at high pressure further speed up, the cross section of the undergauge end of gas nozzle Long-pending Sgm, and the sectional area S of the undergauge other endgi, and the sectional area S of expanding endgoBetween relation particularly important, by by it Ratio select according to described scope, it is possible to accelerate fully gases at high pressure.
15th invention is on the basis of the nozzle described in the 14th invention, it is characterised in that described gas nozzle adds The angle of inclination of the wall in speed portion is 1.2～5.0 °.Owing to being prevented from the gases at high pressure by gas nozzle acceleration portion by wall Face is peeled off, is expanded sharp after just being sprayed by spraying high-pressure gas mouth, therefore, it is possible at a high speed to comprising blasting media The flowing of gases at high pressure is sprayed.
Nozzle described in the invention of the 16th or 17 on the basis of the 8th or the 13rd nozzle described in invention, It is characterized in that, length Y of described injection nozzle rectification part and the sectional area S of this injection nozzle rectification partsRatio (Y/Ss) it is 0.2～2.0mm-1.For utilizing injection nozzle rectification part to accelerate blasting media fully, and raising comprises blasting media Gases at high pressure advance for, length Y of injection nozzle rectification part and its sectional area SsBetween relation particularly important, excellent In the scope that to select this more described than being formed at.
18th invention is in the first to the 17th invention on the basis of any one described nozzle, it is characterised in that Described blasting media is the slurry that abrasive particle is scattered in liquid.Even if in the situation that the slurry being dispersed with abrasive particle is sprayed Under, it is also possible to obtain the effect of so far described invention.
On the basis of 19th invention any one described nozzle in the first to the 17th invention, its feature exists In, described blasting media is the blasting materials that dry type shot peening is used.Even if in the situation that blasting materials is sprayed Under, it is also possible to obtain the effect of so far described invention.
On the basis of 20th invention any one described nozzle in the first to the 17th invention, its feature exists In, described blasting media is the slurry that abrasive particle is scattered in liquid and the blasting materials two used in dry type shot peening Person.Situation about either spraying the slurry being dispersed with abrasive particle, or the situation spraying blasting materials, can Obtaining the effect of so far described invention, nozzle can be efficiently used for both abrasive particles.
21st invention is the wet type shot peening dress possessing any one nozzle described in the first to the 17th invention Put, it is characterised in that described wet type blasting apparatus possesses: plural described nozzle；Slurry supply source, this slurry supplies To the supply of described nozzle, abrasive particle is scattered in the slurry of liquid to source；And slurry branch units, this slurry branch units configures Between each of described slurry supply source and described nozzle.By plural described in the configuration of described blasting apparatus Nozzle, it is possible to shorten the process time of machined object.By using slurry branch units, it is possible to each nozzle equal Etc. ground put into slurry.
22nd invention is the dry type shot peening dress possessing any one nozzle described in the first to the 17th invention Put, it is characterised in that described dry type blasting apparatus possesses: described nozzle；Stockpiling groove, this stockpiles groove and stockpiles to described nozzle The blasting materials of supply；Stage unit, this stage unit blasting materials to spraying from described nozzle carries out classification；And attract Unit, the blasting materials being unsuitable for shot peening is reclaimed by this attraction unit from described stage unit.By in described spray Ball processing unit (plant) configures described nozzle, and blasting materials just can be sprayed by flow at high speed that it is possible to not increase gases at high pressure Penetrate and the surface of machined object is processed.
23rd invention is in the wet type of any one nozzle possessed described in the first to the 17th invention and dry type The blasting apparatus used in both, it is characterised in that described blasting apparatus possesses: described nozzle；Slurry supply source, Abrasive particle is scattered in the slurry of liquid by this slurry supply source to the supply of described nozzle；Stockpiling groove, this stockpiles groove and stockpiles to described spray The blasting materials of mouth supply；Stage unit, this stage unit blasting materials to spraying from described nozzle carries out classification；Attract single Unit, the blasting materials being unsuitable for shot peening is reclaimed by this attraction unit from described stage unit；And switching valve, this is cut Change valve be selectively connected to described nozzle and described slurry supply source or described in stockpile groove.By at described blasting apparatus Configure described nozzle, it is possible to carry out the shot peening of dry type and both shot peening of wet type.
24th invention is on the basis of the blasting apparatus described in the 21st invention, it is characterised in that institute Stating slurry branch units to possess: the framework of drum, this framework is formed with base plate apolipsis two ends by top board；The silt of hollow shape Slurry puts into parts, and this slurry puts into one end of parts and links with top board；And the slurry supply part of hollow shape, this slurry supplies Link to one end of parts and base plate, and the other end and described nozzle.The silt in framework is put into owing to putting into parts from slurry Starching the near-bottom in framework and apply load equably, therefore each slurry supply part from the bottom being configured at framework is discharged The slurry of identical amount.Thereby, it is possible to supply slurry with very simple structure equably to each nozzle.
25th invention is a kind of nozzle, and this nozzle for importing to inside the mixed high-voltage of nozzle by blasting media Gas and described blasting media, and spray to machined object as the gases at high pressure comprising blasting media, thus carry out being added The shot peening of work thing, it is characterised in that described nozzle possesses: nozzle holder；Gas nozzle, this gas nozzle is for nozzle Inside import gases at high pressure；And injection nozzle, this injection nozzle is for by mixed described gases at high pressure and described spray Ball medium sprays to the outside of nozzle, and described gas nozzle is that opening has gases at high pressure introducing port and high pressure respectively at two ends The tubular of gas ejection ports, and formed from described gases at high pressure introducing port to the described gases at high pressure of described spraying high-pressure gas mouth Stream, the stream of described gases at high pressure is configured with the most successively in same axis: the vertical tube part of drum, and this vertical tube part is one End face configuration gases at high pressure introducing port；Gas nozzle compression unit, this gas nozzle compression unit is from the other end of described vertical tube part Towards undergauge end undergauge continuously；And gas nozzle acceleration portion, this gas nozzle acceleration portion is from described undergauge end towards expanding end even Continuously expanding.
It addition, the 26th invention is a kind of nozzle, this nozzle is used for the inside by blasting media imports nozzle, and And gases at high pressure are mixed with described blasting media, and spray to machined object as the gases at high pressure comprising blasting media Penetrate, thus carry out the shot peening of machined object, it is characterised in that described nozzle possesses: nozzle holder；Gas nozzle, this gas Body nozzle for importing gases at high pressure to the inside of nozzle；And injection nozzle, this injection nozzle is by mixed described high pressure Gas sprays to the outside of nozzle with described blasting media, and described gas nozzle is that opening has gases at high pressure respectively at two ends Introducing port and the tubular of spraying high-pressure gas mouth, and formed from described gases at high pressure introducing port to described spraying high-pressure gas mouth The stream of described gases at high pressure, the stream of described gases at high pressure is configured with the most successively in same axis: the vertical tube part of drum, This vertical tube part at one end face configuration gases at high pressure introducing port；Gas nozzle compression unit, this gas nozzle compression unit is from described straight tube The other end in portion is to undergauge end undergauge continuously；Gas nozzle rectification part, this gas nozzle rectification part is with described undergauge end even Knot, and there is the diameter identical with this undergauge end；And gas nozzle acceleration portion, this gas nozzle acceleration portion sprays with described gas The other end of mouth rectification part links, and the most expanding towards expanding end.By be formed as the 25th or the 26th send out Bright described structure, it is possible to solve above-mentioned problem.
27th invention is on the basis of the nozzle described in the 25th or 26 inventions, it is characterised in that institute Stating blasting media is the slurry that abrasive particle is scattered in liquid.Even if blasting media is slurry, it is also possible to described in obtaining so far The effect of invention.
In accordance with the invention it is possible to provide either wet type or dry type can carry out the nozzle of shot peening efficiently, And possess the blasting apparatus of this nozzle.
" to undergauge end undergauge continuously " in the present invention refers to that diameter does not increases and the diameter of undergauge end is minimum, it is also possible to It is that to be formed with a diameter of constant region, ladder poor.It addition, in the same manner, " the most expanding to expanding end " refers to that diameter does not subtracts Less and the diameter of expanding end is maximum, it is also possible to be that to be formed with a diameter of constant region, ladder poor.
The abrasive particle that the shot peening of wet type and dry type is used in the present invention and dry type and the shot peening of wet type Unrelated, as long as the abrasive particle generally used, material, shape and size do not limit especially.For instance, it is possible to it is suitable Preferably use ferrum and non-hard ball made of iron, solids, steel wire cut pill, ceramic-like particle, plant particle, resinae particle etc. each Plant particle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the sectional view for illustrating an example of the nozzle of the first embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view for illustrating the injection nozzle of the nozzle of the first embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view for illustrating the gas nozzle of the nozzle of the first embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view for illustrating the alternate manner of the gas nozzle of the nozzle of the first embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the explanation for illustrating the gas nozzle of the first embodiment and the position relationship of injection nozzle Figure.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram for illustrating the wet type blasting apparatus of the nozzle of one present invention of configuration.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram for illustrating the wet type blasting apparatus of the nozzle configuring multiple present invention.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram for illustrating the slurry branch units of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram for illustrating the dry type blasting apparatus of the nozzle of one present invention of configuration.
Figure 10 is for carrying out the blasting apparatus that the wet type of the nozzle of one present invention of configuration and dry type are dual-purpose The schematic diagram illustrated.
Figure 11 is for carrying out the blasting apparatus that the wet type of the nozzle of the multiple present invention of configuration and dry type are dual-purpose The schematic diagram illustrated.
Figure 12 is the figure of the result illustrating embodiment 3.
Figure 13 is the sectional view illustrating existing aspiration-type nozzle.
Figure 14 is the figure of the result illustrating embodiment 4.
Figure 15 is the sectional view for illustrating an example of the nozzle of the second embodiment.
Figure 16 is the sectional view for illustrating the injection nozzle of the nozzle of the second embodiment.
Figure 17 is the sectional view for illustrating the gas nozzle of the nozzle of the second embodiment.
Figure 18 is the figure of the result illustrating embodiment 6.
Figure 19 is the figure of the result illustrating embodiment 7.
Figure 20 is the explanatory diagram for illustrating the alternate manner of the nozzle of the present invention.
The explanation of reference:
10: nozzle；11: nozzle holder；11a: blasting media introduction part；11b: blasting media introduction part；12: gas sprays Mouth；12a: gas nozzle vertical tube part；12b: gas nozzle compression unit；12c: gas nozzle acceleration portion；12d: gas nozzle rectification Portion；12e: gas nozzle the second rectification part；12f: gases at high pressure introduction part；12g: the gas nozzle undergauge other end；12h: gas Nozzle undergauge end；The expanding other end of 12i: gas nozzle；The expanding end of 12j: gas nozzle；12k: spraying high-pressure gas mouth；13: spray Penetrate nozzle；13a: injection nozzle compression unit；13b: injection nozzle vertical tube part (injection nozzle rectification part)；13c: injection nozzle is expanding Portion；13d: linking part (the injection nozzle undergauge other end)；13e: injection nozzle undergauge end；13f: jet；20: shot peening fills Put；21: shot peening room；22: slurry tank；23: slurry branch units；23a: slurry puts into parts；23b: branch units main body； 23c: slurry supply part；23d: adjust parts；23e: slurry guide member；23t: slurry once stockpiles room；24: compressed air Feed unit；25: stage unit；26: taxon；27: liquid-accumulating trough；28: sludge groove；29: stockpile groove；110: nozzle；111: Nozzle holder；111a: blasting media introduction part；111b: blasting media introduction part；112: gas nozzle；112a: gas nozzle Vertical tube part；112b: gas nozzle compression unit；112c: gas nozzle acceleration portion；112d: gas nozzle rectification part；112f: high pressure Gas introduction part；112g: the gas nozzle undergauge other end；112h: gas nozzle undergauge end；112i: gas nozzle expanding another End；The expanding end of 112j: gas nozzle；112k: spraying high-pressure gas mouth；112m: blasting media lead-in path；113: injection spray Mouth；113b: injection nozzle vertical tube part (injection nozzle rectification part)；113c: injection nozzle wide diameter portion；113d: linking part；113f: Jet；DC: attract unit (dust collect plant)；M: mixing chamber；P: pump；T: mounting unit；W: machined object.
Detailed description of the invention
One example of the nozzle in the present invention and blasting apparatus is said as the first embodiment based on accompanying drawing Bright.Additionally, the left and right above-below direction in Shuo Ming is as long as no particularly illustrating, then it represents that the direction in figure.It addition, the present invention is also It is not limited to the shape described in embodiment, it is possible to the most suitably change.
Fig. 1 represents the skeleton diagram of the nozzle 10 in present embodiment.First, say as wet type shot peening nozzle Bright.Nozzle 10 possesses: the nozzle holder 11 of the quadrangular prism shape of hollow, and the two ends of this nozzle holder are toroidal by opening；Circle The gas nozzle 12 of barrel shape, the two ends of this gas nozzle 12 are toroidal by opening；And the injection nozzle 13 of drum, The two ends of this injection nozzle 13 are toroidal by opening.Possess above nozzle holder 11 can supplied gas nozzle 12 chimeric The peristome of size, possesses the peristome of the size can being fitted together to, and upper and lower peristome warp for injection nozzle 13 in lower section Connected by the columnar inner space of nozzle holder 11.It addition, the end face of the blasting media introduction part 11a of hollow shape Link with the one side of this nozzle holder 11, blasting media introduction part 11b of other end and the sky of the inside of nozzle holder 11 Between connect.
Referring concurrently to Fig. 2.Injection nozzle 13 is chimeric with the lower section of nozzle holder, and utilizes screw (not shown) to prop up with nozzle Frame 11 engages.The peristome (linking part 13d) of the upper end of injection nozzle and the inner space of nozzle holder 11 are identical diameter, Possesses the injection nozzle compression unit 13a towards the injection nozzle undergauge end 13e undergauge being positioned at lower section.By the space of this inside with should Injection nozzle compression unit 13a forms mixing chamber M.As shown in Fig. 2 (A), it is linked with at injection nozzle undergauge end 13e and has continuously The injection nozzle vertical tube part 13b (injection nozzle rectification part) of the shape of the circular section identical with this injection nozzle undergauge end 13e. The stream of solid and gas liquid three-phase fluid is formed by described injection nozzle compression unit 13a and described injection nozzle vertical tube part 13b.
Utilize injection nozzle compression unit to make the stream of solid and gas liquid three-phase fluid become narrow gradually, thus enable that solid and gas liquid three-phase Stream is accelerated and wall at mixing chamber M does not reflects.
Advance is improved, therefore owing to described injection nozzle vertical tube part 13b can carry out rectification to solid and gas liquid three-phase fluid It is prevented from expanding sharp after solid and gas liquid three-phase fluid is just sprayed by jet 13f and being decelerated.Further, since abrasive particle, The true specific gravity of liquid is different from gas, it is therefore desirable to (distance) more more than gas the acceleration time, therefore by configuring described injection Nozzle vertical tube part 13b, thus makes abrasive particle and liquid accelerate.But, when length Y (with reference to Fig. 5) of injection nozzle vertical tube part 13b Time long, tube wall becomes resistance and slows down.Therefore, improve advance by solid and gas three-phase flow is carried out rectification, and Obtain the effect that abrasive particle and liquid are accelerated fully, and in order to not slow down in pipe, by injection nozzle vertical tube part 13b's Length Y and the sectional area S of this injection nozzle vertical tube part 13bsRatio (Y/Ss) 0.2～2.0mm-1In the range of select, Preferably 0.3～1.8mm-1In the range of select.
Additionally, required working ability is not being produced in the range of impact by injection nozzle 13, it is possible at random change Shape.Such as, can also only configure injection nozzle vertical tube part 13b as shown in Fig. 2 (B), injection can also be made as shown in Fig. 2 (C) Nozzle wide diameter portion 13c and injection nozzle undergauge end 13e links, and can also only configure injection nozzle compression unit as shown in Fig. 2 (D) 13a.Preferably injection nozzle 13 possesses the position that the diameter of the diameter of the inwall outer wall than the jet 12k of gas nozzle 12 is little.
Referring concurrently to Fig. 3.Gas nozzle 12 is in the way of spraying high-pressure gas mouth 12k is positioned at mixing chamber M and nozzle holder 11 are fitted together to.Gas nozzle 12 can move along the above-below direction of Fig. 1, utilizes screw (not shown) to engage with nozzle holder 11. When to gas nozzle 12 arrange position be adjusted time, after unscrewing described screw, make this gas nozzle 12 vertically side Determine fixed position to movement, and again trip bolt and be fixed.
Importing gases at high pressure from uppermost gases at high pressure introduction part 12f of gas nozzle 12 (is in the present embodiment Compressed air).The gases at high pressure being imported into spray from spraying high-pressure gas mouth 12k, and import mixing chamber M.According to gases at high pressure Injection, described mixing chamber M is formed as negative pressure, blasting media that is slurry and attracted to from described blasting media introduction part 11b Described mixing chamber M.The slurry being attracted is after mixing chamber M mixes with gases at high pressure, as the solid and gas of slurry Yu gases at high pressure Liquid three-phase fluid, the jet 13f injection of the foot of self-injection nozzle 13.
If the captivation (negative pressure) produced in the inside of nozzle 10 is weak, then can not attract the enough silts needed for shot peening Slurry.Negative pressure is involved in the shear strength of the air of surrounding and produces by the injection stream of injected gases at high pressure in its boundary region.Therefore, If the front end of gas nozzle 12 (lower end) side 12j and be positioned at gases at high pressure front, injection direction side wall, i.e. with injection Distance L (with reference to Fig. 5) between the wall of nozzle compression unit 13a is short, then little air around, therefore, it is possible to obtain higher suction Gravitation.But, when this distance L is too short, the gap between the wall of gas nozzle 12 and injection nozzle compression unit 13a is piled up Slurry, owing to this gap is by apolipsis, it is thus possible to can not attract slurry.The gas nozzle of present embodiment, due to described gas Nozzle can insert the most movably, therefore, it is possible to according to the particle footpath of the abrasive particle contained by slurry, containing ratio and The viscosity of slurry, sets described distance L.
As shown in Fig. 3 (A), the inside of gas nozzle 12 possesses: gas nozzle vertical tube part 12a, this gas nozzle vertical tube part The upper end of 12a is gases at high pressure introduction part 12f, and has the circular section identical with this gases at high pressure introduction part 12f continuously； The other end of gas nozzle compression unit 12b, this gas nozzle compression unit 12b and above-mentioned gases at high pressure vertical tube part 12a links, and court To gas nozzle undergauge end 12h undergauge continuously；And gas nozzle acceleration portion 12c, portion 12c is with above-mentioned in this gas nozzle acceleration Gas nozzle undergauge end 12h links, and the most expanding towards gas nozzle expanding end 12j, and gases at high pressure introduction part 12f, gas nozzle undergauge end 12h and gas nozzle acceleration portion 12c are configured in same axis in the heart.Import from gases at high pressure Portion 12f import gases at high pressure, after gas nozzle compression unit 12b is compressed and is accelerated, gas nozzle acceleration portion 12c by Gradually expand and be further accelerated, and spray from spraying high-pressure gas mouth 12k (gas nozzle expanding end 12j).Due to high velocity spray Penetrating gases at high pressure, therefore the jet velocity from the solid and gas liquid three-phase fluid of described jet 13f injection is also fast, therefore can enter efficiently Row shot peening.Further, since the jet velocity of gases at high pressure is fast, the shear strength therefore produced in the boundary region of injection stream becomes By force.Accordingly, because the captivation in mixing chamber M generation becomes strong, even if therefore lengthening the front end of described gas nozzle 12 with described Distance L between the wall of injection nozzle compression unit 13a, it is also possible to obtain the enough negative pressure for attracting slurry and (attract Power).That is, the gas nozzle 12 of the application of the invention, it is possible to realize the slurry improving and being sprayed of the jet velocity of slurry The increase of amount, therefore, it is possible to improve the efficiency of shot peening.
In order to prevent from piling up slurry in the gap of the front end of gas nozzle 12 with injection nozzle compression unit 13a, and in order to Attract the wall of the enough slurry needed for shot peening, the front end of described gas nozzle 12 and described injection nozzle compression unit 13a Distance L between face and the diameter D of described spraying high-pressure gas mouth 12kgRatio (the L/D of (with reference to Fig. 5)g) particularly important, find This is most preferred than setting in the range of 0.2～5.0.When described than (L/Dg) too small time, slurry piles up, thus slurry Attract path by apolipsis.When described than (L/Dg) excessive time, it is impossible to obtain for attracting enough amounts needed for shot peening The negative pressure of slurry.
It addition, in the situation that expulsion pressure is 0.2～1.0MPa of the optimal gases at high pressure for carrying out shot peening Under, by the area S of gas nozzle undergauge end 12hgmIn (with reference to Fig. 5) and gas nozzle compression unit 12b with gas nozzle undergauge The area S of the gas nozzle undergauge other end 12g of the side that end 12h is contrarygiRatio (the S of (with reference to Fig. 5)gm/Sgi) 0.1～0.3 In the range of select, preferably select in the range of 0.1～0.2, and by the area of expanding for gas nozzle end 12j Sgo(with reference to Fig. 5) and the area S of described gas nozzle undergauge end 12hgmRatio (Sgo/Sgm) select in the range of 1.5～5.0 Select, preferably select in the range of 2.0～4.0.If the expulsion pressure of gases at high pressure is 0.1～1.0MPa, then by by institute State the area S of gas nozzle undergauge end 12hgm, and the area S of described gas nozzle undergauge other end 12ggiRatio (Sgm/Sgi) set It is 0.1～0.3, it is possible to utilize gas nozzle compression unit 12b to accelerate gases at high pressure fully.But, when described gas sprays The area S of mouth expanding end 12jgo, and the area S of described gas nozzle undergauge end 12hgmRatio (Sgo/Sgm) too small time, high pressure gas Body is insufficient and can not accelerate fully, firm from gas nozzle jet 12k in the expansion of described gas nozzle acceleration portion 12c Just expanding sharp after injection, therefore the flowing of gases at high pressure becomes unstable.It addition, when described than (Sgo/Sgm) excessive Time, the flowing of gases at high pressure is peeled off by the wall of described gas nozzle acceleration portion 12c and can not be accelerated fully.
It addition, when the tilt angle theta of the wall of described gas nozzle acceleration portion 12c is too small, gases at high pressure are at described gas The expansion of body nozzle acceleration portion 12c is insufficient and can not accelerate fully, swollen after spraying high-pressure gas mouth 12k just sprays Swollen and slow down.It addition, when described tilt angle theta is excessive, the flowing of gases at high pressure is by the wall of described gas nozzle acceleration portion 12c Face is peeled off and can not be accelerated fully.The most described tilt angle theta selects in the range of 1.2～5.0 °.
It addition, as shown in Fig. 3 (B), the inside of gas nozzle can also be at gas nozzle undergauge end 12h and gas nozzle Gas nozzle is configured between the gas nozzle expanding other end 12i of the side contrary for end 12j expanding with air in acceleration portion 12c Rectification part 12d.Gas nozzle rectification part 12d has the circular section identical with gas nozzle undergauge end 12h the most continuously. Owing to gas nozzle rectification part 12d can make the flowing having passed through the gases at high pressure of gas nozzle undergauge end 12h stable, therefore can Enough reductions are intended to the power expanded sharp when inflow gas nozzle acceleration portion 12c.As a result of which it is, gases at high pressure can be swimmingly Flow through gas nozzle 10.It addition, as shown in Fig. 3 (C) and Fig. 3 (D), it is also possible to link at gas nozzle expanding end 12j and have Gas nozzle second rectification part 12e of end 12j identical section expanding with gas nozzle.In the present embodiment, Fig. 3 is used (B) gas nozzle 12 shown in.
Length X when gas nozzle rectification part 12d1When (with reference to Fig. 5) is too short, it is impossible to obtain gases at high pressure are carried out rectification Effect, when length X of gas nozzle rectification part 12d1Time long, gases at high pressure by time become resistance and make gases at high pressure Slow down.Length X of described gas nozzle rectification part 12d1, and the area S of described gas nozzle undergauge end 12hgmRatio (X1/Sgm) 0.1～1.0mm-1In the range of select, preferably 0.1～0.5mm-1In the range of select.In the same manner, when gas nozzle Length X of two rectification part 12e2Time too short, it is impossible to obtain gases at high pressure are carried out the effect of rectification, when gas nozzle the second rectification Length X of portion 12e2Time long, gases at high pressure by time become resistance and make gases at high pressure slow down.The most described gas nozzle Length X of the second rectification part 12e2, and the area S of described expanding end 12jgoRatio (X2/Sgo) 0.02～0.50mm-1Model Enclose interior selection, preferably 0.02～0.30mm-1In the range of select.
It addition, as shown in Figure 4, preferably gas nozzle vertical tube part 12a, gas nozzle compression unit 12b, gas nozzle are accelerated Portion 12c and the respective border of gas nozzle rectification part 12d are formed as mild curve-like (chamfer shape).By removing arrisdefect Portion, gases at high pressure can be smoothly through described border.
It addition, nozzle 10 can also apply to the blasting apparatus of dry type.That is, supply to blasting media introduction part 11b Blasting materials, utilizes the injection of the gases at high pressure from spraying high-pressure gas mouth 12k, from gases at high pressure blasting media introduction part 11a attracts blasting materials to mixing chamber M, mixes gases at high pressure with blasting materials and is formed as solid and gas two-phase flow.Should Solid and gas two-phase flow sprays from jet 13f, thus carries out shot peening.
Even if using blasting materials to replace slurry, it is also possible to utilize nozzle 10 to attract the blasting materials of enough amounts, and And, it is possible to not blocking blasting materials and be accelerated solid and gas two-phase flow efficiently, the flowing of gases at high pressure will not be from gas Nozzle spray-orifice 12k has just been sprayed and has been expanded afterwards and become unstable, and can carry out shot peening efficiently.
Then, the blasting apparatus of the nozzle being configured with present embodiment is illustrated.First to using slurry The blasting apparatus 20 of wet type illustrates.As shown in Figure 6, blasting apparatus 20 possesses for carrying out machined object W's The shot peening room 21 of shot peening and slurry tank 22.Described nozzle 10 is configured, at solid and gas liquid three-phase in shot peening room 21 The injection direction (in figure 6 for the lower section of nozzle 10) of stream is configured with mounting unit T for machined object W mounting.
Stockpile oriented liquid (in the present embodiment for water) at slurry tank 22 and be mixed with the slurry of abrasive particle as shot-peening Jie Matter.As long as abrasive particle ferrum and non-hard ball made of iron, solids, steel wire cut pill, ceramic-like particle, plant particle and resin Class particle etc unrelated with dry type and wet type and be generally possible to the abrasive particle for shot peening, the most especially Limit.Described abrasive particle is mixed in water in the way of being formed as the 5～60 volume % that slurry is overall.In order to prevent the mill in slurry The sedimentation of grain, is configured to stir abrasive particle at described slurry tank 22 and makes the scattered unit of abrasive particle (not shown).
Slurry is drunk up by pump P via flexible pipe, and to the blasting media introduction part 11a of nozzle 10 and stage unit 25 Conveying.It is transported to the slurry of this blasting media introduction part 11a, utilizes by gases at high pressure introduction part 12f with gas nozzle 12 The compressed air linked produces the injection of the compressed air (gases at high pressure) that source 24 (compressed air supply unit) produces and is inhaled Guide to mixing chamber M, and after mixing with compressed air, spray to machined object W as solid and gas liquid three-phase fluid, thus carry out The shot peening of machined object W.
The cutting object etc. of the slurry sprayed from nozzle 10 and the machined object W produced in shot peening is flowed into and sprays The slurry tank 22 that ball Processing Room 21 links.That is, the slurry of slurry tank 22 is in addition to water with abrasive particle, also comprises and is ground by shot peening Damage or pulverize and be formed as being unsuitable for the abrasive particle of the size of shot peening and the cutting object that produced by shot peening etc. (following, These are denoted as " need not thing ").A part for the slurry drunk up by pump P is sent to stage unit 25, makes to be suitable to shot-peening and adds The abrasive particle of work separates with the described thing that need not.The abrasive particle separated returns to slurry tank 22, thus again makes in shot peening With.The described thing that need not is sent to taxon 26, makes liquid be partially separated with solid, and solid part is recovered as sludge To sludge groove 28, liquid is accumulated in liquid-accumulating trough 27.The liquid being accumulated in liquid-accumulating trough 27 may return to slurry tank 22, it is also possible to Use as the cleanout fluid for the machined object W after shot peening is carried out.
Described stage unit 25 is according to the diameter that need not thing separated or amount, it is possible to use wet spin streaming classification dress Put, the known means such as proportion sorter.It addition, described taxon 26 can according to the material of the material being classified and Size and be suitably used method known to sieve, magnetic force sorter, centrifugal separating device etc..Such as, abrasive particle and being added Work thing W is magnetic and in the case of using sieve to be difficult to separate, it is possible to use magnetic force classifier.As an example, using In the case of the abrasive particles such as iron solids remove the burr of the forged articles such as chrome-molybdenum steel (hot rolling, cold rolling), it is suitable for using magnetic force classification Machine.
The shot peening overall in order to carry out machined object W, it is possible to so that mobile unit (not shown) is single with described mounting Unit T or for keeping the pallet (not shown) of nozzle to link, this mobile unit is used for making machined object W relative relative to nozzle 10 Ground scanning.In the present embodiment, mobile unit is configured to the axle center of mounting unit T making machined object to have circular surface Centered by rotate, and make this mobile unit and above-mentioned mounting unit T link.
It is configured at the quantity of the nozzle 10 of shot peening room, it is possible to suitable according to the dimension and shape of machined object W Ground selects.Such as, in the case of the size of machined object is big, enter by connecting multiple nozzles 10 as shown in Fig. 7 (A) Row configuration, it is possible to once be processed.In the case of machined object W has male and fomale(M&F), make many as shown in Fig. 7 (B) The male and fomale(M&F) of the corresponding machined object W of individual nozzle 10 and configure, it is possible to male and fomale(M&F) is processed simultaneously.In this enforcement In mode, it is configured to connect four nozzles 10 abreast as shown in Fig. 7 (A).
In the case of configuring multiple nozzles 10, in order to equably slurry be supplied to all of nozzle 10, supply at slurry To configuring slurry branch units 23 between source (in the present embodiment, for slurry tank 22 and pump P) and nozzle 10.In this enforcement In mode, between pump P and nozzle 10, configure slurry branch units 23.
As shown in Figure 8, the slurry branch units 23 of present embodiment is configured to include: cylindric branch units main body 23b, the two ends of this branch units main body 23b are by apolipsis；Slurry puts into parts 23a, and this slurry puts into parts 23a and is configured at branch The end face of unit main body 23b and linking with pump P via flexible pipe；Slurry supply part 23c, this slurry supply part 23c configure In other end, and link, including slurry branch units 23 via the blasting media introduction part 12a of flexible pipe with each nozzle 10 Portion is formed with slurry and once stockpiles room 23t.Described slurry supply part 23c can fit according to the quantity of the nozzle 10 configured Local selection arranges quantity.In the present embodiment, four slurry supply part 23c of configuration.
The slurry drunk up by pump P is delivered to slurry from slurry input parts 23b and is once stockpiled room 23t.Slurry once stockpiles Slurry in the 23t of room, after discharging from all of slurry supply part 23c, delivers to nozzle 10 via flexible pipe.Now, due to Slurry once stockpiles the inside of room 23t and is pressurizeed by the discharge pressure of pump P, therefore discharges all from all of slurry supply part 23c Deng the slurry of amount.
In order to more precisely discharge slurry equably from all of slurry supply part 23c, it is also possible to according to based on pump P The input pressure of slurry and input amount, the slurry properly selecting branch units main body once stockpiles the length of room 23t.Cause This, as shown in Fig. 8 (B), by can along the inwall of branch units main body 23a in figure above-below direction slide adjustment portion Part 23d links described slurry and puts into parts 23b, thus can also be configured to suitably to change slurry and once stockpile the length of room Structure.It addition, as shown in Fig. 8 (C), it is also possible to the slurry making slurry be effectively channeled to each slurry supply part 23c will be used for Guide member 23e is configured at slurry and once stockpiles room 23t.As long as additionally, slurry can be supplied to by slurry branch units 23 Multiple nozzles 10, then can be other structure known.
Then, the dry type blasting apparatus 220 of the nozzle being configured with present embodiment is illustrated.As it is shown in figure 9, Blasting apparatus 220 possesses the shot peening room 21 of the shot peening for carrying out machined object W.In shot peening room 21 Configuring described nozzle 10, the injection direction (in fig .9, for the lower section of nozzle 10) at solid and gas two-phase flow is configured with for machined object Mounting unit T of W mounting.Groove is stockpiled for stockpile blasting media that is blasting materials it addition, be configured with above nozzle 29, this stockpiles groove 29 and links via blasting media introduction part 11b of flexible pipe with described nozzle 10.Herein, it is also possible to deposit described Long-pending path between groove 29 and described nozzle 10 is configured to the dosing unit (not shown) of weight feed blasting materials.
The shot peening overall in order to carry out machined object W, it is also possible to by single with described mounting for mobile unit (not shown) Unit T or for keeping the pallet (not shown) of nozzle to link, this mobile unit is used for making machined object W relative relative to nozzle 10 Ground scanning.In the present embodiment, this mobile unit is configured to the axle of mounting unit T making machined object to have circular surface Rotate centered by the heart, and make this mobile unit link with above-mentioned mounting unit T.
High pressure gas is imported with the pressure of 0.2 to 1.0MPa by the compressed air that will produce at compressed air supply unit 24 Body introduction part 12f, thus produces captivation at mixing chamber M.Owing to mixing chamber M connects with blasting materials supply unit 11b, therefore deposit Blasting materials in long-pending groove 29 attracted to mixing chamber M.The blasting materials being attracted mixes and blowing loophole 13f with compressed air Spray to machined object W, thus carry out shot peening.
Injected blasting materials and the cutting object etc. that produces in shot peening are via being configured at shot peening room 21 The flexible pipe of bottom and deliver to stage unit 25 (eddy flow (cyclone) in the present embodiment).Shot peening produces Cutting object and because rupturing, defect and result in the blasting materials of the diameter for being unsuitable for shot peening, due to be suitable to spray The blasting materials of ball processing is compared gently, is therefore recovered to attraction unit (dust collect plant) DC linked with stage unit 25.Be suitable to The blasting materials of shot peening is sent to stockpile groove 29, and again uses in shot peening.Additionally, stage unit 25 not office It is limited to eddy flow, as long as known device.
The nozzle 10 of the present invention is owing to also being able to attract well to the blasting materials in big footpath, therefore, it is possible to according to adding Diameter is selected, preferably at the model of 15～300 μm in the range of 5～1000 μm by work purpose, the material of machined object, shape etc. Suitably select in enclosing.It addition, can from ferrum class and the hard ball of non-ferric class, steel wire cut pill, solids, ceramic-like particle, The material that plant particle, resinae particle etc. are generally possible to use as blasting materials suitably selects.
Using the shot peening of the nozzle 10 of the present invention, owing to the jet velocity of blasting materials is fast, therefore cutting force etc. add Work ability is high.Further, since compression is empty compared with the nozzle of existing aspiration-type in the case of the processing carrying out same degree The usage amount of gas is few, therefore, it is possible to reduce the ability of compressed air supply source.
It addition, the nozzle of the present invention also is able to be applied to aptly shot peening.In shot peening strengthening, due to For the purpose of machined object applies compressive residual stress towards depth direction, therefore the jet velocity of preferred blasting materials is fast.Due to existing The nozzle of some aspiration-types jet velocity compared with the nozzle of adding pressure type is slow, therefore generally uses the nozzle of adding pressure type.The present invention Nozzle obtain the jet velocity of the nozzle equal extent with adding pressure type, and due to be the nozzle of aspiration-type and can be continuously Blasting materials is sprayed, therefore, it is possible to carry out shot peening strengthening well.
It addition, to be configured with present embodiment nozzle, for the blasting apparatus 320 of both wet type and dry type Illustrate.As shown in Figure 10, blasting apparatus 320 possesses the shot peening of the shot peening for carrying out machined object W Room 21 and slurry tank 22.It is configured with in shot peening room 21 and utilizes the dispersing of box like of lower opening to prevent cover C to cover Stating the nozzle 10 of jet 13f, the injection direction (in Fig. 10, for the lower section of nozzle 10) at mixed airflow is configured with for being added Mounting unit T of work thing W mounting.It addition, be configured with above nozzle for stockpiling shot peening for carrying out dry type Blasting media that is blasting materials stockpile groove 29, stockpile groove 29 be linked with dry classification unit 25a (in present embodiment at this In be dry type cyclone classification device).Dry classification unit 25a (being dry type cyclone classification device in the present embodiment) is via soft Pipe with attract cells D C (dust collect plant in the present embodiment) and described in disperse and prevent cover C from linking.
Slurry tank 22 and stockpile groove 29 respectively via flexible pipe with switching valve V link.Described switching valve V via flexible pipe with Described nozzle 10 links, by switching over this switching valve V, it is possible to makes nozzle 10 and slurry tank 22 or stockpiles groove 29 and link.
Stockpile oriented liquid (in the present embodiment for water) at slurry tank 22 and be mixed with the slurry of abrasive particle as entering The blasting media of the shot peening of row wet type.As long as abrasive particle ferrum and non-hard ball made of iron, solids, steel wire cut pill, ceramic-like Particle, plant particle, resinae particle etc unrelated with dry type and wet type and be generally possible to the mill for shot peening Grain, does not limits especially.Described abrasive particle is mixed in water in the way of being formed as the 5～60 volume % that slurry is overall In.In order to prevent the sedimentation of the abrasive particle in slurry, it is configured to stir abrasive particle at described slurry tank 22 and makes the scattered list of abrasive particle Unit (not shown).
The shot peening overall in order to carry out machined object W, it is also possible to by mobile unit and described mounting unit T or be used for The pallet (not shown) keeping nozzle links, and this mobile unit is used for making machined object W relatively scan relative to nozzle 10.? In present embodiment, this mobile unit is configured to make machined object centered by the axle center of mounting unit T with circular surface And rotate, and this mobile unit is made to link with above-mentioned mounting unit T.
First, after utilization switching valve V makes to stockpile groove 29 and nozzle 10 link, attraction cells D C is made to operate.Then, logical Cross and make compressed air supply unit 24 operate, and the compressed air produced is imported gases at high pressure introduction part 12f, thus in mixing Room M produces captivation.Owing to mixing chamber M connects with blasting media introduction part 11b, the blasting materials therefore stockpiled in groove 29 is inhaled Guide to mixing chamber M.The blasting materials being attracted mixes with compressed air and blowing loophole 13f sprays to machined object W, thus enters Row shot peening.
Utilize by the captivation attracting cells D C to produce, prevent from producing in cover C captivation dispersing.Injected injection material Material and the cutting object etc. produced in shot peening disperse outside not preventing cover C towards dispersing and are attracted, thus divide to dry type Level unit 25a moves.The cutting object that produces in shot peening and because rupturing, defect and result in and add for being unsuitable for shot-peening The blasting materials of the diameter of work, due to light compared with the blasting materials being suitable to shot peening, is therefore recycled to and dry classification Attraction cells D C that unit 25a links.On the other hand, be suitable to the blasting materials of shot peening and move towards stockpiling groove 29, and again Shot peening uses.
The nozzle 10 of the present invention is owing to also being able to attract well to the blasting materials in big footpath, therefore, it is possible to according to adding Diameter is selected, preferably at the model of 15～300 μm in the range of 5～1000 μm by work purpose, the material of machined object, shape etc. Suitably select in enclosing.It addition, can from ferrum class and the hard ball of non-ferric class, steel wire cut pill, solids, ceramic-like particle, The material that plant particle, resinae particle etc. are generally possible to use as blasting materials suitably selects.
At the end of the shot peening of dry type, stop attracting the operating of cells D C, utilize switching valve V to switch to slurry afterwards Groove 22 and the link of nozzle 10.Then, pump P is made to operate.Slurry is drunk up by pump P via flexible pipe, and delivers to the shot-peening of nozzle 10 Medium introduction part 11a and wet classification unit 25b.Deliver to the slurry of this blasting media introduction part 11a, utilize by with gas The compressed air that gases at high pressure introduction part 12f of body nozzle 12 links produces the spray of the compressed air (gases at high pressure) that source 24 produces Penetrate and attracted to mixing chamber M, and after mixing with compressed air, spray to machined object W as solid and gas liquid three-phase fluid, Thus carry out the shot peening of machined object W.
The cutting object etc. of the slurry sprayed from nozzle 10 and the machined object W produced in shot peening is flowed into and sprays The slurry tank 22 that ball Processing Room 21 links.That is, the slurry of slurry tank 22 is in addition to water with abrasive particle, also comprises because shot peening grinds Damage or pulverize and to be formed as being unsuitable in the abrasive particle of the size of shot peening, shot peening the cutting object that produces etc. (following, by this It is denoted as " need not thing ").A part for the slurry drunk up by pump P is sent to wet classification unit 25b, and makes to be suitable to shot-peening The abrasive particle of processing separates with the described thing that need not.The abrasive particle separated returns to slurry tank, and again uses in shot peening. The described thing that need not is sent to taxon 26, makes liquid be partially separated with solid, and solid part is recycled to as sludge Sludge groove 28, liquid is accumulated in liquid-accumulating trough 27.The liquid being accumulated in liquid-accumulating trough 27 may return to slurry tank, it is also possible to as with Use in the cleanout fluid that the machined object W after shot peening is carried out.
Described wet classification unit 25b can use wet spin streaming to divide according to the diameter that need not thing separated or amount The known means such as stage arrangement, proportion sorter.It addition, described taxon 26 can according to classification material material with And size and be suitably used method known to sieve, magnetic force sorter, centrifugal separating device etc..Such as, abrasive particle and quilt Machining object W is magnetic and in the case of being difficult to separate with sieve, it is possible to use magnetic force classifier.
The quantity of the nozzle 10 being configured at shot peening room can according to the dimension and shape of machined object W suitably Select.Such as, in the case of the size of machined object is big, by connecting the multiple nozzles 10 of configuration as shown in figure 11, by This can once be processed, in the case of machined object W has male and fomale(M&F), although not shown, but by by multiple nozzles The male and fomale(M&F) of 10 corresponding machined object W and configure, it is possible to male and fomale(M&F) is processed simultaneously.In present embodiment In, it is configured to make four nozzles 10 connect abreast.
In the case of configuring multiple nozzles 10, in order to needs supply slurry to all of nozzle 10 equably, and configure Slurry branch units 23.In the present embodiment, between pump P and nozzle 10, slurry branch units 23 is configured.
The slurry branch units 23 of present embodiment is as use Fig. 8 to illustrate.
Use the nozzle of the first embodiment, and import compressed air with 0.4MPa from gases at high pressure introduction part 12f, by right The result being measured in the captivation of mixing chamber M generation illustrates as embodiment 1.In the present embodiment, as at table 1 As shown in be set with: the area S of gas nozzle undergauge end 12hgmArea S with gas nozzle undergauge other end 12ggiRatio (Sgm/Sgi), the area S of gas nozzle expanding end 12jgoArea S with gas nozzle undergauge end 12hgmRatio (Sgo/Sgm), gas The tiltangleθ of body nozzle acceleration portion 12c, from the front end of gas nozzle 12 to injection nozzle compression unit 13a wall distance L with The diameter D of described spraying high-pressure gas mouth 12kgRatio (L/Dg), length X of gas nozzle rectification part 12d1Contract with gas nozzle The area S of footpath end 12hgmRatio (X1/Sgm) and length X of gas nozzle the second rectification part 12e2With described expanding end 12j's Area SgoRatio (X2/Sgo)。
Table 1
As long as the negative pressure in mixing chamber M is below-40kPa, it becomes possible to attract the enough slurry needed for shot peening, Therefore embodiment 1-1～9 nozzle 10 can well slurry be attracted to mixing chamber M.
The result that nozzle 10 described in use embodiment 1-6 carries out wet type shot peening is entered as embodiment 2 Row explanation.White fused alumina (WA#800 (Xindong Industry Co's system): averaged particles footpath is used as abrasive particle；18 μm), iron Solids (GH-3 (Xindong Industry Co's system): averaged particles footpath；300 μm), stainless steel solids (GRITTAL GH-20 (gold life energy material Co., Ltd. system): averaged particles footpath；200 μm), iron hard ball (SB-3 (Xindong Industry Co System): averaged particles footpath；300 μm) and abrasite (AF60 (Xindong Industry Co's system): averaged particles footpath；250 μm), In the way of being formed as 10～40 volume %, it is scattered in water respectively and is made slurry.Distance between jet 13f is set to 100mm, by this slurry with the compressed-air actuated expulsion pressure of 0.4MPa towards machined object (plate of SS400 (60 × 60 × T6mm)) injection one minute.After processing, surface roughness meter (Tokyo Seimitsu Co., Ltd's system) is utilized (to cut processed Cut) depth capacity (following, be only denoted as " working depth ") be measured.
As shown in table 2, even if abrasive particle can be sprayed in arbitrary slurry in the course of processing continuously, without The building up inside slurry of the mixing chamber M of nozzle 10 and apolipsis.In addition, it can be seen that be cut by machined object W, it is possible to good Ground carries out shot peening.Use for the knot disclosed in the conventional art that compares, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 06-126628 publication The nozzle of structure, in the course of processing spraying described slurry, aperture can not be carried out the injection of abrasive particle continuously by abrasive particle apolipsis. Thus, it is possible to confirm that the nozzle of the present invention is unrelated with the character in the particle footpath of abrasive particle and slurry and carry out shot-peening well and add Work.
Table 2
In the processing conditions of embodiment 2-1, by straight with this injection nozzle for length Y changing injection nozzle vertical tube part 13b The sectional area S of cylinder portion 13bsRatio (Y/Ss) and carry out the result of shot peening and illustrate as embodiment 3.Such as Figure 12 institute Show, for described than (Y/Ss), if less than 0.2, then working depth is shallow, it is impossible to obtain the effect of injection nozzle vertical tube part 13b. When described than (Y/Ss) more than 0.3 time, it can be seen that working depth deepens, and utilizes injection nozzle vertical tube part 13b to make to add work efficiency Rate uprises.But, when the length of injection nozzle vertical tube part is the most elongated and make described than (Y/Ss) more than 2.0 time, processing is deep Degree reduces.Thus, it is known that when nozzle vertical tube part is long, hinder solid and gas owing to the wall of injection nozzle vertical tube part becomes resistance The flowing of liquid three-phase fluid, therefore working ability weakens.
The nozzle 10 of use embodiment 1-7,1-1,1-2 (below, is denoted as " nozzle A ", " nozzle B ", " nozzle successively C ") and carry out the result of dry type shot peening and illustrate as embodiment 3.Blasting materials use averaged particles footpath be 20～ The white fused alumina (Xindong Industry Co's system) of 80 μm.Distance between machined object W and jet 13f is set to 100mm, will Described blasting materials with 0.2～0.6MPa compressed-air actuated expulsion pressure to machined object (plate of SS400 (60 × 60 × T6mm)) injection one minute.After processing, utilize surface roughness meter (Tokyo Seimitsu Co., Ltd's system) to being processed (cutting) Depth capacity (following, be denoted as " working depth ") be measured.It addition, as comparative example, use and there is identical jet The nozzle (comparative example 3-1) of adding pressure type of diameter and there is the existing aspiration-type of diameter of identical jet equally Nozzle (with reference to Figure 13: comparative example 3-2), is processed at identical conditions.
As shown in table 3, it can be seen that the nozzle of the present invention compared with the nozzle of existing aspiration-type, shot peening ability Height, and there is the shot peening ability of nozzle equal extent with adding pressure type.In addition, it can be seen that with the nozzle of adding pressure type and The nozzle of existing aspiration-type is compared, and compressed-air actuated usage amount is also few.According to these results, it is known that the nozzle of the present invention has With the strong working ability of the nozzle equal extent of adding pressure type, and owing to being the nozzle of aspiration-type, it is thus possible to carry out continuously Processing.Further, since air supply required for Jia Gong the most also can, be used for making compressed air supply source work therefore, it is possible to reduce The energy made.Further, since the gases at high pressure for obtaining gases at high pressure can be weakened produce the ability in source, therefore, it is possible to make institute State gases at high pressure and produce source miniaturization.
Table 3
In the processing conditions of embodiment 3-10, length Y and this injection nozzle of injection nozzle vertical tube part 13b will be changed The sectional area S of vertical tube part 13bsRatio (Y/Ss) and carry out the result of shot peening and illustrate as embodiment 4.Such as Figure 14 Shown in, if described than (Y/Ss) less than 0.2, then working depth is shallow, it is impossible to obtain the effect of injection nozzle vertical tube part 13b.When Described than (Y/Ss) more than 0.3 time, it can be seen that working depth deepens, and utilizes injection nozzle vertical tube part 13b to make working (machining) efficiency Uprise.But, when the length of injection nozzle vertical tube part 13b is the most elongated and make described than (Y/Ss) more than 2.0 time, processing is deep Degree reduces.Thus, it is known that when nozzle vertical tube part 13b is long, hinder solid owing to the wall of nozzle vertical tube part 13b becomes resistance The flowing of gas two-phase flow, therefore working ability weakens.
Then, using the example in gas nozzle acceleration portion 12c configuration blasting media introduction part 11b as the second embodiment And illustrate.Additionally, the most only the point different from the first embodiment is illustrated, and spray as wet type shot peening Mouth and illustrate.
As shown in figure 15, the nozzle 110 of the second embodiment possesses: the nozzle holder 111 of the quadrangular prism shape of hollow, should The two ends of nozzle holder 111 are toroidal by opening；The gas nozzle 112 of the drum of hollow, the two of this gas nozzle 112 End is toroidal by opening；And the injection nozzle 113 of the drum of hollow, the two ends of this injection nozzle 113 by opening are Toroidal.Possess above nozzle holder 111 can the peristome of the chimeric size of supplied gas nozzle 112, and have in lower section The peristome of the standby size can being fitted together to for injection nozzle 113, and upper and lower peristome is via the cylindrical shape of nozzle holder 111 Inside space connection.It addition, the end face of the blasting media introduction part 111a of hollow shape and this nozzle holder 111 One side links, and blasting media introduction part 111b of other end connects with the space within nozzle holder 111.
Injection nozzle 113 is chimeric with the lower section of nozzle holder 111, utilizes screw (not shown) to block with nozzle holder 111 Only.As shown in Figure 16 (A), it is equipped with the recess of chimeric gas nozzle 112 in the upper end of injection nozzle 113.Opening of upper end Oral area (nozzle linking part 113d) is the shape identical with the spraying high-pressure gas mouth 112k of gas nozzle 112, by towards another The jet 113f of end has the injection nozzle vertical tube part 113b (injection nozzle rectification part) of identical diameter continuously, is formed solid The path of the flowing of gas-liquid three-phase flow.
Advance is improved, therefore owing to described injection nozzle vertical tube part 113b can carry out rectification to solid and gas liquid three-phase fluid It is prevented from expanding sharp after just being sprayed by jet 113f and being decelerated.Further, since abrasive particle, liquid and gas True specific gravity is different, it is therefore desirable to (distance) more more than gas the acceleration time, therefore abrasive particle and liquid can be made to accelerate.But, When length Y of injection nozzle vertical tube part 113b is long, tube wall becomes resistance and slows down.Therefore, obtain described effect, And in order to not slow down in pipe, by the cross section of length Y of injection nozzle vertical tube part 113b Yu this injection nozzle vertical tube part 113b Long-pending SsRatio (Y/Ss) select in the range of 0.2～2.0, preferably select in the range of 0.3～1.8.
As shown in Figure 17 (A), the inside of gas nozzle 112 possesses: gas nozzle vertical tube part 112a, this gas nozzle straight tube The upper end of portion 112a is gases at high pressure introduction part 112f, and has the circle identical with this gases at high pressure introduction part 112f continuously Section；The other end of gas nozzle compression unit 112b, this gas nozzle compression unit 112b and above-mentioned gases at high pressure vertical tube part 112a Link, and towards gas nozzle undergauge end 112h undergauge continuously；Gas nozzle acceleration portion 112c, this gas nozzle acceleration portion 112c and above-mentioned gas nozzle undergauge end 112h links, and the most expanding towards gas nozzle expanding end 112j, and high pressure Gas introduction part 112f, gas nozzle undergauge end 112h and gas nozzle acceleration portion 112c are configured in same axis in the heart.Separately Outward, in the way of connecting with described gas nozzle acceleration portion 112c, it is configured with columnar peristome (blasting media lead-in path 112m)。
Gas nozzle 112 is in the way of the linking part (113d) of spraying high-pressure gas mouth 112k Yu injection nozzle 113 links Chimeric with nozzle holder 111, utilize screw (not shown) to engage with nozzle holder 111.Now, described blasting media imports road One end of footpath 112m is positioned at mixing chamber M.
The gases at high pressure imported from gases at high pressure introduction part 112f, are being accelerated by gas nozzle compression unit 112b compression Afterwards, being accelerated by gradually expanding at gas nozzle acceleration portion 12c, from spraying high-pressure gas mouth 112k, (gas nozzle expands Footpath end 112j) injection.When gases at high pressure flow through gas nozzle acceleration portion 112c, utilize in the generation of the boundary region of high pressure draught Shear strength and be produced from the blasting media lead-in path 112m negative pressure to the flow draws of gases at high pressure.From blasting media introduction part 111b imports the slurry of mixing chamber M, attracted to the flowing of gases at high pressure from blasting media lead-in path 112m, thus is formed solid Gas-liquid three-phase flow.Solid and gas liquid three-phase fluid is sprayed by injection nozzle 113 blowing loophole 113f.With the path of gases at high pressure only by directly The gas nozzle that cylinder portion 112a is constituted is compared, and owing in gas nozzle 110, the speed of flowing is fast, is situated between even if therefore increasing shot-peening The diameter of matter lead-in path 112m, it is also possible to attract the enough captivations (negative pressure) needed for slurry.That is, the application of the invention Gas nozzle 112, owing to being capable of the improving and the increase of slurry amount of injection, therefore, it is possible to carry of the jet velocity of slurry The efficiency of high shot peening.
Blasting media lead-in path 112m, be preferably configured to by the angle [alpha] in the axle center relative to gas nozzle 112 15～ Select in the range of 45 °.As long as angle [alpha] is in described scope, then importing to the slurry in gas nozzle 112 can be equably It is distributed to the flowing of gases at high pressure, therefore, it is possible to carry out stable shot peening.
Gas nozzle jet 112k and injection nozzle linking part 113d links, and has passed through gas nozzle jet 112k's Solid and gas liquid three-phase fluid, the blowing loophole 113f injection by injection nozzle vertical tube part 113b.Due to described injection nozzle vertical tube part 113b carries out rectification to the flowing of solid and gas liquid three-phase fluid and can improve advance, therefore, it is possible to prevent firm by jet 113f Just expand sharp after injection and be decelerated.But, when length Y of injection nozzle vertical tube part 113b is long, tube wall becomes Resistance and slow down.Therefore, in order to solid and gas liquid three-phase fluid to be carried out rectification, and do not slow down in pipe, injection is sprayed Length Y of mouth vertical tube part 113b and the sectional area S of this injection nozzle vertical tube part 113bsRatio (Y/Ss) in the range of 0.2～2.0 Select, preferably select in the range of 0.3～1.8.As long as injection nozzle 113 can be whole in jet 113f Stream, the most such as can make shown in Figure 16 (B) the most expanding injection nozzle wide diameter portion 113c with as described in injection nozzle straight tube One end of portion 113b links, it is also possible to only configure slow and the most expanding injection nozzle wide diameter portion 113c shown in Figure 16 (C).
It addition, identically with the first embodiment, the inside of gas nozzle can also gas nozzle undergauge end 112h with Gas nozzle rectification part 112d (with reference to Figure 17 (B)) is configured between gas nozzle expanding other end 112i.Gas nozzle rectification part 112d has the circular section identical with gas nozzle undergauge end 112h the most continuously.Gas nozzle rectification part 112d due to The flowing having passed through the gases at high pressure of gas nozzle undergauge end 112h can be made stable, be flowed into gas spray therefore, it is possible to reduce The power expanded sharp it is intended to during mouth acceleration portion 112c.As a result of which it is, gases at high pressure can flow at gas nozzle 110 swimmingly Dynamic.
It addition, identically with the first embodiment, preferably by gas nozzle vertical tube part 112a, gas nozzle compression unit 112b, gas nozzle acceleration portion 112c and the respective border of gas nozzle rectification part 112d are formed as mild curve-like ( Angular shape).By removing corner, it is possible to make gases at high pressure be smoothly through described border.
Nozzle 110 is identically with the first embodiment, it is also possible to use as dry type shot peening nozzle.
It addition, blasting apparatus can be configured at the nozzle of present embodiment identically with the first embodiment.
The nozzle 110 of the second embodiment will be used, import compressed air from gases at high pressure introduction part 112f with 0.4MPa, And the result being measured the captivation produced at mixing chamber M illustrates as embodiment 5.In the present embodiment, as It is set with shown in table 4: the area S of gas nozzle undergauge end 112hgmArea S with gas nozzle undergauge other end 112ggiRatio (Sgm/Sgi), the area S of gas nozzle expanding end 112jgoArea S with gas nozzle undergauge end 112hgmRatio (Sgo/Sgm)、 The tiltangleθ of gas nozzle acceleration portion 112c and length X of gas nozzle rectification part 112d1With gas nozzle undergauge end The area S of 112hgmRatio (X1/Sgm)。
Table 4
As long as owing to the negative pressure in mixing chamber M is below-40kPa, then the enough silts needed for shot peening can be attracted Slurry, therefore embodiment 5-1～10 nozzle 110 can well slurry be attracted to mixing chamber M.
In the nozzle 110 described in embodiment 5-6, length Y and this injection of injection nozzle vertical tube part 113b will be changed The sectional area S of nozzle vertical tube part 113bsRatio (Y/Ss) and carry out the result of shot peening and illustrate as embodiment 6.Make Iron solids (GH-3 (Xindong Industry Co's system): averaged particles footpath is used for abrasive particle；300 μm), to be formed as 30 bodies The mode of long-pending % is scattered in water and is made the slurry that shot peening is used.By jet 113f and machined object (60 × 60 × The plate of the SS400 of t6mm) between distance be formed as 100mm, use the compressed air of 0.4MPa, by this slurry towards machined object Injection.As shown in figure 18, if described than (Y/Ss) less than 0.2, then working depth is shallow, it is impossible to obtain injection nozzle vertical tube part The effect of 113b.When described than (Y/Ss) more than 0.3 time, it can be seen that working depth deepens, and utilizes injection nozzle vertical tube part 113b and make working (machining) efficiency uprise.But, when the length of injection nozzle vertical tube part is the most elongated and make described than (Y/Ss) super After 2.0 time, working depth reduces.Thus, it is known that when injection nozzle vertical tube part is long, due to the wall of injection nozzle vertical tube part Becoming resistance and hinder the flowing of solid and gas liquid three-phase fluid, therefore working ability weakens.
In the nozzle 110 described in embodiment 4-6, length Y and this injection of injection nozzle vertical tube part 113b will be changed The sectional area S of nozzle vertical tube part 113bsRatio (Y/Ss) and carry out the result of dry type shot peening and say as embodiment 7 Bright.The blasting materials that shot peening is used uses the Hawaii abrasite (Ha ワ イ ア ラ Application ダ system) of averaged particles footpath 80 μm (Xindong Industry Co's system).By between jet 113f and machined object (plate of the SS400 of 60 × 60 × t6mm) away from From being formed as 100mm, use the compressed air of 0.4MPa, and this blasting materials is sprayed towards machined object.As shown in figure 19, If it is described than (Y/Ss) less than 0.2, then working depth is shallow, it is impossible to obtain the effect of injection nozzle vertical tube part 113b.When described Than (Y/Ss) more than 0.3 time, it can be seen that working depth deepens, and utilizes injection nozzle vertical tube part 113b to make working (machining) efficiency become High.But, when the length of injection nozzle vertical tube part 113b is the most elongated and make described than (Y/Ss) more than 2.0 time, processing is deep Degree reduces.Thus, it is known that when nozzle vertical tube part is long, hinder solid and gas two-phase owing to the wall of nozzle vertical tube part becomes resistance The flowing of stream, therefore working ability weakens.
(modification)
Such as, the modification of the first embodiment as shown in Figure 20 (A), the second embodiment shown in Figure 20 (B) Modification, it is possible to use columnar nozzle holder.In addition, in the range of the function not damaging nozzle, it is possible to suitably Ground change shape and structure.
The shot peening described in embodiment and embodiment can not only be carried out, such as can also make rush-resisting material, Fat-free materials etc. mix with slurry and carry out the processing being combined.

Claims (23)

1. a nozzle, this nozzle is used for being sprayed together with gases at high pressure by blasting media and carrying out shot peening,
Described nozzle possesses:
Nozzle holder, this nozzle holder possesses blasting media introduction part；
The gas nozzle of hollow shape, this gas nozzle from the one end at this gas nozzle be opening gases at high pressure introduction part to It is that the spraying high-pressure gas mouth of opening is to form high pressure gas flow path at the other end；And
Injection nozzle, this injection nozzle is that the linking part of opening is to the spray being opening from the one end at this injection nozzle at the other end Loophole and be formed with the stream of the gases at high pressure comprising blasting media；
The stream of described gases at high pressure possesses:
Gas nozzle compression unit, this gas nozzle compression unit is for entering the gases at high pressure imported from described gases at high pressure introduction part Row compression；And
Gas nozzle acceleration portion, this gas nozzle acceleration portion is for entering the gases at high pressure having passed through described gas nozzle compression unit Row accelerates；
The gases at high pressure flowing through described gas nozzle attract described blasting media from described blasting media introduction part and make described Blasting media mixes with these gases at high pressure, and is sprayed from described injection nozzle as the gases at high pressure comprising blasting media,
Described injection nozzle is to be that the linking part of opening is to the jet being opening from the one end at this injection nozzle at the other end And it is formed with the hollow shape of the stream of the gases at high pressure comprising blasting media,
The stream of the described gases at high pressure comprising blasting media possesses:
Injection nozzle compression unit, this injection nozzle compression unit is for being compressed the gases at high pressure comprising this blasting media；With And
Injection nozzle rectification part, this injection nozzle rectification part for passed through described injection nozzle compression unit comprise shot-peening be situated between The gases at high pressure of matter carry out rectification,
The mixing chamber attracting blasting media is formed by the space of described injection nozzle compression unit Yu the inside of described nozzle holder,
It is characterized in that,
Described gas nozzle compression unit towards undergauge end undergauge continuously,
Described gas nozzle acceleration portion is the most expanding towards expanding end,
In described gas nozzle, the area S of described undergauge endgmWith described gas nozzle compression unit with described undergauge end contrary The area S of the undergauge other end of sidegiRatio (Sgm/Sgi) it is 0.1～0.3, and
The area S of described expanding endgoArea S with the described expanding other endgmRatio (Sgo/Sgm) it is 1.5～5.0.
Nozzle the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described nozzle is also equipped with gas nozzle rectification part, and this gas nozzle rectification part is for having passed through the compression of described gas nozzle The flowing of the gases at high pressure in portion carries out rectification.
Nozzle the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that
Described gas nozzle rectification part have continuously with described undergauge end and described gas nozzle acceleration portion with described expansion The section of the expanding other end same shape of end opposition side, footpath.
Nozzle the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described gas nozzle compression unit is mild curve shape with the border in described gas nozzle acceleration portion.
Nozzle the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that
The mixing chamber being internally formed attraction blasting media of described nozzle,
Described gas nozzle can be chimeric with described nozzle holder movably, with to this gas nozzle and described injection nozzle away from From being adjusted.
Nozzle the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described injection nozzle compression unit towards undergauge end undergauge continuously,
Described injection nozzle rectification part links with described undergauge end, and has continuously and the section of this undergauge end same shape.
Nozzle the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that
Distance L of described gas nozzle and described injection nozzle and the diameter D of described spraying high-pressure gas mouthgRatio (L/Dg) it is 0.2～5.0.
Nozzle the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that
Described blasting media introduction part connects with described gas nozzle acceleration portion, utilizes and is imported by described gases at high pressure introduction part Gases at high pressure produced captivation when described gas nozzle acceleration portion is accelerated, blasting media is attracted to high pressure gas Body.
Nozzle the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that
Described injection nozzle is to be that the linking part of opening is to the jet being opening from the one end at this injection nozzle at the other end And it is formed with the hollow shape in the path of the gases at high pressure comprising blasting media,
Described linking part links with described gas nozzle jet.
Nozzle the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that
Described injection nozzle possesses injection nozzle rectification part, and this injection nozzle rectification part has and jet same shape continuously Section.
11. nozzles according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The angle of inclination of the wall in described gas nozzle acceleration portion is 1.2～5.0 °.
12. nozzles according to claim 6, it is characterised in that
Length Y of described injection nozzle rectification part and the sectional area S of this injection nozzle rectification partsRatio (Y/Ss) be 0.2～ 2.0mm-1。
13. nozzles according to claim 10, it is characterised in that
Length Y of described injection nozzle rectification part and the sectional area S of this injection nozzle rectification partsRatio (Y/Ss) be 0.2～ 2.0mm-1。
14. nozzles according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that
Described blasting media is the slurry that abrasive particle is scattered in liquid.
15. nozzles according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that
Described blasting media is the blasting materials that dry type shot peening is used.
16. nozzles according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that
Described blasting media is the slurry that abrasive particle is scattered in liquid and the blasting materials two used in dry type shot peening Person.
17. 1 kinds of wet type blasting apparatus, this wet type blasting apparatus possesses the nozzle described in claim 1 or 2, and it is special Levy and be,
Described wet type blasting apparatus possesses:
Plural described nozzle；
Slurry supply source, abrasive particle is scattered in the slurry of liquid by this slurry supply source to the supply of described nozzle；And
Slurry branch units, this slurry branch units be configured at described slurry supply source and described nozzle each between.
18. wet type blasting apparatus according to claim 17, it is characterised in that
Described slurry branch units possesses:
The framework of drum, this framework is formed with base plate apolipsis two ends by top board；
The slurry of hollow shape puts into parts, and this slurry puts into one end of parts and links with top board；And
The slurry supply part of hollow shape, one end of this slurry supply part and base plate link, and the other end and described nozzle Link.
19. 1 kinds of dry type blasting apparatus, this dry type blasting apparatus possesses described in claim 1 or claim 2 Nozzle, it is characterised in that
Described dry type blasting apparatus possesses:
Described nozzle；
Stockpiling groove, this stockpiles groove and stockpiles the blasting materials supplied to described nozzle；
Stage unit, this stage unit blasting materials to spraying from described nozzle carries out classification；And
Attracting unit, the blasting materials being unsuitable for shot peening is reclaimed by this attraction unit from described stage unit.
20. 1 kinds of blasting apparatus, this blasting apparatus, for both wet type and dry type shot peening, possesses right Require the nozzle described in 1 or 2, it is characterised in that
Described blasting apparatus possesses:
Described nozzle；
Slurry supply source, abrasive particle is scattered in the slurry of liquid by this slurry supply source to the supply of described nozzle；
Stockpiling groove, this stockpiles groove and stockpiles the blasting materials supplied to described nozzle；
Stage unit, this stage unit blasting materials to spraying from described nozzle carries out classification；
Attracting unit, the blasting materials being unsuitable for shot peening is reclaimed by this attraction unit from described stage unit；And
Switching valve, this switching valve be selectively connected to described nozzle and described slurry supply source or described in stockpile groove.
21. 1 kinds of nozzles, this nozzle is used for the inside by blasting media imports nozzle, and to gases at high pressure and described spray Ball medium mixes, and sprays to machined object as the gases at high pressure comprising blasting media, thus carries out machined object Shot peening,
Described nozzle possesses: nozzle holder；Gas nozzle, this gas nozzle for importing gases at high pressure to the inside of nozzle；With And injection nozzle, this injection nozzle is for carrying out mixed described gases at high pressure and described blasting media to the outside of nozzle Injection,
Described gas nozzle is that opening has gases at high pressure introducing port and the tubular of spraying high-pressure gas mouth respectively at two ends,
And formed from described gases at high pressure introducing port to the stream of the described gases at high pressure of described spraying high-pressure gas mouth,
The stream of described gases at high pressure is configured with the most successively in same axis: the vertical tube part of drum, and this vertical tube part is at one end Face configuration gases at high pressure introducing port；Gas nozzle compression unit, this gas nozzle compression unit is from the other end court of described vertical tube part Undergauge end undergauge continuously；And gas nozzle acceleration portion, this gas nozzle acceleration portion is continuous towards expanding end from described undergauge end Ground is expanding,
Described injection nozzle is to be that the linking part of opening is to the jet being opening from the one end at this injection nozzle at the other end And it is formed with the hollow shape of the stream of the gases at high pressure comprising blasting media,
The stream of the described gases at high pressure comprising blasting media possesses:
Injection nozzle compression unit, this injection nozzle compression unit is for being compressed the gases at high pressure comprising this blasting media；With And
Injection nozzle rectification part, this injection nozzle rectification part for passed through described injection nozzle compression unit comprise shot-peening be situated between The gases at high pressure of matter carry out rectification,
The mixing chamber attracting blasting media is formed by the space of described injection nozzle compression unit Yu the inside of described nozzle holder,
It is characterized in that,
Described gas nozzle compression unit towards undergauge end undergauge continuously,
Described gas nozzle acceleration portion is the most expanding towards expanding end,
In described gas nozzle, the area S of described undergauge endgmWith described gas nozzle compression unit with described undergauge end contrary The area S of the undergauge other end of sidegiRatio (Sgm/Sgi) it is 0.1～0.3, and
The area S of described expanding endgO and the area S of the described expanding other endgmRatio (Sgo/Sgm) it is 1.5～5.0.
22. 1 kinds of nozzles, this nozzle is used for the inside by blasting media imports nozzle, and to gases at high pressure and described spray Ball medium mixes, and sprays to machined object as the gases at high pressure comprising blasting media, thus carries out machined object Shot peening,
Described nozzle possesses: nozzle holder；Gas nozzle, this gas nozzle for importing gases at high pressure to the inside of nozzle；With And injection nozzle, this injection nozzle is for carrying out mixed described gases at high pressure and described blasting media to the outside of nozzle Injection,
Described gas nozzle is that opening has gases at high pressure introducing port and the tubular of spraying high-pressure gas mouth respectively at two ends,
And formed from described gases at high pressure introducing port to the stream of the described gases at high pressure of described spraying high-pressure gas mouth,
The stream of described gases at high pressure is configured with the most successively in same axis: the vertical tube part of drum, and this vertical tube part is at one end Face configuration gases at high pressure introducing port；Gas nozzle compression unit, this gas nozzle compression unit is from the other end court of described vertical tube part Undergauge end undergauge continuously；Gas nozzle rectification part, this gas nozzle rectification part links with described undergauge end, and has and this contracting The diameter that footpath end is identical；And gas nozzle acceleration portion, this gas nozzle acceleration portion links with the other end of described rectification part, And the most expanding towards expanding end,
Described injection nozzle is to be that the linking part of opening is to the jet being opening from the one end at this injection nozzle at the other end And it is formed with the hollow shape of the stream of the gases at high pressure comprising blasting media,
The stream of the described gases at high pressure comprising blasting media possesses:
Injection nozzle compression unit, this injection nozzle compression unit is for being compressed the gases at high pressure comprising this blasting media；With And
Injection nozzle rectification part, this injection nozzle rectification part for passed through described injection nozzle compression unit comprise shot-peening be situated between The gases at high pressure of matter carry out rectification,
The mixing chamber attracting blasting media is formed by the space of described injection nozzle compression unit Yu the inside of described nozzle holder,
It is characterized in that,
Described gas nozzle compression unit towards undergauge end undergauge continuously,
Described gas nozzle acceleration portion is the most expanding towards expanding end,
In described gas nozzle, the area S of described undergauge endgmWith described gas nozzle compression unit with described undergauge end contrary The area S of the undergauge other end of sidegiRatio (Sgm/Sgi) it is 0.1～0.3, and
The area S of described expanding endgoArea S with the described expanding other endgmRatio (Sgo/Sgm) it is 1.5～5.0.
23. according to the nozzle described in claim 21 or 22, it is characterised in that
Described blasting media is the slurry that abrasive particle is scattered in liquid.
CN201210067231.5A 2011-03-17 2012-03-14 Shot peening nozzle and possess the blasting apparatus of this nozzle Active CN102672625B (en)

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