CN102672209B

CN102672209B - Cutter with function of decoupling temperature of turning area

Info

Publication number: CN102672209B
Application number: CN201210147713.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨文玉; 闫琳; 金宏平
Original assignee: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2012-05-14
Filing date: 2012-05-14
Publication date: 2014-03-26
Anticipated expiration: 2032-05-14
Also published as: CN102672209A

Abstract

The invention discloses a cutter with a function of decoupling the temperature of a turning area. The cutter comprises a turning cutter bar and a blade arranged on the turning cutter bar, wherein two test micro blind holes are formed in the blade and used for accommodating high temperature fiber gratings; one blind hole is positioned under the front surface of the cutter; the other blind hole is positioned in the blade, and the bottom of the blind hole tightly leans against a cutter point; the axis of one blind hole is perpendicular to a cutting edge, the distance between the bottom of the blind hole and the cutting edge is 0.2 to 0.8mm, the distance between the blind hole and the front surface is 0.5 to 1.2mm, and the blind hole deviates from the cutter point by 1 to 1.5mm and is used for testing the temperature distribution of a cutter scrap contact surface; and the distance between the other blind hole and the external surface of the cutter point is 0.2 to 0.5mm, an included angle between the axis of the blind hole and the front surface is 20 to 30 degrees, and the blind hole points to the inside of the blade. The cutter can realize multi-point measurement in the turning micro area, is high in dynamic property, micro area test property, dynamic temperature display property and test accuracy, and can well decouple heat generated in a cutting micro area.

Description

A kind of cutter with turning district temperature decoupling zero function

Technical field

The invention belongs to precision processing technology, be specifically related to a kind of cutter with turning district temperature decoupling zero function, this cutter utilizes high temperature optical fiber grating to realize multi-point sampler in the film micro area in turning district.

Background technology

In Tutrning Process, have two main thermal source districts, the first thermal source and Secondary Heat Source, be also called shear band thermal source and cutter bits contact thermal source.Known according to theory analysis, the first thermal source is less on the impact of cutter rake face Temperature Distribution, larger to point of a knife position influence.The impact of Secondary Heat Source tool setting bits contact-making surface is larger, less to other regional effects of cutter, if therefore can test accurately in real time first, second thermal source, has the larger meaning that affects so for the design of cutter key parameter and machined parameters optimization.Existing turning district temperature testing method, can be summarized as contact type measurement and non-contact measurement, comprises natural thermocouple method, artifical Thermocouple, infra-red radiation method and CCD camera method etc.These methods respectively have pluses and minuses, galvanic couple method test directly, simple, data are reliable but exist and arrange that galvanic couple difficulty is high, measure the poor problem of dynamic response, infraredly waits that the non-contact testing method response time is short, measurement category large but it is higher to environmental requirement to exist, the deficiencies such as more difficult and precision is poor are selected in measuring position.In addition, summarize above method of testing, the common shortcoming of existence is that the cutting temperature of test is mean temperature, can not carry out decoupling zero test to turning district temperature.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cutter with turning district temperature decoupling zero function, it can realize multimetering in turning film micro area, and dynamic characteristic is good, can to cutting microcell heat-dissipating, carry out decoupling zero preferably.

A kind of cutter with turning district temperature decoupling zero function provided by the invention, comprise turning knife bar and be arranged on the blade on turning knife bar, it is characterized in that: in blade, have two fine blind holes of test, all for arranging high temperature optical fiber grating, a blind hole is positioned under cutter rake face, another blind hole is also positioned at blade inside, and blind hole bottom is near position of tool tip.

Improvement as technique scheme, the axis of a described blind hole is perpendicular to cutting edge, and blind hole distance from bottom cutting edge 0.2 is to 0.8mm, and blind hole is 0.5 to 1.2mm apart from rake face, and deflect away from point of a knife 1 to 1.5mm position, for testing the Temperature Distribution of cutter bits contact-making surface.

As the further improvement of technique scheme, described another blind hole is apart from point of a knife outer surface 0.2 to 0.5mm, and blind hole axis and rake face angle are 20 to 30 °, and point to blade inside, for testing the Temperature Distribution in point of a knife region.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has following technique effect:

(1) the present invention realizes based on high temperature optical fiber grating sensing technique.Because high temperature optical fiber grating has less volume, and can in 2mm sensitive zones, realize multimetering, just can uniquely test out the temperature distribution state in cutting film micro area.

(2) the detection information of exporting due to high temperature optical fiber grating sensor is the variable quantity of the wavelength that measures, so variations in temperature has from reference to property; Because it usings optical signal as propagation medium, so the antijamming capability of measuring is strong; In whole test tool, owing to adopting unique high temperature optical fiber grating sensing arrangement, can be easy to the temperature in cutting microcell to carry out decoupling zero, this form structure is simple, operation and measurement result reliability high; Due to the blade information for different, different high temperature optical fiber grating arrangements is set, so the applicability of this cutter is strong.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the invention process schematic diagram.

Tu2Wei Wei turning district temperature decoupling principle figure.

The fine blind hole in Tu3Wei turning district is arranged key diagram.

In Fig. 1,2 and 3,1 represents turning tool rod, and 2 represent turning mechanical clamped cutting blade, and 3 represent the fine blind hole on mechanical clamped cutting blade, and 4 represent the first high temperature optical fiber grating, and 5 represent fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, and 6 represent the second high temperature optical fiber grating.

The specific embodiment

In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, mechanical clamped cutting blade 2 for turning is installed on turning tool rod 1, turning is with having fine blind hole 3 on mechanical clamped cutting blade, first, second high temperature optical fiber grating 4,6 is tested respectively first and second thermal source district Temperature Distribution situation, high temperature optical fiber grating 4 test the first thermal source heat-dissipatings (shear band thermal source), high temperature optical fiber grating 6 test Secondary Heat Sources (cutter bits contact-making surface thermal source).Typically, the diameter of fine blind hole is less than 1mm, and high temperature optical fiber grating refers to that environment preference temperature is more than or equal to the fiber grating of 700 ℃.

Fig. 2 is the temperature decoupling principle figure of turning of the present invention district temperature decoupling device and method, represented in the figure two-dimensional cutting, on Secondary Heat Source, arrange high temperature optical fiber grating, the temperature of test is only Secondary Heat Source heat-dissipating, and the highest temperature spot is departing from position of tool tip, the region that is positioned at smear metal moulding and goes out from rake face upper reaches.

Fig. 3 is that the fine blind hole in turning of the present invention district is arranged key diagram, in two fine blind holes, one is positioned under cutter rake face, blind hole axis is perpendicular to cutting edge, blind hole distance from bottom cutting edge 0.2mm, blind hole is 0.5mm apart from rake face, and deflects away from point of a knife 1mm position, for testing the Temperature Distribution of cutter bits contact-making surface.Another is also positioned at blade inside, and blind hole bottom is near position of tool tip, and apart from point of a knife outer surface 0.2mm, blind hole axis and rake face angle are 20 °, and point to blade inside.

High temperature optical fiber grating has wherein been arranged the grid of 5 different wave lengths on 2mm fiber lengths, that is to say the temperature independent test that can realize 5 points in 2mm fiber lengths.Before use, this fiber grating carries out temperature calibration in high-precision digital control high temperature furnace, draws the variation relation of different probe temperatures and each point reflection at peak, and each group temperature value test 5 times, then averages.In process of the invention process, the design of fine blind hole and processing are key points, according to the distribution characteristics in turning processing temperature region, the fine blind hole that is used for testing rake face temperature for encapsulating high temperature optical fiber grating need to design under cutter rake face, blind hole axis is perpendicular to cutting edge, blind hole distance from bottom cutting edge 0.2mm, the parallel rake face of blind hole also deflects away from distance for 0.5mm, and deflect away from point of a knife 1mm position, this is because the rake face of blade is not a plane completing, on different blade rake faces, there is different types of chip curling groove, in design process, to avoid the degree of depth of chip curling groove.Another fine blind hole is positioned at blade inside, blind hole bottom is near position of tool tip, apart from point of a knife outer surface 0.2mm, blind hole axis and rake face angle are 20 °, and point to blade inside, the temperature of high temperature optical fiber grating test point of a knife point in test process, as model mapping and analysis, can construct the temperature of shear band thermal source by the hot analyser of machining.In the processing of fine blind hole, select turning tool rod and the turning insert of coupling, test related data on three coordinate measuring machine, constructs the Space geometric parameter of blade, sets up mathematical model, and transfers to high-precision machine tool to carry out processing and implementation.

Before test, fine blind hole will be used alcohol to carry out cleaning repeatedly, guarantees that in hole, the impurity such as chipless, greasy dirt is residual, utilizes special installation that high-temp glue is squeezed in fine blind hole, and then fiber grating is implanted wherein, guarantee that grating fully contacts with high temperature colloid.The high-temp glue of selecting has good heat-resisting quantity, and fabulous thermal conductivity has good stability to variations in temperature colloid volume.In the process of encapsulation, should constantly pay close attention to, prevent that fiber grating is by mechanical damage.

During measurement, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 5 can send laser, and laser is along transferring to corresponding optical fiber grating sensing region along optical fiber 4 and 6 respectively.When laser arrives while being positioned at the grid of test section, because the temperature in process raises, fiber grating is heated and the drift of wavelength occurs, according to formula λ _b=2 η Λ, are reflected back optical fiber grating demodulation instrument 5 by the light of different wave length, and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 5 carries out demodulation after receiving reverberation, and output wave long value in digital form.

After measurement, the digital information of exporting by fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 5 is calculated respectively the reverberation wavelength variable quantity in the grating section on optical fiber 4 and 6, extrapolate the strain that two grating sections occur, then calculate on two optical fiber the temperature value of different optical grating points in corresponding grating section according to the fiber grating heat of demarcating in advance and the relation formula of strain.

The above is preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention should not be confined to the disclosed content of this embodiment and accompanying drawing.So every, do not depart from the equivalence completing under spirit disclosed in this invention or revise, all falling into the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. a cutter with turning district temperature decoupling zero function, is characterized in that, has two fine blind holes of test in blade, all for arranging high temperature optical fiber grating, a blind hole is positioned under cutter rake face, and another blind hole is also positioned at blade inside, and blind hole bottom is near position of tool tip; The diameter of described fine blind hole is less than 1mm, and described high temperature optical fiber grating refers to that environment preference temperature is more than or equal to the fiber grating of 700 ℃;

The axis of a described blind hole is perpendicular to cutting edge, and blind hole distance from bottom cutting edge 0.2 is to 0.8mm, and blind hole is 0.5 to 1.2mm apart from rake face, and deflects away from point of a knife 1 to 1.5mm position, for testing the Temperature Distribution of cutter bits contact-making surface;

Described another blind hole is apart from point of a knife outer surface 0.2 to 0.5mm, and blind hole axis and rake face angle are 20 to 30 °, and point to blade inside, for testing the Temperature Distribution in point of a knife region.