CN102677640A - Step energy dissipater comprising reverse arc surfaces - Google Patents
Step energy dissipater comprising reverse arc surfaces Download PDFInfo
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- CN102677640A CN102677640A CN2012101668069A CN201210166806A CN102677640A CN 102677640 A CN102677640 A CN 102677640A CN 2012101668069 A CN2012101668069 A CN 2012101668069A CN 201210166806 A CN201210166806 A CN 201210166806A CN 102677640 A CN102677640 A CN 102677640A
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- cambered surface
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Abstract
The invention relates to a step energy dissipater comprising reverse arc surfaces. The step energy dissipater comprises a straight section and a special-shaped step section, wherein the straight section is tightly connected with a water inlet; the special-shaped step section is connected with the straight section; each step of the special-shaped step section comprises a run-off elevation inclined plane, a reverse arc surface connected with the run-off elevation inclined plane and a horizontal transitional surface connected with the reverse arc surface; the gradient of a bottom slope of the special-shaped step section is the same with that of a bottom slope of the straight section; a length ratio of the straight section to the special-shaped step section is 1:(1 to 10); all the steps of the special-shaped step section have the same length and height; and each step has the length L1 of 0.4 to 18 m and the height h1 of 0.5 to 3 m. A front aerator can be additionally arranged on the straight section so as to further improve the cavitation erosion resistance.
Description
Technical field
Flow big vast energy-dissipating installation in the invention belongs to, particularly a kind of ladder energy dissipater that is used for flood spillway (hole) or dam facing overflow.
Background technology
Stream energy dissipating in the energy dissipating mode of ladder belongs to changes the influence of border roughness in addition because of its structure particularity causes water flow structure; Current self turbulent fluctuation strengthens, and easy formation is revolved and rolled, and drives produce power dissipation whirlpool; Very easily realize the conversion of potential energy to turbulent fluctuation ability and heat energy, effect of energy dissipation is good; And it is practical, and required financial cost is low, easy construction, easy access, and therefore, development prospect is very wide.Tradition evenly continuously " one " shape ladder (being called for short traditional ladder) receives general favorable comment in practical engineering application, but along with the development of China's hydraulic engineering, the compliance variation of traditional ladder, its drawback manifests gradually.Analyze reason, over nearly 10 years, the large hydraulic engineering of China all presents the characteristic in the big storehouse of high dam, and is corresponding increasing in the requirement and the difficulty of flood-discharge energy-dissipating link with it, shows according to statistics, lets out discharge per unit width at 50m under traditional ladder is used for
3During the above current of/s-m, not enough below existing: 1, energy dissipation rate obviously descends, and eliminates the reduction with the obvious advantage of most of potential energy along journey; 2, letdown flow increases, and current increase rapidly through out-of-date flow velocity on the cascaded surface, are just known by the conservation of energy, and pressure falls sharply, and this trend increases the possibility that cavitation erosion takes place suddenly.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of ladder energy dissipater that contains anti-cambered surface, improving water flow structure, strengthen effect of energy dissipation, reduce or avoid cavitation erosion.
The ladder energy dissipater that contains anti-cambered surface according to the invention; Comprise straight section of being right after water inlet, with straight section special-shaped ladder section of joining; The ladders at different levels of said special-shaped ladder section are by forming along sloping formula inclined-plane, the horizontal transition face that joins with the anti-cambered surface of joining along sloping formula inclined-plane, with anti-cambered surface; The base slope gradient of abnormity ladder section is identical with straight section the base slope gradient, straight section length: the length of special-shaped ladder section=1: 1 ~ 10.
The ladder energy dissipater that contains anti-cambered surface according to the invention can be set up preposition aerator at straight section, with the anti-cavitation erosion ability of further raising.
The above-mentioned ladder energy dissipater that contains anti-cambered surface, the step length at different levels of its special-shaped ladder section are identical with highly, the length L of ladders at different levels
1Be 0.4 m ~ 18m, the height h of ladders at different levels
1Be 0.5 m ~ 3m.
The above-mentioned ladder energy dissipater that contains anti-cambered surface, the suitable sloping formula inclined-plane of the ladders at different levels of its special-shaped ladder section is identical with the angle of vertical guide, and anti-cambered surface radius is identical, and horizontal transition face length degree is identical, and the suitable sloping formula inclined-plane of ladders at different levels and the angle β of vertical guide do
5 ° ~ 60 °, the anti-cambered surface radius R of ladders at different levels is 0.5m ~ 5m, the horizontal transition face length degree L of ladders at different levels
2Be 0.2m ~ 2m.
Test shows, the adverse slope formula ladder section of above-mentioned adverse slope formula ladder energy dissipater and straight section base slope inclination angle theta=8 ° ~ and 65 °.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the anti-cambered surface in the ladder energy dissipater that contains anti-cambered surface according to the invention can be current provides centripetal force, is beneficial to whirlpool and forms, and main whirlpool size increases; And drive the ambient water body and form secondary whirlpool, thereby the water flow inside turbulent fluctuation aggravation that dissipates on the single-stage ladder, energy dissipation rate improves; Again through adding up step by step along journey; Whole energy dissipation rate effectively promotes, and compares with traditional ladder energy dissipater, and energy dissipation rate improves 5% ~ 20% at least.
2, the suitable sloping formula inclined-plane in the ladder energy dissipater that contains anti-cambered surface according to the invention can reduce or avoid cavitation erosion, and its gradient is adapted to different actual engineerings.
3, the salient angle that the horizontal transition face in the ladder energy dissipater that contains anti-cambered surface according to the invention can the passivation ladder, the application life of improving ladder.
4, the ladder energy dissipater that contains anti-cambered surface according to the invention, build are prone to optimize, and it is workable to construct, and can be widely used in various hydraulic engineerings.
5, the ladder energy dissipater that contains anti-cambered surface according to the invention, under the less situation of incoming flow, only this structure itself just can satisfy engineering demand; Along with the increase of incoming flow, cooperate preposition aerator can protect preceding what easy ladder that cavitation erosion takes place, its scope of application is increased.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the first kind of structural representation that contains the ladder energy dissipater of anti-cambered surface according to the invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the second kind of structural representation that contains the ladder energy dissipater of anti-cambered surface according to the invention, and straight section is provided with preposition aerator;
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the mechanism of energy dissipation sketch map that contains the ladder energy dissipater of anti-cambered surface according to the invention.
Among the figure, base slope inclination angle, the L of the suitable sloping formula inclined-plane of 1-straight section, 2-special-shaped ladder section, 3-ladder, the anti-cambered surface of 4-ladder, the horizontal transition face of 5-ladder, 6-abutment wall, 7-preposition aerator, θ---special-shaped ladder section and straight section
1The length of-single-stage ladder, h
1Angle, the radius of R-anti-cambered surface, the L of the height of-single-stage ladder, β-suitable sloping formula inclined-plane and vertical guide
2-horizontal transition face length degree, i-preposition aerator slope ratio, h
2-preposition aerator height, B-flood spillway or dam facing overflow width (ladder width).
The specific embodiment
Through embodiment the ladder energy dissipater that contains anti-cambered surface according to the invention is described further below.Following each embodiment is according to certain Hydropower station pivotal engineering design, and said power station catchment area is 5800km
2, factory site control sets water area is 6350 km
2Power station flood spillway maximum functional head 150m, maximum letdown flow 980m
3/ s, design flood spillway or dam facing overflow width B=10m, maximum discharge per unit width 98m
3/ s.m.
In the present embodiment, contain structure such as Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2 of the ladder energy dissipater of anti-cambered surface, comprise straight section 1 that is right after water inlet; With straight section special-shaped ladder section 2 of joining; Apart from 17m, apart from 108m, special-shaped ladder section is identical with straight section the base slope gradient between said special-shaped ladder section 2 pile No. between said straight section 1 pile No.; The inclination angle theta of its base slope is 18.4 °, discharge per unit width 80m
3/ s.m is provided with abutment wall 6.The ladders at different levels of said special-shaped ladder section 2 are by forming along sloping formula inclined-plane 3, the horizontal transition face 5 that joins with the anti-cambered surface 4 of joining along sloping formula inclined-plane, with anti-cambered surface; Step length at different levels are identical with highly; Identical along sloping formula inclined-plane with the angle of vertical guide; Anti-cambered surface radius is identical, and horizontal transition face length degree is identical, step length L
1=7.5m, ladder height h
1=2.5m, along angle β=45 of sloping formula inclined-plane and vertical guide °, anti-cambered surface radius R=5m, horizontal transition face length degree L
2=2m.
Experimental test shows: compare with " one " font of equal build tradition ladder that (letting out discharge per unit width down is 80m
3/ s.m), and the whole fluid stable of the ladder energy dissipater that contains anti-cambered surface in the present embodiment, it is stronger that the turbulent fluctuation on the single-stage ladder and revolving is rolled, and energy dissipation rate improves 10%, is about 84%.
In the present embodiment, contain structure such as Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4 of the ladder energy dissipater of anti-cambered surface.Be straight section 1 with embodiment 1 difference and be provided with preposition aerator 7.Said preposition aerator is arranged on the 1st grade of special-shaped ladder starting point 7m place of distance, and its slope is than for i=1:3, and its lateral vertical is in straight section, highly h
2=0.5m.
Experimental test shows: compare with " one " font of equal build tradition ladder that (letting out discharge per unit width down is 80m
3/ s.m), and the whole fluid stable of the ladder energy dissipater that contains anti-cambered surface in the present embodiment, it is stronger that the turbulent fluctuation on the single-stage ladder and revolving is rolled, and energy dissipation rate improves 12%, is about 86%, and preceding 3 ~ 5 grades of ladder cavitation erosion situation are obviously improved, and negative pressure value reduces 35%.
In the present embodiment, contain structure such as Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2 of the ladder energy dissipater of anti-cambered surface, comprise straight section 1 that is right after water inlet; With straight section special-shaped ladder section 2 of joining; Apart from 4m, apart from 20m, special-shaped ladder section is identical with straight section the base slope gradient between said special-shaped ladder section 2 pile No. between said straight section 1 pile No.; The inclination angle theta of its base slope is 60 °, discharge per unit width 80m
3/ s.m is provided with abutment wall 6.The ladders at different levels of said special-shaped ladder section 2 are by forming along sloping formula inclined-plane 3, the horizontal transition face 5 that joins with the anti-cambered surface 4 of joining along sloping formula inclined-plane, with anti-cambered surface; Step length at different levels are identical with highly; Identical along sloping formula inclined-plane with the angle of vertical guide; Anti-cambered surface radius is identical, and horizontal transition face length degree is identical, step length L
1=1.75m, ladder height h
1=3m, along angle β=30 of sloping formula inclined-plane and vertical guide °, anti-cambered surface radius R=2m, horizontal transition face length degree L
2=0.2m.
Experimental test shows: compare with " one " font of equal build tradition ladder that (letting out discharge per unit width down is 80m
3/ s.m), and the whole fluid stable of the ladder energy dissipater that contains anti-cambered surface in the present embodiment, it is stronger that the turbulent fluctuation on the single-stage ladder and revolving is rolled, and energy dissipation rate improves 10%, is about 84%.
Claims (9)
1. ladder energy dissipater that contains anti-cambered surface; Comprise straight section (1) being right after water inlet; It is characterized in that also comprising the special-shaped ladder section (2) of joining with straight section; The ladders at different levels of said special-shaped ladder section (2) are by forming along sloping formula inclined-plane (3), the horizontal transition face (5) that joins with the anti-cambered surface (4) of joining along sloping formula inclined-plane, with anti-cambered surface; The base slope gradient of abnormity ladder section (2) is identical with the base slope gradient of straight section (1), straight section length: the length of special-shaped ladder section=1: 1 ~ 10.
2. according to the said ladder energy dissipater that contains anti-cambered surface of claim 1, it is characterized in that the step length at different levels of said special-shaped ladder section are identical with highly, the length L of ladders at different levels
1Be 0.4m ~ 18m, the height h of ladders at different levels
1Be 0.5 m ~ 3m.
3. according to the said ladder energy dissipater that contains anti-cambered surface of claim 1; The suitable sloping formula inclined-plane of ladders at different levels that it is characterized in that said special-shaped ladder section is identical with the angle of vertical guide; Anti-cambered surface radius is identical, and horizontal transition face length degree is identical, and the suitable sloping formula inclined-plane of ladders at different levels and the angle β of vertical guide are 5 ° ~ 60 °; The anti-cambered surface radius R of ladders at different levels is 0.5m ~ 5m, the horizontal transition face length degree L of ladders at different levels
2Be 0.2 m ~ 2m.
4. according to claim 1 or the 2 said ladder energy dissipaters that contain anti-cambered surface, it is characterized in that base slope inclination angle theta=8 ° of special-shaped ladder section (2) and straight section (1) ~ 65 °.
5. according to the said ladder energy dissipater that contains anti-cambered surface of claim 3, it is characterized in that base slope inclination angle theta=8 ° of special-shaped ladder section (2) and straight section (1) ~ 65 °.
6. according to claim 1 or the 2 said ladder energy dissipaters that contain anti-cambered surface, it is characterized in that said straight section (1) is provided with preposition aerator (4).
7. according to the said adverse slope formula of claim 3 ladder energy dissipater, it is characterized in that said straight section (1) is provided with preposition aerator (4).
8. according to the said adverse slope formula of claim 4 ladder energy dissipater, it is characterized in that said straight section (1) is provided with preposition aerator (4).
9. according to the said adverse slope formula of claim 5 ladder energy dissipater, it is characterized in that said straight section (1) is provided with preposition aerator (4).
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| CN201210166806.9A CN102677640B (en) | 2012-05-25 | 2012-05-25 | Step energy dissipater comprising reverse arc surfaces |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210166806.9A CN102677640B (en) | 2012-05-25 | 2012-05-25 | Step energy dissipater comprising reverse arc surfaces |
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| CN102677640B CN102677640B (en) | 2014-11-26 |
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Cited By (9)
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| CN102912772A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2013-02-06 | 中国水电顾问集团中南勘测设计研究院 | Discharge chute |
| CN102966082A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-03-13 | 中国水电顾问集团西北勘测设计研究院 | Aeration facility with downward-bent base slab |
| CN105714747A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-06-29 | 河海大学 | Stepped energy dissipator with convex bodies and flow diffusers and energy dissipation method |
| CN105756022A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-07-13 | 河海大学 | Method for preventing water of release structure from over-step flowing and stepped energy dissipater |
| CN106702978A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-05-24 | 河海大学 | Low-overflow dam equal-water head step-by-step energy dissipation structure |
| CN107022987A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-08-08 | 福建省水利水电勘测设计研究院 | High dam spillwag chute jet vectoring structure |
| CN107513986A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2017-12-26 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of multi-level cone shape sand discharge energy dissipator |
| CN109629535A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-04-16 | 中水淮河规划设计研究有限公司 | A kind of combined energy dissipater |
| CN111910587A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-10 | 河南省水利第二工程局 | Special-shaped overflow weir |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102912772A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2013-02-06 | 中国水电顾问集团中南勘测设计研究院 | Discharge chute |
| CN102966082A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-03-13 | 中国水电顾问集团西北勘测设计研究院 | Aeration facility with downward-bent base slab |
| CN105714747A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-06-29 | 河海大学 | Stepped energy dissipator with convex bodies and flow diffusers and energy dissipation method |
| CN105756022A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-07-13 | 河海大学 | Method for preventing water of release structure from over-step flowing and stepped energy dissipater |
| CN105756022B (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2017-11-03 | 河海大学 | Outlet structure escape works current are bypassed the immediate leadership the prevention and controls and ladder energy dissipater of flowing |
| CN106702978A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-05-24 | 河海大学 | Low-overflow dam equal-water head step-by-step energy dissipation structure |
| CN107022987A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-08-08 | 福建省水利水电勘测设计研究院 | High dam spillwag chute jet vectoring structure |
| CN107022987B (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2023-12-22 | 福建省水利水电勘测设计研究院有限公司 | High dam overflow surface jet control structure |
| CN107513986A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2017-12-26 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of multi-level cone shape sand discharge energy dissipator |
| CN109629535A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-04-16 | 中水淮河规划设计研究有限公司 | A kind of combined energy dissipater |
| CN111910587A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-10 | 河南省水利第二工程局 | Special-shaped overflow weir |
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