CN102642883A - System for desalinating seawater by waste heat from power plant - Google Patents
System for desalinating seawater by waste heat from power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN102642883A CN102642883A CN2012101381590A CN201210138159A CN102642883A CN 102642883 A CN102642883 A CN 102642883A CN 2012101381590 A CN2012101381590 A CN 2012101381590A CN 201210138159 A CN201210138159 A CN 201210138159A CN 102642883 A CN102642883 A CN 102642883A
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 200
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical group O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 176
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 49
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000007701 flash-distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
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- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003902 seawater pollution Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 3
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a system for desalinating seawater by waste heat from a power plant. The system comprises a condenser circulating seawater taking branch system, a seawater multi-stage fresh evaporation branch system and a boiler smoke waste heat heating seawater circulating branch system which are divided according to the flow direction of seawater to be desalinated, and also comprises a vacuum pumping branch system, and a fresh water and seawater pollution discharge branch system, wherein the vacuum pumping branch system and the fresh water and seawater pollution discharge branch system are used as auxiliary systems connected with the seawater multi-stage fresh evaporation branch system. A multi-stage fresh evaporation method is adopted by the system. Because the waste heat of a condenser and boiler smoke of a power plant is utilized, energy sources needed for desalinating the seawater in a conventional distillation method are omitted, the operating cost in desalinating the seawater in a distillation method is reduced, and simultaneously the prepared fresh water is distilled water which can be partially used as supplementing water for the boiler of the power plant, the treatment cost for softening water in the power plant is saved, energy is saved, and the environment is protected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the sea water desaltination field, particularly a kind of system that utilizes residual heat of electric power plant to desalinize seawater.
Background technology
The method of sea water desaltination is a lot, can accomplish to maximize with industrialization mainly be embrane method and Re Fa.Embrane method is called reverse osmosis method again, and it is a principle of having utilized osmotic pressure.This method utilizes semi-permeable membranes to reach fresh water and the isolating purpose of salt.Under normal conditions, semi-permeable membranes allows the solvent in the solution to pass through, and does not allow solute to see through.Because the seawater saliferous is high, if with semi-permeable membranes seawater and freshwater is separated, fresh water can be diffused into a side of seawater through semi-permeable membranes, thereby the liquid level of seawater one side is raise, and produces pressure up to certain height, and fresh water is no longer spread.This process is infiltration.If act in a diametrically opposite way, obtain fresh water, as long as the seawater in the semi-permeable membranes is pressed, the fresh water in the seawater is penetrated into outside the semi-permeable membranes, and the salt tunicle is blocked in the seawater, Here it is reverse osmosis method.Its major advantage is for saving the energy.
Hot method is commonly used is divided into distillation method and flash method again.Distillation method is generally low temperature multiple-effect distillation, and its primary device is called vaporizer.In vaporizer, seawater is steam heated to temperature of saturation, and evaporates portion water steam, promptly is fresh water after the water recovery.Flash method is the principle through flash distillation, and promptly seawater can flash off a part of steam from the low environment of high environment to the pressure of pressure, with promptly being fresh water after this part vapor condenses.It compares advantage with reverse osmosis method be that the water quality of gained fresh water is higher, and shortcoming is bigger for the energy that consumes.
China's Coastal Areas is populous, and industry is flourishing, and the convenient transportation of bunker coal and a large amount of waters are considered in a lot of fuel-burning power plant, and a lot of addressings are near the seashore.A large amount of waters in fuel-burning power plant comprise two parts, and a part is needed pure water and system self water that burns till steam of boiler, the fresh water of this part for handling; Another part is the recirculated water of cooling exhaust steam in steam turbine, and this part can be river or seawater; Be condensed into water to the exhaust steam in steam turbine after the acting in the condenser of recirculated water behind turbine; The latent heat that the exhaust steam condensation is emitted is taken away by this part recirculated water; Fuel-burning power plant for the seashore; Recirculated water after this part heats up directly enters marine, causes very big energy dissipation, yet does not also have fine, feasible method for the utilization of this low-temperature heat source at present.
About about 40 ℃ of the seawater recirculated water that condenser comes out; If temperature is carried out flash distillation and produced fresh water thus, output all is very low with your efficient, supposes to utilize 10 ℃ of temperature difference to come flash distillation to produce fresh water; Its enthalpy drop is merely 42kj/kg; Therefore every kilogram of 40 ℃ of seawater come flash distillation fresh water amount only to be about 0.017kg, if consider its power consumption cost again, it is uneconomic beyond doubt to produce fresh water with this.
Condenser waste heat compared to above-mentioned power plant; The waste heat of boiler of power plant; Though amount does not have the condenser waste heat many; But the grade of energy is high, and we know contains sour gas in the boiler smoke, and they can flow through each heating surface of boiler until in thionizer, being removed with the gasiform form when cigarette temperature was high.When the cigarette temperature was lower than a certain temperature, they can be combined into sulfuric acid and corrode heat-exchange equipment with the water vapour in the flue gas; Reveal corrosion for the acid of avoiding heated surface at the end of boiler, the exhaust gas temperature design is higher usually, about about 140 ℃ of station boiler funnel temperature, and this part of heat energy must improve the efficient of sea water desaltination if can cooperate condenser to carry out sea water desaltination.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve provides a kind of residual heat of electric power plant system that desalinizes seawater that utilizes, and utilizes used heat and the residual heat from boiler fume of plant condenser recirculated water to carry out flash distillation and produces fresh water, can reduce the cost of producing fresh water like this, saves the energy.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of residual heat of electric power plant system that desalinizes seawater that utilizes comprises:
Condenser circulating seawer water intaking sub-system connects the water outlet hydroecium of assembling the condenser water outlet;
Seawater MSF sub-system; Comprise a plurality of flash tanks; Be respectively first step flash tank, second stage flash tank ... N level flash tank, the seawater that accumulates in said condenser water outlet hydroecium gets into the condensation tube bank of the condensation tube bank of N-1 level flash tank, N-2 level flash tank ... The condensation tube bank of first step flash tank; The condensation tube bank of N level flash tank connects the final stage cooling system in addition;
Residual heat from boiler fume heating cycle seawater sub-system; Comprise flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus; Said flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus is located in the flue; Get into first step flash tank tank body, second stage flash tank tank body behind the said flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus of seawater process from first step flash tank condensation tube bank ... Until N level flash tank tank body, seawater flash distillation in each flash tank contacts the back with the condensation tube bank of each flash tank and forms fresh water;
Vacuumize sub-system, the said sub-system that vacuumizes comprises vaccum-pumping equipment, and said vaccum-pumping equipment is connected with each flash tank tank body;
Fresh water and seawater blowdown sub-system comprise fresh water pipeline and blowdown seawater pipeline, and said fresh water pipeline is connected with the water outlet of each flash tank, and the seawater of flash distillation is not through getting into the blowdown seawater pipeline behind the N level flash tank tank body.
Condenser circulating seawer water intaking sub-system of the present invention; The seawater that wherein need desalinate is from the recirculated water of fuel-burning power plant condenser, and condenser circulating seawer water intake system comprises: Condenser Top tube bank, dividing plate, water outlet collector, filter screen, sea water preprocessing device, water intaking pump; Said Condenser Top tube bank is positioned at the top of condenser, and the leaving water temperature(LWT) of recirculated water wants high compared to the temperature of the tube bank at other position of condenser here; Dividing plate and water outlet collector are separated recirculated water and other recirculated water that will take out, and make it get into the water outlet collector; The water outlet collector links to each other with filter screen, sea water preprocessing device, water intaking pump successively, makes the seawater entering MSF system after the heating.
Seawater MSF sub-system of the present invention comprises one or more seawater flash tanks (being illustrated as Pyatyi); Wherein each flash tank is connected in series; The need that the sea water preprocessing device comes desalinize seawater and flow into fourth stage flash tank condensation tube bank, third stage flash tank condensation tube bank, second stage flash tank condensation tube bank, first step flash tank condensation tube bank successively by the pressurization of water intaking pump, remove the residual heat from boiler fume retrieving arrangement then; Seawater after the heating goes flash distillation in the flash tank again, flows to first step flash tank, vacuum breaker, second stage flash tank, vacuum breaker, third stage flash tank, vacuum breaker, fourth stage flash tank, vacuum breaker, level V flash tank by vacuum breaker successively; Fresh water water outlets at different levels also are connected successively;
The flash tank of seawater MSF sub-system of the present invention comprises flash tank condensation tube bank, balanced ventilation mouth, fresh water water outlet, flash tank tank body, steam purifier, is connected with vacuum breaker between the double flash evaporation tank;
Level V flash tank of the present invention is connected with and vacuumizes sub-system, fresh water and seawater blowdown sub-system, final stage cooling system; Pumped vacuum systems comprises a vacuum pumping pump, and vacuum meter is kept the vacuum tightness in the flash tank, and pumped vacuum systems is connected with balanced ventilation mouth on the level V flash tank.Fresh water and seawater blowdown sub-system comprise fresh water transfer pump, seawater residual sea water pump, and the fresh water water outlet is connected on fresh water transfer pump and the level V flash tank, and the seawater residual sea water pump is connected with vacuum breaker on the level V flash tank; The final stage cooling system is connected with level V flash tank condensation tube bank, and the water coolant of final stage cooling system is that recirculated water advances, the female pipe of backwater internal recycle seawater.
Residual heat from boiler fume heating cycle seawater sub-system of the present invention, when adopting corrosion-resistant flue gas waste heat recovery device form, thermal source is the boiler exhaust gas waste heat, and corrosion-resistant flue gas waste heat recovery device is taked boiler economizer structure formation, and material adopts the acid-resistant corrosion material.
Corrosion-resistant its material of flue gas waste heat recovery device of residual heat from boiler fume heating cycle seawater sub-system of the present invention also can be the plain carbon stool material, specifically decides according to boiler smoke acid dew point height;
Residual heat from boiler fume heating cycle seawater sub-system of the present invention, residual heat from boiler fume retrieving arrangement can also be divided into residual heat from boiler fume and reclaim heat release section and two parts of residual heat from boiler fume recovery endotherm section, and thermal source is a residual heat from boiler fume; Circulatory mediator is the saturation steam of high temperature circulation water or natural circulation between two parts of flue gas waste heat recovery heat release section and flue gas waste heat recovery endotherm section.
The present invention can be according to the processing power of sea water desaltination, and the high temperature section that extracts part recirculated water cooperates the waste heat recovery of boiler smoke, carries out MSF; Produce fresh water; Replenishing the required fresh water of power plant self, is simple distillation water because of the fresh water of obtaining simultaneously, saves the cost of water treatment of power-plant makeup; Reclaim residual heat of electric power plant, energy-saving and emission-reduction.
The present invention perhaps can adopt following technical scheme:
A kind of residual heat of electric power plant system that desalinizes seawater that utilizes comprises:
Condenser circulating seawer water intaking sub-system connects the water outlet hydroecium of assembling the condenser water outlet;
Seawater flash distillation sub-system comprises flash tank, and the seawater that accumulates in said condenser water outlet hydroecium gets into the flash tank tank body, and the condensation tube bank of said flash tank connects cooling system in addition, and seawater is flash distillation in flash tank, contacts the back with the condensation tube bank of flash tank and forms fresh water;
Vacuumize sub-system, the said sub-system that vacuumizes comprises vaccum-pumping equipment, and said vaccum-pumping equipment is connected with the flash tank tank body;
Fresh water and seawater blowdown sub-system comprise fresh water pipeline and blowdown seawater pipeline, and said fresh water pipeline is connected with the vapor-recovery unit on flash tank top, and the seawater of flash distillation does not get into the blowdown seawater pipeline.
The present invention also can utilize the plant condenser waste heat to desalinize seawater separately, comprises the condenser in fuel-burning power plant and is attached thereto the water intake system that connects; Also comprise a flash tank and the coupled pumped vacuum systems that connects, steam and condensate system and drainage; Condenser and being attached thereto on the water intake system pipeline that connects can also install (also can not installing additional) auxiliary heating system additional, and thermal source is the other forms of used heat of power plant, and the hot sea water that condenser is come out heats, and conveniently produces fresh water; Flash tank also comprises utility appliance such as flap and drainage, and flap act as seawater and the good fresh water of condensation of separating not flash distillation; When the seawater of not flash distillation reached certain liquid level, seawater was drained from drainage.Flash tank and coupled steam and condensate system, steam and condensate system mainly comprise the water coolant tube bank, and water coolant is the low-temperature circulating water of power plant.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be the present invention relates to utilize the desalinize seawater schematic diagram of system of residual heat of electric power plant.
Fig. 2 the present invention relates to land productivity with the desalinize seawater synoptic diagram of single flash tank in the system of residual heat of electric power plant.
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram that utilizes the condenser recirculated water sub-system that the residual heat of electric power plant system of desalinizing seawater comprises that the present invention relates to.
Fig. 4 be the present invention relates to utilize the desalinize seawater synoptic diagram of a kind of embodiment of flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus 1 of system of residual heat of electric power plant.
Fig. 5 be the present invention relates to utilize the desalinize seawater synoptic diagram of another kind of embodiment of flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus 1 of system of residual heat of electric power plant.
Fig. 6 be the present invention relates to utilize the desalinize seawater part synoptic diagram of condenser circulating seawer water intaking sub-system of system of residual heat of electric power plant.
Fig. 7 is utilize residual heat of electric power plant to desalinize seawater the systematic schematic diagram that single condenser waste heat of system desalinizes seawater that the present invention relates to.
Fig. 8 be the present invention relates to utilize the desalinize seawater synoptic diagram of auxiliary heating system 30 of system of residual heat of electric power plant.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, utilize the desalinize seawater schematic diagram of system of residual heat of electric power plant for what the present invention relates to.Utilize the residual heat of electric power plant system that desalinizes seawater, comprise the water intaking of condenser circulating seawer sub-system, seawater MSF sub-system, residual heat from boiler fume heating cycle seawater sub-system, vacuumize sub-system, fresh water and seawater blowdown sub-system.
Said condenser circulating seawer water intaking sub-system connects the water outlet hydroecium 22 of assembling the condenser water outlet.Said seawater MSF sub-system comprises a plurality of flash tanks, is respectively first step flash tank 3, second stage flash tank 4 ... N level flash tank.Referring to Fig. 2, for the present invention relates to land productivity with the desalinize seawater synoptic diagram of single flash tank in the system of residual heat of electric power plant.In conjunction with Fig. 1, the seawater that accumulates in said condenser water outlet hydroecium 22 gets into the condensation tube bank 15 of the condensation tube bank 15 of N-1 level flash tank, N-2 level flash tank ... The condensation tube bank 15 of first step flash tank 3; The condensation tube bank 15 of N level flash tank connects the final stage cooling system in addition.In the present embodiment, the MSF jar has Pyatyi, and seawater gets into from the condensation of fourth stage flash tank 6 tube bank 15, successively through the 3rd, second, the condensation tube bank 15 of first step flash tank 5,4,3.Said residual heat from boiler fume heating cycle seawater sub-system; Comprise flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus 1; Said flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus 1 is located in the flue gas flue; Seawater from first step flash tank 3 condensations tube bank 15 gets into first step flash tank tank body 18, second stage flash tank tank body 18 through said flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus 1 back ... Until N level flash tank tank body 18, in the present embodiment, seawater gets into first, second successively ... Level V flash tank tank body 18.Seawater flash distillation in each flash tank contacts the back with the condensation tube bank of each flash tank and forms fresh water.
The said sub-system that vacuumizes comprises vaccum-pumping equipment, and said vaccum-pumping equipment is connected with each flash tank tank body 18.Preferably, vaccum-pumping equipment comprises vacuum pumping pump 10 and a plurality of vacuum meters 13, and said vacuum pumping pump 10 is connected with N level flash tank, and said vacuum meter 13 is located in each flash tank.All be provided with balanced ventilation mouth 16 on said each flash tank, said vacuum pumping pump 10 is connected with the balanced ventilation mouth 16 of N level flash tank, and the balanced ventilation mouth 16 of other flash tank is located between the adjacent flash tank.
Said fresh water and seawater blowdown sub-system comprise fresh water pipeline and blowdown seawater pipeline, and said fresh water pipeline is connected with the water outlet of each flash tank, and the seawater of flash distillation does not get into the blowdown seawater pipeline through N level flash tank tank body 18 backs.
The residual heat of electric power plant system that desalinizes seawater that utilizes that the present invention relates to also comprises condenser recirculated water sub-system; Referring to Fig. 3; Said condenser recirculated water sub-system comprises the female pipe of recirculated water water inlet, the female pipe of recirculated water backwater; The female pipe of said recirculated water water inlet connects the import (water inlet hydroecium 21) of said condenser 23 respectively; And the import of said final stage cooling system, the female pipe of said recirculated water backwater connects answer back (the backwater hydroecium 20) of said condenser 23, the outlet of the outlet of said final stage cooling system and said blowdown seawater pipeline respectively.
Referring to Fig. 4, utilize the desalinize seawater synoptic diagram of a kind of embodiment of flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus 1 of system of residual heat of electric power plant for what the present invention relates to.Said flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus 1 is tube bank, and the tube bank import from flue 101 gets into from the seawater of first step flash tank 3 condensations tube bank 15, after tube bank, exports out from the tube bank of flue 103.The material of the tube bank of said flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus 1 is acid-resistant corrosion material or common charcoal steel.
Flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus 1 can be another kind of form also, referring to Fig. 5, utilizes the desalinize seawater synoptic diagram of another kind of embodiment of flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus 1 of system of residual heat of electric power plant for what the present invention relates to.Said flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus 1 comprises heat release section 105 and endotherm section 104; Said heat release section 105 is connected with endotherm section 104; Form circulation line; Have circulatory mediator to flow in the pipeline, said endotherm section 104 is located in the flue, is heated the back from the seawater of first step flash tank 3 condensations tube bank 15 through said heat release section 105 and gets into first step flash tank tank body 18.Circulatory mediator is the saturation steam of high temperature circulation water or natural circulation.
Referring to Fig. 6, utilize the desalinize seawater part synoptic diagram of condenser circulating seawer water intaking sub-system of system of residual heat of electric power plant for what the present invention relates to.Be provided with dividing plate 222 in the water outlet hydroecium 22 of said condenser circulating seawer water intaking sub-system; And said dividing plate 222 is located at the top of said water outlet hydroecium 22; Said dividing plate 222 is isolated the bank of condenser pipes that and is connected with said seawater MSF sub-system through water outlet collector 221; The bank of condenser pipes of other water outlet concentrates on backwater hydroecium 20, through recirculated water main water outlet pipe and the female pipe coupling of recirculated water backwater.
Get back to Fig. 3, said condenser circulating seawer water intaking sub-system also comprises filter screen 19 and sea water preprocessing device 11, and the sea water filter net 19 of said pass-out water hydroecium 22, sea water preprocessing device 11 get into said seawater MSF sub-system.
Existing according to the flow process from the seawater to fresh water, set forth embodiment of the present invention:
As shown in Figure 3, condenser 23 is made up of a large amount of tube banks, and the intake low temperature seawater of female Guan Lai of recirculated water is walked in the tube bank; The exhaust steam that turbine comes is walked outside the pipe, and the exhaust steam that comes when turbine is during through cryogenic tube bundle, and waste heat is emitted in condensation rapidly; Self become the water of condensation well that reduces phlegm and internal heat, and the intake recirculated water of female Guan Lai of recirculated water has absorbed the exhaust steam condensation and emits waste heat, temperature raises; For general big-and-middle-sized Power Plant; Temperature generally near about 40 ℃, directly drained by the recirculated water main water outlet pipe by this part water, causes very big waste; The present invention is at water outlet hydroecium 22 tops; Separate the recirculated water of some Condenser Top tube banks 231 through dividing plate 222, draw seawater MSF sub-system by water outlet collector 221, dividing plate 222 radians are big as much as possible; No dead angle guarantees that the glueballs of cleaning condenser 23 can freely be come in and gone out.
The seawater recirculated water of water outlet collector 221, earlier through filtering net 19, but impurity in these filter screen 19 one side filtration cycle water; Can collect the glueballs that cleans condenser 23 on the one hand; After plant condenser 23 carried out the glueballs flushing, this filter screen 19 should be opened the taking-up glueballs, flushing.
Seawater is introduced into sea water preprocessing device 11, removes impurity such as silt at this, and then by in the water intaking pump 12 input MSF sub-systems; Circulating seawer about 40 ℃ is introduced into the flash tank condensation tube bank 15 in the fourth stage flash tank 6, and the circulating seawer of this moment is as the water coolant of fourth stage flash tank 6; The steam of condensation fourth stage flash tank 6 flash distillations; Absorb heat, self temperature raises, and suppose that rising is 45 ℃; And then remove the steam of third stage flash tank 5 condensation third stage flash tanks 5 flash distillations, and it is 50 ℃ that temperature raises, and flows successively, when when first step flash tank 3 condensations tube bank 15 is come out, needing the temperature of desalination circulating seawer this moment is 60 ℃.
The circulating seawer temperature that MSF comes is 60 ℃, gets into 1 heating of residual heat from boiler fume retrieving arrangement this moment again; Residual heat from boiler fume retrieving arrangement 1 of the present invention can be two kinds of structure formations, and one is corrosion-resistant flue gas waste heat recovery device 102 forms; Contain sour gas in the boiler of power plant flue gas and have corrodibility, so flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus 1 selects the corrosion-resistant material manufacturing for use, corrosion-resistant flue gas waste heat recovery device 102 is the economizer form structure, and its import connects flue 101, and outlet connects flue 103; Flue gas passes to the waste heat of flue gas from the next seawater of condenser 23 tube banks through corrosion-resistant flue gas waste heat recovery device 102; Can be known that by the technical background data funnel temperature of boiler is about about 140 ℃, according to the desalination output and the concrete boiler smoke amount of seawater, this moment, we were heated to circulating seawer about 80 ℃ at hypothesis.
If we calculate the characteristic of boiler smoke; We can obtain different smoke components; The temperature of its flue gas acid dew point; This moment is again according to the desalination output and the concrete boiler smoke amount of seawater, the temperature of arranging the suitable seawater that advances residual heat from boiler fume retrieving arrangement 1, and corrosion-resistant flue gas waste heat recovery device 102 can be selected common material manufacturing for use and can not revealed by boiler smoke acid and corrode this moment.
Be similarly and avoid boiler smoke acid to reveal corrosion; Flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus 1 can also be Fig. 5 form; Be divided into residual heat from boiler fume and reclaim 104 two parts of heat release section 105 and residual heat from boiler fume recovery endotherm section; Boiler smoke reclaims endotherm section 104 through residual heat from boiler fume, passes to circulatory mediator to fume afterheat---and the saturation steam of high temperature circulation water or natural circulation, high temperature circulation water reclaim the seawater that will heat heat transferred in the heat release section 105 at residual heat from boiler fume again; Getting back to flue gas waste heat recovery endotherm section 104 after the high temperature circulation water cooling again reheats; So circulation realizes passing to the seawater that the MSF system comes to the boiler of power plant fume afterheat, can prevent the acid dew corrosion of flue gas waste heat recovery endotherm section 104 through the temperature of Control Circulation medium.
Through 80 ℃ in the seawater after 1 heating of residual heat from boiler fume retrieving arrangement; Get into first step flash tank 3 by vacuum breaker 2 this moment and carry out flash distillation; The steam that produces is met flash tank condensation tube bank 15 through steam purifier 14 backs and is condensed into zero(ppm) water; Flow to the next stage flash tank by fresh water water outlet 17, take away by fresh water transfer pump 9 at level V flash tank 7 at last; The seawater of flash distillation does not flow to the next stage flash tank through vacuum breaker 2 and continues flash distillation, until level V flash tank 7, so the time the seawater temperature temperature lower, for obtaining more fresh water, come the steam of condensation flash distillation with the water coolant that recirculated water advances the female pipe of backwater this moment.
For the seawater flash distillation; The MSF jar need be kept certain vacuum tightness; This seawater desalination system is furnished with pumped vacuum systems, and pumped vacuum systems comprises a vacuum pumping pump 10, a plurality of vacuum meters 13; Keep the vacuum tightness in each flash tank, pumped vacuum systems is connected with balanced ventilation mouth 16 on the level V flash tank 7.Other balanced ventilation mouths 16 hold together the MSF jar between every double flash evaporation jar.
Because the MSF jar is interior to be negative pressure with respect to external atmosphere pressure, the fresh water of therefore producing all need be extracted by the pump additional pressure with the last not seawater of flash distillation, and the present invention is furnished with fresh water transfer pump 9, seawater residual sea water pump 8.
The power consumption of each pump of energy consumption that total system is total, other do not need the extra energy to add hot sea water, so energy-conserving and environment-protective, reduce the processing cost of sea water desaltination.The present invention is shown in Figure 1 only to be the sea water desaltination of part recirculated water; For maximizing and industrialization, can draw the recirculated water of whole water outlet hydroecium 22 and desalinate, its principle, system flow are the same with figure one; The present invention is merely the Pyatyi flash system; According to the fresh water treatment amount, residual heat of electric power plant reclaims scale, can be designed to a certain progression that needs in implementation process.
The residual heat of electric power plant system of desalinizing seawater that utilizes that the present invention relates to can also utilize the enforcement that desalinizes seawater of condenser waste heat separately.Referring to Fig. 7, the systematic schematic diagram that desalinizes seawater for single condenser waste heat.Comprise the water intaking of condenser circulating seawer sub-system, seawater flash distillation sub-system, vacuumize sub-system, fresh water and seawater blowdown sub-system.Said condenser circulating seawer water intaking sub-system connects water outlet hydroecium 22, the filter screen of assembling condenser 23 water outlets.Said seawater flash distillation sub-system comprises flash tank; In the present embodiment; Flash tank can be single; The seawater that accumulates in said condenser 23 water outlet hydroeciums 22 gets into the flash tank tank body through filter screen, and the condensation tube bank 26 of said flash tank connects cooling system in addition, and the circulatory mediator in the said cooling system is low-temperature circulating water or boiler low-temperature supplementary feed.Seawater flash distillation in flash tank 27 contacts the back with the condensation tube bank 26 of flash tank 27 and forms fresh water.The said sub-system that vacuumizes comprises vaccum-pumping equipment, and said vaccum-pumping equipment is connected with flash tank 27 tank bodies.Preferably, the said vaccum-pumping equipment that vacuumizes sub-system comprises vacuum pumping pump 25, and said vacuum pumping pump 25 is connected with the top of flash tank 27.Said fresh water and seawater blowdown sub-system comprise fresh water pipeline and blowdown seawater pipeline, and said fresh water pipeline is connected with the vapor-recovery unit on flash tank 27 tops, and the seawater of flash distillation does not get into the blowdown seawater pipeline through residual sea water pump 31.
This form also comprises condenser recirculated water sub-system; Said condenser recirculated water sub-system comprises the female pipe of recirculated water water inlet, the female pipe of recirculated water backwater; The female pipe of said recirculated water water inlet is through the import of the said cooling system of valve 24 connections, and the female pipe of said recirculated water backwater connects the outlet of cooling system through valve 24.
Be provided with dividing plate 222 in the water outlet hydroecium 22 of condenser circulating seawer water intaking sub-system; And said dividing plate 222 is located at the top of said water outlet hydroecium 22; Said dividing plate 222 is isolated the bank of condenser pipes that and is connected with said seawater flash distillation sub-system, and other water outlet bank of condenser pipes is through recirculated water main water outlet pipe and the female pipe coupling of recirculated water backwater.
In addition; Said condenser circulating seawer water intaking sub-system also comprises the boosting sub-system; Said boosting sub-system comprises tube still heater 301; The seawater of said water outlet hydroecium 22 gets into said flash tank 27 through said tube still heater 301 heating backs, and the thermal source of said tube still heater 301 is the waste hot steam of power plant.
The present invention can insert 40 ℃ the circulating seawer that steam trap comes in the flash tank 27, and the circulating seawer about 40 ℃ is in flash tank 27, because pressure sharply reduces flash distillation rapidly; Steam upwards through condensation tube bank 26, is condensed into fresh water, reaches the isolating purpose of fresh water and salinity; Water of condensation falls into the vapour-condensing equipment for recovering 28 on flash tank 27 tops, is drawn by pipeline again, can also can make other purposes as the supplementary feed of thermal power plant self feedwater; The unevaporated seawater of part directly enters in the female pipe of recirculated water backwater in the circulating seawer; Low temperature cold source as condensed steam can be a fraction of low-temperature circulating water, also can be for the boiler low-temperature supplementary feed, its temperature should be lower than the flash vaporization point of circulating seawer.
In order to make the circulating seawer flash distillation, need keep certain vacuum tightness in the flash tank 27, suppose that the circulating seawer temperature of entering flash tank 27 is 40 ℃, the pressure of its corresponding saturation water is P
40, therefore, this moment, flash tank 27 interior absolute pressures should be less than P
40, make the circulating seawer explosive evaporatoin.Vacuum tightness in the flash tank 27 is provided by vacuum pump and keeps, and also siphons away discharge in the lump by vacuum pump for the incondensable gas that is mixed with in the flash tank 27.
In water intake system, can also increase by an auxiliary heating system 30, the seawater recirculated water reheat that comes from condenser 23 tube banks; Auxiliary heating system 30 can be structure shown in Figure 8: comprise tubular heat exchange; The seawater that water fetching device comes is sent in the flash tank 27 by water intaking pump 29 after heating through tube still heater 301 again; The thermal source of tube still heater 301 is the waste hot steam of power plant; Seawater after the heating is for preventing fouling, and temperature is unsuitable too high, generally is lower than 100 ℃.
The total energy consumption of total system is the power consumption that vacuum pump adds the water intaking pump, and other do not need the extra energy to add hot sea water, so energy-conserving and environment-protective, reduces the processing cost of sea water desaltination.
The fresh water of producing is zero(ppm) water, and as the moisturizing of boiler, better than the soft water of water treatment of power plant, the present invention can replace the water treatment device of power plant, improves the economy of power plant benefit.
Claims (18)
1. one kind is utilized the residual heat of electric power plant system that desalinizes seawater, and it is characterized in that comprising:
Condenser (23) circulating seawer water intaking sub-system connects the water outlet hydroecium (22) of assembling condenser (23) water outlet;
Seawater MSF sub-system; Comprise a plurality of flash tanks; Be respectively first step flash tank (3), second stage flash tank (4) ... N level flash tank, the seawater that accumulates in said condenser (23) water outlet hydroecium (22) gets into the condensation tube bank (15) of the condensation tube bank (15) of N-1 level flash tank, N-2 level flash tank ... The condensation tube bank (15) of first step flash tank (3); The condensation tube bank (15) of N level flash tank connects the final stage cooling system in addition;
Residual heat from boiler fume heating cycle seawater sub-system; Comprise flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus (1); Seawater from first step flash tank (3) condensation tube bank (15) gets into first step flash tank tank body (18), second stage flash tank tank body (18) through said flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus (1) back ... Until N level flash tank tank body (18); Seawater flash distillation in each flash tank contacts the back with the condensation tube bank (15) of each flash tank and forms fresh water;
Vacuumize sub-system, the said sub-system that vacuumizes comprises vaccum-pumping equipment, and said vaccum-pumping equipment is connected with each flash tank tank body (18);
Fresh water and seawater blowdown sub-system comprise fresh water pipeline and blowdown seawater pipeline, and said fresh water pipeline is connected with the water outlet of each flash tank, and the seawater of flash distillation does not get into the blowdown seawater pipeline through N level flash tank tank body (18) back.
2. the residual heat of electric power plant system that desalinizes seawater that utilizes according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: also comprise condenser recirculated water sub-system; Said condenser recirculated water sub-system comprises the female pipe of recirculated water water inlet, the female pipe of recirculated water backwater, and the female pipe of said recirculated water water inlet connects the import of said condenser (23) respectively, and the import of said final stage cooling system; The female pipe of said recirculated water backwater connects answering back of said condenser (23) respectively, and the outlet of said final stage cooling system.
3. the residual heat of electric power plant system that desalinizes seawater that utilizes according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: also comprise condenser recirculated water sub-system; Said condenser recirculated water sub-system comprises the female pipe of recirculated water water inlet, the female pipe of recirculated water backwater; The intake import of the said condenser of female pipe coupling (23) of said recirculated water, the female pipe of said recirculated water backwater connects answering back of said condenser (23) respectively, and the outlet of said blowdown seawater pipeline.
4. the residual heat of electric power plant system that desalinizes seawater that utilizes according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the said vaccum-pumping equipment that vacuumizes sub-system comprises vacuum pumping pump (10) and a plurality of vacuum meter (13); Said vacuum pumping pump (10) is connected with N level flash tank, and said vacuum meter (13) is located in each flash tank.
5. the residual heat of electric power plant system that desalinizes seawater that utilizes according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: all be provided with balanced ventilation mouth (16) on said each flash tank; Said vacuum pumping pump (10) is connected with the balanced ventilation mouth (16) of N level flash tank, and the balanced ventilation mouth (16) of other flash tank is located between the adjacent flash tank.
6. the residual heat of electric power plant system that desalinizes seawater that utilizes according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus (1) is tube bank; Restrain the tube bank import entering of the seawater of (15) from flue gas flue (103) from first step flash tank (3) condensation; After tube bank, export out from the tube bank of flue gas flue (101).
7. the residual heat of electric power plant system that desalinizes seawater that utilizes according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the material of the tube bank of said flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus (1) is acid-resistant corrosion material or common charcoal steel.
8. the residual heat of electric power plant system that desalinizes seawater that utilizes according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said flue gas waste heat recovery apparatus (1) comprises heat release section (105) and endotherm section (104); Said heat release section (105) is connected with endotherm section (104); Form circulation line; Have circulatory mediator to flow in the pipeline, said endotherm section (104) is located in the flue, and the seawater of restraining (15) from first step flash tank (3) condensation is heated the back through said heat release section (105) and gets into first step flash tank tank body (18).
9. the residual heat of electric power plant system that desalinizes seawater that utilizes according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: circulatory mediator is the saturation steam of high temperature circulation water or natural circulation.
10. according to each described residual heat of electric power plant system that desalinizes seawater that utilizes among the claim 1-3; It is characterized in that: be provided with dividing plate (222) in the water outlet hydroecium (22) that condenser circulating seawer water intaking sub-system connects; And said dividing plate (222) is located at the top of said water outlet hydroecium (22); Said dividing plate (222) is isolated the bank of condenser pipes that and is connected with said seawater MSF sub-system through water outlet collector (221), and other water outlet bank of condenser pipes is through recirculated water main water outlet pipe and the female pipe coupling of recirculated water backwater.
11. the residual heat of electric power plant system that desalinizes seawater that utilizes according to claim 10; It is characterized in that: said condenser circulating seawer water intaking sub-system also comprises filter screen (19) and sea water preprocessing device (11), and the seawater of said water outlet hydroecium (22) gets into said seawater MSF sub-system through filter screen (19), sea water preprocessing device (11).
12. one kind is utilized the residual heat of electric power plant system that desalinizes seawater, it is characterized in that comprising:
Condenser circulating seawer water intaking sub-system connects the water outlet hydroecium (22) of assembling condenser (23) water outlet;
Seawater flash distillation sub-system; Comprise flash tank (27); The seawater that accumulates in said condenser water outlet hydroecium (22) gets into the flash tank tank body; The condensation tube bank (26) of said flash tank (27) connects cooling system in addition, and seawater flash distillation in flash tank (27) contacts the back with the condensation tube bank (26) of flash tank (27) and forms fresh water;
Vacuumize sub-system, the said sub-system that vacuumizes comprises vaccum-pumping equipment, and said vaccum-pumping equipment is connected with the flash tank tank body;
Fresh water and seawater blowdown sub-system comprise fresh water pipeline and blowdown seawater pipeline, and said fresh water pipeline is connected with the vapor-recovery unit on flash tank (27) top, and the seawater of flash distillation does not get into the blowdown seawater pipeline.
13. the residual heat of electric power plant system that desalinizes seawater that utilizes according to claim 12; It is characterized in that: also comprise condenser recirculated water sub-system; Said condenser recirculated water sub-system comprises the female pipe of recirculated water water inlet, the female pipe of recirculated water backwater; The intake import of the said cooling system of female pipe coupling of said recirculated water, the outlet of the female pipe coupling cooling system of said recirculated water backwater.
14. the residual heat of electric power plant system that desalinizes seawater that utilizes according to claim 12, it is characterized in that: the said vaccum-pumping equipment that vacuumizes sub-system comprises vacuum pumping pump (25), and said vacuum pumping pump (25) is connected with the top of flash tank (27).
15. the residual heat of electric power plant system that desalinizes seawater that utilizes according to claim 12, it is characterized in that: the circulatory mediator in the said cooling system is low-temperature circulating water or boiler low-temperature supplementary feed.
16. according to claim 12 or the 13 described residual heat of electric power plant systems that desalinize seawater that utilize; It is characterized in that: be provided with dividing plate (222) in the water outlet hydroecium (22) that condenser circulating seawer water intaking sub-system connects; And said dividing plate (222) is located at the top of said water outlet hydroecium (22); Said dividing plate (222) is isolated the bank of condenser pipes that and is connected with said seawater flash distillation sub-system, and other water outlet bank of condenser pipes is through recirculated water main water outlet pipe and the female pipe coupling of recirculated water backwater.
17. the residual heat of electric power plant system that desalinizes seawater that utilizes according to claim 12 is characterized in that: said condenser circulating seawer water intaking sub-system also comprises filter screen, and the seawater of said water outlet hydroecium (22) gets into said seawater flash distillation sub-system through filter screen.
18. the residual heat of electric power plant system that desalinizes seawater that utilizes according to claim 12; It is characterized in that: said condenser circulating seawer water intaking sub-system also comprises the boosting sub-system; Said boosting sub-system comprises tube still heater (301); The seawater of said water outlet hydroecium (22) gets into said flash tank (27) through said tube still heater (301) heating back, and the thermal source of said tube still heater (301) is the waste hot steam of power plant.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210138159.0A CN102642883B (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2012-05-07 | System for desalinating seawater by waste heat from power plant |
| PCT/CN2013/072511 WO2013166882A1 (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2013-03-13 | System for desalination of seawater by using waste heat from power plant |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210138159.0A CN102642883B (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2012-05-07 | System for desalinating seawater by waste heat from power plant |
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| CN102642883A true CN102642883A (en) | 2012-08-22 |
| CN102642883B CN102642883B (en) | 2014-03-19 |
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| CN201210138159.0A Expired - Fee Related CN102642883B (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2012-05-07 | System for desalinating seawater by waste heat from power plant |
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| WO2013166882A1 (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2013-11-14 | 上海伏波环保设备有限公司 | System for desalination of seawater by using waste heat from power plant |
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