CN102628819B - Test method for evaluating oxidation stability of transformer oil under high-voltage alternating-current or direct-current electric field - Google Patents
Test method for evaluating oxidation stability of transformer oil under high-voltage alternating-current or direct-current electric field Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A test method for evaluating the oxidation stability of transformer oil under a high-voltage alternating-current or direct-current electric field is applied to evaluation and actual measurement of the oxidation stability of the transformer oil. Introducing air or oxygen in the presence of a metal catalyst under the conditions of high temperature and high voltage alternating current or direct current field to accelerate the oxidation of the transformer oil, monitoring the change of the dielectric loss factor of the transformer oil on line by using an oil dielectric loss factor measuring electrode cup arranged in an analog device, and taking the time required for monitoring to reach the specified value of 0.02 as an index for inspecting the oxidation stability of the transformer oil. The effect is as follows: and evaluating the oxidation stability of the transformer oil under the conditions of high temperature, alternating current or direct current electric field, oxygen and metal catalyst.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrical network T & D Technology field, particularly the transformer oil of insulating material in transformer, is a kind of test method of evaluating oxidation stability of transformer oil under high-voltage alternating or DC electric field.Be mainly used in the evaluation of the oxidation stability of transformer oil for the electrical equipments such as transformer, converter power transformer, mutual inductor, reactor.
Background technology
In recent years, enforcement along with West-East Power Transmission Project, China's power industry has entered the developing period of large electrical network, extra-high voltage grid, has in succession built up 750kV and 1000kV ultra-high voltage AC transmission engineering, ± 500kV high voltage direct current and ± 660kV and ± 800kV extra-high voltage direct-current transmission engineering.Transformer is extremely important power transmission and transforming equipment in power transmission engineering, and the overall development of its industry development and power industry is closely related.Domestic Transformers industry, by Importing Foreign Advanced Technology, has had power transformer product kind, level and high voltage transformer capacity and increases substantially.Transformer in service will bear the long period effect of high voltage, lightning impulse and switching overvoltage, therefore as the transformer oil of main insulating material in transformer except possessing good electric property, also should possess the oxidation stability under good interchange or DC electric field.
Transformer oil is subject to the catalytic action of the metals such as high-voltage alternating electric field or DC electric field, alternating current-direct current superposition of electric field, high temperature, air and iron core, copper, silver and is oxidized at run duration, produce acid substance corrosion solid insulating material, after the greasy filth generating, be deposited on iron core and coil surface and cause again poor, the temperature rise of solid insulating layer heat transfer, make the aging cracking of solid insulating material, serious threat transformer long-term operation.Therefore, need to carry out to transformer oil the evaluation of oxidation stability.
At present, in transformer oil standard, all stipulated the assessment method of oxidation stability of transformer oil both at home and abroad, GB2536-91 and SH0040-09 regulation adopt SH/T 0206 method, ASTM D3487-2006 regulation to adopt ASTM D2440 method, IEC60296-2003 regulation to adopt the oxidation stability of the evaluation transformer oil such as IEC61125 method.Existing oxidation stability of transformer oil assessment method, all to adopt similar principle, at the temperature of regulation, under the catalytic action of copper, test period in regulation passes into oxygen or air carries out oxidation test, measure acid number and precipitation or the dielectric dissipation factor of the rear oil of oxidation, by the acid number of oxygenated oil and the size of precipitation and dielectric dissipation factor, judge the oxidation stability of transformer oil.The defect of above method maximum is that the operating condition of test condition and transformer differs larger, does not consider the impact of high-voltage electric field on oxidation, and the result of its evaluation is difficult to reflect the oxidation process of transformer oil in physical device.As well known to those skilled in the art, transformer oil can be mineral oil (petroleum products), or synthetic silicone oil, or synthetic ester, or crude vegetal.
China's power department was once enclosed within 20 century 70 designs one analog machine and the test method of evaluating transformer oil anti-oxidative stability under AC field condition, but there is following defect in this equipment: the one, can only under AC field, evaluate the antioxygenic property of transformer oil, and can not under DC electric field, evaluate; The 2nd, electric field intensity is fixing can not adjust and electric field intensity less; The 3rd, the oxygen passing into is without distributing pipe; The 4th, when the water soluble acid of transformer oil reaches 0.014mgKOH/g after employing oxidation, as " oxidation life ", as the operating condition of insulating oil, compare the not science of this project that adopts with transformer oil; The 5th, limited by technical merit at that time, automatic control level is low.
Oilman skill magazine the 6th is interim, has delivered one piece " application in the transformer oil antioxygenic property evaluation of Bench Evaluation technology ".Oxidation stability of transformer oil assessment method is had to discussion.But there is defect in this equipment: the one, and the oxygen passing into, without distributing pipe, causes oxygen skewness in test oil sample, can not realize the even oxidation of total Test oil sample; The 2nd, when after employing oxidation, the acid number of transformer oil reaches set quota, required time is as " oxidation life ", compare and adopt not science of this project as the operating condition of insulating oil with transformer oil, can not directly embody transformer oil decreasing insulating trend and degree; The 3rd, measuring process can not realize automatic measurement and automatic data collection.
Deficiency for existing oxidation stability of transformer oil assessment method.Be badly in need of a set of state of development that is applicable to current high-voltage alternating transformer and converter power transformer of exploitation, under high-voltage alternating or DC electric field, evaluate simulation test device and the method for transformer oil antioxygenic property, for assessment transformer provides technical support with oil.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is: the test method of evaluating oxidation stability of transformer oil under a kind of high-voltage alternating or DC electric field is provided, the oxidation process of lab simulation transformer oil at the charged operational process of transformer can tested, and can measure the signal that under the factor effects such as different ac electric field strengths, DC electric field intensity, air mass flow, temperature, transformer oil dielectric loss factor changes, obtain the decreasing insulating of this transformer oil of reflection to the limits value time of (now needing to carry out renew oil), for transformer oil, predict serviceable life reliable experimental data is provided.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: the test method of evaluating oxidation stability of transformer oil under high-voltage alternating or DC electric field, it is characterized in that: transformer oil is under high temperature and high pressure interchange or DC electric field, at metallic catalyst (such as the insulated copper wire of small-sized AC transformer itself, siliconized plate, steel and silver soldering junctor etc.) under existence condition, pass into air or oxygen, carry out the accelerated oxidation of transformer oil, utilize the variation of the dielectric dissipation factor of the built-in oil loss factor potential electrode cup on-line monitoring transformer oil of analogue means, when monitoring reaches setting 0.02, the needed time is as the oxidation stability index of investigating transformer oil, comprise the steps:
Steps A, taking transformer oil sample, transformer oil sample is heated to 50～60 ℃, is under 0.1333～1.333KPa, to carry out degassed processed in vacuum tightness, and after processing, the moisture of transformer oil sample is less than 10mg/kg; In temperature, be that under 90 ℃ of conditions, dielectric dissipation factor is less than 0.001;
Step B, high-field electrode, Mini gear pump, low-field electrode, gas service pipes, liquid level sensor, temperature sensor and effective 60～90 ℃ of sherwood oils of oil loss factor potential electrode cup, outer cover, vertical loading board and teflon are cleaned, dry; With the small-sized AC transformer of air purge of dry cleansing, purge time at least 5 minutes;
Step C, by high-field electrode, Mini gear pump, gas service pipes, liquid level sensor, temperature sensor and oil loss factor potential electrode cup are fixed to urceolus and cover, low-field electrode cylinder is fixed in small-sized AC transformer, small-sized AC transformer is lifted on urceolus by four vertical loading boards and covers, adjust Hoisting Position, to guarantee that high-field electrode vertically penetrates low-field electrode cylinder, and in low-field electrode Tong center, the import of Mini gear pump is connected by polyfluortetraethylene pipe with the outlet of oil loss factor potential electrode cup, the outer cover and the urceolus that have formed are put into vacuum drying chamber, in vacuum tightness, be to be dried 30 minutes under 1～5kPa condition, remove the moisture of metal surface and insulating paper absorption,
Step D, vertically pack the outer cover of dried combination into urceolus; Transformer oil sample by after processing, adopts vacuum injection mode, is injected in urceolus, when liquid level sensor is reported to the police, stops injecting.
Step e, above-mentioned analogue means is placed in testing table on disc type heater, the high-field electrode of analogue means is connected with high voltage ac/dc generator by high voltage insulation cable, the small-sized AC transformer output terminal of analogue means is connected with capacitor group by cable, and the oil loss factor potential electrode cup of analogue means is connected with hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge by cable; Transformer oil sample temperature in analogue means is heated to test temperature (as 90 ℃), on high-field electrode, applying 0～50kV ± 0.1kV exchanges or 0～70kV ± 0.1kV DC voltage, in small-sized AC transformer, apply 380V alternating voltage, with flow rate 100mL/min, pass into dry air or oxygen, carry out oxidation test;
Step F, record the moment T0 of on-test, set 1～10 hour measuring period of dielectric dissipation factor of transformer oil sample, oil loss factor potential electrode cup records the dielectric dissipation factor value of transformer oil sample automatically simultaneously, when reaching the definite value 0.02 of test to dielectric dissipation factor value, stop test, record stops test T1 constantly, anti-oxidant test period T:T=T1-T0 again.T represents the time, unit: hour;
Step G, above-mentioned analogue means control system is disconnected, naturally cool to below 50 ℃, the transformer oil sample in analogue means is taken out, for other physicochemical property and electrical properties analysis.
Under high-voltage alternating or DC electric field, evaluate the test unit of oxidation stability of transformer oil, comprise computing machine, switch board, testing table.Between computing machine and switch board, be connected signal wire; Between switch board and testing table, wire is connected, and has 3～10 analogue means on testing table.
Testing table mainly consists of high voltage ac/dc generator, analogue means, disc type heater, capacitor group, a hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge.Analogue means seat is on disc type heater, the high-field electrode of analogue means is connected with high voltage ac/dc generator by high voltage insulation cable, the small-sized AC transformer output terminal of analogue means is connected with capacitor group by cable, and the oil loss factor potential electrode cup of analogue means is connected with hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge by cable; What hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge adopted is the dielectric dissipation factor measuring bridge using in frequency-conversion harmonic analytic approach, and hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge does not belong to content of the present invention, and those skilled in the art know.
Analogue means is comprised of high-tension electricity polar body, Mini gear pump, outer cover, polyfluortetraethylene pipe, low-field electrode cylinder, vertical loading board, small-sized AC transformer, gas service pipes, liquid level sensor, temperature sensor, oil loss factor potential electrode cup and urceolus.High-field electrode, Mini gear pump, gas service pipes, liquid level sensor, temperature sensor and oil loss factor potential electrode cup are fixed to urceolus to be covered, low-field electrode is fixed in small-sized AC transformer, small-sized AC transformer is lifted on urceolus by four vertical loading boards and covers, adjust Hoisting Position, to guarantee that high-field electrode vertically penetrates low-field electrode cylinder, and in center, the import of Mini gear pump is connected by polyfluortetraethylene pipe with the outlet of oil loss factor potential electrode cup, vertically packs the outer cover having formed into urceolus.Mini gear pump is for realizing test oil sample circulating in oil loss factor potential electrode cup, to guarantee the homogeneity of measurement result.Oil loss factor potential electrode cup is connected with hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge by cable, and measurement result is transferred to by the wireless launcher on measuring bridge in the software of control system, to realize collection and the collection of data.
Dielectric dissipation factor potential electrode cup comprises signal measurement end, electrode bowl cover, ceramic insulation ring, leakage fluid dram pipe, pole cup urceolus, interior electrode body, high-tension electricity incoming end and inlet pipe.The sealing of interior electrode body upper end is fixed in ceramic insulation ring center screw, and ceramic insulation ring is arranged on the step of pole cup urceolus upper end inwall, on the step of pole cup urceolus upper end inwall, has O-ring seal; Columniform interior electrode body lower end is suspended in pole cup urceolus, and forms annular oil filled cavity between interior electrode body outer wall and pole cup outer tube inner wall; There is external thread the upper end of pole cup urceolus, and in the upper end of pole cup urceolus, screw thread is fixed with electrode bowl cover; Leakage fluid dram pipe is communicated with oil filled cavity through electrode bowl cover and ceramic insulation ring; Signal measurement end is connected with interior electrode body through electrode bowl cover and signal measurement end lower end; Pole cup urceolus lower end is fixed with inlet pipe, and inlet pipe is communicated with the oil filled cavity of pole cup urceolus lower end; High-tension electricity incoming end is fixed on pole cup outer tube side wall.
Switch board is comprised of PLC controller, manual/auto pressure regulator, shift knob, gas glass flow rate meter, mass-flow gas meter, fluid level controller, dielectric dissipation factor measuring bridge controller and several AC relay and overcurrent protector.The structure of switch board does not belong to content of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can complete.
Computing machine carries out respectively multichannel high voltage, temperature, gas flow and oil loss factor by PLC controller in switch board and measures control, be transferred to high voltage ac/dc generator on testing table, disc type heater and a hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge, respectively high-field electrode input 0～50kV alternating voltage or the 0～70kV DC high voltage to a plurality of analogue means on testing table; Control disc type heater to being filled with transformer oil heating; Regularly oil loss factor potential electrode cup input measurement is controlled, computing machine by output multi-channel low-voltage and the gas flow control respectively of PLC controller in switch board, be transferred in the small-sized AC transformer of a plurality of analogue means on testing table and in gas service pipes, regularly gather the dielectric dissipation factor value of transformer oil in a plurality of analogue means, be recorded in and in software, carry out analytical calculation.
High voltage ac/dc generator can be exported 0～50kV alternating voltage or export 0～70kV DC voltage.
High-tension electricity polar body is comprised of high-field electrode and low-field electrode cylinder, between interior electrode and external electrode apart from being 10mm, according to configured AC and DC power supply, the DC electric field that the AC field that to produce electric field intensity be 0～5kV/mm and electric field intensity are 0～7kV/mm.
Small-sized AC transformer winding is formed by the coiling of paper bag insulated copper wire, and no-load voltage ratio is 380V/220V, and output terminal connects one 70 μ F capacitor groups, forms 4.5A electric current.
Mini gear pump is for realizing test oil sample circulating in oil loss factor potential electrode cup, to guarantee the homogeneity of measurement result.Oil loss factor potential electrode cup is connected with hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge by cable, and measurement result is transferred to by the wireless launcher on measuring bridge in the software of control system, to realize collection and the collection of data.
Simulation test device principle of the present invention: this technology be transformer oil in high temperature and high pressure alterating and direct current after the match, pass into air or oxygen, carry out the accelerated oxidation of transformer oil, and utilize the technology of the dielectric dissipation factor of on-line monitoring transformer oil, when monitoring reaches setting, the needed time is as the mode of investigating the Oxidation Stability of transformer oil.
Oxidation stability of transformer oil Assessment involved in the present invention, it is the technology of utilizing the dielectric dissipation factor of on-line monitoring transformer oil, monitor oily dielectric dissipation factor while reaching setting the needed time as the Oxidation Stability of investigating transformer oil, the technology of the Oxidation Stability of the sign transformer oil of advancing the speed of employing transformer oil dielectric loss factor, the rate of rise of the alternative acid number by oxygenated oil characterizes the conventional art of oxidation stability of transformer oil energy.Dielectric dissipation factor is the most critical index that characterizes the insulating property of transformer oil, and insulating property are the most basic performances of transformer oil.Therefore adopt dielectric dissipation factor to advance the speed, the Oxidation Stability that characterizes transformer oil has actual meaning.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: evaluate the test method of oxidation stability of transformer oil under high-voltage alternating of the present invention or DC electric field, quantitatively the Oxidation Stability of differentiating transformer oil, the qualitatively use of differentiating transformer oil " life-span ".The oxidation process of lab simulation transformer oil at the charged operational process of transformer can tested, can measure the signal that under the factor effects such as different ac electric field strengths, DC electric field intensity, air mass flow, temperature, transformer oil dielectric loss factor changes, the decreasing insulating of true this transformer oil of reflection, to the limits value time of (now needing to carry out renew oil), is predicted serviceable life for transformer oil reliable experimental data is provided.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 test platform structure schematic diagram: 1-high voltage ac/dc generator, 2-analogue means, 3-disc type heater, 4-capacitor group, 5-hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge.
Fig. 2 is analogue means cut-away view: 6-high-tension electricity polar body, 7-Mini gear pump, the outer cover of 8-, 9-polyfluortetraethylene pipe, 10-low-field electrode cylinder, 11-vertical loading board, the small-sized AC transformer of 12-, 13-gas service pipes, 14-liquid level sensor, 15-temperature sensor, 16-oil loss factor potential electrode cup, 17-urceolus.
Fig. 3 oil loss factor potential electrode cup structure: 18-signal measurement end, 19-electrode bowl cover, 20-ceramic insulation ring, 21-leakage fluid dram pipe, 22-pole cup urceolus, 23-oil filled cavity, electrode body in 24-, 25-high-tension electricity incoming end, 26-O-ring seal, 27-inlet pipe.
No. 25 transformer oil base oils and product oil oxidizing process dielectric dissipation factor variation tendency in Fig. 4 example 1;
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: once to utilize the test method of evaluating oxidation stability of transformer oil under high-voltage alternating or DC electric field, measuring No. 25 transformer oil base oils and product oil oxidizing process dielectric dissipation factor is example, and the present invention is described in further detail.
Under high-voltage alternating or DC electric field, evaluate the test unit of oxidation stability of transformer oil, mainly comprise computing machine, switch board, testing table.Between computing machine and switch board, be connected signal wire; Between switch board and testing table, wire is connected, and has 4 analogue means on testing table.
Consult Fig. 1.Testing table consists of four high voltage ac/dc generators 1, four analogue means 2, four disc type heaters 3, four capacitor groups 4, a hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge 5.2 of analogue means are on disc type heater 3, the high-field electrode 6 of analogue means 2 is connected with high voltage ac/dc generator 1 by high voltage insulation cable, small-sized AC transformer 12 output terminals of analogue means 2 are connected with capacitor group 4 by cable, and the oil loss factor potential electrode cup 16 of analogue means 2 is connected with a hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge 5 by cable; Hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge 5 is the dielectric dissipation factor measuring bridges that adopt frequency-conversion harmonic analytic approach principle.
Consult Fig. 2.Analogue means 2 is comprised of high-tension electricity polar body 6, Mini gear pump 7, outer cover 8, polyfluortetraethylene pipe 9, low-field electrode cylinder 10, vertical loading board 11, small-sized AC transformer 12, gas service pipes 13, liquid level sensor 14, temperature sensor 15, oil loss factor potential electrode cup 16 and urceolus 17.By high-field electrode 6, Mini gear pump 7, gas service pipes 13, liquid level sensor 14, temperature sensor 15 and oil loss factor potential electrode cup 16 are fixed on outer cover 8, low-field electrode 10 is fixed in small-sized AC transformer 12, small-sized AC transformer 12 is lifted on urceolus by four vertical loading boards 11 and covers, adjust Hoisting Position, to guarantee that high-field electrode 6 vertically penetrates low-field electrode cylinder 10, and in center, the import of Mini gear pump 7 is connected by polyfluortetraethylene pipe 9 with 16 outlets of oil loss factor potential electrode cup, vertically pack the outer cover 8 having formed into urceolus 17.The internal diameter of urceolus 17: 400mm, highly: 500mm.
Consult Fig. 3.Dielectric dissipation factor potential electrode cup 16 comprises signal measurement end 18, electrode bowl cover 19, ceramic insulation ring 20, leakage fluid dram pipe 21, pole cup urceolus 22, interior electrode body 24, high-tension electricity incoming end 25 and inlet pipe 27.Interior electrode body 24 upper end sealings are fixed in ceramic insulation ring 20 center screws, and ceramic insulation ring 20 is arranged on the step of pole cup urceolus 22 upper end inwalls, on the step of pole cup urceolus 22 upper end inwalls, has O-ring seal 26; Columniform interior electrode body 24 lower ends are suspended in pole cup urceolus 22, and form annular oil filled cavity 23 between interior electrode body 24 outer walls and pole cup urceolus 22 inwalls; There is external thread pole cup urceolus 22 upper end, and in pole cup urceolus 22 upper end, screw thread is fixed with electrode bowl cover 19; Leakage fluid dram pipe 21 is communicated with oil filled cavity 23 through electrode bowl cover 19 and ceramic insulation ring 20; Signal measurement end 18 is connected with interior electrode body 24 through electrode bowl cover 19 and signal measurement Duan18 lower end; Pole cup urceolus 22 lower ends are fixed with inlet pipe 27, and inlet pipe 27 is communicated with the oil filled cavity 23 of pole cup urceolus 22 lower ends; High-tension electricity incoming end 25 is fixed on pole cup urceolus 22 sidewalls.
Switch board is by PLC controller, manual/auto pressure regulator, and shift knob, gas glass flow rate meter, mass-flow gas meter, fluid level controller, dielectric dissipation factor measuring bridge controller, several AC relay and overcurrent protector form.
Computing machine carries out respectively multichannel high voltage, temperature, gas flow and oil loss factor by PLC controller in switch board and measures control, be transferred to four high voltage ac/dc generators 1, disc type heater 3 and hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge 5, the respectively high-field electrodes 6 to four analogue means 2 on testing table on testing table; Control 3 pairs of disc type heaters and be filled with transformer oil heating; Regularly oil loss factor potential electrode cup 16 input measurements are controlled, computing machine is exported respectively four tunnel low-voltages and gas flow control, is transferred in the small-sized AC transformer 12 of four analogue means on testing table and in gas service pipes 6 by PLC controller in switch board, regularly gather the dielectric dissipation factor value of transformer oil in four analogue means, be recorded in and in software, carry out analytical calculation.
High-tension electricity polar body is comprised of high-field electrode 6 and low-field electrode cylinder 10, between interior electrode and external electrode apart from being 10mm, according to configured direct supply, the DC electric field that to produce electric field intensity be 2kV/mm.
Small-sized AC transformer 12 windings are formed by the coiling of paper bag insulated copper wire, and no-load voltage ratio is 380V/220V, and output terminal connects 70 μ F capacitors, form 4.5A electric current.
Under high-voltage alternating or DC electric field, evaluate the test method of oxidation stability of transformer oil,
Steps A, taking No. 25 transformer oil samples of 20kg, No. 25 transformer oil samples are heated to 55 ℃, is under 1.333KPa, to carry out degassed processed in vacuum tightness, and after processing, the moisture of transformer oil sample is less than 10mg/kg; In temperature, be that under 90 ℃ of conditions, dielectric dissipation factor is 0.0005;
Step B, four groups of high-field electrodes 6, Mini gear pump 7, low-field electrode 10, gas service pipes 13, liquid level sensor 14, temperature sensor 15 and oil loss factor potential electrode cup 16, outer cover 8, vertical loading board 11 and 80 ℃ of sherwood oils of polyfluortetraethylene pipe 9 use are cleaned, dry, with the small-sized AC transformer 12 of air purge of dry cleansing, air purge 5 minutes;
Step C, to be ready to high-field electrode 6, Mini gear pump 7, gas service pipes 13, liquid level sensor 14, temperature sensor 15 and oil loss factor potential electrode cup 16 are fixed on outer cover 8, low-field electrode cylinder 10 is fixed in small-sized AC transformer 12, small-sized AC transformer 12 is lifted on outer cover 8 by four vertical loading boards 11, adjust Hoisting Position, high-field electrode 6 vertically penetrates low-field electrode cylinder 10, and in center, the import of Mini gear pump 7 is connected by polyfluortetraethylene pipe 9 with 16 outlets of oil loss factor potential electrode cup, the outer cover 8 having formed and urceolus 17 are put into vacuum drying chamber, in vacuum tightness, be to be dried 30 minutes under 1kPa condition, remove the moisture of metal surface and insulating paper absorption,
Step D, vertically pack the outer cover 8 of dried combination into urceolus 17; Transformer oil sample after processing, adopts vacuum injection mode, is injected in urceolus 17, and transformer oil sample injection rate IR is 15kg; Liquid level sensor 14 is reported to the police, and stops injecting.
Step e, above-mentioned four groups of analogue means 2 are placed in testing table on disc type heater 3, the high-field electrode 6 of analogue means 2 is connected with high voltage ac/dc generator 1 by high voltage insulation cable, small-sized AC transformer 12 output terminals of analogue means 2 are connected with capacitor group 4 by cable, and the oil loss factor potential electrode cup 16 of analogue means 2 is connected with hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge 5 by cable; Transformer oil sample temperature in analogue means 2 is heated to 90 ℃ of test temperatures, on high-field electrode 6, apply 20kV ± 0.1kV DC voltage, in small-sized AC transformer 12, apply 380V alternating voltage, flow rate 100mL/min with the air of testing requirements passes into dry air or oxygen, carries out oxidation test;
Step F, record the moment T0 of on-test: the mornings 9 point, set 5 hours measuring periods of dielectric dissipation factor of transformer oil sample, and automatically record the dielectric dissipation factor value of transformer oil sample, when reaching the definite value 0.02 of test to dielectric dissipation factor value, stop test, record stops test T1 constantly again: the 2 pm after 40 days.No. 25 anti-oxidant cycle T of transformer oil base oil: 76 hours, No. 25 anti-oxidant cycle T of transformer oil product oil: 745 hours.
Consult Fig. 4.Obtain No. 25 transformer oil base oils and the product oil oxidizing process dielectric dissipation factor variation tendency of embodiment 1.
Claims (3)
1. under a high-voltage alternating or DC electric field, evaluate the test method of oxidation stability of transformer oil, it is characterized in that: transformer oil is under high temperature and high pressure interchange or DC electric field, under metallic catalyst existence condition, pass into air or oxygen, carry out the accelerated oxidation of transformer oil, utilize the variation of the dielectric dissipation factor of built-in oil loss factor potential electrode cup (16) the on-line monitoring transformer oil of analogue means, when monitoring reaches setting 0.02, the needed time, as the oxidation stability index of investigating transformer oil, comprises the steps:
Steps A, taking transformer oil sample, transformer oil sample is heated to 50～60 ℃, is under 0.1333～1.333KPa, to carry out degassed processed in vacuum tightness, and after processing, the moisture of transformer oil sample is less than 10mg/kg; In temperature, be that under 90 ℃ of conditions, dielectric dissipation factor is less than 0.001;
Step B, by high-field electrode (6), Mini gear pump (7), low-field electrode cylinder (10), gas service pipes (13), liquid level sensor (14), temperature sensor (15) and oil loss factor potential electrode cup (16), combination outer cover (8), vertical loading board (11) and polyfluortetraethylene pipe (9) with 60～90 ℃ of sherwood oils, clean, dry, with the small-sized AC transformer of air purge (12) of dry cleansing, purge time at least 5 minutes;
Step C, by high-field electrode (6), Mini gear pump (7), gas service pipes (13), liquid level sensor (14), temperature sensor (15) and oil loss factor potential electrode cup (16) are fixed on the outer cover (8) of combination, low-field electrode cylinder (10) is fixed in small-sized AC transformer (12), small-sized AC transformer (12) is lifted on the outer cover (8) of combination by four vertical loading boards (11), adjust Hoisting Position, high-field electrode (6) vertically penetrates low-field electrode cylinder (10), and the center in low-field electrode cylinder (10), the import of Mini gear pump (7) is connected by polyfluortetraethylene pipe (9) with oil loss factor potential electrode cup (16) outlet, outer cover (8) and the urceolus (17) of combination are put into vacuum drying chamber, in vacuum tightness, be to be dried 30 minutes under 1～5kPa condition, remove the moisture of metal surface and insulating paper absorption,
Step D, vertically pack the outer cover (8) of dried combination into urceolus (17); Transformer oil sample by after processing, adopts vacuum injection mode, is injected in urceolus (17), when liquid level sensor (14) is reported to the police, stops injecting;
Step e, above-mentioned analogue means (2) is placed on disc type heater in testing table (3), the high-field electrode (6) of analogue means (2) is connected with high voltage ac/dc generator (1) by high voltage insulation cable, small-sized AC transformer (12) output terminal of analogue means (2) is connected with capacitor group (4) by cable, and the oil loss factor potential electrode cup (16) of analogue means (2) is connected with hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge (5) by cable; Transformer oil sample temperature in analogue means (2) is heated to test temperature, on high-field electrode (6), applying 0～50kV ± 0.1kV exchanges or 0～70kV ± 0.1kV DC voltage, in small-sized AC transformer (12), apply 380V alternating voltage, with flow rate 100mL/min, pass into dry air or oxygen, carry out oxidation test;
Step F, record the moment T0 of on-test, set 1～10 hour measuring period of dielectric dissipation factor of transformer oil sample, oil loss factor potential electrode cup (16) records the dielectric dissipation factor value of transformer oil sample automatically simultaneously, when dielectric dissipation factor value reaches the definite value 0.02 of test, stop test, record stops test T1 constantly, anti-oxidant test period T:T=T1-T0 again; T represents the time, unit: hour;
Step G, the control system of above-mentioned analogue means (2) is disconnected, naturally cool to below 50 ℃, the transformer oil sample in analogue means is taken out, for other physicochemical property and electrical properties analysis;
Under described high-voltage alternating or DC electric field, evaluate the test method of oxidation stability of transformer oil, under the high-voltage alternating of use or DC electric field, evaluate the test unit of oxidation stability of transformer oil, comprise computing machine, switch board, testing table; Between computing machine and switch board, be connected signal wire; Between switch board and testing table, wire is connected, and has 3～10 analogue means on testing table;
Testing table mainly consists of high voltage ac/dc generator (1), analogue means (2), disc type heater (3), capacitor group (4), a hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge (5); Analogue means (2) seat is on disc type heater (3), the high-field electrode (6) of analogue means (2) is connected with high voltage ac/dc generator (1) by high voltage insulation cable, small-sized AC transformer (12) output terminal of analogue means (2) is connected with capacitor group (4) by cable, and the oil loss factor potential electrode cup (16) of analogue means (2) is connected with hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge (5) by cable;
Analogue means (2) is comprised of outer cover (8), polyfluortetraethylene pipe (9), low-field electrode cylinder (10), vertical loading board (11), small-sized AC transformer (12), gas service pipes (13), liquid level sensor (14), temperature sensor (15), oil loss factor potential electrode cup (16) and the urceolus (17) of high-field electrode (6), Mini gear pump (7), combination, by high-field electrode (6), Mini gear pump (7), gas service pipes (13), liquid level sensor (14), temperature sensor (15) and oil loss factor potential electrode cup (16) are fixed on the outer cover (8) of combination, low-field electrode cylinder (10) is fixed in small-sized AC transformer (12), small-sized AC transformer (12) is lifted on the outer cover (8) of combination by four vertical loading boards (11), high-field electrode (6) vertically penetrates low-field electrode cylinder (10), and in center, the import of Mini gear pump (7) is connected by polyfluortetraethylene pipe (9) with oil loss factor potential electrode cup (16) outlet, vertically pack the outer cover (8) of combination into urceolus (17), oil loss factor potential electrode cup (16) is connected with hyperchannel oil loss factor measuring bridge (5) by cable,
Oil loss factor potential electrode cup (16) comprises signal measurement end (18), electrode bowl cover (19), ceramic insulation ring (20), leakage fluid dram pipe (21), pole cup urceolus (22), interior electrode body (24), high-tension electricity incoming end (25) and inlet pipe (27); The sealing of interior electrode body (24) upper end is fixed in ceramic insulation ring (20) center screw, ceramic insulation ring (20) is arranged on the step of pole cup urceolus (22) upper end inwall, on the step of pole cup urceolus (22) upper end inwall, has O-ring seal (26); Columniform interior electrode body (24) lower end is suspended in pole cup urceolus (22), and forms annular oil filled cavity (23) between interior electrode body (24) outer wall and pole cup urceolus (22) inwall; There is external thread the upper end of pole cup urceolus (22), at the upper end screw thread of pole cup urceolus (22), is fixed with electrode bowl cover (19); Leakage fluid dram pipe (21) is communicated with oil filled cavity (23) through electrode bowl cover (19) and ceramic insulation ring (20); Signal measurement end (18) is connected with interior electrode body (24) through electrode bowl cover (19) and signal measurement end (18) lower end; Pole cup urceolus (22) lower end is fixed with inlet pipe (27), and inlet pipe (27) is communicated with the oil filled cavity (23) of pole cup urceolus (22) lower end; High-tension electricity incoming end (25) is fixed on pole cup urceolus (22) sidewall.
2. under high-voltage alternating according to claim 1 or DC electric field, evaluate the test method of oxidation stability of transformer oil, it is characterized in that: high-tension electricity polar body is comprised of high-field electrode (6) and low-field electrode cylinder (10), distance between interior electrode and external electrode is 10mm, the DC electric field different according to configured AC and DC power supply, the AC field that generation electric field intensity is 0～5kV/mm or generation electric field intensity are 0～7kV/mm.
3. under high-voltage alternating according to claim 1 or DC electric field, evaluate the test method of oxidation stability of transformer oil, it is characterized in that: small-sized AC transformer (12) winding is formed by the coiling of paper bag insulated copper wire, no-load voltage ratio is 380V/220V, output terminal connects one 70 μ F capacitors, forms 4.5A electric current.
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| CN103901276B (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2016-09-07 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Measuring equipment and method for detecting conductivity of oilpaper in high-voltage direct-current electric field |
| CN103076354A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-05-01 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | Automatic test system and method for vacuum stability |
| CN104634898B (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2016-10-12 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Test method and device for evaluating gas production trend of transformer oil in electric-thermal mixed field |
| CN104133165B (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2017-05-31 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Transformer oil paper insulation test system |
| CN105738707A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2016-07-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Device and method for continuously detecting transformer oil insulation performance in high-voltage rapid oxidation |
| CN108896826A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-11-27 | 国网湖北省电力有限公司孝感供电公司 | Transformer oil dielectric loss test method, device and electronic equipment |
| CN116148448A (en) * | 2023-04-23 | 2023-05-23 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | Tester for oil service performance under multi-physical field coupling effect |
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