CN102609687B - Subway construction drawing and engineering parameter automatic identification method - Google Patents
Subway construction drawing and engineering parameter automatic identification method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a subway construction drawing and engineering parameter automatic identification method. A user interface module, a basic primitive identification rule module, a building element identification rule module, an engineering parameter extraction rule module, a basic primitive identification module, a building element identification module and an engineering parameter extraction module are adopted; and the subway construction drawing and engineering parameter automatic identification method is specially used for implementing a technical scheme for identifying engineering parameters related to the risk management in an engineering drawing on the aspect of subway engineering construction and the data basis is provided for a further risk management technical scheme.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to engineering drawing recognition technology field, particularly a kind of subway work drawing and engineering parameter automatic identifying method.
Background technology
Engineering drawing identification is a branch in figure identification field, and figure identification area research relates to the identification of all kinds of drawings such as Machine Design figure, logical circuitry, map, architectural drawing, music score, LOGO and symbolic information.Engineering drawing can be divided into according to design information carrier attribute difference: the polar plot of papery engineering drawing and CAD Software on Drawing.Recognition technology to paper drawing mainly comprises: the raster pattern vector technology that scanning forms, the recognition methods of primary graphic element (straight line, arc, dimension line etc.), the recognition methods of specialty graphic element (such as the door in the architectural drawing, window, stair etc.), the unfavorable factors such as its research emphasis is how to eliminate in the raster pattern is blured, stain, broken string improve and know the figure accuracy the impact of drawing Symbol recognition.
Be identification and the understanding of professional graphical symbol for the polar plot research emphasis of CAD Software on Drawing, in order to form structurized graphical information storehouse.Engineering drawing recognizer commonly used comprises: the methods such as structure match, grammer coupling, Constraint-based, neural network, statistical classification, decision tree.Because the subway engineering construction drawing has the characteristics such as standardization level is low, typical structure member kind is more, array configuration is relevant with construction, geology longitudinal diagram, stratum legend symbol rotational deformation, therefore, the identification of subway engineering working drawing needs the special automatic identifying method of design.
In the application facet of engineering drawing recognition technology, in mechanical design field, form electronic drawings and archives behind the raster pattern vector quantization that scanning forms to paper drawing, in order to improve Product Design Quality, reduce design cost and shorten the product design cycle.In field of house buildings, by the typical pel identification such as working drawing post, beam, plate, wall, reconstruct three-dimensional building model is mainly used in computing machine automatic engineering amount and calculates.Because European and American developed countries subway construction peak period is in the 70-80 age in 20th century, the at that time application of cad technique in Building Engineering Design also do not popularized, and rare document relates to the research of subway engineering structural working drawing typical figure metasymbol system identification aspect.
And the primary work of traditional subway work Risk Identification process is manual read's the whole series construction drawings, understand engineering characteristic and mentality of designing, have senior engineer's reading of enriching construction experience and understand a cover building enclosure construction drawing (general 25-30 opens the A1 drawing) and need approximately 2 working days, understanding to drawing information is subjected to professional's level of skill, wholwe-hearted degree, health, the impact of the factors such as working environment, the individual difference of this manual reading of drawings tends to cause work efficiency not high, it is strong to understand subjectivity, and easily produces misreading of information, the problems such as omission.
At subway work drawing recognition technology theoretical side, the The Metro Construction Drawings Recognition For Risk Identification paper that delivered at Computational Intelligence and Software Engineering (CiSE) by patent applicant leader's of the present invention project team in Dec, 2010, whole recognition strategy and metro building elemental recognition strategy to different construction drawings in the paper (mate based on syntax rule, mate based on graphics template, based on topological structure coupling with based on the Architectural Elements recognizer of statistical method coupling) inquire into, but do not have the concrete technical scheme realization work of probing into.
Above-mentioned research can be found out: the existing more achievement in research of the current techique of engineering drawing identification, the drawing recognition technology is reseted existing application of result case aspect meter, the quantities calculating at product, and is that the concrete technical scheme the Study of the Realization of subway work drawing pel notation recognition and application in the risk management field that solves traditional subway work Risk Identification work problem there is not yet report.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of subway work drawing and engineering parameter automatic identifying method are provided, be exclusively used in and realize a kind of technical scheme of identifying engineering parameter relevant with risk management in the engineering drawing of subway engineering construction aspect, and provide data basic for further risk management technology scheme.
A kind of subway work drawing of the present invention and engineering parameter automatic identifying method is characterized in that including Subscriber Interface Module SIM, element figure recognition rule module, Architectural Elements recognition rule module, engineering parameter extracting rule module, element figure identification module, Architectural Elements identification module and engineering parameter extraction module.
And Subscriber Interface Module SIM is realized user interactions; The function that comprises two aspects: the first is accepted the user and is uploaded the subway work drawing file, then the subway construction drawing is carried out the file layout inspection; It two is with element figure identification module, Architectural Elements identification module and engineering parameter extraction module acquired results feedback user, thereby realizes that the user checks the function of uploading drawing file recognition result information.
Element figure recognition rule module be used for to be preserved the rule that the identification element figure should be followed, and described element figure refers to the key elements such as the point, line, circle in the digital mapping.This cover element figure recognition rule is based on the DXF file layout and sums up, and described DXF file layout is the vector data file form for the opening of carrying out the cad data exchange between AutoCAD and other software of autodesk, inc.'s exploitation.
The inventor analyzes all subway work drawings that 10 workers are ordered, and sums up the element figure relevant with Architectural Elements and mainly contains 5 kinds, and extracting rule is as shown in the table:
| The element figure code | The element figure title | Identifying information |
| Line | Line segment | Unique identifier, two-end-point coordinate, line style |
| LwpolyLine | Broken line | Unique identifier, two-end-point coordinate, line style |
| Circle | Circle | Unique identifier, central coordinate of circle, radius |
| Text | Text | Unique identifier, end points coordinate, literal |
| MText | Multiline text | Unique identifier, end points coordinate, group of text |
Unique identifier described in the table refers to a unique character string, is used for different element figure object in the mark DXF form drawing.
The element figure identification module receives the subway work drawing file information of Subscriber Interface Module SIM transmission and the recognition rule that calls in the element figure recognition rule module is decomposed into element figure information with fileinfo, and by Subscriber Interface Module SIM element figure information is fed back to the user.
Architectural Elements recognition rule module is used for preserving the rule that the identification Architectural Elements should be followed, and described Architectural Elements refers to form the elementary cell of building, such as stake, column and support etc.;
Because more, the information dispersion of subway work drawing Architectural Elements kind, array configuration be relevant with construction, need to make up the identification work that 3 kinds of different algorithms are finished Architectural Elements.
(1) algorithm 1: mate based on syntax rule
Be used for the identification engineering drawing standard drawing metasymbol little with the subway profession symbol degree of association based on the syntax rule coupling, its recognizer is: at first adopt first-order predicate logic that the identification syntax rule is described, then read engineering drawing data acquisition object to be identified attribute, carry out at last reasoning from logic, obtain matching result.
For example: the recognition rule to the mark lead-in wire adopts the first-order predicate logic formalized description to be:
Wherein: L-straight line set, the set of P-broken line, the YL-set that goes between
This recognition rule will mark lead-in wire and be defined as: 1) two summit intersecting straight lines, and angle is right angle or obtuse angle; 2) wherein a line is horizontal line.
The process prescription of identification mark lead-in wire is: search element figure information, find out L, P set, and traversal satisfies Intersect (m, n) element of a function, adds the YL set to, finishes the identification of mark lead-in wire.
(2) algorithm 2: mate based on graphics template
The structural method that belongs to the Symbol recognition field based on the graphics template matching algorithm.Be mainly used in identifying the Architectural Elements in the subway work drawing.Its recognizer is described as: the model of cognition of model Architectural Elements, then search for element figure, and it is carried out feature extraction, set up proper vector, last and model of cognition mates, and finishes identification work.The emphasis of the method is the rule description to every class template.
For the Architectural Elements with regular shape, for example: fender post is generally circle, can set up graphics template, and main recognition feature is: 1) circle; 2) contain " Φ ", " boring ", " stake " character in the mark; The space constraint rule is: tangent with the outer envelope curve of foundation ditch or the outer unwrapping wire of foundation ditch.The search element figure, detect its markup information whether with template matches, whether the detection space constraint is satisfied, whether the matching degree differentiation according to candidate symbol and template is fender post at last.Wherein, the space constraint rule is based on algorithm 3.
(3) algorithm 3: mate based on topological structure
In the subway work drawing, have relation of interdependence between some Architectural Elements, the restriction relation in this plane or space is referred to as topological constraints.For example: in metro station construction figure design, generally be arranged in the fender post outside as the rotary churning pile of water-stop curtain, and intersect with fender post or tangent.
Coupling based on topological structure is based on a kind of of constrained matching method, for above-mentioned figure with fixing topological constraints, can adopt the method identification.For example: the recognition rule of rotary churning pile adopts the BNF normal form to be described as:
＜rotary churning pile * 〉: :=＜the rotary churning pile face profile〉[＜rotary churning pile mark 〉]
＜rotary churning pile face profile 〉: :=＜circle〉＜space constraint〉＜dimension constraint 〉
＜space constraint 〉: :=tangent (fender post) | intersect (fender post)
＜dimension constraint 〉: :=D (rotary churning pile)＜D (fender post)
＜rotary churning pile mark 〉: :=Φ ﹠amp; Rotary churning pile
Its implication adopts natural language description to be: 1) circle; 2) tangent or crossing with fender post; 3) stake footpath＜bored piles footpath; 4) contain " Φ " ∩ " rotary churning pile " in the mark.
Mainly contain 7 kinds with the relevant Architectural Elements of identification, extracting rule is as shown in the table:
| The Architectural Elements code | The Architectural Elements title | Follow algorithm |
| StationSides | Envelope curve outside the station | Algorithm 1 |
| Guardpost | Fender post | 3 three kinds of algorithm 1 algorithm 2 and algorithms all need use |
| JetGroutingPile | Rotary churning pile | 3 three kinds of algorithm 1 algorithm 2 and algorithms all need use |
| SupportPillar | Support post | Algorithm 1 |
| SteelSupport | Steel supports | Algorithm 1 |
| Ground | Ground | Algorithm 1 and algorithm 2 all need use |
| Floor | Substrate | Algorithm 1 and algorithm 2 all need use |
The Architectural Elements identification module receives the element figure information that the element figure identification module transmits, and call recognition rule in the Architectural Elements recognition rule module, be Architectural Elements information with the element figure information analysis, and by Subscriber Interface Module SIM Architectural Elements fed back to the user.
Engineering parameter extracting rule module is used for preserving the rule that the recognitive engineering parameter should be followed, and described engineering parameter refers to the geometric parameter of all kinds of Architectural Elements, physical parameter, mechanics parameters etc. and are identified relevant engineering parameter and are mainly contained 17 kinds, and extracting rule is as shown in the table:
| The engineering parameter code | The engineering parameter title | Algorithm |
| StationEndWellNum | Station end well number | Outside the station between the combination region of envelope curve limit greater than the number in standard paragraphs interval |
| StationLength | Packet length outside the station | Station outsourcing line endpoints x axle is at a distance of longest distance |
| StationWidth | Station standard paragraphs width | Station outsourcing line standard section end points y axle distance |
| GuardpostDia | Fender post stake footpath | The fender post radius value multiply by 2 |
| GuardpostFrom | Fender post stake heart distance | Fender post and a nearest fender post distance of center circle of band mark |
| JetGroutingPileDia | Rotary churning pile stake footpath | The rotary churning pile radius value multiply by 2 |
| JetGroutingPileFrom | Rotary churning pile stake heart distance | Rotary churning pile and a nearest rotary churning pile distance of center circle of band mark |
| SupportPillarSetUp | Support post sets up | Judge whether to exist the Architectural Elements support post |
| SteelSupportDia | Steel supports diameter | Steel supports the numeral of D=back in the mark |
| SteelSupportThickness | The steel support thickness | Steel supports the numeral of δ=back in the mark |
| StationHigh | The station standard paragraphs degree of depth | Ground and substrate y axial coordinate distance |
| StationFloorStratum | Stratum at the bottom of the foundation ditch | Basement strata mark literal |
| GuardpostHigh | The fender post stake is long | Fender post flash two-end-point y axial coordinate distance |
| GuardpostStratum | The fender post stratum | Fender post stratum mark literal |
| GuardpostInRockState | Fender post enters the rock state | Whether contain " rock " in the stratum literal of fender post |
| GuardpostDepthRatio | The fender post ratio that buries | Fender post flash two-end-point y axial coordinate (y1, y2) and substrate y axial coordinate (y) obtain by formula max (y1, y2)-y)/abs (y1-y2) |
| SteelSupportLayer | Steel supports the number of plies | Steel supports the mark number |
The engineering parameter extraction module receives the Architectural Elements information that the Architectural Elements identification module transmits, and calls recognition rule in the engineering parameter extracting rule module, and the engineering parameter information in the Architectural Elements information is extracted; And by Subscriber Interface Module SIM with engineering parameter information feedback user.
And, described a kind of subway work drawing and engineering parameter automatic identifying method, wherein element figure identification module treatment scheme is:
(1) pre-service: the subway work drawing file that receives is converted to can be for the document flow of software identification;
(2) split file section:, each the graphic element file section in the Element section in the document flow is separated according to DXF file layout standard;
(3) resolve element figure: the recognition rule according in the element figure recognition rule module, the graphic element file section is filtered and information extraction, element figure information analysis that will be relevant with the subway risk management is out.
And, described a kind of subway work drawing and engineering parameter automatic identifying method, wherein Architectural Elements identification module treatment scheme is:
(1) receives element figure: receive element figure and identify the candidate as Architectural Elements;
(2) preliminary identification: according to the recognition rule in the Architectural Elements recognition rule module, at first identify not needing to rely on the architecture information that other Architectural Elements can identify, mainly adopt algorithm 1 and algorithm 2;
For different Architectural Elements, concrete recognition rule is:
Each subway Architectural Elements candidate's mark recognition rule is identical, should satisfy following rule simultaneously:
1) contains the specific character element set and (should comprise literal " X " or " Y " such as envelope curve outside the station, fender post should comprise literal " bored concrete pile " or " caisson " or " SWM stake ", rotary churning pile should comprise literal " rotary churning pile " etc., steel supports should comprise literal " steel support ", " D " and " δ ", support post should comprise literal " column ", ground should comprise literal " ground ", and substrate should comprise literal " substrate " or " at the bottom of the foundation ditch ");
2) apart from the parallel segment group in 1.5 times of distances of group of text;
3) end points corresponding to parallel segment group overlaps and has the sets of line segments of angle.
Take the outer envelope curve in identification station as example, at first in the building enclosure floor plan of subway work station, identify outside candidate's the station envelope curve and mark and then identify envelope curve outside the station according to rule, should satisfy simultaneously following 3 rules:
1) sets of line segments that envelope curve mark lead-in wire end points intersects and outside candidate's the station;
2) line style is the line segment of dotted line in the sets of line segments;
3) in sets of line segments, can form the line segment of enclosed region.
At last according to rule, the candidate's that will intersect with station outsourcing line endpoints the outer envelope curve mark in station is defined as that envelope curve marks outside the station.
To identify ground and substrate as example, at first in subway work building enclosure drawing in side sectional elevation, identify candidate's ground and substrate mark, then identify ground and substrate according to rule, should satisfy following rule simultaneously:
1) and the sets of line segments that intersects of candidate's ground or substrate mark lead-in wire end points;
2) the essentially identical sets of line segments of two-end-point y axial coordinate in the sets of line segments.
Then according to rule, the candidate's that will intersect with ground or substrate ground or substrate mark are defined as ground or substrate mark.
According to rule, identify the corresponding stratum of substrate literal at last, mainly follow following 2 rules:
1) obtains the literal that all literal comprise " rock ", " plain fill " or " clay ";
2) literal y axial coordinate is more than substrate y axial coordinate, and nearest apart from substrate.
Take the identification support post as example, the steel support and the support post mark that only need to identify the candidate in the building enclosure floor plan of subway work station get final product.
Be supported for example with the identification steel, the steel support and the support post mark that only need to identify the candidate in subway work supporting plane arrangenent diagram get final product.
(3) according to the recognition rule in the Architectural Elements recognition rule module 30 and the Architectural Elements that has identified, adopt 3 pairs of algorithms to need other Architectural Elements of dependence could identify successful Architectural Elements and identify;
For different Architectural Elements, concrete recognition rule is:
Take the identification fender post as example, at first in subway work supporting plane arrangenent diagram, identify candidate's fender post mark;
Then identify the fender post pile body according to rule, should satisfy simultaneously following 2 rules:
1) intersect circular of central coordinate of circle and candidate's fender post mark lead-in wire end points and with the station outside envelope curve tangent;
2) with rule 1) middle radius of a circle is identical, and distance of center circle is no more than the circle of 2 times of diameters.
At last according to rule, the candidate's that will overlap with the fender post central coordinate of circle fender post mark is defined as the fender post mark.
Secondly in subway work building enclosure drawing in side sectional elevation, identify candidate's fender post mark, then identify fender post transverse section pile body according to rule, should satisfy simultaneously following 2 rules:
1) mark lead-in wire end points between the closed area that is formed by sets of line segments in;
2) be fender post transverse section pile body from sets of line segments between the nearest closed area of mark lead-in wire end points.
Then according to rule, lead-in wire end points candidate's in the sets of line segments between closed area fender post mark is defined as the fender post mark.
According to rule, identify the corresponding stratum of fender post literal at last, mainly follow following 2 rules:
1) obtains the literal that all literal comprise " rock ", " plain fill " or " clay ";
2) with sets of line segments level between this closed area and y axial coordinate value minimum as the fender post base, literal y axial coordinate is more than fender post y axial coordinate, and is and nearest apart from the fender post base.
Take the identification rotary churning pile as example, at first in the building enclosure floor plan of subway work station, identify candidate's rotary churning pile mark, then identify the rotary churning pile pile body according to rule, should satisfy simultaneously following 2 rules:
What 1) central coordinate of circle and candidate's rotary churning pile mark lead-in wire end points intersected is circular and tangent or crossing with fender post, and radius is less than the fender post radius;
2) with rule 1) middle radius of a circle is identical, and distance of center circle is no more than the circle of 2 times of diameters and fender post diameter sum.
At last according to rule, the candidate's that will overlap with the rotary churning pile central coordinate of circle rotary churning pile mark is defined as the rotary churning pile mark.
(4) Architectural Elements mark: the element figure that identifies is carried out the Architectural Elements mark, give fender post pile body building attribute such as the circle that will meet fender post pile body rule, the line segment that will meet fender post mark rule is given fender post mark lead-in wire attribute.
And, described a kind of subway work drawing and engineering parameter automatic identifying method, wherein engineering parameter extraction module treatment scheme is:
(1) receives the advance data that the building pel extracts as engineering parameter;
(2) the Architectural Elements information that receives is put in order, according to engineering parameter extracting rule module, extract specific geometric attribute (such as coordinate information) and word attribute (such as the explanatory note in the mark);
(3) according to extracting rule, geometric attribute and the word attribute that extracts calculated and draws final engineering parameter.
The present invention proposes engineering drawing identification is applied to subway risk management engineering parameter field, can be by the parsing to electronic drawing, the final identification that realizes the Engineering technical parameters directly related with the construction safety risk identification such as subway station, running tunnel shape geological information, supporting structure system architectural drawing metamessage, engineering geology hydrologic condition, recognition result can call for subway work security risk analysis software systems simultaneously.The present invention has the following advantages:
(1) it is that a special risk management engineering parameter recognition technology scheme for the subway work drawing realizes, has filled up the blank that does not have at present special subway construction drawing risk management engineering parameter recognition technology scheme to realize;
(2) it has adopted computer means to identify the way of risk management engineering parameter, break away from the problem that manual read's engineering drawing workload was large in the past, the time long and easily make mistakes, greatly improved the efficient of the risk management engineering parameter identification of subway work drawing;
(3) its integrated application effectively raises the accuracy of Architectural Elements identification based on syntax rule coupling, realize based on the graphics template coupling with based on the concrete technical scheme that the Architectural Elements recognizer of topological structure coupling makes up subway work risk management Architectural Elements.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of subway work drawing of the present invention and engineering parameter automatic identifying method.
Fig. 2 is the operation phase process flow diagram of a kind of subway work drawing of the present invention and engineering parameter automatic identifying method.
Fig. 3 is that the engineering parameter of a kind of subway work drawing of the present invention and engineering parameter automatic identifying method extracts the stage process flow diagram.
Wherein, Subscriber Interface Module SIM 10, element figure recognition rule module 20, Architectural Elements recognition rule module 30, engineering parameter extracting rule module 40, element figure identification module 50, Architectural Elements identification module 60, engineering parameter extraction module 70.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment invention is further detailed.
As shown in Figure 1, the subway work drawing that the embodiment of the invention provides and engineering parameter automatic identifying method include Subscriber Interface Module SIM 10, element figure recognition rule module 20, Architectural Elements recognition rule module 30, engineering parameter extracting rule module 40, element figure identification module 50, Architectural Elements identification module 60 and engineering parameter extraction module 70, and each module can adopt computer software to realize according to technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art.
Subscriber Interface Module SIM 10 is used for realizing user interactions, the function that comprises two aspects: the first is accepted the user and is uploaded the subway work drawing file, then the subway construction drawing is carried out the file layout inspection, will be submitted to element figure identification module 50 by the subway work drawing file that checks.Subway construction drawing file layout checked can prevent from uploading mistake, must adopt the drawing file of DXF form could be by correct identification, if not, will not accept, and prompting user is uploaded the drawing file that meets form again.It two is with element figure identification module 50, Architectural Elements identification module 60 and engineering parameter extraction module 70 acquired results feedback users, thereby realizes that the user checks the function of uploading drawing file recognition result information.
In order to identify the subway work drawing, need to provide the recognition rule of corresponding cognitive phase.The embodiment of the invention provides element figure recognition rule module 20, Architectural Elements recognition rule module 30, engineering parameter extracting rule module 40.
Element figure recognition rule module 20 be used for to be preserved the rule that the identification element figure should be followed, and described element figure refers to the key elements such as the point, line, circle in the digital mapping.This cover element figure recognition rule is based on the DXF file layout and sums up, and described DXF file layout is the vector data file form for the opening of carrying out the cad data exchange between AutoCAD and other software of autodesk, inc.'s exploitation.
The inventor analyzes all subway work drawings that 10 workers are ordered, and sums up the element figure relevant with Architectural Elements and mainly contains 5 kinds, and is as shown in table 1:
Table 1 element figure
| The element figure code | The element figure title | Identifying information |
| Line | Line segment | Unique identifier, two-end-point coordinate, line style |
| LwpolyLine | Broken line | Unique identifier, two-end-point coordinate, line style |
| Circle | Circle | Unique identifier, central coordinate of circle, radius |
| Text | Text | Unique identifier, end points coordinate, literal |
| MText | Multiline text | Unique identifier, end points coordinate, group of text |
Described unique identifier refers to a unique character string, is used for different element figure object in the mark DXF form drawing.
Architectural Elements recognition rule module 30 is used for preserving the rule that the identification Architectural Elements should be followed, and described Architectural Elements refers to form the elementary cell of building, such as stake, column and support etc.
Because more, the information dispersion of subway work drawing Architectural Elements kind, array configuration be relevant with construction, need to make up the identification work that 3 kinds of different algorithms are finished Architectural Elements.
(1) algorithm 1: mate based on syntax rule
Be used for the identification engineering drawing standard drawing metasymbol little with the subway profession symbol degree of association based on the syntax rule coupling, its recognizer is: at first adopt first-order predicate logic that the identification syntax rule is described, then read engineering drawing data acquisition object to be identified attribute, carry out at last reasoning from logic, obtain matching result.
For example: the recognition rule to the mark lead-in wire adopts the first-order predicate logic formalized description to be:
Wherein: L-straight line set, the set of P-broken line, the YL-set that goes between
This recognition rule will mark lead-in wire and be defined as: 1) two summit intersecting straight lines, and angle is right angle or obtuse angle; 2) wherein a line is horizontal line.
The process prescription of identification mark lead-in wire is: search element figure information, find out L, P set, and traversal satisfies Intersect (m, n) element of a function, adds the YL set to, finishes the identification of mark lead-in wire.
(2) algorithm 2: mate based on graphics template
The structural method that belongs to the Symbol recognition field based on the graphics template matching algorithm.Be mainly used in identifying the Architectural Elements in the subway work drawing.Its recognizer is described as: the model of cognition of model Architectural Elements, then search for element figure, and it is carried out feature extraction, set up proper vector, last and model of cognition mates, and finishes identification work.The emphasis of the method is the rule description to every class template.
For the Architectural Elements with regular shape, for example: fender post is generally circle, can set up graphics template, and main recognition feature is: 1) circle; 2) contain " Φ ", " boring ", " stake " character in the mark; The space constraint rule is: tangent with the outer envelope curve of foundation ditch or the outer unwrapping wire of foundation ditch.The search element figure, detect its markup information whether with template matches, whether the detection space constraint is satisfied, whether the matching degree differentiation according to candidate symbol and template is fender post at last.Wherein, the space constraint rule is based on algorithm 3.
(3) algorithm 3: mate based on topological structure
In the subway work drawing, have relation of interdependence between some Architectural Elements, the restriction relation in this plane or space is referred to as topological constraints.For example: in metro station construction figure design, generally be arranged in the fender post outside as the rotary churning pile of water-stop curtain, and intersect with fender post or tangent.
Coupling based on topological structure is based on a kind of of constrained matching method, for above-mentioned figure with fixing topological constraints, can adopt the method identification.For example: the recognition rule of rotary churning pile adopts the BNF normal form to be described as:
＜rotary churning pile * 〉: :=＜the rotary churning pile face profile〉[＜rotary churning pile mark 〉]
＜rotary churning pile face profile 〉: :=＜circle〉＜space constraint〉＜dimension constraint 〉
＜space constraint 〉: :=tangent (fender post) | intersect (fender post)
＜dimension constraint 〉: :=D (rotary churning pile)＜D (fender post)
＜rotary churning pile mark 〉: :=Φ ﹠amp; Rotary churning pile
Its implication adopts natural language description to be: 1) circle; 2) tangent or crossing with fender post; 3) stake footpath＜bored piles footpath; 4) contain " Φ " ∩ " rotary churning pile " in the mark.
Mainly contain 7 kinds with the relevant Architectural Elements of identification, as shown in table 2:
Table 2 Architectural Elements
| The Architectural Elements code | The Architectural Elements title | Follow algorithm |
| StationSides | Envelope curve outside the station | Algorithm 1 |
| Guardpost | Fender post | 3 three kinds of algorithm 1 algorithm 2 and algorithms all need use |
| JetGroutingPile | Rotary churning pile | 3 three kinds of algorithm 1 algorithm 2 and algorithms all need use |
| SupportPillar | Support post | Algorithm 1 |
| SteelSupport | Steel supports | Algorithm 1 |
| Ground | Ground | Algorithm 1 and algorithm 2 all need use |
| Floor | Substrate | Algorithm 1 and algorithm 2 all need use |
Engineering parameter extracting rule module 40 be used for to be preserved the rule that the recognitive engineering parameter should be followed, and described engineering parameter refers to the geometric parameter of all kinds of Architectural Elements, physical parameter, and mechanics parameters etc. and are identified relevant engineering parameter and mainly contained 17 kinds, and are as shown in table 3:
Table 3 engineering parameter
| The engineering parameter code | The engineering parameter title | Algorithm |
| StationEndWellNum | Station end well number | Outside the station between the combination region of envelope curve limit greater than the number in standard paragraphs interval |
| StationLength | Packet length outside the station | Station outsourcing line endpoints x axle is at a distance of longest distance |
| StationWidth | Station standard paragraphs width | Station outsourcing line standard section end points y axle distance |
| GuardpostDia | Fender post stake footpath | The fender post radius value multiply by 2 |
| GuardpostFrom | Fender post stake heart distance | Fender post and a nearest fender post distance of center circle of band mark |
| JetGroutingPileDia | Rotary churning pile stake footpath | The rotary churning pile radius value multiply by 2 |
| JetGroutingPileFrom | Rotary churning pile stake heart distance | Rotary churning pile and a nearest rotary churning pile distance of center circle of band mark |
| SupportPillarSetUp | Support post sets up | Judge whether to exist the Architectural Elements support post |
| SteelSupportDia | Steel supports diameter | Steel supports the numeral of D=back in the mark |
| SteelSupportThickness | The steel support thickness | Steel supports the numeral of δ=back in the mark |
| StationHigh | The station standard paragraphs degree of depth | Ground and substrate y axial coordinate distance |
| StationFloorStratum | Stratum at the bottom of the foundation ditch | Basement strata mark literal |
| GuardpostHigh | The fender post stake is long | Fender post flash two-end-point y axial coordinate distance |
| GuardpostStratum | The fender post stratum | Fender post stratum mark literal |
| GuardpostInRockState | Fender post enters the rock state | Whether contain " rock " in the stratum literal of fender post |
| GuardpostDepthRatio | The fender post ratio that buries | Fender post flash two-end-point y axial coordinate (y1, y2) and substrate y axial coordinate (y) obtain by formula max (y1, y2)-y)/abs (y1-y2) |
| SteelSupportLayer | Steel supports the number of plies | Steel supports the mark number |
Element figure identification module 50 comprises the function of four aspects: the first receives the subway work drawing file information that Subscriber Interface Module SIM 10 transmits, and call recognition rule in the element figure recognition rule module 20, be element figure information with subway work drawing file information decomposition, described element figure information comprises the information such as the type, unique identifier, coordinate of element figure; And the element figure information after will decomposing is submitted to Architectural Elements identification module 60; And pass through Subscriber Interface Module SIM 10 with element figure information feedback user;
The element figure identifying processing flow process of the embodiment of the invention is:
(1) pre-service: the subway work drawing file that receives is converted to can be for the document flow of software identification;
(2) split file section:, each the graphic element file section in the Element section in the document flow is separated according to DXF file layout standard;
(3) resolve element figure: the recognition rule according in the element figure recognition rule module, the graphic element file section is filtered and information extraction, element figure information analysis that will be relevant with the subway risk management is out.
Take identification circular elements information as example, identification step is as follows:
(1) group code in the at first identification group is that 0 o'clock class value is the graphic element file section of " CIRCLE ", described group refers to that the minimum in the DXF file layout forms unit, and the first behavior integer claims group code, the corresponding class value of the second behavior, class value can be character string, also can be floating number;
(2) according to recognition rule, identify unique identifier, center of circle x axial coordinate, center of circle y axial coordinate, radius, the class value " E17 " of the corresponding group code 5 of difference, 10,20,40 times correspondences, " 259313.1607221237 ", " 391739.5216395766 " and " 500.0 ", and it is stored in the database, call in order to Architectural Elements identification module 60.
Architectural Elements identification module 60, be used for receiving the element figure information that element figure identification module 50 transmits, and call recognition rule in the Architectural Elements recognition rule module 30, be Architectural Elements information with the element figure information analysis, so-called Architectural Elements information refers to form the type information of Architectural Elements, such as fender post pile body, fender post mark lead-in wire and fender post mark literal etc.; And the Architectural Elements after will resolving is submitted to engineering parameter extraction module 70; And pass through Subscriber Interface Module SIM 10 with the Architectural Elements feedback user;
The building pel identifying processing flow process of the embodiment of the invention is:
(1) receives element figure: receive element figure and identify the candidate as Architectural Elements;
(2) preliminary identification: according to the recognition rule in the Architectural Elements recognition rule module, at first identify not needing to rely on the architecture information that other Architectural Elements can identify, mainly adopt algorithm 1 and algorithm 2;
Each subway Architectural Elements candidate's mark recognition rule is identical, should satisfy following rule simultaneously:
1) contains the specific character element set and (should comprise literal " X " or " Y " such as envelope curve outside the station, fender post should comprise literal " bored concrete pile " or " caisson " or " SWM stake ", rotary churning pile should comprise literal " rotary churning pile " etc., steel supports should comprise literal " steel support ", " D " and " δ ", support post should comprise literal " column ", ground should comprise literal " ground ", and substrate should comprise literal " substrate " or " at the bottom of the foundation ditch ");
2) apart from the parallel segment group in 1.5 times of distances of group of text;
3) end points corresponding to parallel segment group overlaps and has the sets of line segments of angle.
Take the outer envelope curve in identification station as example, at first in the building enclosure floor plan of subway work station, identify outside candidate's the station envelope curve and mark and then identify envelope curve outside the station according to rule, should satisfy simultaneously following 3 rules:
1) sets of line segments that envelope curve mark lead-in wire end points intersects and outside candidate's the station;
2) line style is the line segment of dotted line in the sets of line segments;
3) in sets of line segments, can form the line segment of enclosed region.
At last according to rule, the candidate's that will intersect with station outsourcing line endpoints the outer envelope curve mark in station is defined as that envelope curve marks outside the station.
To identify ground and substrate as example, at first in subway work building enclosure drawing in side sectional elevation, identify candidate's ground and substrate mark, then identify ground and substrate according to rule, should satisfy following rule simultaneously:
1) and the sets of line segments that intersects of candidate's ground or substrate mark lead-in wire end points;
2) the essentially identical sets of line segments of two-end-point y axial coordinate in the sets of line segments.
Then according to rule, the candidate's that will intersect with ground or substrate ground or substrate mark are defined as ground or substrate mark.
According to rule, identify the corresponding stratum of substrate literal at last, mainly follow following 2 rules:
1) obtains the literal that all literal comprise " rock ", " plain fill " or " clay ";
2) literal y axial coordinate is more than substrate y axial coordinate, and nearest apart from substrate.
Take the identification support post as example, the steel support and the support post mark that only need to identify the candidate in the building enclosure floor plan of subway work station get final product.
Be supported for example with the identification steel, the steel support and the support post mark that only need to identify the candidate in subway work supporting plane arrangenent diagram get final product.
(3) according to the recognition rule in the Architectural Elements recognition rule module 30 and the Architectural Elements that has identified, adopt 3 pairs of algorithms to need other Architectural Elements of dependence could identify successful Architectural Elements and identify;
Take the identification fender post as example, at first in subway work supporting plane arrangenent diagram, identify candidate's fender post mark
Then identify the fender post pile body according to rule, should satisfy simultaneously following 2 rules:
1) intersect circular of central coordinate of circle and candidate's fender post mark lead-in wire end points and with the station outside envelope curve tangent;
2) with rule 1) middle radius of a circle is identical, and distance of center circle is no more than the circle of 2 times of diameters.
At last according to rule, the candidate's that will overlap with the fender post central coordinate of circle fender post mark is defined as the fender post mark.
Secondly in subway work building enclosure drawing in side sectional elevation, identify candidate's fender post mark, then identify fender post transverse section pile body according to rule, should satisfy simultaneously following 2 rules:
1) mark lead-in wire end points between the closed area that is formed by sets of line segments in;
2) be fender post transverse section pile body from sets of line segments between the nearest closed area of mark lead-in wire end points.
Then according to rule, lead-in wire end points candidate's in the sets of line segments between closed area fender post mark is defined as the fender post mark.
According to rule, identify the corresponding stratum of fender post literal at last, mainly follow following 2 rules:
1) obtains the literal that all literal comprise " rock ", " plain fill " or " clay ";
2) with sets of line segments level between this closed area and y axial coordinate value minimum as the fender post base, literal y axial coordinate is more than fender post y axial coordinate, and is and nearest apart from the fender post base.
Take the identification rotary churning pile as example, at first in the building enclosure floor plan of subway work station, identify candidate's rotary churning pile mark, then identify the rotary churning pile pile body according to rule, should satisfy simultaneously following 2 rules:
What 1) central coordinate of circle and candidate's rotary churning pile mark lead-in wire end points intersected is circular and tangent or crossing with fender post, and radius is less than the fender post radius;
2) with rule 1) middle radius of a circle is identical, and distance of center circle is no more than the circle of 2 times of diameters and fender post diameter sum.
At last according to rule, the candidate's that will overlap with the rotary churning pile central coordinate of circle rotary churning pile mark is defined as the rotary churning pile mark.
(4) Architectural Elements mark: the element figure that identifies is carried out the Architectural Elements mark, give fender post pile body building attribute such as the circle that will meet fender post pile body rule, the line segment that will meet fender post mark rule is given fender post mark lead-in wire attribute.
Engineering parameter extraction module 70 is used for receiving the Architectural Elements information that Architectural Elements identification module 60 transmits, and calls recognition rule in the engineering parameter extracting rule module 40, and the engineering parameter information in the Architectural Elements information is extracted; And pass through Subscriber Interface Module SIM 10 with engineering parameter information feedback user.
The engineering parameter extraction process flow process of the embodiment of the invention is as shown in Figure 3:
(1) receives the advance data that the building pel extracts as engineering parameter;
(2) the Architectural Elements information that receives is put in order, according to engineering parameter extracting rule module 40, extract specific geometric attribute (such as coordinate information) and word attribute (such as the explanatory note in the mark);
(3) according to extracting rule, geometric attribute and the word attribute that extracts calculated and draws final engineering parameter.
Bury than as example to extract the engineering parameter fender post, step is as follows:
(1) according to one by one retrieval building pel, (y1=-80746.03147478621 y2=-104211.0142901415) takes out with substrate y axial coordinate value (y=-95211.01429014128) with fender post flash line segment two-end-point y axial coordinate value;
(2) bury than algorithm according to fender post in the engineering parameter extracting rule module 40, bring value into formula (max (y1, y2)-y)/abs (y1-y2))=14464.98281535507/23464.98281535529 and approximate 0.62.
Claims (7)
1. a subway work drawing and engineering parameter automatic identifying method, comprise: Subscriber Interface Module SIM, element figure recognition rule module, Architectural Elements recognition rule module, engineering parameter extracting rule module, element figure identification module, Architectural Elements identification module and engineering parameter extraction module, wherein:
Subscriber Interface Module SIM is realized user interactions;
Element figure recognition rule module is used for preserving the rule that the identification element figure should be followed;
The element figure identification module receives the subway work drawing file information of Subscriber Interface Module SIM transmission and the recognition rule that calls in the element figure recognition rule module is decomposed into element figure information with fileinfo, and by Subscriber Interface Module SIM element figure information is fed back to the user;
Architectural Elements recognition rule module is used for preserving the rule that the identification Architectural Elements should be followed;
The Architectural Elements identification module receives the element figure information that the element figure identification module transmits, and call recognition rule in the Architectural Elements recognition rule module, be Architectural Elements information with the element figure information analysis, and by Subscriber Interface Module SIM Architectural Elements fed back to the user;
Engineering parameter extracting rule module is used for preserving the rule that the recognitive engineering parameter should be followed;
The engineering parameter extraction module receives the Architectural Elements information that the Architectural Elements identification module transmits, and calls recognition rule in the engineering parameter extracting rule module, and the engineering parameter information in the Architectural Elements information is extracted; And by Subscriber Interface Module SIM with engineering parameter information feedback user;
It is characterized in that described element figure identification module treatment scheme is:
(1) pre-service: the subway work drawing file that receives is converted to can be for the document flow of software identification;
(2) split file section:, each the graphic element file section in the Element section in the document flow is separated according to DXF file layout standard;
(3) resolve element figure: the recognition rule according in the element figure recognition rule module, the graphic element file section is filtered and information extraction, element figure information analysis that will be relevant with the subway risk management is out.
2. a kind of subway work drawing according to claim 1 and engineering parameter automatic identifying method is characterized in that, described Architectural Elements identification module treatment scheme is:
(1) receives element figure: receive element figure and identify the candidate as Architectural Elements;
(2) preliminary identification: according to the recognition rule in the Architectural Elements recognition rule module, at first identify not needing to rely on the architecture information that other Architectural Elements can identify;
(3) secondary identification: according to the recognition rule in the Architectural Elements recognition rule module and the Architectural Elements that has identified, needs are relied on other Architectural Elements could identify successful Architectural Elements and identify;
(4) Architectural Elements mark: the element figure that identifies is carried out the Architectural Elements mark.
3. a kind of subway work drawing according to claim 1 and 2 and engineering parameter automatic identifying method is characterized in that, described engineering parameter extraction module treatment scheme is:
(1) receives the building pel;
(2) geometric attribute extracts: the Architectural Elements information that receives is put in order, extract geometric attribute and word attribute;
(3) engineering parameter calculates: according to engineering parameter extracting rule module, geometric attribute and word attribute be filled in the corresponding extracting rule calculate.
4. a kind of subway work drawing according to claim 1 and 2 and engineering parameter automatic identifying method is characterized in that, the recognition rule in the described element figure recognition rule module is:
。
5. a kind of subway work drawing according to claim 1 and 2 and engineering parameter automatic identifying method is characterized in that, recognition rule is in the described Architectural Elements recognition rule module:
Wherein, described algorithm 1 is to mate based on syntax rule; Its recognizer is: at first adopt first-order predicate logic that the identification syntax rule is described, then read engineering drawing data acquisition object to be identified attribute, carry out at last reasoning from logic, obtain matching result;
Described algorithm 2 is to mate based on graphics template; Its recognizer is: the model of cognition of model Architectural Elements, then search for element figure, and it is carried out feature extraction, set up proper vector, last and model of cognition mates, and finishes identification work;
Described algorithm 3 is to mate based on topological structure; In the subway work drawing, have relation of interdependence between Architectural Elements, the restriction relation in this plane or space is referred to as topological constraints, has the figure of fixing topological constraints, can adopt the method identification.
6. a kind of subway work drawing according to claim 1 and 2 and engineering parameter automatic identifying method is characterized in that, recognition rule is in the described engineering parameter extracting rule module:
。
7. a kind of subway work drawing according to claim 6 and engineering parameter automatic identifying method, it is characterized in that, all formulated corresponding specific rules for the identification in envelope curve, fender post, rotary churning pile, support post, steel support, ground and base outside the station in the described Architectural Elements recognition rule module.
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