CN102596278B - 包含含有双-(α-氨基-二醇-二酯)的聚酯酰胺的涂层 - Google Patents
包含含有双-(α-氨基-二醇-二酯)的聚酯酰胺的涂层 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种涂层,其包含至少一种可生物降解聚合物,该聚合物包含至少一种具有结构式(II)所示化学式的聚(酯酰胺)(PEA)或其共混物,其中R1独立地选自(C2-C20)亚烷基、(C2-C20)亚烯基、-(R9-CO-O-R10-O-CO-R9)-、-CHR11-O-CO-R12-COOCR11-及其组合;R3和R4在单独的共单体m或p中分别独立地选自氢、(C1-C6)烷基、(C2-C6)烯基、(C2-C6)炔基、(C6-C10)芳基、(C1-C6)烷基、-(CH2)SH、-(CH2)2S(CH3)、-CH2OH、-CH(OH)CH3、-(CH2)4NH3+、-(CH2)3NHC(=NH2+)NH2、-CH2COOH、-(CH2)COOH,-CH2-CO-NH2、-CH2CH2-CO-NH2、-CH2CH2COOH、CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-、式(a)、HO-p-Ph-CH2-、(CH3)2-CH-、Ph-NH-、NH-(CH2)3-C-、NH-CH=N-CH=C-CH2-;R5或R6独立地选自1,4:3,6-二脱水己糖醇的双环片段或者选自由(C2-C20)亚烷基、(C2-C20)亚烯基、烷基氧、Mw在44Da直至700Da范围内的低聚乙二醇、-CH2-CH-(CH2OH)2、CH2CH(OH)CH2组成的组,其中R5和R6并不相同;R7是氢、(C6-C10)芳基、(C1-C6)烷基、或保护基团如苄基-、或生物活性试剂;R8独立地是(C1-C20)烷基或(C2-C20)烯基;R9或R10独立地选自C2-C12亚烷基或C2-C12亚烯基;R11或R12独立地选自H、甲基、C2-C12亚烷基或C2-C12亚烯基。
Description
本发明涉及包含含有α-氨基酸-二醇-二酯的聚酯酰胺(PEA)的涂层。
基于α-氨基酸-二醇-二酯的聚酯酰胺(PEA)是本领域公知的并且由G.Tsitlanadze等人在J.Biomater.Sci.Polym.Edn.(2004)15:1-24中公开,该作者表明了酶介导的表面降解性和低炎性特性(K.DeFife等人在TranscatheterCardiovascularTherapeutics--TCT2004会议上)。这些性质使得PEA是用于不同医疗、药物应用的优异材料。物理和机械性质以及可生物降解特性可以仅仅通过在聚酯酰胺合成时改变构成嵌段中的三种组分-α-氨基酸、二醇和脂族二羧酸来进行调节。
EP-A-1603485中公开了包含α-氨基酸-二醇-二酯基聚酯酰胺的涂层以及这些聚合物在诸如支架的医疗器械中的用途。EP-A-1603485涉及一种涂层,其包含式I的α-氨基酸-二醇-二酯基聚酯酰胺(PEA),还被称为PEA-I,
其中:
-m为约0.1至约0.9;p为约0.9至约0.1;n为约50至约150;
-每个R1独立地为(C1-C20)亚烷基;每个R2独立地为氢或(C6-C10)芳基(C1-C6)烷基;
-每个R3独立地为氢、(C1-C6)烷基、(C2-C6)烯基、(C2-C6)炔基、或(C6-C10)芳基(C1-C6)烷基;并且每个R4独立地为(C2-C20)亚烷基。
PEA-I是包含α-氨基酸、二醇和脂族二羧酸的共聚物,其与脂族二羧酸和赖氨酸共聚合。生物试剂可以共价键合到赖氨酸部分的羧酸基团上。
如实施例中所表示的,已经在测试了PEA-I连同共价键合的生物活性试剂诸如4-氨基TEMPO在支架上的涂层。该聚合物表现为安全形式的可生物吸收聚合物。然而,该申请没有描述生物活性试剂4-氨基-TEMPO从PEA-I涂层的释放。
然而,需要一种包含PEA和生物活性试剂的涂层,从该涂层的释放是均匀的并且生物活性试剂从该涂层的释放速度可被设计。
因此,本发明的一个目的在于提供一种包含PEA和生物活性试剂的涂层,从该涂层的释放和释放速率可以容易地调节。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种包含PEA和生物活性试剂的涂层,从该涂层的释放模式是均匀的并且在头24小时内不会显示突发释放。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种包含PEA和生物活性试剂的涂层,从该涂层的释放模式可以显示为更长期的。
本发明的目的通过如下实现:提供适于涂布可植入器械的涂层,所述涂层包含至少一种可生物降解聚合物和分散的生物活性试剂,
其中,所述聚合物包括至少一种具有结构式(II)所示化学式的聚(酯酰胺)(PEA)或具有结构式(II)所示化学式的聚(酯酰胺)(PEA)的共混物,
其中
-m为约0.01至约0.99;p为约0.99至约0.01;q为约0.99至0.01;并且其中n为约5至约100;并且其中
-R1独立地选自由(C2-C20)亚烷基、(C2-C20)亚烯基、-(R9-CO-O-R10-O-CO-R9)-、-CHR11-O-CO-R12-COOCR11-及其组合组成的组;
-R3和R4在单独的共单体m或p中分别独立地选自由氢、(C1-C6)烷基、(C2-C6)烯基、(C2-C6)炔基、(C6-C10)芳基、(C1-C6)烷基、-(CH2)SH、-(CH2)2S(CH3)、-CH2OH、-CH(OH)CH3、-(CH2)4NH3+、-(CH2)3NHC(=NH2+)NH2、-CH2COOH、-(CH2)COOH,-CH2-CO-NH2、-CH2CH2-CO-NH2、-CH2CH2COOH、CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-、(CH3)2-CH-CH2-、H2N-(CH2)4-、Ph-CH2-、CH=C-CH2-、HO-p-Ph-CH2-、(CH3)2-CH-、Ph-NH-、组成的组;
-R5或R6独立地选自1,4:3,6-二脱水己糖醇的双环片段或者选自由(C2-C20)亚烷基、(C2-C20)亚烯基、烷基氧、Mw在44Da直至700Da范围内的低聚乙二醇、-CH2-CH-(CH2OH)2、CH2CH(OH)CH2组成的组,其中R5和R6并不相同,并且其中R5或R6中的至少一个是1,4:3,6-二脱水己糖醇的双环片段;
-R7是氢、(C6-C10)芳基、(C1-C6)烷基、或保护基团(诸如苄基-)、或生物活性试剂;
-R8独立地是(C1-C20)烷基或(C2-C20)烯基;
-R9或R10独立地选自C2-C12亚烷基或C2-C12亚烯基;
-R11或R12独立地选自H、甲基、C2-C12亚烷基或C2-C12亚烯基。
本发明的涂层以与上述公开的现有技术的式I的PEA相比含有额外嵌段p的聚酯酰胺为基础。业已发现,这种PEA嵌段共聚物提供了在生物活性试剂的释放方面的优异性质并且提供了通过调节m、p、q嵌段的量来调整生物活性试剂的释放的优异性质。此外,业已发现,这种聚合物保持并未共价键合的药物,从而可以避免初始的突发释放。该涂层还确保了生物活性试剂均匀地释放至少20天。
PEA聚合物本身是本领域公知的并且在US2008/0299174中公开。US2008/0299174公开了基于双-(α-氨基酸)-二醇-二酯并且包含两个双-(α-氨基酸)-基构建嵌段的PEA聚合物,并且表明了该聚合物在机械性质方面提供了显著改进。向两个双-(α-氨基酸)基构建嵌段中结合进至少两个线性饱和的或不饱和的脂族二醇残基(例如PEA的双-(α-氨基酸)-二醇-二酯的共单体)会增加所得聚合物的伸长性质。PEA共聚物似乎适于需要疏水性、相对高玻璃化转变温度(Tg)和可变伸长率或柔韧性性质的组合的某些应用。此外,还公开了用于将由PEA制成的固定器械固定到体内位点的方法。该器械在固定体内位点的同时生物降解从而生成基本上生物相容的分解产物。还公开了利用PEA组合物制作的生物相容性手术器械。然而,该公开并未提及用于生物活性试剂的释放的基于PEA的涂层。
因此,在优选的实施方式中,本发明提供涂层,其包含具有通用结构式(II)所述的化学结构的PEA共聚物组合物:其中
-m为约0.01至约0.99;p为约0.99至约0.01;q为约0.99至0.01;并且其中n为约5至约100;并且其中
-R1独立地选自由(C2-C20)亚烷基(诸如(CH2)4或(CH2)8)、(C2-C20)亚烯基、及其组合组成的组;
-R3和R4在单独的共单体m或p中分别独立地选自由氢、(C1-C6)烷基、(C2-C6)烯基、(C2-C6)炔基、(C6-C10)芳基(C1-C6)烷基、-(CH2)2S(CH3)组成的组;
-R5选自结构式(III)的1,4:3,6-二脱水己糖醇的双环片段;
-R6选自由(C2-C20)亚烷基(诸如环己二醇)、(C2-C20)亚烯基、烷基氧组成的组;
-R7是苄基;
-R8独立地是(C3-C6)烷基或(C3-C6)烯基。
本文所用术语“烷基”是指直链的或支链的链烃基,包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、正己基等。
术语“烯基”或“亚烯基”用在本文的结构式中意指直链中或支链中包含至少一个不饱和键的二价支化的或非支化的烃链。
本文所用术语“炔基”是指具有至少一个碳碳三键的直链或支链的链烃基。
关于本文的结构式,术语“芳基”用于表示苯基或者具有约9至10个环原子的邻位稠合的双环碳环基团,其中至少一个环是芳族的。芳基的实例包括但不限于苯基、萘基和硝基苯基。
共聚物中使用的α-氨基酸中的至少一种是天然的α-氨基酸。例如,当R3或R4是CH2Ph时,合成中使用的天然α-氨基酸是L-苯丙氨酸。在R3或R4是CH2--CH(CH3)2的替代方式中,共聚物包含天然氨基酸-亮氨酸。通过在本文所述两种共单体的变化范围内,独立地变化R3和R4,还可以使用其他天然α-氨基酸,例如甘氨酸(在R3和R4是H时)、丙氨酸(当R3和R4是CH3时)、缬氨酸(当R3和R4是CH(CH3)2时)、异亮氨酸(当R3或R4是CH(CH3)--CH2--CH3时)、苯丙氨酸(当R3或R4是CH2--C6H5时)、赖氨酸(当R3或R4是(CH2)4--NH2时)、或蛋氨酸(当R3或R4是--(CH2)2S(CH3)时)、及其混合物。
PEA共聚物优选具有在15,000至200,000道尔顿范围内的数均分子量(Mn)。本文所述的PEA共聚物可以以各种分子量、各种相对比例的共聚物的两种含双-(α-氨基酸)单元和可选的赖氨酸基单体来制备。本领域技术人员会容易地确定用于特殊用途的适当分子量。适当的Mn将为约15,000至约100,000道尔顿的量级,例如约30,000至约80,000,或约35,000至约75,000。Mn经由GPC在THF中以聚苯乙烯作为标准进行测量。
US2008/0299174公开了PEA的其他性质和制造方法,该专利文献通过引用插入本文。
业已发现,PEA聚合物的性质在定义涂层的表面性质方面起重要作用。例如,涂层整体性在很大程度上取决于形成涂层的聚合物的性质。提供非常低Tg的聚合物将得到无定形涂层材料,其在机械扰动(诸如卷曲、展开等)时具有不可接受的流变学行为。另一方面,提供高Tg的聚合物或高度结晶的涂层材料当例如被涂布在医疗器械上时将在高应变区域中变脆。本发明的涂层中使用的PEA包括在两个双-(α-氨基酸)基构建嵌段的至少一个中结合进1,4:3,6-二脱水己糖醇的双环片段作为二醇残基,从而赋予高于体温的(Tg)。通过进一步改变PEA中的其他构建嵌段,可以进一步调节Tg。优选地,PEA的Tg在约40至约65的范围内。Tg通过DSC测量。
令人惊讶地发现,可以通过改变聚合物的构建嵌段和通过改变PEA共聚物中的m、p、q嵌段的量来容易地设计释放时间。此外,聚合物/药品比在调整释放中起重要作用。优选地,聚合物/药品比为60/40(w%/w%);更优选地,聚合物/药品比为70/30(w%/w%)。还要更优选地,聚合物/药品比为75/25(w%/w%)。然而,聚合物/药品比取决于生物活性试剂的性质、应用以及取决于所需要的涂层厚度。
根据本发明的涂层优选是单层涂层。甚至更令人惊讶地,可由单层涂层调节释放,这是因为现有涂层通常需要更多层用来调节生物活性试剂的释放或者需要更多层用来将含药物的PEA层粘附到可植入器械的表面上。
根据本发明的涂层优选具有约1μm至100μm的厚度。更优选地,涂层具有约2-75μm的厚度,还要更优选约2-50μm的厚度,最优选约2-15μm的厚度。该涂层将在约12个月内失去其质量的100%。
采用PEA分散的生物活性试剂可以是任意试剂,如治疗试剂、预防试剂或诊断试剂。这些试剂可以具有抗增殖或抗发炎性质,或者可以具有其他性质,诸如抗肿瘤性质、抗血小板性质、抗凝血剂性质、抗纤维蛋白性质、抗血栓性质、抗有丝分裂性质、抗生素性质、抗过敏性质、抗氧化性质。此外,这些试剂可以是抑制细胞生长试剂(cystostaticagent)、促进内皮愈合的试剂、或促进内皮细胞的粘附、迁移和增殖同时抑制平滑肌细胞增殖的试剂。合适的治疗试剂和预防试剂的例子包括,具有治疗、预防和诊断活性的合成的有机和无机化合物,蛋白质和多肽,多糖和其他糖类,脂类,DNA和RNA核酸序列。核酸序列包括基因、反义分子(其结合到互补DNA上以抑制转录)和核酶。生物活性试剂的一些其他例子包括抗体,受体配体,酶,粘附肽,凝血因子,抑制剂或血块溶解剂如链激酶和组织纤维蛋白溶酶原激活剂(tissueplasminogenactivator),用于免疫的抗原,激素和生长因子,寡聚核苷酸如反义寡聚核苷酸和核酶,和用于基因治疗的逆转录病毒载体。抗增殖试剂的例子包括雷帕霉素(rapamycin)及其功能或结构衍生物,40-O-(2-羟基)乙基雷帕霉素(依维莫司,everolimus)及其功能或结构衍生物,紫杉醇及其功能和结构衍生物。雷帕霉素衍生物的例子包括ABT-578、40-O-(3-羟基丙基)-雷帕霉素,40-O-[2-(2-羟基乙氧基)乙基]-雷帕霉素和40-O-四唑雷帕霉素。紫杉醇衍生物的例子包括多西紫杉醇(docetaxel)。抗肿瘤试剂和/或抗有丝分裂试剂的例子包括甲氨蝶呤(methotrexate)、咪唑硫嘌呤(azathioprine),长春新碱(vincristine),长春碱(vinblastine),氟尿嘧啶(fluorouracil),阿霉素盐酸盐(例如,来自PharmaciaANDUpjohn,PeapackNJ.的阿霉素(R))和丝裂霉素(例如,来自Bristol-MyersSquibbCo.,Stamford,Conn.的突变霉素(R))。上述抗血小板试剂、抗凝血剂、抗纤维蛋白和抗血栓的例子包括,肝素钠(sodiumheparin),低分子量肝素(heparin),类肝素(heparinoid),水蛭素(hirudin),阿加曲班(argatroban),福斯科林(forskolin),伐哌前列素(vapiprost),环前列环素和环前列腺素类似物,右旋糖苷,D-phe-pro-arg-氯甲基甲酮(合成抗凝血酶),潘生丁(dipyridamole),糖蛋白类Hb/nia血小板膜受体拮抗剂抗体,重组水蛭素,凝血酶抑制剂如Angiomax(Biogen,Inc.,Cambridge,Mass.),钙通道阻滞剂(如硝苯地平),秋水仙碱,成纤维细胞生长因子(FGF)拮抗剂,鱼油(ω3-脂肪酸),组胺拮抗剂,洛伐他汀(lovastatin)(HMG-CoA还原酶的抑制剂,降胆固醇药物,来自MerckANDCo.,Inc.,WhitehouseStation,NJ的品牌Mevacor(R)),单克隆抗体(诸如对血小板衍生的生长因子(PDGF)受体具有特异性的那些),硝普盐(nitroprusside),磷酸二酯酶抑制剂,前列腺素抑制剂,苏拉明(suramin),5-羟色胺阻滞剂,类固醇,硫代蛋白酶抑制剂,三唑并嘧啶(PDGF拮抗剂),超氧化物歧化酶,超氧化物歧化酶模拟物,4-氨基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-I-氧基(4-氨基-TEMPO),雌激素,抗癌试剂,膳食补充剂如各种维生素,及其组合。包括类固醇的消炎试剂和非类固醇消炎试剂的例子包括:Biolimus,他克莫司(tacrolimus),地塞米松(dexamethasone),氯倍他索(clobetasol),皮质类固醇(corticosteroid)或其组合。上述抑制细胞生长物质的例子包括血管抑肽(angiopeptin),血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂,诸如卡托普利(captopril)(例如Bristol-MyersSquibbCo.,Stamford,Conn.的Capoten(R)和Capozide(R)),西拉普利(cilazapril)或赖诺普利(lisinopril)(例如MerckANDCo.,Inc.,WhitehouseStation,NJ的Prinivil(R)和Prinzide(R)。抗过敏药剂的例子是吡嘧司特钾(permirolastpotassium)。其他可能适当的治疗物质或试剂包括α-干扰素,吡美莫司(pimecrolimus),甲磺酸伊马替尼(imatinibmesylate),midostaurin,和经基因工程的上皮细胞。上述物质也可以以前药形式或其共药形式使用。上述物质还包括其代谢产物和/或代谢产物的前药。通过举例的方式列出,但并不意味着限制。
根据本发明的涂层可以包括进一步的生物活性试剂,这意味着第二种甚至第三种生物活性剂。这些进一步的生物活性剂可从上面提到的生物活性试剂中选择。优选地,所述进一步的生物活性剂选自生长因子(VEGF、FGF、MCP-1、PIGF),抗生素,消炎化合物,抗凝血化合物,抗跛行药物,抗心律失常药物,抗动脉粥样硬化药物,抗组胺剂,癌症药物,血管药物,眼科用药,氨基酸,维生素,激素,神经递质,神经激素,酶,显像剂,信号分子和精神药物。
根据本发明的涂层可以包含以微米粒子、纳米粒子或胶束形式的分散的生物活性试剂或进一步的生物活性试剂。
在进一步的实施方式中,根据本发明的涂层可以由单独的或与一种或更多种其他聚合物组合的本文所述PEA聚合物形成。具有代表性的聚合物包括但不限于聚(酯酰胺),聚羟基烷酸酯(PHA),聚(3-羟基烷酸酯)诸如聚(3-羟基丙酸酯)、聚(3-羟基丁酸酯)、聚(3-羟基戊酸酯)、聚(3-羟基己酸酯)、聚(3-羟基庚酸酯)和聚(3-羟基辛酸酯),聚(4-羟基烷酸酯)诸如聚(4-羟基丁酸酯)、聚(4-羟基戊酸酯)、聚(4-羟基己酸酯)、聚(4-羟基庚酸酯)、聚(4-羟基辛酸酯)及其共聚物(包括本文所述3-羟基烷酸酯和4-羟基烷酸酯单体中的任意一种)或共混物,聚(D,L-丙交酯),聚(L-丙交酯),聚乙交酯,聚(D,L-丙交酯-共-乙交酯),聚(L-丙交酯-共-乙交酯),聚己内酯,聚(丙交酯-共-己内酯),聚(乙交酯-共-己内酯),聚(二氧杂环己酮),聚(原酯),聚(三亚甲基碳酸酯),聚(酸酐),聚(酪氨酸碳酸酯)及其衍生物,聚(酪氨酸酯)及其衍生物,聚(亚氨碳酸酯)(poly(iminocarbonates)),聚(乙醇酸-共-三亚甲基碳酸酯),聚磷酸酯,聚磷酸酯氨基甲酸酯,聚(氨基酸),聚氰基丙酸酯,聚(亚氨基碳酸酯)(poly(iminocarbonate)),聚氨酯,聚膦腈(polyphosphazenes),硅酮,聚酯,聚烯烃,聚异丁烯和乙烯-α烯烃共聚物,丙烯酸类聚合物和共聚物,卤化乙烯聚合物和共聚物诸如聚氯乙烯,聚乙烯基醚诸如聚乙烯基甲基醚,聚偏卤乙烯诸如聚偏氯乙烯,聚丙烯腈,聚乙烯基酮,聚乙烯基芳族化物诸如聚苯乙烯,聚乙烯基酯诸如聚醋酸乙烯酯,乙烯基单体彼此的共聚物和与烯烃的共聚物诸如乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物、ABS树脂和乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物,聚酰胺诸如尼龙66和聚己内酰胺,醇酸树脂,聚碳酸酯,聚甲醛(polyoxymethylenes),聚酰亚胺,聚醚,聚(癸二酸甘油酯),聚(富马酸亚丙基酯),聚(甲基丙烯酸正丁酯),聚(甲基丙烯酸仲丁酯),聚(甲基丙烯酸异丁酯),聚(甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯),聚(甲基丙烯酸正丙酯),聚(甲基丙烯酸异丙酯),聚(甲基丙烯酸乙酯),聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯),环氧树脂,聚氨酯,人造纤维,人造纤维-三乙酸酯,醋酸纤维素,丁酸纤维素,醋酸丁酸纤维素,玻璃纸,硝基纤维素,丙酸纤维素,纤维素醚,羧甲基纤维素,聚醚诸如聚(乙二醇)(PEG),共聚(醚-酯)(例如PEO/PLA),聚亚烷基氧诸如聚(亚乙基氧)、聚(亚丙基氧),聚(醚酯),聚亚烷基草酸酯,聚磷腈,磷酰基胆碱,胆碱,聚(阿司匹林),带羟基单体(诸如HEMA、甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯(HPMA)、羟基丙基甲基丙烯酰胺、PEG丙烯酸酯(PEGA)、PEG甲基丙烯酸酯、2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基磷酰基胆碱(MPC)和N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮(VP))、带羧酸单体(诸如甲基丙烯酸(MA)、丙烯酸(AA)、烷氧基甲基丙烯酸酯、烷氧基丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸3-三甲基硅烷基丙酯(TMSPMA))的聚合物和共聚物,聚(苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯)-PEG(SIS-PEG),聚苯乙烯-PEG,聚异丁烯-PEG,聚己内酯-PEG(PCL-PEG),PLA-PEG,聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)-PEG(PMMA-PEG),聚二甲基硅氧烷-共-PEG(PDMS-PEG),聚(偏氟乙烯)-PEG(PVDF-PEG),PLURONICTM表面活性剂(聚亚丙基氧-共聚乙二醇),聚(四亚甲基二醇),羟基官能化的聚(乙烯基吡咯烷酮),生物分子诸如胶原、壳聚糖、海藻酸盐、纤维蛋白、纤维蛋白原、纤维素、淀粉、胶原质、右旋糖苷、糊精、透明质酸的片段和衍生物、肝素、肝素的片段和衍生物、糖胺聚糖(glycosaminoglycan)(GAG)、GAG衍生物、多糖、弹性蛋白、壳聚糖、海藻酸盐、或其组合。在一些实施方式中,本文所述涂层可以不包含上述聚合物中的任何一种。
在另一实施方式中,涂层可以进一步包含生物有益材料。生物有益材料可以是聚合的或非聚合的。生物有益材料优选基本上无毒的、非抗原性的、且非免疫原性的。生物有益材料是通过无结垢性、血相容性、有效地非血栓形成性或消炎性而增强器械的生物相容性的材料,所有这些并不依赖于药学活性试剂的释放。
具有代表性的生物有益材料包括但不限于聚醚诸如聚(乙二醇),共聚(醚酯)(例如PEO/PLA),聚亚烷基氧诸如聚(亚乙基氧)、聚(亚丙基氧),聚(醚酯),聚草酸亚烷基酯,聚磷腈,磷酰基胆碱,胆碱,聚(阿司匹林),带羟基单体(诸如甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEMA)、甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯(HPMA)、羟基丙基甲基丙烯酰胺、聚(乙二醇)丙烯酸酯(PEGA)、PEG甲基丙烯酸酯、2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基磷酰基胆碱(MPC)和N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮(VP))、带羧酸单体(诸如甲基丙烯酸(MA)、丙烯酸(AA)、烷氧基甲基丙烯酸酯、烷氧基丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸3-三甲基硅烷基丙酯(TMSPMA))的聚合物和共聚物,聚(苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯)-PEG(SIS-PEG),聚苯乙烯-PEG,聚异丁烯-PEG,聚己内酯-PEG(PCL-PEG),PLA-PEG,聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)-PEG(PMMA-PEG),聚二甲基硅氧烷-共-PEG(PDMS-PEG),聚(偏氟乙烯)-PEG(PVDF-PEG),PLURONICTM表面活性剂(聚亚丙基氧-共聚乙二醇),聚(四亚甲基二醇),羟基官能化的聚(乙烯基吡咯烷酮),生物分子诸如纤维蛋白、纤维蛋白原、纤维素、淀粉、胶原质、右旋糖苷、糊精、透明质酸的片段和衍生物、肝素、肝素的片段和衍生物、糖胺聚糖(GAG)、GAG衍生物、多糖、弹性蛋白、壳聚糖、海藻酸盐,硅酮,PolyActiveTM,或其组合。在一些实施方式中,涂层可以不包含上述聚合物中的任何一种。术语PolyActiveTM指具有柔性的聚(乙二醇)和聚(对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯)嵌段的嵌段共聚物(PEGTVPBT)。PolyActiveTM意欲包括具有上述PEG和PBT的片段的AB、ABA、BAB共聚物(例如聚(乙二醇)-嵌段-聚(对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯)-嵌段-聚(乙二醇)(PEG-PBT-PEG))。
本发明进一步涉及包含本发明的涂层的可植入器械。本文中的可植入器械可用于治疗、预防或改善医疗状况,诸如动脉粥样硬化、血栓形成、再狭窄、出血、血管切开或穿孔、血管瘤、易损斑块、慢性完全闭塞、跛行、吻合口增殖(用于静脉和人工移植)、胆管。
本文所用可植入器械可以是任何适当的可以植入人类患者或兽类患者的医疗基材。这种医疗器械的实例包括自膨胀支架、气球膨胀支架、支架移植物、移植物(例如大动脉移植物)、心瓣膜假体、脑脊髓液分流管、起搏器电极、导液管、心内膜导线(endocardiallead)(例如可得自GuidantCorporation,SantaClara,CA的FINELINE和ENDOTAK),吻合器械和连接器,整形外科植入物诸如螺钉、脊椎植入物和电刺激器械。事实上,器械的基础结构可以具有任何设计。器械可由金属材料或合金制成,所述金属材料或合金诸如是,但不限于,钴铬合金(ELGILOY),不锈钢(316L),高氮不锈钢例如BIODUR108,钴铬合金L-605,″MP35N″,″MP20N″,ELASTINITE(Nitinol),钽,镍-钛合金,铂-铟合金,金,镁,或其组合。″MP35N″和″MP20N″是可得自StandardPressSteelCo.,Jenkintown,PA的钴、镍、铬和钼的合金的商品名。″MP35N″由35%的钴、35%的镍、20%的铬和10%的钼组成。″MP20N″由50%的钴、20%的镍、20%的铬和10%的钼组成。由可生物吸收聚合物制成的器械(例如可生物吸收支架)或由生物稳定性聚合物制成的器械也可与本发明的实施方式一起使用。
优选地,可植入器械是支架。本文所述支架可用于各种医疗过程,包括例如用于由肿瘤引起的在胆管、食道、气管/支气管和其他生物学通道中的阻塞的治疗。具有上述涂层的支架特别可用于治疗由脂类沉积、单核细胞或巨噬细胞渗透、或功能紊乱的内皮而引起的血管的病变区域或其组合,或者由平滑肌细胞的异常或不适当迁移或增殖而引起的血管的闭塞区域,血栓症,和再狭窄。支架可以放置在多处血管中,包括动脉和静脉。具有代表性的位点的例子包括髂动脉、肾动脉、颈动脉和冠状动脉。
本文所述聚合物可以以许多方式涂布在可植入器械的表面上,所述方式诸如为本领域所公知的浸涂、喷涂、离子沉积等等。优选地,本发明的涂层被喷涂在可植入器械上。
为产生有利的治疗效果所必需的生物活性试剂的剂量或浓度应当低于该生物活性试剂产生有毒效应的水平并且高于无法获得治疗结果的水平。生物活性试剂的剂量或浓度可以取决于各种因素,诸如患者的具体情况、损伤的性质、所希望的治疗的性质、所使用的成分在血管位点保留的时间以及如果采用其他活性试剂,这种物质或物质组合的性质和类型。治疗有效剂量可以依经验确定,例如由适当的动物模型体系灌注脉管并且利用免疫-组织化学、荧光或电子显微镜方法来探测该试剂及其效果,或者进行适当的体外研究。本领域普通技术人员了解用于确定剂量的标准药物测试过程。
本文所用“可生物降解的”意指,所述聚合物至少能够在肌体的正常机能下分解成无毒的生物活性产物。可生物降解聚合物具有会提供生物降解能力的可水解酯链接,并且通常采用羧基封端。
本文所用术语“α-氨基酸”意指,含有氨基、羧基和本文所定义的R3或R4基团的化合物。本文所用的α-氨基酸意指,合成中使用的α-氨基酸是天然存在的L-苯丙氨酸、亮氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、赖氨酸或蛋氨酸,或其混合物。额外的天然氨基酸包括赖氨酸或鸟氨酸。
本文所用术语“生物活性试剂”是指,在哺乳动物(包括人类)中具有治疗、治愈或缓解效果的例如本文所述的试剂。本文公开的生物活性试剂并不结合到共聚物的骨架中,而是分散在PEA共聚物中。在一个实施方式中,至少两种不同的生物活性试剂分散在共聚物中。本文所用术语“分散的”在涉及生物活性试剂使用时意指,该生物活性试剂与PEA共聚物一起混杂、溶解或均化。
现在,参照以下仅用于说明的非限制性实施例详细地描述本发明。
实施例
材料和方法
磷酸盐缓冲盐水(PBS)购自BiochromAG。
雷帕霉素由CfmOskarTropitzsche.K得到直接使用。
体外释放方法
将金属合金支架在37℃静态条件下的2mlPBS缓冲液中温育。在特定时间点之后对缓冲液进行交换。药物(雷帕霉素)的释放由在278nm下光度计UV测量结果确定。
实施例1
涂层配制品通过如下制备:将雷帕霉素和式IV的PEA-3Bz聚合物(PEAIII)溶解在容易蒸发的溶剂中。将涂层配制品喷涂到支架上并且在室温下干燥。所得涂层具有60/40(w%/w%)的聚合物/药物比,和约5-6μm的涂层厚度。
实施例2
涂层配制品通过如下制备:将雷帕霉素和式V的PEA-2Bz聚合物(PEAII)溶解在容易蒸发的溶剂中。将涂层配制品喷涂到支架上并且在室温下干燥。所得涂层具有60/40(w%/w%)的聚合物/药物比,和约7μm的涂层厚度。
结果
由PEAII和PEAIII以及雷帕霉素一起在可比较的条件下得到的支架涂层在PEAII的例子中显示较快的释放。PEAII涂层能够释放雷帕霉素约20天,而由PEAIII的涂层能够释放雷帕霉素约45天。这些结果示于图1中。图1是PEAII和PEAIII涂层的四个测量结果的平均值。
Claims (9)
1.一种适用于涂布可植入器械的涂层,所述涂层包含至少一种可生物降解聚合物和分散的生物活性试剂,其中,所述聚合物包含至少一种具有式(II)所示化学结构的聚(酯酰胺)(PEA)或包含具有式(II)所示化学结构的聚(酯酰胺)(PEA)的共混物,
其中
-m为0.01至0.99;p为0.99至0.01;q为0.99至0.01;并且其中n为5至100;并且其中
-R1是-(CH2)8;
-R3和R4选自氢、-CH2-CH(CH3)2、-CH3、-CH(CH3)2、-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3、-CH2-C6H5、-(CH2)4NH2或-(CH2)2SCH3;
-R5或R6独立地选自1,4:3,6-二脱水己糖醇的双环片段或者选自由(C2-C20)亚烷基组成的组,其中R5是1,4:3,6-二脱水山梨糖醇(DAS)并且R5和R6并不相同;
-R7是氢、(C6-C10)芳基、(C1-C6)烷基、或保护基团诸如苄基-;
-R8是-(CH2)4。
2.根据权利要求1的涂层,包含进一步的生物活性试剂。
3.根据权利要求2的涂层,其中所述生物活性试剂选自生长因子,抗生素,消炎化合物,癌症药物,血管药物,眼科用药,维生素,激素,酶,显像剂或信号分子。
4.根据权利要求2的涂层,其中所述生物活性试剂可以以微米粒子、纳米粒子或胶束形式存在。
5.根据权利要求1的涂层,具有2-15μm的厚度。
6.根据权利要求3的涂层,其中所述生长因子为VEGF、FGF、MCP-1、或PIGF。
7.一种可植入器械,其包含权利要求1至6中任一项的涂层。
8.根据权利要求7的可植入器械,其中所述器械包括心脏起搏器,除颤器;用于上述的导线和电极,器官刺激物,假体,棒或移植物。
9.根据权利要求8的可植入器械,其中所述器官刺激物为神经、膀胱、括约肌或横膈膜刺激物。
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EP2784101A1 (en) | 2013-03-28 | 2014-10-01 | Nitto Europe N.V | Hydroxyphenyl functionalized poly(ester amide) |
AU2015366355B2 (en) | 2014-12-18 | 2020-05-28 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Drug delivery system for delivery of acid sensitive drugs |
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US11116211B2 (en) | 2018-03-09 | 2021-09-14 | The University Of Akron | Modification of segmented polyurethane properties by copolymerizing with pendant functionalized diols |
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US20060024357A1 (en) * | 2004-05-12 | 2006-02-02 | Medivas, Llc | Wound healing polymer compositions and methods for use thereof |
EP1737379A4 (en) * | 2004-04-05 | 2011-08-17 | Medivas Llc | BIOACTIVE VASCULAR STENTS FOR DIABETES TYPE II AND METHODS OF USE |
US8163269B2 (en) * | 2004-04-05 | 2012-04-24 | Carpenter Kenneth W | Bioactive stents for type II diabetics and methods for use thereof |
US20050271700A1 (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2005-12-08 | Desnoyer Jessica R | Poly(ester amide) coating composition for implantable devices |
EP1926780B1 (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2013-08-14 | Medivas, LLC | Bis-( -amino)-diol-diester-containing poly(ester amide) and poly(ester urethane) compositions and methods of use |
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2010
- 2010-10-18 JP JP2012533657A patent/JP5743287B2/ja active Active
- 2010-10-18 CA CA2774036A patent/CA2774036C/en active Active
- 2010-10-18 WO PCT/EP2010/065663 patent/WO2011045443A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-10-18 IN IN2078DEN2012 patent/IN2012DN02078A/en unknown
- 2010-10-18 US US13/395,527 patent/US20120282299A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-10-18 CN CN201080046859.6A patent/CN102596278B/zh active Active
- 2010-10-18 EP EP10765647A patent/EP2488225A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2016
- 2016-01-06 US US14/989,273 patent/US20160184490A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US6503538B1 (en) * | 2000-08-30 | 2003-01-07 | Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. | Elastomeric functional biodegradable copolyester amides and copolyester urethanes |
WO2006049913A1 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2006-05-11 | Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. | Poly(ester amide) filler blends for modulation of coating properties |
Also Published As
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JP5743287B2 (ja) | 2015-07-01 |
EP2488225A1 (en) | 2012-08-22 |
US20160184490A1 (en) | 2016-06-30 |
US20170216495A1 (en) | 2017-08-03 |
CA2774036A1 (en) | 2011-04-21 |
CA2774036C (en) | 2018-04-03 |
IN2012DN02078A (zh) | 2015-08-21 |
US20120282299A1 (en) | 2012-11-08 |
WO2011045443A1 (en) | 2011-04-21 |
CN102596278A (zh) | 2012-07-18 |
JP2013507217A (ja) | 2013-03-04 |
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