CN102562170B - Low-temperature hydraulic turbine - Google Patents
Low-temperature hydraulic turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102562170B CN102562170B CN201110455237.5A CN201110455237A CN102562170B CN 102562170 B CN102562170 B CN 102562170B CN 201110455237 A CN201110455237 A CN 201110455237A CN 102562170 B CN102562170 B CN 102562170B
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-temperature hydraulic turbine. A rotor impeller end and a nozzle set are completely arranged in a cavity in a volute; a volute main body is placed into a perlite sand cold-keeping box; a heat-insulating cushion for insulating is arranged between the volute and a shell, so that a cold screen is effectively realized; an oil seal with an oil slinger structure is not used in a rotor, so that the use of a rotating part is reduced and the running reliability is increased; the nozzle set is completely connected with the shell through a nozzle clamping flange; the compressing degree of a nozzle compressing plate to a nozzle blade is adjusted by a disc spring; a nozzle turntable is axially and rotatably connected with a nozzle chassis and a nozzle adjusting mechanism passing through the volute is used for adjusting an angle; an outlet of the impeller is connected with a pressure expanding pipe, so as to reduce the flow rate at the outlet of the impeller and reduce the flowing loss; a lateral sealing and a shaft sealing of a wheel cover are respectively fixed in the axial direction on the nozzle clamping flange and a sealing gas piece; and the sealing gas piece and the oil seal are both fixed in the axial direction on the shell through bolts, so that the axial part of the whole turbine is conveniently positioned and mounted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the field such as low-temperature liquefaction, cryogenic air separation hydraulic recovery technology, relate to a kind of footpath axial flow low-temperature hydraulic turbine, particularly a kind of cryogenic high pressure liquid reducing pressure by regulating flow hydraulic turbine.
Background technique
Energy-saving and emission-reduction are chief component and important guarantees of the global economy strategy of sustainable development, can effectively alleviate the restriction of energy bottleneck, set up energy-efficient society.In large-scale energy-dissipating device, the recovery of industrial complementary energy is one of key measure of energy-saving and emission-reduction, has great social benefit and economic value.Low-temperature hydraulic turbine is the substitute products of Jiao-soup body throttle valve in the high energy consumption low-temperature circulating devices such as sky divides, LNG Liquefied natural gas, it is in meeting the step-down of technological process needs, can effectively suppress vaporization, avoid the destruction of cavitation generation and the irreversible loss of highly pressurised liquid energy, and utilize the high-pressure energy generating of reclaiming, there is considerable economic benefit.
In published patent in recent years, relate to the having of footpath axial flow low-temperature hydraulic turbine " a kind of expansion machine rotor for highly pressurized liquid throttling " and " a kind of liquid expander ", the patent No. is respectively 200810150526.2 and 200910023562.7, and the immersion type liquid turbine for liquified natural gas step-down of Japanese Ebara company development, its patent No. is US2006/0186671A1." a kind of expansion machine rotor for highly pressurized liquid throttling " discloses a kind of expansion machine rotor for highly pressurized liquid throttling, rotor adopts impeller cantilever horizontal structure, in order to solve the harsh requirement of existing liquid expander to rate-of flow and brake power generating machine, can adopt common generator, pump or fan braking, be applicable to the medium step-down of arbitrary size flow.But in its structure, adopt disc, increased a rotating component, can reduce undoubtedly its overall mechanical property." a kind of liquid expander " discloses the full liquid expander of a kind of liquid throttling, can solve in the empty point flow process of existing tradition and adopt the problems such as the loss of Jiao-Tang pressure head that throttle valve brings, cavitation damage.But there is following shortcoming in it: 1) liquid expander loss of refrigeration capacity is larger, and its spray nozzle chassis one side is directly exposed in air, and opposite side is low temperature liquid working medium, very large by the cold loss caused by heat inleak of spray nozzle chassis, causes liquid expander overall efficiency to reduce.In addition, adopt the nozzle-regulation mechanism by spray nozzle chassis, can increase equally the loss of refrigeration capacity of decompressor, and caused reconciling mechanism and can not normally move; 2) between nozzle cover and spray nozzle chassis, be only connected by pin, the compression nargin of nozzle holddown spring can not regulate, and has increased the difficulty of axially locating installation and has been difficult to ensure precision; 3) impeller outlet is trailed to manage with nozzle sets and is installed and fix, and has increased the difficulty of complete machine axially locating; 4) impeller outlet does not use effective diffusion deceleration device, and outlet medium velocity is high, and flow losses are large.The hydraulic turbine of Ebara company of Japan development exists following shortcoming: 1) adopted the turbine rotor structural type coaxial with generator amature, therefore impeller size and generator size are suitable, and machine volume is larger, is only applicable to the application of large flow; 2) generator is immersed in cryogenic media completely, and its cable material, sealed insulation etc. are had high requirements; 3) single braking mode, only can use motor braking, the inapplicable braking such as the form such as blower fan, pump.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of cryogenic high pressure liquid throttling hydraulic turbine, in order to solve, existing low-temperature hydraulic turbine loss of refrigeration capacity is large, impeller outlet flow losses are large and the shortcoming such as complete machine structure location and installation difficulty, can effectively substitute the liquid throttle valve in the high energy consumption low-temperature circulating devices such as empty point of existing tradition, LNG Liquefied natural gas, reach reduction rate of gasification, reclaim the object of high-pressure energy.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technological scheme to be achieved:
A kind of low-temperature hydraulic turbine, comprises that rotor, casing, nozzle sets, spiral case, diffuser pipe, described rotor comprise main shaft, impeller, tooth cover or coupling.Main shaft is rotatably fixed in casing by two, axle journal place plain thrust bearing, main shaft two ends all adopt Axis Tripod form, its inflating end one side is connected with an impeller by impeller fastening screw trip bolt, and opposite side is connected with tooth cover or coupling, can select generator, pump or blower fan to brake; Described rotor avoids using disc structure oil sealing, has reduced the use of rotatable parts, has improved reliability of operation.
The realization of described cold barrier is mainly the Design Orientation of integrated model and nozzle arrangements, impeller of rotor end is included in spiral case cavity together with nozzle sets entirety, and it is heat insulation that spiral case place part entirety is put into pearlife cold insulated cabinet, between spiral case and casing, adopt mat insulation heat insulation simultaneously, low temperature liquid working medium is not directly contacted with the casing being exposed under atmosphere environment, therefore reduced to the full extent cold loss caused by heat inleak.
Described nozzle sets comprises spray nozzle turntable, spray nozzle chassis, nozzle cover, nozzle pressing plate, nozzle supported flange, nozzle vane, nozzle conciliation mechanism, and wherein whole nozzle sets is connected with sealing gas part by nozzle supported flange, and then is connected with casing; Nozzle vane is fixed between spray nozzle chassis, spray nozzle turntable and nozzle cover by straight pin flexible rotating, adopts the belleville spring of adjustable nargin to be compressed by nozzle pressing plate, has ensured that nozzle vane has certain pre-sigma compactness; Be connected in spray nozzle chassis to spray nozzle turntable axial rotation, be connected and then carry out nozzle angle adjusting with the nozzle-regulation mechanism through spiral case, to adapt to the variable parameter operation of unit.
What described diffuser pipe was axial is fixedly mounted on spiral case, in order to reduce impeller outlet flow velocity, reduces flow losses; What wheel cap side sealing was axial is fixed on nozzle supported flange, and shaft seal is fixed on sealing gas part, and sealing gas part and oil sealing are all axially fixed on casing by bolt, are convenient to the location and installation of complete machine axial members.
Compared with existing low-temperature hydraulic turbine technology, advantage of the present invention is: (1) has been used effective cold barrier structure, will effectively reduce complete machine cold loss caused by heat inleak, improves the energy utilization rate of system, reduces the energy consumption of cryogenic air separation, low-temperature liquefaction device; (2) the present invention has adopted diffuser pipe at impeller outlet place, can effectively reduce the flow velocity of impeller outlet, reduces flow losses; (3) the present invention has considered and has improved the structure of multiple associated components as a whole, is convenient to the location and installation of complete machine axial members.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is hydraulic turbine assembly structure figure of the present invention.
In Fig. 1: 1, spiral case; 2, mat insulation; 3, ice chest; 4, sealing gas part; 5, shaft seal; 6, oil sealing; 7, joint; 8, lifting bolt; 9, casing; 10, main shaft; 11, oil drainage hole; 12, plain thrust bearing; 13, sealing gland passage; 14, spray nozzle turntable; 15, bolt; 16, pin; 17, spray nozzle chassis; 18, nozzle vane; 19, impeller; 20, diffuser pipe; 21, impeller fastening screw trip bolt; 22, wheel cap side sealing; 23, nozzle cover; 24, straight pin; 25, belleville spring; 26, nozzle pressing plate; 27, nozzle supported flange.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of low-temperature hydraulic turbine, comprises casing 9; Plain thrust bearing 12; Rotor; Nozzle sets; Spiral case 1; Diffuser pipe 20; Sealing; Ice chest 3.Casing 9 comprises lifting bolt 8, oil drainage hole 11, and measuring temperature of bearing hole, bearing oil supply hole, sealing gland air vents etc., all have joint 7 to be connected with corresponding pipeline on it.Rotor comprises main shaft 10, impeller 19, tooth cover or coupling; Nozzle sets comprises spray nozzle turntable 14, spray nozzle chassis 17, nozzle cover 23, nozzle pressing plate 26, nozzle supported flange 27, nozzle vane 18, nozzle conciliation mechanism.Sealing comprises wheel cap side sealing 22, shaft seal 5, sealing gas part 4, oil sealing 6.
Main shaft 10 is rotatably fixed in casing 9 by two plain thrust bearings 12 in about axle journal place, when ensureing rotor operation axial and footpath is upwards reliable and stable.Main shaft 10 impeller end triangle shaft parts are connected by impeller fastening screw trip bolt 21 with the triangle axis hole of impeller 19, and the other end of main shaft 10 is connected with tooth cover or coupling, therefore can select various ways to brake.Impeller 19 has adopted enclosed footpath axial-flow blower, also can adopt semi-open type or unshrouded impeller.Described rotor has been avoided use disc structure oil sealing, has reduced the use of rotatable parts, has improved reliability of operation.Working medium radially enters from impeller inlet, flows out substantially vertically at impeller outlet, has met the requirement that exports nearly zero whirlpool scheme, thereby has reduced the flow losses of impeller inside.
Nozzle supported flange 27 axial compression ground in nozzle sets are connected by bolt 15 whole nozzle sets with sealing gas part 4, and then are axially connected and fixed with casing 9; Spray nozzle chassis 17 is axially fixed on sealing gas part 4 by bolt; Nozzle vane 18 is fixed between spray nozzle chassis 17, spray nozzle turntable 14 and nozzle cover 23 by straight pin 24 flexible rotatings, is adopted belleville spring 25 by its compression and is kept certain pre-sigma compactness by nozzle pressing plate 26; Spray nozzle turntable 14 is circumferentially connected in spray nozzle chassis 17 rotationally by pin 16, carries out nozzle angle adjusting by nozzle-regulation mechanism; Simultaneously, wheel cap side sealing 22 by bolt axis to be fixed on nozzle supported flange, shaft seal 5 is bolted on sealing gas part 4, makes whole nozzle sets and enclosing cover for impeller side sealing 22 be combined as a whole and be fixed on casing 9 with wheel dorsal part shaft seal 5.
As shown in Figure 1, what oil sealing 6 was axial is fixed on casing 9, reaches the object of oil sealing by the sealing tooth on it and logical blanket gas; What diffuser pipe 20 was axial is fixed on spiral case 1, reduces impeller outlet flow velocity, reduces flow losses.
The global design of hydraulic turbine is included impeller of rotor end in spiral case 1 cavity in together with nozzle sets entirety, avoid low temperature liquid working medium directly to contact with the casing 9 being exposed under atmosphere environment, farthest reduce cold loss caused by heat inleak, between spiral case 1 and casing 9, adopt mat insulation 2 heat insulation simultaneously, and it is heat insulation that spiral case place part entirety is put into pearlife HEATING BOX 3, to reduce loss of refrigeration capacity.
Working principle of the present invention is: the throttle effect of utilizing cryogenic high pressure liquid, make the energy of the cryogenic high pressure liquid that enters hydraulic turbine in impeller, be converted into mechanical energy, and export by main shaft, realize hydraulic recovery, effectively suppress vaporization simultaneously or avoid the generation of gasifying completely, thereby improve the extraction ability of a whole set of air separation plant, reduced the energy consumption of system.
Cryogenic high pressure liquid is after piping enters into spiral case 1, runner by spiral case 1 inside is assigned to working medium on nozzle ring uniformly, via the rear acquisition acceleration of nozzle vane 18, pressure energy is converted into kinetic energy, then radially flow into the entrance of impeller 19 shown in Fig. 1, its acting after impeller 19, the kinetic energy that its pressure energy and kinetic transformation are rotor drives it to run up.Liquid refrigerant step-down has reached the required static pressure of technological process and has flowed out from impeller 19 outlet ports after doing manual work.Impeller 19 is connected and fixed by the form of Axis Tripod with main shaft 10, because Axis Tripod has larger moment of inertia and very high strength and stiffness, can ensure well-formed's stress distribution, is therefore applicable to the high rotating speed of hydraulic turbine, feature that power is larger.The working medium flowing out from impeller enters diffuser pipe, and axial velocity reduces gradually, has reduced the flow losses of subsequent flowing process, and pressure slightly raises simultaneously.The cold barrier way to solve the problem of described low-temperature hydraulic turbine: impeller of rotor end is included in spiral case 1 cavity together with nozzle sets entirety, and spiral case place part entirety is put into pearlife HEATING BOX 3 heat-insulation and heat-preservations, low temperature liquid working medium is not directly contacted with the casing 9 being exposed under atmosphere environment, therefore reduce to the full extent cold loss caused by heat inleak, between spiral case 1 and casing 9, adopt mat insulation 2 heat insulation, to reduce loss of refrigeration capacity simultaneously.
The above, it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not the present invention is done to any pro forma restriction, although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, but not in order to limit the present invention, any those skilled in the art, do not departing within the scope of technical solution of the present invention, when can utilizing the method for above-mentioned announcement and technology contents to make a little change or being modified to the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, in every case be the content that does not depart from technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification of above embodiment being done according to technical spirit of the present invention, equivalent variations and modification, still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a low-temperature hydraulic turbine, comprise rotor, casing, nozzle sets, spiral case and diffuser pipe, it is characterized in that: the impeller end of described rotor is included in spiral case cavity together with nozzle sets entirety, it is heat insulation that spiral case place part entirety is put into pearlife cold insulated cabinet, adopts mat insulation heat insulation between spiral case and casing simultaneously; Described nozzle sets entirety is connected with casing by nozzle supported flange, and what nozzle supported flange was axial is fixed with wheel cap side sealing; On described casing by bolt axis to being fixed with sealing gas part and oil sealing, the axial shaft seal that is fixed with on sealing gas part; What described diffuser pipe was axial is fixedly mounted on spiral case, and complete machine structure is convenient to axial precise positioning installation.
2. low-temperature hydraulic turbine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described rotor comprises main shaft, impeller, also comprises tooth cover or coupling; Described main shaft is rotatably fixed in casing by two, axle journal place plain thrust bearing, and main shaft two ends all adopt Axis Tripod form, and main shaft inflating end one side is connected with an impeller by impeller fastening screw trip bolt, and main shaft inflating end opposite side is connected with tooth cover or coupling.
3. low-temperature hydraulic turbine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: impeller outlet connects diffuser pipe, to reduce impeller outlet flow velocity, reduces flow losses.
4. low-temperature hydraulic turbine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described nozzle sets comprises spray nozzle turntable, spray nozzle chassis, nozzle cover, nozzle pressing plate, nozzle supported flange, nozzle vane, nozzle conciliation mechanism, wherein whole nozzle sets is connected with sealing gas part by nozzle supported flange, and then is connected with casing; Nozzle vane is fixed between spray nozzle chassis, spray nozzle turntable and nozzle cover by straight pin flexible rotating, is connected in spray nozzle chassis to spray nozzle turntable axial rotation, is connected with the nozzle-regulation mechanism through spiral case.
5. low-temperature hydraulic turbine as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: described nozzle vane adopts the belleville spring of adjustable nargin to be compressed by nozzle pressing plate, and nozzle pressing plate utilizes belleville spring to regulate the compaction degree of nozzle vane.
6. low-temperature hydraulic turbine as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described main shaft inflating end opposite side is connected with tooth cover or coupling, selects generator, pump or blower fan to drive.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110455237.5A CN102562170B (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2011-12-30 | Low-temperature hydraulic turbine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110455237.5A CN102562170B (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2011-12-30 | Low-temperature hydraulic turbine |
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| CN102562170A CN102562170A (en) | 2012-07-11 |
| CN102562170B true CN102562170B (en) | 2014-09-03 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2584188A1 (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2013-04-24 | Cryostar SAS | Cryogenic liquid expansion turbine |
| US9534576B2 (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2017-01-03 | Xi'an Jiaotong University | Cryogenic liquid turbine |
| CN102808773B (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2015-03-25 | 合肥工业大学 | Pump with replaceable assembled liner |
| CN103746493B (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2016-08-17 | 天津大学 | A kind of main shaft sealing device of the high rate turbine-electromotor being applied to ORC |
| CN111649004B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2024-08-30 | 浙江理工大学 | Reverse rotation hydraulic turbine device of high-speed centrifugal pump |
| CN112899039A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-04 | 西安交通大学 | Pressure reduction and energy saving method and system used in low-temperature methanol washing process flow |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101302941A (en) * | 2007-05-01 | 2008-11-12 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | Turbocharger with sliding piston, having overlapping fixed and moving vanes |
| CN101333995A (en) * | 2008-08-01 | 2008-12-31 | 西安交通大学 | Expansion machine rotor for highly pressurized liquid throttling |
| CN101644170A (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2010-02-10 | 西安交通大学 | Liquid expander |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006230145A (en) * | 2005-02-18 | 2006-08-31 | Ebara Corp | Submerged turbine generator |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101302941A (en) * | 2007-05-01 | 2008-11-12 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | Turbocharger with sliding piston, having overlapping fixed and moving vanes |
| CN101333995A (en) * | 2008-08-01 | 2008-12-31 | 西安交通大学 | Expansion machine rotor for highly pressurized liquid throttling |
| CN101644170A (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2010-02-10 | 西安交通大学 | Liquid expander |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 样军虎等.能量回收液力透平研究综述.《流体机械》.2011,第39卷(第6期),全文. |
| 能量回收液力透平研究综述;样军虎等;《流体机械》;20110630;第39卷(第6期);第29-33页 * |
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Effective date of registration: 20221118 Address after: 710075 Room 106, B1, Phase I, Yungu, Fengxi New Town, Xixian New Area, Xi'an, Shaanxi Patentee after: Kaishan (Xi'an) Turbine Machinery Co.,Ltd. Address before: 710049 No. 28 West Xianning Road, Shaanxi, Xi'an Patentee before: XI'AN JIAOTONG University |