CN102566408B - Calibration system for satellite clock and calibration method thereof - Google Patents
Calibration system for satellite clock and calibration method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the calibration of a satellite clock, and discloses a calibration system for a satellite clock and a calibration method of the system. The calibration system comprises a satellite clock source, a satellite measuring and controlling system, a satellite load system, a ground measuring and controlling station, a ground application station and a clock error fitting server. The calibration method comprises the following steps: 1) compiling a satellite program control operation sheet and loading to a satellite; 2) executing program control operation; 3) generating load data; 4) downloading load data; 5) analyzing the load data to calculate current UTC (Coordinated Universal Time); and 6) carrying out clock data fitting, and giving a corresponding relation between satellite time and the UTC. According to the calibration system for a satellite clock and the calibration method, the current problem that only satellite clock source precision is blindly improved to cause the complicated design of the satellite clock system and a control system, but the improvement effect of the practical working precision is not obvious can be solved. The working precision of the satellite is economically and reliably improved with a large-system closed loop feedback method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the calibration system of satellite clock, the invention still further relates to the calibration steps of this satellite clock calibration system.
Background technology
Clock on artificial satellite, have an alias " location clock ", namely, under the condition of the accurate track of known satellite, according to the flashy time tag of satellite, can determine image that satellite gathers from the earth or the exact position of data.The flying speed of artificial earth satellite is greatly about 8 kilometers left and right of per second, and when 1 millisecond of clock error, positioning precision is 8 meters.Hence one can see that, improve the remote sensing image data positioning precision, just needs to improve the precision of clock.
At present, in order to the method that improves clock accuracy, mainly pass through to use the clock source of expensive high precision high stability degree on satellite, such as with rubidium clock, caesium clock, hydrogen clock, replacing crystal oscillator; Logic and software when this just need to design complicated school on satellite, when concentrating school, evenly during school, during the GPS school etc. during the combination school.While concentrating school, evenly calibration method needs more manual intervention, satellite-control station need to often carry out that the star ground time difference is detected and the remote control notes several during to school parameter adjust.Though during the GPS school, front several method is simple, but high orbit satellite, satellite can't obtain gps data, thereby can not use the GPS calibration method, and due to GPS, controlled the situations such as its constellation adjustment by the U.S. and need carry out relative set to GPS Receiver of Satellite, cause current GPS receiving system still very unreliable.During the star colonel, on the operation handlebar star, time check and correction is near the UTC time, and this method has caused the discontinuous of time on the star.While causing equipment relevant with the time on star to be processed temporal information, all to carry out complicated judgement, occur that the equipment work schedule is chaotic, instruction is omitted and carried out, the problems such as conflict are carried out in instruction while preventing on star time saltus step forward or backward.Increase complexity for the design of on-board equipment, reduced the reliability of satellite.
The degree of accuracy of rubidium clock, caesium clock, these atomic clocks of hydrogen clock, degree of stability no doubt improve 3,4 orders of magnitude than crystal oscillator, but its price is also very expensive, and these atomic clocks mostly are sinusoidal wave radio frequency interface, than the OC door pulse signal complex interfaces of crystal oscillator, and atomic clock has proposed higher requirement to the thermal control aspect of satellite.Moreover atomic clock has only improved the degree of accuracy of spaceborne clock, according to clock on star, does not carry out the error of load operation control and manage to reduce satellite control system, the overall operation control accuracy of its satellite still can't guarantee.
Above-mentioned these improve the method for clock accuracy, exist apparent in view deficiency.The satellite clock calibration steps of a kind of unity feedback ground match clock that the present invention proposes can change these deficiencies.This method is that remote operation control information, Job execution information are carried out respectively to the sign of time on ground elapsed time, star, by remote sensing images or data are carried out to surface cover icon school, ground, star ground time difference ground data by ground control station records, deposit clocking error match server in.By server, calculate time delays such as deducting star ground propagation delay time, ground receiving equipment Time Delay of Systems, stochastic error is carried out to Mathematical Fitting, for the operation control of planning provides foundation opportunity, thereby improved the satellite homework precision.Like, the clock of family is fast 1 second every day, and being not all needs to dial clock every day to proofread and correct, but, after the readout clock data, postpones some times when carrying out operation.
Do not find at present explanation or the report of technology similar to the present invention, not yet collect both at home and abroad similarly data yet.
Summary of the invention
The problem existed in order to solve above-mentioned prior art, effectively provide the time precision of control load work and for the time precision of load target localization, and don't the complicacy designed on the increase star, the first scheme of purpose of the present invention, be to provide a kind of calibration system of satellite clock, utilize the present invention, not only improve the precision of clock alignment, and reduced complicacy and the manufacturing cost of design.
In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the alternative plan of the object of the invention, the calibration steps of above-mentioned satellite clock system also is provided, by the temporal information in the collection load data, carries out the clock correcting method of large system time feedback closed loop, thus the purpose while reaching accurate school.
In order to reach the foregoing invention purpose, the first scheme of the present invention, be to provide a kind of calibration system of satellite clock for solving technical scheme that its technical matters adopts, and this system comprises:
Satellite clock source: be connected with satellite TT&C system, satellite load system, stable clock microsecond counting is provided;
Satellite TT&C system: receive remote operation and annotate number and control the work of satellite load system according to clock information;
The satellite load system: according to the control information of TT&C system, carry out work, and under the data affix clock information tag feedback of satellite load system collection, reaching the Ground Application station;
Ground control station: generate telecommand and clock information and be uploaded to satellite TT&C system;
Ground Application station: receive the load operational data that satellite passes down, generate departure information transmission clock error match server;
Clocking error match server: clock, actual execution time triadic relation on comparison instruction control time, star, simulate the clocking error curve, generated clock information sends ground control station.
Alternative plan of the present invention, be to provide a kind of calibration steps of satellite clock calibration system for solving the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme adopted, comprise the steps:
(1) on the program control schedule work of establishment satellite, annotate satellite; According to ground control station instrumented satellite track, the time on the star when the calculating satellite flies over calibration target; Program control schedule work according to this time layout satellite; Program control schedule work comprises time, the control parameter that load steering order, instruction are carried out; By ground control station on program control schedule work, annotating to satellite;
(2) carry out program control schedule work; Satellite TT&C system is decoded after receiving ground notes number, when the time, the and instruction start time was consistent on star, controls the work of satellite load system;
(3) generate load data, play timestamp storage; The satellite load system is started shooting according to instruction, receives known remote sensing images; The attitude information of time, satellite on the star of the time of reception is attached on image data frame, deposits mass storage on star in;
(4) lower posting lotus data; When satellite flies through the Ground Application station, the lower remote sensing image data passed with temporal information, attitude of satellite information;
(5) resolve load data and calculate the UTC time at that time; Frame, processing are separated after receiving data in the Ground Application station; The track of the position according to calibration target on image, the attitude of satellite, satellite can calculate the UTC time that satellite obtains these width remote sensing images; This UTC time is sent to clocking error match server together with the time on star in the remote sensing image data frame;
(6) carry out the clock data match, provide the corresponding relation of time and UTC time on star; Clock
Error match server receives time and UTC time on the star in a certain moment, and they are deposited in to database; According to the different qualities of collecting data, can carry out the processing of distinct methods, provide the corresponding relation of time and UTC time on star.
The calibration system of satellite clock of the present invention and calibration steps thereof, owing to taking technique scheme, by clock and the relation of UTC time on clocking error match server comparison star, simulate clock and the corresponding curve of UTC clock on star; Starting Executing Time and real load working effect are controlled in comparison, execution time curve corresponding to actual execution time controlled in match, therefore, the invention solves in the past for improving the precision of clock source on satellite operating accuracy raising star simply, make the design of clock system on star, control system complicated, and the real work precision is improved the little problem of effect.In addition, the present invention is by the method for large system close-loop feedback, economic, as to have realized reliably satellite operating accuracy raising.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the calibration system block diagram of satellite clock of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is clocking error fitted figure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the local detail of clocking error fitted figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
The preferred embodiment of the calibration system of the present invention's the first scheme satellite clock is described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is clock alignment system chart of the present invention; As shown in the embodiment of Fig. 1, this calibration system comprises:
Satellite clock source 1: be connected with TT&C system 2, load system 3, stable clock microsecond counting is provided; Clock source is constant-temperature crystal oscillator, and it provides the continuous microsecond in n position (for example: 64) to count, and it is complete zero before satellite launch, clock source being powered up to also initialize, operation while school not being carried out in this n position on star; Can be attached to real-time 64 bit clock information on current star on the data of load collection;
Satellite TT&C system 2: receive remote operation and annotate number and control 3 work of satellite load system according to clock information;
Satellite load system 3: according to the control information of satellite TT&C system 2, carry out work, and under the data affix clock information tag feedback of load collection, reaching Ground Application station 5;
Ground control station 4: generate telecommand and clock information and be uploaded to satellite TT&C system 2;
Ground Application station 5: receive the load operational data that satellite passes down, generate departure information transmission clock error match server 6; Receive the load data that satellite passes down, UTC time corresponding to data provided according to the load marking target, and this UTC time is carried out to association with being attached to the time on 64 stars on load data.Two times are together sent to clocking error match server.
Clocking error match server 6: clock, actual execution time triadic relation on comparison instruction control time, star, simulate the clocking error curve, generated clock information sends ground control station 4.Time T 1 on the initial star of execution about this subjob of X satellite of reception ground control station 4, the UTC time U2 about time T 2 correspondences on this subjob culminant star of X satellite at reception Ground Application station 5 ... the UTC time Un that on this subjob culminant star, time T n is corresponding.To data to (T2, U2), (T3, U3) ... (Tn, Un) analyzes and can provide clock and UTC corresponding time relationship on star; By analyzing the delayed data of T1 and T2, can annotate number for ground and schedule work is set reference is provided.
Below the calibration steps of alternative plan satellite clock of the present invention is described.
The remote sensing satellite of take is example explanation calibration process.Calibration target, the accurate longitude and latitude of known calibration target generally are set on ground within Chinese territory when calibration.When overseas calibrating, can be using some known conspicuous objects as calibration target.By some channel or reckoning, draw the accurate longitude and latitude of target.Under both of these case, the remote sensing target all is referred to as calibration target.
Alternative plan of the present invention, the calibration steps of satellite clock comprises the steps:
(1) on the program control schedule work of establishment satellite, annotate satellite.According to ground observing and controlling system instrumented satellite track, the time on the star when the calculating satellite flies over calibration target.Program control operation according to this time layout satellite.Program control schedule work comprises time that load steering order, instruction carry out, control the information such as parameter.By ground control station on program control schedule work, annotating to satellite.
(2) carry out program control operation.Satellite TT&C system is decoded after receiving ground notes number, when the time, the and instruction start time was consistent on star, controls load system work.In this example, load system is satellite-borne remote sensing system.
(3) generate load data, play timestamp storage.The load remote sensing system is started shooting according to instruction, receives known remote sensing images.The attitude information of time, satellite on the star of the time of reception is attached on image data frame, deposits mass storage on star in.
(4) lower posting lotus data.When satellite flies through the Ground Application station, the lower remote sensing image data passed with temporal information, attitude of satellite information.
(5) resolve load data and calculate the UTC time (universal coordinated time) at that time.Frame, processing are separated after receiving data in the Ground Application station.The track of the position according to calibration target on image, the attitude of satellite, satellite can calculate the UTC time that satellite obtains these width remote sensing images.This UTC time is sent to clocking error match server together with the time on star in the remote sensing image data frame.
(6) carry out the clock data match, provide the corresponding relation of time and UTC time on star.Clocking error match server receives time and UTC time on the star in a certain moment, and they are deposited in to database.According to the different qualities of collecting data, can carry out the processing of distinct methods, provide the corresponding relation of time and UTC time on star.
According to above six steps, just can draw the corresponding relation of time and UTC time on star.In the program control operation of certain satellite afterwards, Ground Application just can be drawn the UTC time of obtaining these remote sensing images by timestamp on star according to this corresponding relation after standing in and receiving the satellite remote sensing images data.According to the UTC time, the track of satellite, the attitude of satellite just can calculate the position of target in image at that time.
Fig. 2 is clocking error fitted figure of the present invention, and as shown in Figure 2, the UTC time of horizontal ordinate for calculating according to remote sensing images, ordinate is the time on the star in the remote sensing image data frame.Time corresponding point on UTC time when in figure, stain is certain radar imagery, star.According to method of interpolation, generate matched curve.
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing of clocking error fitted figure of the present invention, and " 2010-1-20 1:23:23 370 ' 135 " locates in the UTC time to amplify position." 2010-1-20 1:23:23 370 ' 135 " mean 1: 23: 23 on the 20th January in 2010 of 370 millisecond of 135 microsecond again.And this moment on the star in corresponding image data frame the time be 1733003363424.From the result of emulation match, the curve of match is straight line substantially.From somber point figure (" 2010-1-201:23:23370 ' 135 ", 1733003370135), pass through.On visible star clock the second long with UTC second time long not Complete Synchronization, on star, clock source is slower.According to result of calculation, the clock on the star of " 2010-1-63:24:6239 ' 134 " of take the UTC time is benchmark, the UTC time " 2010-1-201:23:23370 ' 135 " on clock star clock than the UTC time slow 6711 microseconds.
Realization difference due to clock source, it is different that load data is played the design on opportunity of timestamp on star, the mode difference that on star, the time propagates in satellite, on-board equipment is subjected to irradiation accumulative total to affect difference, different and equal these all factors of result that cause its relativistic effect of the track of satellite when clock data and UTC time data, are carried out the match modeling and need be adopted diverse ways and parameter setting according to actual conditions on analyzing star.But this closed loop calibration method is but general in the remote sensing of the earth satellite.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and distortion and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention calibration method of the present invention.For example the high-speed digital transmission channel is carried out to the clock coding, the corresponding sequence that the load data frame just can directly obtain time and UTC time on star need not be resolved in the Ground Application station.Within if these modifications and distortion belong to the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and is out of shape interior.
Claims (6)
1. the calibration system of a satellite clock, is characterized in that, this system comprises:
Satellite clock source: be connected with satellite TT&C system, satellite load system, stable clock microsecond counting is provided;
Satellite TT&C system: receive remote operation and annotate number and control the work of satellite load system according to clock information;
The satellite load system: according to the control information of satellite TT&C system, carry out work, and under the data affix clock information tag feedback of satellite load system collection, reaching the Ground Application station;
Ground control station: generate remote-control data instruction and clock information and be uploaded to satellite TT&C system;
Ground Application station: receive the load operational data that satellite passes down, generate departure information transmission clock error match server;
Clocking error match server: clock, actual execution time triadic relation on comparison instruction control time, star, simulate the clocking error curve, generated clock information sends ground control station.
2. the calibration system of satellite clock as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described satellite clock source is constant-temperature crystal oscillator, provide 64 continuous microseconds to count, it is complete zero before satellite launch, clock source being powered up to also initialize, operation while not carrying out school to these 64 on star.
3. the calibration system of satellite clock as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described satellite clock source is attached to real-time 64 bit clock information on current star on load data.
4. the calibration system of satellite clock as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Ground Application station receives the load data that satellite passes down, UTC universal coordinated time corresponding to data provided according to the load marking target, and this UTC time is carried out to association with being attached to the time on 64 stars on load data; Then two times are together sent to clocking error match server.
5. the calibration system of satellite clock as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: time T 1 on the initial star of the execution about this subjob of X satellite of described clocking error match server reception ground control station, the UTC time U2 about time T 2 correspondences on this subjob culminant star of X satellite at reception Ground Application station ... the UTC time Un that on this subjob culminant star, time T n is corresponding; To data to (T2, U2), (T3, U3) ... (Tn, Un) analyzes and provides clock and UTC corresponding time relationship on star; By analyzing the delayed data of T1 and T2, for arranging schedule work, ground notes number provides reference.
6. the calibration steps of a satellite clock calibration system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the method comprises the steps:
(1) on the program control schedule work of establishment satellite, annotate satellite; According to ground control station instrumented satellite track, the time on the star when the calculating satellite flies over calibration target; Program control schedule work according to this time layout satellite; Program control schedule work comprises time, the control parameter that load steering order, instruction are carried out; By ground control station on program control schedule work, annotating to satellite;
(2) carry out program control schedule work; Satellite TT&C system is decoded after receiving ground notes number, when the time, the and instruction start time was consistent on star, controls the work of satellite load system;
(3) generate load data, play timestamp storage; The load remote sensing system is started shooting according to instruction, receives known remote sensing images; The attitude information of time, satellite on the star of the time of reception is attached on image data frame, deposits mass storage on star in;
(4) lower posting lotus data; When satellite flies through the Ground Application station, the lower remote sensing image data passed with temporal information, attitude of satellite information;
(5) resolve load data and calculate the UTC time at that time; Frame, processing are separated after receiving data in the Ground Application station; The track of the position according to calibration target on image, the attitude of satellite, satellite can calculate the UTC time that satellite obtains these width remote sensing images; This UTC time is sent to clocking error match server together with the time on star in the remote sensing image data frame;
(6) carry out the clock data match, provide the corresponding relation of time and UTC time on star; Clocking error match server receives time and UTC time on the star in a certain moment, and they are deposited in to database; According to the different qualities of collecting data, carry out the processing of distinct methods, provide the corresponding relation of time and UTC time on star.
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| DE102012214555A1 (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2014-02-20 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Method and system for compensating a time deviation |
| CN103048919B (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-09-17 | 北京邮电大学 | Channel delay test-based satellite clock self-adjusting method |
| CN103235501B (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2015-11-25 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | A kind of utilize burst length recording unit with carrying out star school time method |
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| CN105897392A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-08-24 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Satellite-ground time synchronization system and method |
| CN105068415B (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2017-11-03 | 中国人民解放军63921部队 | Method during with testing survey station star school is docked without star |
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| CN106325059A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-01-11 | 中国计量大学 | Bluetooth calibration method of digital clock |
| CN109738918B (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2020-06-12 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十八研究所 | Method for testing time taking precision of satellite time frequency card software interface layer |
| CN109581447B (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2023-06-06 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | Zero value method for wireless link joint resolving spread spectrum measurement and control equipment |
| CN110221321B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2021-03-19 | 中国人民解放军63921部队 | Calibration satellite ground application system and method |
| CN112445120B (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2022-04-22 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Distributed center-free space-based time reference establishing and maintaining system |
| CN113467219B (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2022-08-05 | 中国西安卫星测控中心 | High-precision satellite-ground time difference calculation method for unified measurement and control equipment |
| CN115009544B (en) * | 2022-05-02 | 2022-12-16 | 军事科学院系统工程研究院网络信息研究所 | Satellite multi-beam direction finding calibration method based on cross amplitude and angle transfer function |
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| CN1082285A (en) * | 1992-03-31 | 1994-02-16 | 格伦内勒电子有限公司 | Clock synchronization system |
| CN1309486A (en) * | 2000-02-14 | 2001-08-22 | 东芝株式会社 | Time synchronizing method |
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