CN102564169A - Baffle shell-and-tube heat exchanger for ADS (accelerator-driven system) reactor - Google Patents
Baffle shell-and-tube heat exchanger for ADS (accelerator-driven system) reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102564169A CN102564169A CN201210048917XA CN201210048917A CN102564169A CN 102564169 A CN102564169 A CN 102564169A CN 201210048917X A CN201210048917X A CN 201210048917XA CN 201210048917 A CN201210048917 A CN 201210048917A CN 102564169 A CN102564169 A CN 102564169A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a baffle shell-and-tube heat exchanger for an ADS (accelerator-driven system) reactor, which belongs to the technical field of nuclear energy safety and mechanical equipment and comprises a casing. Heat conducting tubes and baffles are arranged in the casing which is provided with a hot liquid inlet, a hot liquid outlet, a cold liquid inlet and a cold liquid outlet, fixed end tube plates are arranged at two ends of the casing, the upper end of the casing is connected with a fixed end cap through the corresponding fixed end tube plate to form an upper cavity, the lower end of the casing is connected with a lower seal through the corresponding fixed end tube plate to form a lower cavity, and a partition is arranged in the lower cavity to partition hot liquid in and out of the heat exchanger. The ADS reactor heat exchanger based on supercritical water serving as working medium is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger using secondary-circuit coolant serving as the supercritical water, the design of the heat exchanger is optimized, and the heat exchanger is more compact. Moreover, the heat exchanger is simple in operation, safe, reliable, high in heat efficiency and high in heat exchange efficacy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nuclear energy safety and mechanical equipment technical field, particularly a kind of ADS heap baffle shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
Background technology
Reactor driven with 20th century most important two big nuclear science device accelerator and reactor combine, constituted new safer, more totally, more cheap nuclear power system.Be full of liquid lead bismuth alloy in the involucrum of subcritical assembly.The liquid lead bismuth alloy is that neutron produces target, is again moderator and cooling agent.When liquid lead bismuth alloy inflow heat exchanger that reactor core heated, through ten hundreds of heat-transfer pipes, pass to cooling agent in the secondary circuit to heat, drive steam turbine power generation then.
When water is in critical point (374 ℃ 22.1MPa) are called as supercritical water during above high-temperature high-pressure state.The rerum natura of supercritical water changes continuously, does not have the phenomenon of two-phase coexistent, has the gaseous state characteristic, can handle as monophasic fluid.The boiling crisis problem can not take place, got rid of the discontinuity of heat transfer state.Density changes difference suddenly during with the subcritical water boiling, and near the variable density of the supercritical water plan critical point is littler.Even temperature is being intended on the critical-temperature, density is still higher relatively.
Existing heat exchanger is of a great variety, and wherein the shell-and-tube heat exchanger use is the widest, in all kinds of heat exchangers of using, accounts for 70%, especially still occupies an leading position so far in industries such as the energy, chemical industry, oil.The great advantage of shell-and-tube heat exchanger is to bear HTHP, and adaptability is strong, and treating capacity is big, reliable operation; It is made simply in addition, and production cost is low, and selection range is wide, and it is also convenient to clean.The structural shape of shell-and-tube heat exchanger is a lot, and it is board-like etc. to mainly contain fixed tube sheet type, floating head type, U type tubular type, sliding tube.The typical tube shell heat exchanger of various types all is made up of end socket, tube sheet, deflection plate and shell.Therefore, shell-and-tube heat exchanger is called baffle shell-and-tube heat exchanger usually again.The resistance of shell-side usually becomes a principal element of restriction lectotype selection when the design baffle shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and has increased the pump merit of shell-side.
At present reactor driven is in design and experimental stage, aspect the selection of the secondary circuit cooling agent of heat exchanger, and three kinds of water that low pressure boiled water, band superheated steam are arranged that generally adopts in the world and organic solvents.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to the ADS subcritical reactor, design a kind of safe and reliable, the thermal efficiency is high, the heat exchanger of compact conformation.
The present invention provides a kind of ADS heap baffle shell-and-tube heat exchanger, it is characterized in that: this ADS heap heat exchanger has a housing; Be provided with heat-transfer pipe and deflection plate in the housing, housing is provided with hot fluid import, hot fluid outlet, cold fluid import and cold fluid outlet; The housing two ends are provided with fixed end pipe sheet; The housing upper end links to each other with the stiff end skull through fixed end pipe sheet; Form upper cavity, the housing lower end links to each other with low head through fixed end pipe sheet, forms lower chamber; Be provided with dividing plate in the said lower chamber, it is isolated that dividing plate will pass in and out the hot fluid (liquid lead bismuth alloy) of heat exchanger.
The effect of deflection plate is set:, avoid the flow-induced vibration in the said housing 1, as the supporting construction of heat-transfer pipe; 2, improve the flow velocity of shell fluid, and make the fluid cross-flow tube bank, thereby strengthen the heat transfer of shell-side.
Said fluid inlet and outlet is provided with instrumentation tap.Can the setting pressure table, liquid level gauge etc.
The present invention has also further provided the arrangement mode of heat-transfer pipe, and said heat-transfer pipe arrangement mode is that the die square is an equilateral triangle, and the die square is more than or equal to 1.25 times of the heat exchanger tube external diameter.Be arranged with like this and be beneficial to shell-side fluid and reach turbulent flow, and the comb number is also many.
The present invention has also further provided the type of heat-transfer pipe, and said heat-transfer pipe is the U-shaped heat-transfer pipe.Because the U-shaped pipe can freely stretch, therefore can avoid the thermal stress that causes because of the pipe expanded by heating.
Said housing is provided with conductivity measurement.Can control the blowdown process of heat exchanger automatically according to the size of electrical conductivity.
On the said housing expansion joint can also be set.Because the difference of thermal expansion can make the length of housing and pipe produce difference, causes differential expansion, can use various expansion joints 9 to eliminate the stress of the surplus that expansion causes.
A said circuit cools agent (hot fluid) is a Pb content 44.5%, the liquid lead bismuth alloy of Bi content 55.5%.
The present invention improves secondary circuit cooling agent (cold fluid), and the secondary circuit cooling agent adopts supercritical water.
Under the prerequisite of transmitting onesize heat, adopt supercritical water to make the heat transfer area that cooling agent can dwindle heat-transfer pipe, and then it is compact more that design of heat exchanger is got.Simultaneously, the boiling crisis problem can not take place in it, makes heat exchanger safer.ADS heap baffle shell-and-tube heat exchanger provided by the invention adopts supercritical water as the secondary circuit cooling agent, is a kind of new way of worth exploration.
One circuit cools agent is the liquid lead bismuth alloy, in tube side, flows; The secondary circuit cooling agent is a supercritical water, flows at shell-side, and its type of flow is that the liquid lead bismuth alloy that comes out from reactor core flows to lower chamber one side that is surrounded by fixed end pipe sheet, low head and dividing plate from the hot fluid import.Dividing plate is divided into both sides with lower chamber; The hot fluid liquid lead bismuth alloy of turnover heat exchanger is isolated, and the liquid lead bismuth alloy of lower chamber gets into heat-transfer pipe, is pooled to the lower chamber opposite side behind the heat-transfer pipe of flowing through; Flow out through the hot fluid outlet again; Supercritical water through heating and pressurizing flows into shell side through the cold fluid import, flows between housing and heat-transfer pipe along deflection plate, flows out from the cold fluid outlet at last.
Temperature was approximately 480 ℃ when a said loop liquid lead bismuth alloy got into heat exchanger, and temperature is approximately about 400 ℃ during outflow heat exchanger; Temperature was approximately 380 ℃ when the secondary circuit supercritical water got into heat exchanger, and temperature is approximately 430 ℃ during outflow heat exchanger.Heat exchanger one loop power pressure is a normal pressure; The secondary circuit power pressure is 23MPa～25MPa.
Said heat exchanger adopts vertical vertical layout.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: optimized the design of heat exchanger, and compact more; Simple to operate, safe and reliable; The thermal efficiency is high, and heat exchanger efficiency is good.
Baffle shell-and-tube heat exchanger provided by the invention can obviously reduce the pump merit of shell-side.
Supercritical water intends critical-temperature (for example its value is approximately 385 ℃ under 25MPa) and when above, the specific enthalpy of supercritical water is very big.With regard to its density and high specific enthalpy, it has low relatively viscosity.So as a kind of cooling agent, it possesses good performance.
Therefore, adopt the secondary circuit cooling agent of supercritical water as the reactor driven heat exchanger, have very big advantage: do not need carbonated drink separation, the supercritical water of secondary circuit outlet can directly drive turbine power generation; The heat of one loop liquid lead bismuth alloy can be taken out of effectively; The required secondary circuit coolant flow of heat exchange reduces greatly, thereby makes heat exchanger compact more, pressure vessel, and containment, factory building are all littler.
Provided by the invention is the ADS heap heat exchanger of working medium based on supercritical water, and adopting the secondary circuit cooling agent is the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of supercritical water, has optimized the design of heat exchanger, makes it compact more; Simple to operate, safe and reliable; The thermal efficiency is high, and heat exchanger efficiency is good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an ADS subcritical reactor heat exchanger sketch map of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is ADS subcritical reactor secondary coolant circuit system figure;
Label among the figure:
Among Fig. 1, the 1st, the hot fluid import; The 2nd, low head; The 3rd, dividing plate; The 4th, the hot fluid outlet; The 5th, the cold fluid outlet; The 6th, housing; The 7th, the stiff end skull; The 8th, the cold fluid import; The 9th, expansion joint; The 10th, shell flange; The 11st, the cavity flange; The 12nd, instrumentation tap; The 13rd, heat-transfer pipe; The 14th, deflection plate; The 15th, the skull flange; The 16th, conductivity measurement; The 17th, fixed end pipe sheet; The 18th, lower chamber; The 19th, upper cavity.
Among Fig. 2, the 20th, heat exchanger; The 21st, steam turbine; The 22nd, condenser; The 23rd, condenser pump; The 24th, low-pressure heater; The 25th, oxygen-eliminating device; The 26th, feed pump; The 27th, high-pressure heater.
The specific embodiment
Following embodiment can make those skilled in the art more comprehensively understand the present invention, but does not limit the present invention in any way.
Referring to Fig. 1, present embodiment provides a kind of ADS heap baffle shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and this ADS heap heat exchanger has a housing 6; Be provided with heat-transfer pipe 13 and deflection plate 14 in the housing 6, housing 6 is provided with hot fluid import 1, hot fluid outlet 4, cold fluid import 8 and cold fluid outlet 5; The housing two ends are provided with fixed end pipe sheet 17; Housing 6 upper ends link to each other with stiff end skull 7 through fixed end pipe sheet 17; Form upper cavity 19, housing 6 lower ends link to each other with low head 2 through fixed end pipe sheet 17, form lower chamber 18; Be provided with dividing plate 3 in the said lower chamber 18, it is isolated that dividing plate 3 will pass in and out the hot fluid (liquid lead bismuth alloy) of heat exchanger.
It is the baffle shell-and-tube heat exchanger of supercritical water that the present invention adopts the secondary circuit cooling agent, and a circuit cools agent is the liquid lead bismuth alloy, in tube side, flows; The secondary circuit cooling agent is a supercritical water, flows at shell-side.Its type of flow is that the liquid lead bismuth alloy that comes out from reactor core flows to lower chamber 18 1 sides that surrounded by fixed end pipe sheet 17, low head 2 and dividing plate 3 from hot fluid import 1.Dividing plate 3 is divided into both sides with lower chamber, and the hot fluid liquid lead bismuth alloy of turnover heat exchanger is isolated.The liquid lead bismuth alloy of lower chamber 18 gets into heat-transfer pipe 13 vertically upward, flows through the elbow of heat exchanger tube 13 then, and the opposite side heat-transfer pipe 13 of flowing through vertically downward, is pooled to lower chamber 18 opposite sides afterwards, flows out through hot fluid outlet 4 again.Supercritical water through heating and pressurizing flows into shell side through cold fluid import 8, flows between housing 6 and heat-transfer pipe 13 along deflection plate 14, flows out from cold fluid outlet 5 at last.
Leave certain clearance between heat transfer area under control outermost layer and the housing 6.This is the subsistence level in order to make.Between housing 6 inside and deflection plate 14, also leave certain clearance so that deflection plate 14 can slip into housing 6.
Fixed end pipe sheet 17 extends out the double shell flange 10 that the side header is fastened and connected of doing and manage on housing 6; Stiff end skull 7 is being provided with skull flange 15 with fixed end pipe sheet 17 adjacents; Low head 2 is being provided with cavity flange 11 with the fixed end pipe sheet adjacent.
Fluid inlet and outlet is provided with instrumentation tap 12.Can the setting pressure table, liquid level gauge etc.
The arrangement mode of heat-transfer pipe 13 is that the die square is an equilateral triangle, and the die square equals 1.25 times of heat exchanger tube external diameter.Be arranged with like this and be beneficial to that shell-side fluid reaches turbulent flow and the comb number is also many.
Referring to Fig. 2; The supercritical water of heat exchange in heat exchanger 20; Get into steam turbine 21 and pushing turbine 21 actings, the exhaust steam of finishing merit is cooled in condenser 22, passes through condenser pump 23, low-pressure heater 24, oxygen-eliminating device 25, feed pump 26, high-pressure heater 27 then successively.After the supercritical water of heating and pressurizing inflow heat exchanger 20 again.The secondary circuit supercritical water is circulation so constantly.
Temperature was approximately 480 ℃ when one loop liquid lead bismuth alloy got into heat exchanger, and temperature is approximately about 400 ℃ during outflow heat exchanger; Temperature was approximately 380 ℃ when the secondary circuit supercritical water got into heat exchanger, and temperature is approximately 430 ℃ during outflow heat exchanger.Heat exchanger one loop power pressure is a normal pressure; The secondary circuit power pressure is 23MPa～25MPa.
The above; Be merely the preferable specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any technical staff who is familiar with the present technique field is in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; The variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.
Claims (10)
1. an ADS piles baffle shell-and-tube heat exchanger, it is characterized in that: this ADS heap heat exchanger has a housing (6); Be provided with heat-transfer pipe (13) and deflection plate (14) in the housing (6), housing (6) is provided with hot fluid import (1), hot fluid outlet (4), cold fluid import (8) and cold fluid outlet (5); The housing two ends are provided with fixed end pipe sheet (17); Housing (6) upper end links to each other with stiff end skull (7) through fixed end pipe sheet; Form upper cavity (19), housing (6) lower end links to each other with low head (2) through fixed end pipe sheet, forms lower chamber (18); Be provided with dividing plate (3) in the said lower chamber (18), it is isolated that dividing plate (3) will pass in and out the hot fluid of heat exchanger.
2. heat exchanger according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said fluid inlet and outlet is provided with instrumentation tap (12).
3. heat exchanger according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said heat-transfer pipe (13) arrangement mode is that the die square is an equilateral triangle, and the die square is more than or equal to 1.25 times of the heat exchanger tube external diameter.
4. heat exchanger according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said heat-transfer pipe (13) is the U-shaped heat-transfer pipe.
5. heat exchanger according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said housing (6) is provided with conductivity measurement (16).
6. heat exchanger according to claim 1 is characterized in that: expansion joint (9) is set on the said housing (6).
7. heat exchanger according to claim 1 is characterized in that: hot fluid is the liquid lead bismuth alloy.
8. heat exchanger according to claim 1 is characterized in that: cold fluid is a supercritical water.
9. heat exchanger according to claim 1 is characterized in that: hot fluid flows in tube side; Cold fluid flows at shell-side; Its type of flow does; The liquid lead bismuth alloy that comes out from reactor core flows to lower chamber (18) one sides that surrounded by fixed end pipe sheet (17), low head (2) and dividing plate (3) from hot fluid import (1), and the liquid lead bismuth alloy of lower chamber (18) gets into heat-transfer pipe (13), is pooled to lower chamber (18) opposite side behind the heat-transfer pipe of flowing through (13); Flow out through hot fluid outlet (4) again; Supercritical water flows into shell side through cold fluid import (8), flows between housing (6) and heat-transfer pipe (13) along deflection plate (14), flows out from cold fluid outlet (5) at last.
10. heat exchanger according to claim 9 is characterized in that: temperature was 480 ℃ when a said loop liquid lead bismuth alloy got into heat exchanger, and temperature is 400 ℃ during outflow heat exchanger; Temperature was 380 ℃ when the secondary circuit supercritical water got into heat exchanger, and temperature is 430 ℃ during outflow heat exchanger, and heat exchanger one loop power pressure is a normal pressure; The secondary circuit power pressure is 23MPa～25MPa.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210048917XA CN102564169A (en) | 2012-02-28 | 2012-02-28 | Baffle shell-and-tube heat exchanger for ADS (accelerator-driven system) reactor |
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| CN201210048917XA CN102564169A (en) | 2012-02-28 | 2012-02-28 | Baffle shell-and-tube heat exchanger for ADS (accelerator-driven system) reactor |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104200852A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2014-12-10 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Condensed liquid heavy metal choke valve |
| CN104613794A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-05-13 | 卢晓丽 | Shell-and-tube heat exchanger |
| CN107150435A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-09-12 | 常熟市中联光电新材料有限责任公司 | Plastic pellet comminutor cools down water recycling device |
| CN108463682A (en) * | 2016-02-08 | 2018-08-28 | 三菱日立电力系统株式会社 | U-tube heat exchanger |
| CN108911108A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-11-30 | 成都九翼环保科技有限公司 | A kind of tubular type overcritical water oxidization reactor and application thereof |
| CN108955305A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-12-07 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | liquid heavy metal shell-and-tube heat exchanger |
| CN108981427A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-12-11 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | A kind of tubular heat exchanger |
| CN109269323A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-25 | 安徽普生源生物科技有限公司 | Anti-scaling heat exchanger |
| CN109936966A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2019-06-25 | 通用电气航空系统有限责任公司 | Aviation electronics heat exchanger |
| CN110953562A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-03 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Vertical natural circulation steam generator |
| CN111664427A (en) * | 2019-03-09 | 2020-09-15 | 孟想 | Design scheme of ultra-high temperature and ultra-high pressure pore channel type heat exchanger/evaporator |
| CN113267068A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-08-17 | 东南大学 | Compact shell-and-tube heat exchanger for efficient heat exchange in nuclear energy field |
| CN116994784A (en) * | 2023-03-22 | 2023-11-03 | 西安交通大学 | Liquid lead bismuth horizontal-sweep bar bundle flow heat exchange experimental device |
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Cited By (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104200852A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2014-12-10 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Condensed liquid heavy metal choke valve |
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| CN104613794A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-05-13 | 卢晓丽 | Shell-and-tube heat exchanger |
| CN108463682A (en) * | 2016-02-08 | 2018-08-28 | 三菱日立电力系统株式会社 | U-tube heat exchanger |
| CN108463682B (en) * | 2016-02-08 | 2020-04-10 | 三菱日立电力系统株式会社 | U-shaped tube heat exchanger |
| CN107150435A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-09-12 | 常熟市中联光电新材料有限责任公司 | Plastic pellet comminutor cools down water recycling device |
| CN109936966A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2019-06-25 | 通用电气航空系统有限责任公司 | Aviation electronics heat exchanger |
| US10980153B2 (en) | 2017-12-18 | 2021-04-13 | Ge Aviation Systems Llc | Direct contact heat exchanger |
| CN108981427A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-12-11 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | A kind of tubular heat exchanger |
| CN108911108B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2023-09-08 | 成都九翼环保科技有限公司 | Tubular supercritical water oxidation reactor and application thereof |
| CN108911108A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-11-30 | 成都九翼环保科技有限公司 | A kind of tubular type overcritical water oxidization reactor and application thereof |
| CN108955305A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-12-07 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | liquid heavy metal shell-and-tube heat exchanger |
| CN108955305B (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2024-08-30 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Shell-and-tube heat exchanger for liquid heavy metal |
| CN109269323A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-25 | 安徽普生源生物科技有限公司 | Anti-scaling heat exchanger |
| CN111664427A (en) * | 2019-03-09 | 2020-09-15 | 孟想 | Design scheme of ultra-high temperature and ultra-high pressure pore channel type heat exchanger/evaporator |
| CN110953562A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-03 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Vertical natural circulation steam generator |
| CN110953562B (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2022-04-26 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Vertical natural circulation steam generator |
| CN113267068B (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2024-04-09 | 东南大学 | A compact shell-and-tube heat exchanger for high-efficient heat transfer in nuclear energy field |
| CN113267068A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-08-17 | 东南大学 | Compact shell-and-tube heat exchanger for efficient heat exchange in nuclear energy field |
| CN116994784A (en) * | 2023-03-22 | 2023-11-03 | 西安交通大学 | Liquid lead bismuth horizontal-sweep bar bundle flow heat exchange experimental device |
| CN116994784B (en) * | 2023-03-22 | 2024-02-06 | 西安交通大学 | Liquid lead bismuth horizontal-sweep bar bundle flow heat exchange experimental device |
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Application publication date: 20120711 |