A kind of frock of smooth block
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technological equipment of internal combustion engine and compressor components processing.Be particularly related to the technological equipment of the smooth block of processing crank round slider machine.
Background technology
In traditional internal combustion engine and compressor, realize the conversion between rotatablely moving of the reciprocating motion of piston and bent axle by toggle.But in described toggle, due to the existence of connecting rod, the internal combustion engine of toggle and compressor have the defects such as bulky, heavy, balance quality is poor.
For addressing the above problem, Chinese patent literature CN85200358B discloses a kind of " crankshaft circular slide block reciprocating piston internal combustion engine "; Chinese patent literature CN85100359B discloses a kind of " crankshaft circalar slide block reciprocating piston compressor "; Chinese patent literature CN1067741C discloses a kind of " crank and double-round slide reciprocating piston internal combustion engine "; Chinese patent literature CN1067742C discloses a kind of " crank and multi-round slide reciprocating piston internal combustion engine ".
The common feature of the disclosed internal combustion engine of above-mentioned Chinese patent literature and compressor is in reciprocating motion and rotation movement mutual conversion mechanism wherein, has replaced toggle with circular slider-crank mechanism.Circular slider-crank mechanism comprises bent axle, smooth block and piston.On smooth block, be provided with eccentric circular hole; Piston comprises bizet and piston seat, on the piston seat of piston, is provided with circular slider accommodation hole.The rotatable circular slider accommodation hole that is placed in piston of smooth block, rotatable being assemblied in described eccentric circular hole of crank-pin of bent axle.
When above-mentioned mechanism is applied to internal combustion engine and compressor, can replace toggle.Take internal combustion engine as example, when work, burning gases in combustion chamber expand and promote piston movement, the smooth block being arranged at wherein by piston driving moves reciprocatingly, and smooth block rotates in described piston simultaneously, described reciprocating motion rotates with the central axis of the synthetic central axis flexing axle that makes the eccentric circular hole on smooth block rotatablely moving; And the dead in line of the central axis of described eccentric circular hole and the crank-pin of bent axle, thereby can realize the conversion rotatablely moving that reciprocates to bent axle of piston.The motion conversion of compressor is just in time contrary with above-mentioned internal combustion engine, no longer describes here.
Different with traditional crank connecting link machine, crank round slider machine does not arrange connecting rod, but has adopted a part that is referred to as smooth block to replace connecting rod.Smooth block is arranged in the accommodating hole on piston or dynamic balance slide block.In the mechanism with multiple smooth blocks, between adjacent smooth block, to combine with the phase difference of 180 degree, the mode of combination is solidified as a whole after not only will combining, but also easy accessibility.After combination, on smooth block, the precision of some size positions is also higher.Under normal circumstances, smooth block single part must have higher required precision, and the precision after guarantee combination meets designing requirement.This makes to need to use high level process equipment in the processing and manufacturing of smooth block, thereby manufacturing cost is promoted greatly.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of technological equipment of processing smooth block, technological equipment of the present invention is simple in structure, and can guarantee the required precision of the smooth block processing.
One of them aspect of the present invention, provides a kind of technological equipment of processing smooth block, comprising: base and slide block, and wherein, described base is oblate cylindricality, is provided with slideway in one end side;
Described slide block is provided with the spigot surface matching with base slideway and the installed surface matching with slideway bottom surface; On described slide block and a side relative with its installed surface be also provided with the first pin and the second pin; Described the second pin is two, and its axis is symmetrical arranged with respect to described the first pin axis; The excircle dimension of described the first pin and the second pin matches with eccentric orfice and the dowel hole of smooth block to be processed respectively, and position relationship between three's axis is corresponding with the eccentric orfice of smooth block to be processed and the position of center line relation of two dowel holes;
When assembling, described slide block is slidably arranged in the slideway of base, and the axis of the first pin is parallel with described base central axis, and the two is identical with the eccentric orfice eccentric distance e of smooth block to be processed apart from E; By the retaining mechanism being arranged on base and slide block, the two is fixed as one.
Optionally, the other end side relative with slideway on described base, is provided with the portion that is installed for base being installed on lathe, the center line of this portion that is installed and the central axes of base.
Optionally, be installed described in portion and described base is one-body molded.
Optionally, described in the portion of being installed be Morse taper shank, and between this Morse taper shank and base, be dismantled and assembled structure.
Optionally, described retaining mechanism comprises the threaded mounting hole on the two side that is arranged in pairs base slideway, the bolt matching with threaded mounting hole, and be arranged at slide block two spigot surface sides and at least one pair of shrinkage pool corresponding with the threaded mounting hole of described base; Described threaded mounting hole runs through base periphery and slideway sidewall;
In the time that described slide block is arranged at the slideway of base, the wherein a pair of threaded mounting hole on the shrinkage pool on slider guide face and base aligns, and is inserted into the shrinkage pool of described slide block after the periphery screw-in threaded mounting hole of bolt by base, and slide block is fixed on this base.
Optionally, described retaining mechanism comprise be arranged at base slideway bottom through hole, be arranged at the bolt matching with corresponding the second threaded mounting hole of through hole and this second threaded mounting hole slideway bottom slide block installed surface side;
In the time that described slide block is arranged at the slideway of base, the through hole on the second threaded mounting hole and the base of slide block installed surface side aligns, and bolt screws in the second threaded mounting hole of described slide block after being inserted by the through hole of base, and slide block is fixed on this base.
Preferably, also comprise the axle that rises;
In described the first pin, offer same axial cone hole, and taper hole large end face is opened in the free end end face of this first pin; On its cylinder, symmetry offers four elongated slots, and described elongated slot is communicated with taper hole and periphery; Be provided with screwed hole in described taper hole bottom;
The described axle that rises comprises the axle body that rises that is circular platform type; Match with the conical surface of the taper hole of described the first pin in this axle body side of rising; On the distolateral end face of the conelet of the axle body that rises, be provided with the threaded post matching with the screwed hole of taper hole bottom, on the distolateral end face of auger, be provided with spanner portion.
When assembling, the axle that rises inserts in the taper hole of the first pin, and threaded post screws in the screwed hole of taper hole bottom.
Optionally, described spanner portion with described in this body by integral forming of axle that rises.
Compared with prior art, one of them aspect of the present invention, technological equipment comprises base and slide block, and the two is dismantled and assembled relation, adjusts the position of slide block on base and can obtain the smooth block of difference (eccentric orfice) eccentric throw; This not only can guarantee smooth block cylindrical precision; And this technological equipment is simple in structure, the eccentric distance e of smooth block eccentric orfice is adjustable, can be used for processing the smooth block of different eccentric throws.
In another aspect of this invention, on technological equipment, be also provided with the axle that rises, by the axle that rises, can make tensioner between the first pin on slide block and the eccentric orfice of smooth block, smooth block is anchored on slide block, precision while further having guaranteed smooth block Excircle machining, and, the fastening structure between smooth block and slide block can be set separately on technological equipment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view of base in first embodiment of technological equipment of processing smooth block of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the right view of base in first embodiment of technological equipment of processing smooth block of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the front view of slide block in first embodiment of technological equipment of processing smooth block of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the right view of slide block in first embodiment of technological equipment of processing smooth block of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the front view of slide block in second embodiment of technological equipment of processing smooth block of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the right view of slide block in second embodiment of technological equipment of processing smooth block of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the front view of axle of rising in second embodiment of technological equipment of processing smooth block of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the front view of the second embodiment of the technological equipment of processing smooth block of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
A lot of details are set forth in the following description so that fully understand the present invention.But the present invention can implement to be much different from alternate manner described here, and those skilled in the art can do similar popularization without prejudice to intension of the present invention in the situation that, and therefore the present invention is not subject to the restriction of following public concrete enforcement.
Embodiment mono-
Fig. 1 is the front view of base in first embodiment of technological equipment of processing smooth block of the present invention; Fig. 2 is the right view of base in first embodiment of technological equipment of processing smooth block of the present invention; Fig. 3 is the front view of slide block in first embodiment of technological equipment of processing smooth block of the present invention; Fig. 4 is the right view of slide block in first embodiment of technological equipment of processing smooth block of the present invention;
In embodiments of the invention, the technological equipment of processing smooth block comprises base 1 and slide block 2, and the two is assembled together.Respectively base and slide block structure and the two assembly relation are separately described below.
Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, base 1 is flat cylindrical, and its outer circumference surface can be used as the position of jig clamping, and this technological equipment is held on lathe.A wherein end face side at this base 1 arranges slideway 1-1, and this slideway is prolate channel form, and the two sides of described slideway 1-1 to the distance of this base central axis equates.
Paired at least one pair of threaded mounting hole 1-3 that is provided with also in the slideway 1-1 two side of described base 1, this screwed hole runs through slideway 1-1 sidewall, and is opened on the outer peripheral face of base 1.Described threaded mounting hole 1-3 and bolt are used in conjunction with, for the slide block that is arranged at this slideway 1-1 is fixed.
The other end side relative with slideway 1-1 on this base 1, can also be provided for separately the portion that is installed that this base is installed on lathe.The Morse taper shank 4 arranging on base 1 is as shown in Figure 8 the portion of being installed.Described Morse taper shank 4 can be one-body molded with this base 1, also can be assemblied on this base by the round thread hole 1-2 that is arranged at base 1 center, but which kind of mode no matter, the central axis of this Morse taper shank 4 needs to overlap with the central axis of base 1.The portion of being installed can also be cylindrical or other shape, its with the connected mode of base 1 comprise one-body molded, welding or such as the dismantled and assembled mode being threaded.Here repeat no longer one by one.
Please refer to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.Described slide block 2 is provided with the spigot surface 2-8 matching with the slideway 1-1 of base 1 and the installed surface 2-9 matching with the bottom surface of slideway 1-1.
On described slide block 2 and a side relative with its installed surface 2-9 be also provided with the first pin 2-1 and the second pin 2-2.Wherein, described the second pin 2-2 is two, and its axis is symmetrical arranged with respect to the axis of described the first pin 2-1.The excircle dimension of described the first pin 2-1 and the second pin 2-2 matches with eccentric orfice and the dowel hole of smooth block to be processed respectively, and position relationship between eccentric orfice and two dowel holes of position relationship between the axis of the first pin 2-1 and the axis of the second pin 2-2 and smooth block to be processed is corresponding.The first described pin 2-1 and the axial length of the second pin 2-2 are greater than the thickness of smooth block to be processed, are also provided with screw thread in free end one side of described the first pin 2-1 or the second pin 2-2.
At described slide block 2 both sides spigot surface 2-8 and be also at least provided with a pair of shrinkage pool (not shown) with the threaded mounting hole 1-3 opposite position on base 1, this shrinkage pool coordinates formation retaining mechanism with threaded mounting hole 1-3 and bolt, for slide block 2 is anchored on to base 1.
When assembling, slide block 2 is slidably arranged in the slideway 1-1 of base 1, the axis of the first pin 2-1 parallels with the central axis of described base 1, along slideway 1-1 sliding slider 2, make the axis of the first pin 2-1 and the distance E of base 1 central axis equal the eccentric distance e of smooth block eccentric orfice to be processed.By above-mentioned retaining mechanism, slide block 2 and base 1 are fixed as one.
While applying above-mentioned technological equipment processing smooth block, first on smooth block blank, form eccentric orfice and two dowel holes.Then, eccentric orfice on smooth block blank and two dowel holes are inserted in the first pin 2-1 and two positioning pin column 2-2 of this technological equipment, smooth block is fixed on slide block 2 with bolt (bolt matching with the outer distolateral screw thread of the first pin or the second pin).Between bolt and smooth block, pressing plate or pad can also be set.Then use the periphery (being outer peripheral face) of fixture Holding seat 1 or the portion that is installed, on lathe, complete the processing of smooth block cylindrical.Further, can on smooth block, process other structure such as lightening grooves and oil duct, repeat no more here.The fixture of application the present embodiment, not only can guarantee smooth block cylindrical precision; And the eccentric distance e of smooth block eccentric orfice is adjustable, can be used for processing the smooth block of different eccentric throws.
In the above embodiments, locking device between base 1 and slide block 2 is not limited to above-mentioned mode, it can also have alternate manner, for example, bottom at base slideway 1-1 arranges through hole, in the installed surface 2-9 of slide block 2 side and this through hole opposite position, the second threaded mounting hole is set, the two is fixed with bolt.
Embodiment bis-
In the present embodiment, base has identical structure with the base 1 in above-mentioned the first embodiment.Different, the slide block structure in the present embodiment is different from slide block 2 structures in above-mentioned the first embodiment, and technological equipment in the present embodiment also comprises the axle that rises as shown in Figure 7.
Fig. 5 is the front view of slide block in second embodiment of technological equipment of processing smooth block of the present invention; Fig. 6 is the right view of slide block in second embodiment of technological equipment of processing smooth block of the present invention; Fig. 7 is the front view of axle of rising in second embodiment of technological equipment of processing smooth block of the present invention.
Please refer to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, in the present embodiment, in the first pin of the slide block 2 shown in above-mentioned the first embodiment, offer same axial cone hole 2-3(what is called and refer to that with axial cone hole the axis of this taper hole 2-3 and the axis of described the first pin 2-1 coincide), and the large end face of this taper hole 2-3 is opened in the free end end face side of this first pin 2-1.On described slide block 2, the conelet face side of taper hole 2-3 still has a redundant space 2-3b, and this redundant space 2-3b is greater than the small end face diameter of this taper hole along taper hole 2-3 small end face size radially.This redundant space 2-3b can be used for holding the conelet end of the following axle that rises.
On the cylinder of this first pin 2-1, symmetry offers four elongated slot 2-1a, and described elongated slot 2-1a is communicated with the periphery of taper hole 2-3 and the first pin 2-1.Be provided with screwed hole 2-4 in the bottom of described taper hole 2-3.
As shown in Figure 7, described in the axle 3 that rises comprise the axle body 3-1 that rises that is truncated cone-shaped, match with the conical surface of the upper taper hole 2-3 of described the first pin 2-1 in this axle body 3-1 side of rising.Also be provided with the threaded post 3-2 matching with the screwed hole 2-4 of taper hole 2-3 bottom setting at the distolateral end face of conelet of the axle body 3-1 that rises.On the distolateral end face of auger, be provided with the 3-3 of spanner portion.The described spanner 3-3 of portion and rise and can one-body moldedly also can detachably be assembled into one between axle body 3-1.
Fig. 8 shows the schematic diagram after the assembling of the present embodiment technological equipment.As shown in Figure 8, between slide block 2 and base 1 can and a kind of slide block of above-described embodiment and base between assembling mode identical.In the time that slide block 2 assembles with the axle 3 that rises, by rising, axle 3 is inserted in the taper hole 2-3 of slide block 2 by the conelet end of its axle body 3-1 that rises, and threaded post 3-2 screws in the screwed hole 2-4 on slide block 2, in screw-in process, the conical surface of axle body 3-1 male cone (strobilus masculinus) and taper hole 2-3 of rising fits, and push the conical surface of taper hole 2-3, the upper elongated slot 2-1a of the first pin 2-1 gap becomes large, makes the first pin 2-1 spreading.Screw in the degree of depth in screwed hole 2-4, the size of capable of regulating the first pin 2-1 spreading by adjusting threaded post 3-2.
In the time using the technological equipment processing smooth block of the present embodiment two, first adjust the position of slide block 2 in the slideway of base 1 and meet the requirement of circular hole eccentric distance e, and the two is fixed to (this process is identical with above-described embodiment one); Then, the smooth block blank that completes eccentric orfice and dowel hole is assemblied on slide block 2, makes the first pin insert eccentric orfice, the second pin inserts in two dowel holes.Follow again, the axle 3 that rises is inserted in above-described mode in the taper hole of the first pin 2-1 of slide block 2, the axle 3 that rises described in rotation makes, threaded post 3-2 screws in screwed hole 2-4, thereby make the first pin 2-1 spreading, reduce or eliminate the gap between the first pin 2-1 and the eccentric orfice of smooth block blank, and then can improve the precision of processing.In addition, after the first pin 2-1 tensioner, can also play the effect of fixing smooth block on slide block, and the fastening structure between smooth block and slide block needn't be set separately again.Finally, this technique assembling is fixed on lathe together with smooth block, completes the processing of smooth block cylindrical.The technological equipment of the present embodiment two, except possessing all beneficial effects of above-described embodiment one, also further has higher machining accuracy, without advantages such as extra smooth block fixed structures.
Although the present invention with preferred embodiment openly as above; but it is not for limiting the present invention; any those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can make possible variation and modification, therefore protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the scope that the claims in the present invention were defined.