CN102534763A - Graphite crucible for growing large-size silicon carbide single crystal by physical vapor deposition method and application thereof - Google Patents
Graphite crucible for growing large-size silicon carbide single crystal by physical vapor deposition method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102534763A CN102534763A CN2012100140455A CN201210014045A CN102534763A CN 102534763 A CN102534763 A CN 102534763A CN 2012100140455 A CN2012100140455 A CN 2012100140455A CN 201210014045 A CN201210014045 A CN 201210014045A CN 102534763 A CN102534763 A CN 102534763A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a graphite crucible for growing large-size silicon carbide single crystal by a physical vapor deposition method. The graphite crucible comprises a crucible barrel for holding a silicon carbide raw material, and an upper cover, wherein mutually screwed threads are arranged on the inner wall of the crucible barrel and the outer wall of the upper cover, and the upper cover is in threaded connection with the crucible barrel; a positioning block for placing of a porous graphite plate is arranged on the inner wall of the crucible barrel; and the porous graphite plate is placed on the positioning block, and the outside diameter of the porous graphite plate is in correspondence with the inside diameter of the crucible barrel. According to the invention, the influence of carbonization of the silicon carbide raw material on the crystal growth is effectively avoided, and the crystal growth stability and success rate are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plumbago crucible and application thereof of physical vaporous deposition growing large-size single-crystal silicon carbide, belong to the single crystal growing technical field.
Background technology
Silit (SiC) monocrystal material is the representative of third generation wide bandgap semiconductor materials; Have character such as broad stopband, high heat conductance, the saturated rate of migration of high electronics, high breakdown electric field; Compare with the s-generation semiconductor material that with GaAs is representative with the first-generation semiconductor material that with silicon is representative; Obvious superiority is arranged, be considered to make ideal semiconductor materials such as opto-electronic device, high-frequency high-power device and high-temperature electronic device.Be widely used at aspects such as white-light illuminating, optical storage, video display, space flight and aviation, hyperthermia radiation environment, petroleum prospecting, robotization, radar and communications, automotive electronicsization and power electronics.
The growth fraction of single-crystal silicon carbide material is difficulty, and according to theoretical analysis, if from the stoichiometric ratio melt, adopt Czochralski grown SiC monocrystalline, condition is very harsh because the congruent eutectic point of SiC only in temperature>3200 ℃, pressure surpasses 10
5(1atm is about 10 to atm
5Pa) just possible under the condition, therefore be difficult to realize.Generally adopt physical vaporous deposition (also being subliming method or improved Lely method) at present; This growth method is on the basis of Lely method, to be proposed in 1978 by scientist Tairov of the FSU and Tsvetkov; Its advantage is: the configuration that adopts SiC seed crystal control institute growing crystal; Overcome the shortcoming of Lely method spontaneous nucleation growth, can obtain the SiC monocrystalline of single configuration; But the single-crystal silicon carbide of growing large-size; Growth pressure is in a normal atmosphere (1atm), and growth temperature is between 2000 ℃-2500 ℃, far below the required pressure and temperature of melt growth.The main employing physical vaporous deposition of present silicon carbide monocrystal growth.Physical vaporous deposition generally adopts the Frequency Induction Heating mode, and crucible adopts graphite material, under vacuum or under the inert gas atmosphere protection, carries out single crystal growing.The silicon carbide monocrystal growth requirement condition is very harsh; Need stable temperature field and gaseous fraction environment; But because carbon can be stayed in the crucible with the form of solid particulate in the sic raw material decomposition course; Make a temperature constantly variation in the crucible, so the design of crucible is even more important for silicon carbide monocrystal growth.
Summary of the invention
Deficiency to prior art; The present invention provides a kind of plumbago crucible of physical vaporous deposition growing large-size single-crystal silicon carbide; This crucible has not only avoided the sic raw material carbonization to the influence that crystal growth caused, and has improved the stability and the success ratio of crystal growth.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of utilizing above-mentioned plumbago crucible to produce single-crystal silicon carbide.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following:
A kind of plumbago crucible of physical vaporous deposition growing large-size single-crystal silicon carbide; Comprise the crucible bucket and the loam cake of accommodating sic raw material; The upper inside wall of said crucible bucket and the outer wall of loam cake are provided with the screw thread that screws each other, and said loam cake and crucible bucket are threaded through described; Described crucible bucket inwall is provided with the preset pieces of placing porous graphite cake; On preset pieces, be placed with the porous graphite plate, the internal diameter of the external diameter of said porous graphite plate and crucible bucket adapts.
The material of said crucible bucket and loam cake is a high-density graphite, and the density of said high-density graphite is 1.2-2.0g/cm
3
The material of said porous graphite plate is low density porous graphite, and the density of said low density porous graphite is 0.4-1.0g/cm
3
Described preset pieces was provided with along one week of inwall of crucible bucket, was circular.
Described preset pieces comprises a plurality of protruding block that is provided with along one week of inwall of crucible bucket.
Preferably, the density of said high-density graphite is 1.4-1.8g/cm
3
Preferably, the density range of said low density porous graphite is 0.6-0.8g/cm
3
The thickness of said porous graphite plate is 2-15mm; The void content of porous graphite plate is 40%-70%.
Preferably, the internal diameter of said crucible bucket is 80-180mm; The height of said crucible bucket is 80-300mm;
Preferably, the internal diameter of said crucible bucket is 181-270mm; The height of said crucible bucket is 200-500mm.
Plumbago crucible of the present invention is used for physical vaporous deposition and prepares the large size silicon-carbide monocrystalline.Particularly diameter is at the single-crystal silicon carbide more than 2 inches.For the research and development of high temperature semiconductors material and application provide important crystalline material basis.
Said physical vaporous deposition prepares the technology of single-crystal silicon carbide by prior art.
A kind of method of utilizing above-mentioned plumbago crucible to produce single-crystal silicon carbide comprises in the crucible bucket adding sic raw material that the distance range between the upper surface of said sic raw material and the said porous graphite plate lower surface is 5-20mm; In the loam cake bottom surface seed crystal base and seed crystal are set, loam cake are connected with the crucible bucket through screw thread build, utilize physical vaporous deposition to prepare single-crystal silicon carbide.
Said seed crystal base is bonded on the crucible loam cake bottom surface through carbon paste, on the seed crystal base, seed crystal is set.
Technical characterstic of the present invention and excellent results:
1, the present invention is provided with the porous graphite plate especially, and the porous graphite plate provides stable radiation environment for the single crystal growing interface, and the influence that the monocrystalline interface in the feasible growth does not receive the continuous carbonization of raw material has improved the stability and the success ratio of crystal growth.2, the material of porous graphite plate of the present invention is low density porous graphite, and the formation of passing through to atmosphere does not hinder.According to bibliographical information (Drowart; G.D.Maria; M.G.Inghram.Thermodynamic study of SiC utilizing a mass spectrometer [J] .The Journal of Chemical Physics, 1958,29:1015-1021.); Sic powder decomposes-distils reaction, wherein Si (g), SiC during greater than 1800 ℃ in temperature
2(g) and Si
2C (g) is main gaseous component; Gas molecule in space can freely pass through the space in the low density porous graphite; Because growth conditions is controlled under the nearly equilibrium state, the temperature field is more even in the growth chamber, and it is too far away that total Si/C of these components can not depart from equilibrium state; Therefore gaseous component is also very little to the corrosive nature of porous graphite, and therefore said low density porous graphite can not hinder the formation of passing through of atmosphere.
When 3, utilizing plumbago crucible of the present invention to prepare growing silicon carbide single crystal by existing physical vaporous deposition; Products obtained therefrom stable crystal form rate Billy improves more than 40% with the stable crystal form rate of conventional crucible; The protruding rate of the thermograde of numerical simulation growth interface and monocrystalline interface obviously reduces, and the temperature field evenly.Can significantly improve the stability and the success ratio of silicon carbide monocrystal growth, reduce production cost.Plumbago crucible of the present invention helps the suitability for industrialized production of large size silicon-carbide monocrystalline.
4, plumbago crucible shape of the present invention is regular, handling ease.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is existing conventional plumbago crucible;
Wherein: 1, crucible bucket, 2, loam cake, 3, the seed crystal base, 4, seed crystal, 5, sic raw material, 6, preset pieces, 7, the porous graphite plate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and embodiment the present invention is done detailed explanation, but be not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1,
As shown in Figure 1.A kind of plumbago crucible of physical vaporous deposition growing large-size single-crystal silicon carbide; Comprise the crucible bucket 1 and loam cake 2 of accommodating sic raw material; The outer wall of the upper inside wall of said crucible bucket 1 and loam cake 2 is provided with the screw thread that screws each other, and said loam cake 2 and crucible bucket 1 are through being threaded; Described crucible bucket 1 inwall is provided with the preset pieces 6 of placing porous graphite cake, and described preset pieces 6 was provided with along one week of inwall of crucible bucket, was circular; On preset pieces 6, be placed with porous graphite plate 7, the internal diameter of the external diameter of said porous graphite plate 7 and crucible bucket 1 should adapt to; The material of said crucible bucket 1 and loam cake 2 is a high-density graphite, and the density of said high-density graphite is: 1.6g/cm
3The material of said porous graphite plate 7 is low density porous graphite, and the density of said low density porous graphite is 0.6g/cm
3, the void content of porous graphite plate is 40%; The thickness of said porous graphite plate is: 7mm.The internal diameter of said crucible bucket is 100mm; The height of said crucible bucket is 200mm.
Embodiment 2,
A kind of method of utilizing embodiment 1 said plumbago crucible to produce single-crystal silicon carbide comprises in crucible bucket 1, adding sic raw material that the distance between the upper surface of said sic raw material and said porous graphite plate 7 lower surfaces is 10mm; At the loam cake lower surface seed crystal base and seed crystal are set, loam cake are connected with the crucible bucket through screw thread build, utilize physical vaporous deposition to prepare single-crystal silicon carbide.It is prior art that said physical vaporous deposition prepares single-crystal silicon carbide.
Utilize embodiment 1 said plumbago crucible and the embodiment 2 described methods 3 inches 4H-SiC monocrystalline of 50 stoves of growing.The result lists in the table 1.
Described preset pieces 6 comprises a plurality of protruding block that is provided with along one week of inwall of crucible bucket; The density of said high-density graphite is 1.7g/cm
3The density of said low density porous graphite is 0.5g/cm
3, the void content scope of porous graphite plate is 60%; The thickness of said porous graphite plate is 15mm.The internal diameter of said crucible bucket is 200mm; The height of said crucible bucket is 450mm.
Embodiment 4,
A kind of method of utilizing embodiment 3 said plumbago crucibles to produce 6 inches 4H-SiC monocrystalline comprises in crucible bucket 1, adding sic raw material that the distance between the upper surface of said sic raw material and said porous graphite plate 7 lower surfaces is 15mm; At the loam cake lower surface seed crystal base and seed crystal are set, loam cake are connected with the crucible bucket through screw thread build, utilize physical vaporous deposition to prepare single-crystal silicon carbide.The described method of the present embodiment 6 inches 4H-SiC monocrystalline of 50 stoves of growing, the stable crystal form rate is about 79%, the 2.6 ℃/cm of thermograde of numerical simulation growth interface, the protruding rate 5-12mm in the interface of single-crystal silicon carbide, temperature is evenly.
Comparative Examples, select for use existing conventional plumbago crucible to produce the Comparative Examples of 3 inches 4H-SiC monocrystalline of 50 stoves as embodiment 1,2.
As shown in Figure 2, the physical dimension of said conventional plumbago crucible, material and the embodiment of the invention 1,2 described plumbago crucibles are identical, 3 inches 4H-SiC monocrystalline of growth 50 stoves under same growth conditions.The result lists in table 1.
The parameter comparison of table 1: embodiment 1,2 and the Comparative Examples 13 inches 4H-SiC that produce
Can know by the data shown in the table 1; The 3 inch silicon carbide monocrystalline that adopt plumbago crucible of the present invention to grow are compared with adopting the 3 inch silicon carbide monocrystalline that conventional plumbago crucible grew; Temperature field in its process of growth becomes even; And then the stable crystal form rate of its single-crystal silicon carbide is improved greatly, and the thermograde of numerical simulation growth interface has reduced by 3.7 ℃/cm, and the protruding rate scope in the interface of single-crystal silicon carbide reduces.Adopt the net thickness of the single-crystal silicon carbide that plumbago crucible according to the invention grows on average to improve 6mm.
Claims (9)
1. the plumbago crucible of a physical vaporous deposition growing large-size single-crystal silicon carbide; Comprise the crucible bucket and the loam cake of accommodating sic raw material; The upper inside wall of said crucible bucket and the outer wall of loam cake are provided with the screw thread that screws each other, and said loam cake and crucible bucket are threaded through described; It is characterized in that described crucible bucket inwall is provided with the preset pieces of placing porous graphite cake; On preset pieces, be placed with the porous graphite plate, the internal diameter of the external diameter of said porous graphite plate and crucible bucket adapts.
2. the plumbago crucible of a kind of physical vaporous deposition growing large-size single-crystal silicon carbide according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the material of said crucible bucket and loam cake is a high-density graphite, and the density of said high-density graphite is 1.2-2.0g/cm
3, preferred, the density of said high-density graphite is 1.4-1.8g/cm
3
3. the plumbago crucible of a kind of physical vaporous deposition growing large-size single-crystal silicon carbide according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the material of said porous graphite plate is low density porous graphite, and the density of said low density porous graphite is 0.4-1.0g/cm
3, preferred, the density range of said low density porous graphite is 0.6-0.8g/cm
3
4. the plumbago crucible of a kind of physical vaporous deposition growing large-size single-crystal silicon carbide according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described preset pieces was provided with along one week of inwall of crucible bucket, was circular.
5. the plumbago crucible of a kind of physical vaporous deposition growing large-size single-crystal silicon carbide according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described preset pieces comprises a plurality of protruding block that is provided with along one week of inwall of crucible bucket.
6. the plumbago crucible of a kind of physical vaporous deposition growing large-size single-crystal silicon carbide according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the thickness of said porous graphite plate is 2-15mm; The void content of porous graphite plate is 40%-70%.
7. the plumbago crucible of a kind of physical vaporous deposition growing large-size single-crystal silicon carbide according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the internal diameter of said crucible bucket is 80-180mm; The height of said crucible bucket is 80-300mm;
8. the plumbago crucible of a kind of physical vaporous deposition growing large-size single-crystal silicon carbide according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the internal diameter of said crucible bucket is 181-270mm; The height of said crucible bucket is 200-500mm.
9. one kind is utilized the method for plumbago crucible production single-crystal silicon carbide according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Comprise in the crucible bucket adding sic raw material that the distance range between the upper surface of said sic raw material and the said porous graphite plate lower surface is 5-20mm; In the loam cake bottom surface seed crystal base and seed crystal are set, loam cake are connected with the crucible bucket through screw thread build, utilize physical vaporous deposition to prepare single-crystal silicon carbide.
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