Background technology
Radio communication is comprised of transmitter and receiver.And traditional transmitter or receiver generally include a transmitting antenna or reception antenna, also belong to single channel wireless communication system.Along with the fast development of wireless communication technology, adopt the channel wireless radio multi communication technology with multiple transmitting antennas or reception antenna also to get more and more.The channel wireless radio multi communication technology that especially, need to have multiple reception antennas mainly contains: multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) technology, wireless channel Multiplexing Technology (< < statistical multiplexing radio communication system > > CN200910028468.0), blind source separate technology, investigation direction finding technology, multichannel Anti-Jamming Technique etc.
For teaching and scientific research, design a kind of experiment porch of being convenient to implement the on-the-spot teaching demonstration respective wireless communication technology, and in research work, be easy to carry out the experiment porch of different wireless communication proof of algorithm, be a significant job.
" the communication theory experiment case " using in the < < of colleges and universities Principle of Communication > > course at present, a kind of exactly experiment porch of being convenient to implement on-the-spot teaching demonstration single channel wireless communication technology.But this experiment porch function singleness, can only complete the basic module in single channel wireless communication system, and such as modulation /demodulation, coding and decoding etc. are fixed on the checking of the device function in experimental box.
There is part document to be studied multichannel data acquisition system: < < system of multi-channels ' data acquisition of industrial computed research > > (< < computer engineering and design > > the 9th phase in 2004), < < multi channel signals telemetry system data acquisition and display research > > (< < observation and control technology > > the 12nd phase in 2009), the multi-channel data acquisition board exploitation > > (< < building-block machine and automation process technology > > 2010 year 2nd phase) of < < based on FPGA, the portable multi-channel temperature data collecting system design > > (< < photoelectric technology application > > 2009 year 6th phase) of < < based on LabVlEW, the high-precision multi-path Design of data acquisition card > > (< < electronics technology > > 2010 year 2nd phase) of < < based on USB, but still there is following problem in these researchs:
1, application direction is narrower, and useless in radio communication direction;
2, complex structure, all needs special modulus conversion chip or data collecting card just can complete A/D mapping function;
3, majority need be used under specific FPGA programming language environment;
4, function singleness, can only data acquisition function.
In addition, patent < < modulation-demo-demodulation method and the system > > (CN200310104160.2) based on sound card provide a kind of modulation-demo-demodulation method for digital communication and system, utilize computer CPU to complete the real-time modulation and demodulation to signal, with sound card, complete the input and output of A/D, D/A conversion and signal; Expanded the purposes of sound card; The modulation and demodulation algorithm of signal adopts computer software to realize, the channel type that can use according to current communication, calling different modulation and demodulation algoritic modules communicates by letter, digital data transmission can be realized very flexibly, conveniently, at an easy rate, and the radio digital communication of data can be realized by shortwave, ultrashort wave radio set.But this part of designed system of patent belongs to single channel wireless communication system, for the treatment of modulation and demodulation technology, need special Interface Matching module simultaneously and special inputoutput buffer etc. is set.
Have not yet to see related documents and patent about Wireless multichannel communication experiment platform.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is: at wireless communication field, particularly channel wireless radio multi communication system, there is no and can be convenient to implement the on-the-spot teaching demonstration respective wireless communication technology, or in research work, carries out the experiment porch of different wireless communication proof of algorithm.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: Wireless multichannel communication experiment platform, transmitting terminal is provided with at least one transmitter, sendaisle adds up to N, transmitting terminal is through wireless channel transmitted signal, the wireless communication multichannel receiver that receiving terminal is M by a total number of channels receives signal, and transfer the output of M road audio signal to, M >=2, using the sound card in computer as analog to digital converter, a passage of the corresponding receiving terminal of each sound channel, M road audio signal is converted to digital signal, exporting computer to preserves, in computer take described digital signal as basis, verify different radio communication algorithms, wherein, sendaisle sum N and receiver channel total number M depend on verified radio communication algorithm.
The total number of channels M of receiver is more than or equal to desired receiving terminal number of active lanes in verified radio communication algorithm, when sound card is monophony sound card, forms sound card array carry out the corresponding voice data that gathers M receive path by M sound card; Sound card is dual track sound card, during receiving terminal total number of channels M > 2, by
individual sound card forms sound card array,
expression rounds up to data in formula.
Preferably sound card array shares same crystal oscillator, forms the eutectic sound card array that shakes.
Further, the output of computer connects sound card, in computer, through the digital signal of radio communication algorithm process, exports sound card to, using sound card as digital to analog converter, digital signal after treatment is converted to audio signal output.
By computer program control sound card, carry out analog-to-digital conversion or digital-to-analogue conversion, call radio communication algorithm verify by computer program, the programming software of described computer program is consistent with the programming software of radio communication algorithm.
Wireless multichannel communication experiment platform is applicable in teaching, to existing communication technology, as MIMO technology, wireless channel Multiplexing Technology, blind source separate technology, investigation direction finding technology, multichannel Anti-Jamming Technique etc., to carry out on-the-spot demonstration.Meanwhile, be also applicable in scientific research, some new communication technology algorithms be verified.The sound card configuring in computer is cheap, easy to use.Adopt the software being usually used in teaching and research work in computer to be controlled sound card, facilitated the use of teaching and researcher, be easy to and called algorithm compatibility, also facilitated debugging and the improvement to whole Wireless multichannel communication experiment platform simultaneously.
Although also there is the modulation demodulation system (CN200310104160.2) based on sound card in prior art, but only limit to single channel wireless communication system, for the treatment of modulation and demodulation technology, need special Interface Matching module simultaneously and special inputoutput buffer etc. is set.The present invention, by building sound card array, can realize the processing of the multi-channel data of right >=2 passages, by use that sound card array eutectic is shaken, can realize the synchronous acquisition to multi-channel data.
The present invention proposes a kind of Wireless multichannel communication experiment platform, compared with the experiment porch of other types, its remarkable advantage has: 1) be absorbed in Wireless multichannel communication, on this experiment porch, can complete demonstration and the checking work of the channel wireless radio multi communication technology to thering are multiple reception antennas; 2) platform architecture is simple, and platform is used the work of computer sound card data acquisition, and without special analog-digital chip or expensive data collecting card; 3) platform is flexible and convenient to use, the control software using on platform is by being commonly used in teaching and research work, and can to work out the software of algorithm of required demonstration or checking consistent with user, without user, grasp other more complicated programming languages, be conducive to teaching and use with researcher; 4) platform has integrality, is combined with a certain radio communication algorithm, can realize whole Wireless multichannel communication process on this platform.
Embodiment
Wireless multichannel communication experiment platform of the present invention, simple in structure, flexible and convenient to use, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
As Fig. 1, one or more transmitters that total number of channels is N arrive receiving terminal through wireless channel transmitted signal; Receiving terminal adopts the wireless communication multichannel receiver output M road audio signal that a total number of channels is M, existing receiver major part can be directly with audio form output signal, concrete output frequency may be different, but all in audiorange, be also positioned at the reception & disposal scope of sound card; Using the sound card in computer as A/D converter, use the programming software establishment in computer to control software, control sound card and complete the data collection task to M road audio signal, and be saved to hard disk; Then by controlling the algorithm of the concrete wireless communication technology of software transfer, realize teaching demonstration or scientific research checking work to this wireless communication technology; Finally, as needs, can, again by controlling software control sound card, by the data output after the algorithm process of this wireless communication technology, complete whole Wireless multichannel communication process.
In the present invention, the transmitter in Wireless multichannel communication experiment platform can be single channel transmitter, can be also multichannel transmitting machine, and the total number of channels M of its total number of channels N and multichannel receiver, depend on the algorithm of called concrete wireless communication technology, in general, M >=N.
The total number of channels M of wireless communication multichannel receiver, should be more than or equal to the desired number of active lanes of algorithm of controlling the wireless communication technology called of software, and this multichannel receiver can be exported simulated audio signal.
Programming software in the computer using, include but not limited to be usually used in MATLAB, the LABVIEW etc. in teaching and scientific research, and this software has the function of programming Control sound card data acquisition.When the programming software that uses with the algorithm of called wireless communication technology when this programming software is consistent, calling and debugging of algorithm will be more conducive to.
The present invention is using the sound card in computer as analog to digital converter, and a passage of the corresponding receiving terminal of each sound channel, is converted to digital signal by M road audio signal, exports computer to and preserves.Sound card in computer is the sound card with dual track, and now two of the left and right sound channel of sound card is can be directly corresponding and gather the voice data of two passages.When receive path total number M is greater than 2, the method that can form by multiple sound cards are installed in computer sound card array realizes.Therefore, the situation that is M for receive path total number, needs to install
individual sound card,
expression rounds up to data in formula.If when the sound card adopting is monophony sound card, needs to install M sound card and form the next corresponding voice data that gathers M receive path of sound card array.Especially, when the wireless communication technology demonstrating or verify during to synchronously the having relatively high expectations of institute's deal with data, multiple sound cards need share same crystal oscillator, form the eutectic sound card array that shakes, and realize the synchronous acquisition to multi-channel data.
Eutectic shakes sound card array can be by using the method realization of a certain sound card crystal oscillator in array jointly, and the method that also can pass through the outside same crystal oscillating circuit of common use realizes.
When calling the algorithm of concrete wireless communication technology, experiment porch only need to will be saved to the data format of hard disk, comprises that sample frequency, sampling time etc. inform radio communication algorithm, and the data format after algorithm process is proposed to corresponding requirements.
Embodiment 1
As Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, intend the FAST ICA in blind source separate technology (Independent Component Analysis, independent component analysis) algorithm to carry out performance test.This algorithm requires reception antenna should be more than or equal to the passage sum of possibility transmitted signal, is also M >=N.In the present embodiment, transmitting terminal is used four single antenna short-wave radio sets (N=4), and transmission frequency is all made as 10MHz, and mode of operation is USB, and the audio frequency sending by microphone or the data-signal sending through MODEM are designated as respectively S
1, S
2, S
3and S
4, through wireless channel, propagate and arrive receiving terminal.Receiving terminal adopts the four-way receiver (M=4) with 4 antennas to receive.Therefore, meet the requirement of M >=N.The operating frequency of four antennas of four-way receiver is equally all set to 10MHz, and mode of operation is USB.Through four-way receiver, receive, received Si road signal is exported by corresponding four audio ports.Because four tunnel transmitted signals can be mixed repeatedly in communication process, therefore, for any one antenna in receiver, received signal should be the mixing of four tunnel transmitted signals.FAST ICA algorithm thinks, arbitrary antenna reception to the mixed signal linear combination that is original transmitted signal.Suppose that reception antenna i is K to the linear factor of j road transmitted signal
ij, for reception antenna 1, its audio output signal can be assumed to be K
11s
1+ K
12s
2+ K
13s
3+ K
14s
4, the rest may be inferred, and the audio frequency output 2,3,4 that corresponds to antenna 2,3,4 is respectively K
21s
1+ K
22s
2+ K
23s
3+ K
24s
4, K
31s
1+ K
32s
2+ K
33s
3+ K
34s
4and K
41s
1+ K
42s
2+ K
43s
3+ K
44s
4.
Sound card is one of configure hardware the most basic in computer system, basic function is being changed from the original sound signal of microphone, output to the sound equipment such as earphone, loud speaker, sound amplifier, recorder, or make musical instrument send beautiful sound by MIDI (MIDI).Conventionally the sound card of desktop PC configuration provides microphone input (MIC), circuit input (LINE IN), circuit output (LINE OUT), tetra-interfaces of MIDI/GAME.The performance index of sound card mainly contain following several: the 1. figure place of sampling.The figure place of sampling has 8,16,32.Figure place is larger, and precision is higher, and the sound quality of recording is also better.2. the highest sample frequency.The highest sample frequency is the quantity of collecting sample each second, general sound card provides the sample frequency of 11.025KHz, 22.025KHz, 44.1KHz, at present, the Sampling with sound card frequency of higher gears can reach 48KHz, perhaps also there will be from now on the sound card of higher sample frequency.3. digital signal processor (DSP).Digital signal processor is an independent processor that is exclusively used in processing sound.Sound card with DSP is than fast many of the sound card with DSP not, and the speed of better tonequality and Geng Gao can be provided; The sound card with DSP will not rely on CPU and complete all work.4. built-in audio mixing chip.Built-in audio mixing chip in built-in audio mixing chip or power amplifying card, can complete various sound is mixed and the work regulating, and this chip has power amplifier, can playback in passive loudspeaker box.Fig. 3 has provided the general structure block diagram of sound card system.In the present embodiment, need to utilize A/D and the D/A function of sound card, complete respectively the function of the data output audio after D/A converts after A/D sampling functions and the blind source separating treatment of the audio signal to four-way receiver output.
What in the present embodiment, adopt is that process chip is the PCI sound card of ES1938S, and 16 resolving accuracies of this sound card, 6KHz are to the sample rate of 48KHz.It provides MIC, LINE IN, SPK1, SPK2, five interfaces of MIDI/GAME.In the present embodiment, adopted four-way receiver to receive four road signals, therefore needed to realize four-way sampling by two of the left and right sound channel of two sound cards.And the FAST ICA algorithm adopting in the present embodiment requires the data that receive to carry out synchronized sampling.Reach the object of two sound card synchronous acquisitions, two sound cards need start simultaneously and trigger the clock synchronous that requires two sound cards.This can realize with the crystal oscillator on a certain sound card or external same crystal oscillating circuit jointly by two sound cards.In the present embodiment, employing is that the common wherein method of the crystal oscillator of a sound card of using of two sound cards realizes.
By searching the related chip data of bought sound card, find the explanation of chip pin.According to chip pin explanation, find out the corresponding chip input and output of sound card synchronizing signal pin.Use the instruments such as electric iron to remove the crystal oscillator of a sound card, the synchronous signal output end of another sound card is connected to the synchronous signal input end of this sound card, to reach the clock of two sound cards, be taken from same crystal oscillator source, thereby guarantee input signal to carry out synchronized sampling.
Chip that the present embodiment adopts is ES1938S, according to ES1938S chip data, 18 pin of chip connect Oscillator output (crystal oscillator output), and 19 pin connect Oscillator/external clock input (input of crystal oscillator/external clock).Two sound cards will share a crystal oscillator, should make 18 pin XO of sound card 1 (having crystal oscillator sound card) chip be connected with 19 pin XI of sound card 2 (without crystal oscillator sound card) chip, should make two sound cards altogether during connection.The schematic diagram of two sound card connections is as Fig. 4.And then this eutectic alliteration card that shakes is mounted on the PCI slot of computer.
Programming software in the computer that the present embodiment is used is MATLAB.Engineering and science software for calculation that MATLAB software is a collection data acquisition, calculating, analysis, processing capacity is very powerful.Aspect data acquisition, Matlab provides various tool case, as Data Acquisition Toolbox data acquisition, utilizes the function in this tool box to control sound card and other data acquisition equipment.In data acquisition, the analog signal that sound card obtains circuit input (LINE IN) interface is converted to digital signal and sends into computer and process.MATLAB software control sound card synchronous acquisition digital signal is stored as data file, and MATLAB software is realized calling, processing, the such as separation of blind source, spectrum analysis etc. these files by programming again.During output, computer is delivered to D/A converter by digitized signal in pulse code modulation PCM mode by bus, and the audio signal that becomes simulation delivers to by MIC jack the sound that the device translates behaviour ears such as audio amplifier can be heard.
As follows to the eutectic alliteration card general step that the received data of totally four sound channels (sound card 1 left and right acoustic channels, sound card 2 left and right acoustic channels) gather that shakes based on Matlab platform:
A. create two input sound card equipment
AI=analoginput(′winsound′);
AI1=analoginput(′winsound′,1);
Create two output sound card equipment
AO=analogoutput(′winsound′,0);
AO?1=analogoutput(′winsound′,1);
B. add respectively two of the left and right passage of two sound cards
chan=addchannel(AI,1:2,{′chan1′,′chan2′});
chan1=addchannel(AI1,1:2,{′chan3′,′chan4′});
addchannel(AO,1:2);
addchannel(AO?1,1:2);
C. set a property
Be set: duration=1 the sampling time;
Sample rate is set: set (AO, ' SampleRate ', 8000);
set(AO1,′SampleRate′,8000);
set(AI,′SampleRate′,8000);
set(AI1,′SampleRate′,8000);
Send the sample rate setting to variable:
ActualRate=get(AI,′SampleRate′);
ActualRate1=get(AI1,′SampleRate′);
Hits is set:
set(AI,′SamplesPerTrigger′,duration*ActualRate);
set(AI1,′SamplesPerTrigger′,duration*ActualRate1);
Send the hits setting to variable:
blocksize=get(AI,′SamplesPerTrigger′);
locksize1=get(AI1,′SamplesPerTrigger′);
D. start, trigger, wait for
start(AI),start(AI1);
trigger(AI),trigger(AI1);
wait(AI,duration+1);
wait(AI1,duration+1);
E. obtain sampled data
data=getdata(AI);
data1=getdata(AI1);
F. delete object
start(AO);
delete(AI);
clear?AI;
start(AO1);
delete(AI1);
clear?AI1;
Synchronously get after four circuit-switched data, just can on Matlab platform, be further analyzed and deal with the work.In Matlab working space, four circuit-switched data have been stored in respectively in data and two matrixes of data1, and each matrix is respectively 2 × 8000 matrix.By using Matlab programming, can to institute's image data, carry out as obtained the processing such as time-domain diagram, frequency domain figure very easily.Fig. 5~Fig. 8 has provided respectively the eutectic four circuit-switched data corresponding time-domain and frequency-domain figure that alliteration card collects that shakes.Through this experiment porch, computer has been successfully completed data acquisition and pretreated function to received voice data, and the data complete display obtaining, and easily it is done to further work for the treatment of.Four obtained circuit-switched data are given to the FAST ICA algorithm of being realized by Matlab programming equally, now can obtain through the new output signal in algorithm process Hou tetra-tunnels, the sound or the waveplay function that utilize Matlab to carry, all can be very easily again by shake four sound channels output of alliteration card through device plays such as audio amplifiers out of eutectic.
The present invention carrys out data acquisition work with the most basic configure hardware in this computer system of computer sound card, be simple and easy to realize, and without special analog-digital chip or expensive data collecting card, particularly be applicable to the experiment test of channel wireless radio multi communication, provide a kind of versatility good, cost is low, is convenient to implement the on-the-spot teaching demonstration respective wireless communication technology, or in research work, carries out the experiment porch of different wireless communication proof of algorithm.