CN102519447B - Locking-eliminating fiber optic gyroscope of erbium doped fiber annular resonance cavity - Google Patents
Locking-eliminating fiber optic gyroscope of erbium doped fiber annular resonance cavity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A locking-eliminating fiber optic gyroscope of an erbium doped fiber annular resonance cavity comprises an optical path part and a circuit part. The optical path part comprises a pumping laser, the erbium doped fiber annular resonance cavity, a first isolator, a second isolator, a first polarization controller, a first coupler and a detector, wherein the erbium doped fiber annular resonance cavity is formed by a wavelength division multiplexer, an erbium doped fiber, a second coupler, an offset frequency device, a mode filter, a second polarization controller and a mode selecting device. The circuit part comprises a light source driving circuit and a signal detecting circuit. Laser light transmitting along the counter clockwise direction is changed into linearly polarized light in the Y-direction after passing the mode selecting device, and laser light transmitting along the clockwise direction is changed into linearly polarized light in the X-direction after passing the mode selecting device. The offset frequency device exerts square wave phase modulation signals with the same size and opposite signs to optical waves in different polarization directions and transmitting in the erbium doped fiber annular resonance cavity. The locking-eliminating fiber optic gyroscope of the erbium doped fiber annular resonance cavity can avoid the space hole burning effect and eliminate locking.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fibre optic gyroscope, particularly a kind of Er-doped fiber ring resonator fibre optic gyroscope of eliminating locking.
Background technology
Active resonator fiber optic gyroscope is a kind of novel optical gyroscope, it utilizes rare-earth doped optical fibre to produce laser on suitable, the counterclockwise both direction of ring resonator, compensate the light wave decay causing because of ring resonator propagation loss, make the live width of resonator cavity Output of laser become extremely narrow, approach the limit of quantum noise, utilize simple beat frequency detection method just can obtain very high frequency difference measuring accuracy.This gyroscope mainly comprises light path part and circuit part, light path part comprises pump laser, active ring resonator, isolator, Polarization Controller, the first coupling mechanism and detector, and wherein active ring resonator is made up of wavelength division multiplexer, Er-doped fiber, the second coupling mechanism, mode filter and Polarization Controller; Circuit part comprises light source driving circuit and signal deteching circuit.This gyroscope does not need to use helium-neon laser, can realize structure of whole solid state and high reliability, has that potential accuracy is high, a distinguishing feature such as impact resisting vibrating, lightweight and technique are simple.This gyroscope is one of optical fibre gyro important technology approach of simultaneously realizing miniaturization and more powerful environmental suitability.
Form stable laser in active ring resonator time, can form stable standing wave along the direction of propagation of laser, at the antinode place of standing wave, light intensity maximum, it is maximum that particle inverted population decline; At the node place of standing wave, light intensity is zero, and particle inverted population there is no variation.So particle inverted population occur periodically depression with respect to the direction of propagation of laser, this phenomenon is called effects of spatial, and the distance between adjacent two holes is 1/2 wavelength.Due to still very large in node place particle inverted population, so easily form the standing wave antinode of another wavelength laser, form multilongitudianl-mode laser, this can cause larger demodulating error, even causes gyro to lose efficacy.
In addition, in the time that the turning rate of active resonator fiber optic gyroscope instrument is less than a certain angular speed, the sharp light frequency of positive and negative two bundle in active ring resonator is identical, gyrostatic output beat note zero, and this phenomenon is called as locking.The essence of locking is that the main cause that causes laser coupled is in light path, to have backscattering due to positive and negative two bundle the intercoupling of zlasing modes.In the time that beam of laser is propagated along the clockwise direction of resonator cavity, the imperfection of light path will cause backscattering, and the back-scattering light of clockwise direction propagated laser will become counterclockwise to be propagated, and is coupled in the laser of counterclockwise propagating, and vice versa.Owing to there being this coupling, it is little to a certain extent time that two bundles of propagating when reverse direction swash the difference of light frequency, by occurrence frequency traction, causes two bundles to swash light frequency identical, and making the frequency difference of gyroscope output is zero.
The mechanism producing by latch up effect is known, the basic method that reduces locking is the backscattering that reduces light path, this requirement is continued to optimize the design proposal of light path and is improved the quality of optical device, but due to the reflection of rayleigh backscattering intrinsic in optical fiber and optical device junction, be difficult to thoroughly eliminate the backscattering in light path.Offset frequency method is the effective ways that solve latch up effect, the scheme unlocking by mechanical shaking offset frequency has been successfully applied in lasergyro, but adopts the method for mechanical shaking offset frequency can make active resonator fiber optic gyroscope instrument lose miniaturization and advantage simple in structure.In addition, can adopt " optics dithering " to eliminate latch up effect.As placed two PZT phase-modulators on the position in active ring resonator symmetry, apply respectively to modulator the sinusoidal modulation signal that equal and opposite in direction symbol is contrary, between the two-beam ripple that makes to transmit in resonator cavity, produce nonreciprocal phase differential, thereby lock district is departed from the working point that makes this active resonator fiber optic gyroscope instrument, even its little angular velocity or static in frequency difference also can be detected, effectively suppress locking.But the method that adopts PZT, can only apply sinusoidal modulation signal, become periodically to change by the optical polarization after PZT, and produce additional birefringence effect, this will cause gyro to drift about.
Effects of spatial is the active resonator fiber optic gyroscope instrument precision of impact and the subject matter that realizes through engineering approaches with thoroughly solving locking and not introducing other problem at present.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of Er-doped fiber ring resonator fibre optic gyroscope that can eliminate locking is provided.
The present invention includes following technical scheme:
An Er-doped fiber ring resonator fibre optic gyroscope of eliminating locking, is characterized in that comprising light path part and circuit part; Light path part comprises pump laser, Er-doped fiber ring resonator, the first isolator, the second isolator, the first Polarization Controller, the first coupling mechanism and detector; Circuit part comprises light source driving circuit and signal deteching circuit; Er-doped fiber ring resonator comprises wavelength division multiplexer, Er-doped fiber, the second coupling mechanism, mode selector, the second Polarization Controller, mode filter, offset frequency device; Pump laser provides drive current by light source driving circuit; The laser that pump laser produces is divided into the laser of propagating along clockwise direction at Er-doped fiber ring resonator and the laser of propagating in the counterclockwise direction through wavelength division multiplexer; The laser of propagating is in the counterclockwise direction divided into output light-wave and continues the counter clockwise direction light wave of propagating in Er-doped fiber ring resonator after arriving the second coupling mechanism; The laser of propagating is along clockwise direction divided into output light-wave and continues the clockwise direction light wave of propagating in Er-doped fiber ring resonator after arriving the second coupling mechanism; The second coupling mechanism output Yi road light wave arrives the first coupling mechanism through the first isolator; Another road light wave of the second coupling mechanism output arrives the first coupling mechanism after the second isolator and the first Polarization Controller; The two-beam that arrives the first coupling mechanism interferes, and then arrives detector, and the signal of detector output is realized the measurement of angular velocity through signal deteching circuit; The laser of propagating in the counterclockwise direction becomes Y-direction linearly polarized light after described mode selector, and the laser of propagating along clockwise direction becomes directions X linearly polarized light after described mode selector; Described offset frequency device applies equal and opposite in direction, square wave phase modulation signal that symbol is contrary to the light wave of the different polarization direction of propagating in Er-doped fiber ring resonator, make it to produce nonreciprocal phase differential, and can not change by the optical polarization after this offset frequency device.
Described offset frequency device comprises the first polarization beam apparatus, the first catoptron, the first integrated optic phase modulator, the second polarization beam apparatus, the second catoptron and the second integrated optic phase modulator.
Described mode selector comprises the first optical fiber collimator, the first Faraday rotator, the polarizer, the second Faraday rotator and the second optical fiber collimator.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:
(1) fibre optic gyroscope of the present invention, selecting mode selector can make the laser of propagating is in the counterclockwise direction Y-direction linearly polarized light, the laser of propagating is along clockwise direction directions X linearly polarized light, because the two mutually perpendicular laser in bundle polarization direction can not interfere and mode degeneracy, when therefore laser is propagated in Er-doped fiber, can not produce effects of spatial.
(2) fibre optic gyroscope of the present invention, select offset frequency device to apply equal and opposite in direction, square wave phase modulation that symbol is contrary to the light wave of the different polarization direction of propagating in Er-doped fiber ring resonator, make it to produce nonreciprocal phase differential, and can not change by the optical polarization after this offset frequency device, thereby lock district is departed from the working point that makes this Er-doped fiber ring resonator fibre optic gyroscope, even its little angular velocity or static in frequency difference also can be detected, effectively suppress locking and do not introduce other problem.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the composition schematic diagram of fibre optic gyroscope of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the composition schematic diagram of offset frequency device;
Fig. 3 is the composition schematic diagram of mode selector.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, be the composition schematic diagram of fibre optic gyroscope of the present invention, comprise light path part 17 and circuit part 18, between light path part 17 and circuit part 18, adopt electric wire to connect; Light path part 17 comprises pump laser 1, Er-doped fiber ring resonator, the first isolator 9, the second isolator 10, the first Polarization Controller 11, the first coupling mechanism 12 and detector 13, and wherein Er-doped fiber ring resonator is made up of wavelength division multiplexer 2, Er-doped fiber 3, the second coupling mechanism 4, offset frequency device 5, mode filter 6, the second Polarization Controller 7 and mode selector 8; Circuit part 18 comprises light source driving circuit 15 and signal deteching circuit 14; Described pump laser 1 provides drive current by circuit part.The splitting ratio of the first coupling mechanism 12 is 45: 55～55: 45.The splitting ratio of the second coupling mechanism 4 is 90: 10～99: 1.
As shown in Figure 2, offset frequency device 5 is made up of the first polarization beam apparatus 19, the first catoptron 20, the first integrated optic phase modulator 21, the second polarization beam apparatus 22, the second catoptron 23 and the second integrated optic phase modulator 24.
As shown in Figure 3, mode selector 6 comprises the first optical fiber collimator 25, the first Faraday rotator 26, the polarizer 27, the second Faraday rotator 28 and the second optical fiber collimator 29.
In conjunction with Fig. 1-3, illustrate that the principle of work of fibre optic gyroscope of the present invention is:
Light source driving circuit 15 drives pump laser 1 to produce the laser that wavelength is 980nm, be input in Er-doped fiber ring resonator 16 through wavelength division multiplexer, after Er-doped fiber 3, realize the amplification to lightwave signal, the laser that formation wavelength is 1550nm, the laser of this 1550nm is divided into two-beam ripple in Er-doped fiber ring resonator 16, (definition arrives the direction of wavelength division multiplexer 2 for clockwise from Er-doped fiber 3 along minor increment) propagated on a branch of edge clockwise, (definition arrives the direction of the second coupling mechanism 4 for counterclockwise from Er-doped fiber (3) along minor increment) propagated on another bundle edge counterclockwise, after being divided into two-beam ripple after the light wave of propagating counterclockwise arrives the second coupling mechanism 4, part light wave (luminous power is less than 10%) is coupled out Er-doped fiber ring resonator 16, another part light wave (luminous power is greater than 90%) continues to propagate in Er-doped fiber ring resonator 16, and the first optical fiber collimator 25 in mode selector 8, arrive the first Faraday rotator 26, the light vector that this first Faraday rotator 26 makes light wave by left-handed 45 jiaos (along in mode selector, specify+Z direction looks over to define the sense of rotation of light wave), then this light wave becomes through the polarizer 27 linearly polarized light that polarization direction is Y-direction, this linearly polarized light is output from mode selector 8 after the second Faraday rotator 28 and the second optical fiber collimator 29, and through the second Polarization Controller 7, arrive mode filter 6, then this light wave arrives the first polarization beam apparatus 19 in offset frequency device 5, and along light path 1. through the first catoptron 20, arrive the first integrated optic phase modulator 21 (the first integrated optic phase modulator 21 can apply a square wave phase modulation signal to this light wave), then through the second polarization beam apparatus 22, turn back to Er-doped fiber 3, again amplified, in like manner, along the light wave of propagating clockwise from passing through successively offset frequency device 5 in the other direction, mode filter 6, the second Polarization Controller 7, the second optical fiber collimator 29 in mode selector 8, arrive the second Faraday rotator 28, this second Faraday rotator 28 makes the light vector of this light wave by 45 jiaos of dextrorotation, then this light wave is when through the polarizer 27, polarization direction is that the linearly polarized light of directions X is passed, then the linearly polarized light that this polarization direction is directions X is divided into two-beam ripple after the second coupling mechanism 4, part light wave (luminous power is less than 10%) is coupled out Er-doped fiber ring resonator 16, another part light wave (luminous power is greater than 90%) continues to propagate in Er-doped fiber ring resonator 16, and get back in Er-doped fiber 3, continue to be exaggerated, wherein mode filter 6, the second Polarization Controller 7 is identical with the light wave role to counterclockwise propagation with the light wave role that the second coupling mechanism 4 is propagated clockwise to edge, this two-beam ripple can be in erbium-doped optical fiber annular chamber 16 circulating propagation.
By the light wave being coupled out from erbium-doped optical fiber annular chamber 16, wherein a branch of light wave arrives the first coupling mechanism 12 through the first isolator 9, another Shu Guangbo arrives the first coupling mechanism 12 after the second isolator 10 and the first Polarization Controller 11 (this Polarization Controller 11 make this two-beam wave polarization direction identical), the two-beam that arrives the first coupling mechanism 12 interferes, then arrive detector 13, and realize photosignal conversion, realize the measurement of angular velocity finally by signal deteching circuit 14; The principle of work of signal deteching circuit 14 specifically can referring in weapon industry publishing house " photoelectricity inertial technology " first published in September, 1999 P89～94 about sentence to counting treatment circuit relevant introduction.
Polarization Controller 7 can be used to control the power of light wave, makes the power of the two-beam ripple of propagating at Er-doped fiber ring resonator 16 substantially equal.Mode filter 6 is used for reducing the width of spectrum, increases the stability of light wave, avoids the generation of mode hopping.
Before the light wave process offset frequency device 5 of propagating counterclockwise, only has Y-direction polarized light, this light wave arrives the first polarization beam apparatus 19 in offset frequency device 5, and along light path 1. through the first catoptron 20, arrive the first integrated optic phase modulator 21 (the first integrated optic phase modulator 21 can apply a square wave phase modulation signal to this light wave), then export through the second polarization beam apparatus 22.The light wave that propagate clockwise on edge is before process offset frequency device 5, contain two polarization directions of directions X and Y-direction, 2. the light wave of these two polarization directions can propagate output along light path opposite direction and light path 1. respectively in offset frequency device 5, the light wave that polarization direction is directions X can be applied in an equal and opposite in direction applying with the light wave that is Y-direction to polarization direction during through the second integrated optic phase modulator 2, but the square wave phase modulation signal of opposite direction, make to produce between this two-beam ripple an object that non-reciprocal phase is poor to reach, and the light wave that polarization direction is Y-direction arrival mode selector 8 is rear by filtering.
By the offset frequency device in Er-doped fiber ring resonator, apply equal and opposite in direction, square wave phase modulation that symbol is contrary to the light wave of the different polarization direction of propagating in Er-doped fiber ring resonator, make it to produce nonreciprocal phase differential, and can not change by the optical polarization after this offset frequency device, thereby lock district is departed from the working point that makes this Er-doped fiber ring resonator fibre optic gyroscope, even its little angular velocity or static in frequency difference also can be detected, effectively suppress locking and do not introduce other problem.
The content not being described in detail in instructions of the present invention belongs to professional and technical personnel in the field's known technology.
Claims (1)
1. eliminate an Er-doped fiber ring resonator fibre optic gyroscope for locking, it is characterized in that comprising light path part (17) and circuit part (18); Light path part (17) comprises pump laser (1), Er-doped fiber ring resonator (16), the first isolator (9), the second isolator (10), the first Polarization Controller (11), the first coupling mechanism (12) and detector (13); Circuit part (18) comprises light source driving circuit (15) and signal deteching circuit (14); Er-doped fiber ring resonator (16) comprises wavelength division multiplexer (2), Er-doped fiber (3), the second coupling mechanism (4), mode selector (8), the second Polarization Controller (7), mode filter (6), offset frequency device (5); Pump laser (1) provides drive current by light source driving circuit (15); The laser that pump laser (1) produces is divided into the laser of propagating along clockwise direction at Er-doped fiber ring resonator (16) and the laser of propagating in the counterclockwise direction through wavelength division multiplexer (2); The laser of propagating in the counterclockwise direction arrives the second coupling mechanism (4) and is divided into afterwards output light-wave and continues the counter clockwise direction light wave of propagating in Er-doped fiber ring resonator (16); The laser of propagating along clockwise direction arrives the second coupling mechanism (4) and is divided into afterwards output light-wave and continues the clockwise direction light wave of propagating in Er-doped fiber ring resonator (16); The second coupling mechanism (4) output Yi road light wave arrives the first coupling mechanism (12) through the first isolator (9); Another road light wave of the second coupling mechanism (4) output arrives the first coupling mechanism (12) after the second isolator (10) and the first Polarization Controller (11); The two-beam that arrives the first coupling mechanism (12) interferes, and then arrives detector (13), and the signal of detector (13) output is realized the measurement of angular velocity through signal deteching circuit (14); The laser of propagating in the counterclockwise direction becomes Y-direction linearly polarized light after described mode selector (8), and the laser of propagating along clockwise direction becomes directions X linearly polarized light after described mode selector (8); Described offset frequency device (5) applies equal and opposite in direction, square wave phase modulation signal that symbol is contrary to the light wave of the different polarization direction of propagating in Er-doped fiber ring resonator (16), make it to produce nonreciprocal phase differential, and can not change by the optical polarization after this offset frequency device (5);
Described offset frequency device (5) comprises the first polarization beam apparatus (19), the first catoptron (20), the first integrated optic phase modulator (21), the second polarization beam apparatus (22), the second catoptron (23) and the second integrated optic phase modulator (24);
Described mode selector (8) comprises the first optical fiber collimator (25), the first Faraday rotator (26), the polarizer (27), the second Faraday rotator (28) and the second optical fiber collimator (29).
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| CN103389084B (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2015-09-30 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Based on the resonance type optical fiber gyro of two coupled fiber ring resonator coherence effect |
| CN103499344B (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2016-01-20 | 中北大学 | Double-resonant cavity resonant optic gyro |
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| CN105136133B (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2017-09-22 | 中北大学 | High linearity, combined type wide range resonance type optical fiber gyro |
| CN105157693B (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2019-04-02 | 深圳大学 | A kind of ring resonator and its resonance type optical fiber gyro |
| GB201812744D0 (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-09-19 | Univ Southampton | Iterferometric optical fibre sensors |
| CN109084744B (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2020-08-14 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Processing method of dynamic locking area of laser gyroscope |
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