CN102504850B - Oil sand solid hot carrier low-temperature dry distillation process - Google Patents
Oil sand solid hot carrier low-temperature dry distillation process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an oil sand solid hot carrier low-temperature dry distillation process, which comprises the following steps that: raw materials are crushed, then, raw materials and hot carriers enter a dry distillation reaction furnace to be subjected to dry distillation, and oil gas produced through the dry distillation is subjected to the dust removal separation treatment; hot ash slag output from the dry distillation reaction furnace is conveyed to a flow divider for flow division by a pneumatic conveying tower, a part of hot ash slag is collected through a primary cyclone collector, and the collected hot ash slag enters the dry distillation reaction furnace for a second time; and the other part of hot ash slag output after being subjected to the flow division by the flow divider enters a secondary cyclone collector with a dust-containing hot smoke output from the primary cyclone collector, and the collected hot ash slag enters a heat exchanger for preheating air entering the pneumatic conveying tower. The process has the following technical effects that oil contents in the raw materials can be totally extracted through dry distillation to obtain oil steam, liquid state oil and gaseous fuel gas are formed through condensing and fractionation treatment, oil-free ingredients and fixed carbon are not contained in the ash slag subjected to dry distillation, the ash slag can be used as raw materials for cement production and the like or can be directly discharged and treated, and no pollution problem is caused.
Description
Technical field
Present technique relates to oil to be extracted and technical field of smelting, especially relates to a kind of oil-sand solid thermal carriers low-temperature pyrolysis technology.
Background technology
Oil-sand refers to the fragmental products of veneer of crust or rock and the general designation of the mixture that forms of contained water and pitch wherein, and reserves are very huge, is topmost a kind of potential petroleum resources in the world at present.
At present the comparatively advanced oil-sand destructive distillation device of putting into commercial operation has Canadian ATP stove in the world, and its ultimate principle is solid heat carrier method.Be mainly used in the destructive distillation of low middling oil length oil-sand.The oil-sand that high oil length is easily softened bonding does not have the use precedent as yet.
How floorboard with high oil content is easily softened the oil-sand that bonds and carry out the destructive distillation processing, be one of problem of puzzlement industry development always.Especially for some special oil-sands, as originate in the oil-sand that Indonesia's cloth lands on the island, its characteristics are: 1) begin to take place softening when 200 ℃ of low temperature, along with temperature rising bonding phenomenon is more and more serious, temperature up to more than 420 ℃ the time along with the output of oil gas, the bonding phenomenon disappears, and becomes semicoke slag part; 2) fine powder content is many especially in the semicoke, and airborne dust is big, and destructive distillation oil gas dust-laden is many; 3) the raw material water content is big, the drying and dewatering difficulty; 4) stock oil content height contains fixed carbon in the semicoke, can combustion heat supplying.
Therefore, this type of floorboard with high oil content is not easily softened the oil-sand that bonds in the world at present and carry out the maturation method that destructive distillation is handled.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art part, a kind of oil-sand solid thermal carriers low-temperature pyrolysis technology is provided.
Oil-sand solid thermal carriers low-temperature pyrolysis technology of the present invention, said technology comprises the steps:
Raw material enters dry distillation reactor stove HYBRID RETORTING with thermal barrier after fragmentation, the oil gas of destructive distillation output carries out the dedusting separating treatment; The hot lime-ash that comes out from the dry distillation reactor stove is transported to splitter through air conveying tower and shunts, and a part of hot lime-ash is collected through the one-level rotoclone collector, and the hot lime-ash of collection enters the dry distillation reactor stove again; The hot flue gas of dust-laden that the hot lime-ash of another part that splitter is told comes out with the one-level rotoclone collector enters the secondary rotoclone collector and collects, the hot lime-ash of collecting enters heat exchanger, preheating enters air and the cooling heat lime-ash of air conveying tower, and the high temperature dust flue gas that comes out from the secondary rotoclone collector discharges after purifying.
Preferably,
In the described oil-sand solid thermal carriers low-temperature pyrolysis technology, said raw material advances into drying machine drying entering dry distillation reactor stove HYBRID RETORTING with thermal barrier, said partial fume, normal temperature air of discharging from high temperature dust flue gas and the dryer of the discharge of secondary rotoclone collector is mixed into rotary drying machine, be used for the dehydration of the raw material stoving after the fragmentation, other flue gases of discharging from dryer discharge after purifying.
The method of said oil gas dust removal process is: at first with the heavy oil washing, the condensation of part heavy oil is got off, and take away most of dust, dust-laden heavy oil returns dry distillation reactor stove capable carbonization decomposition, removal dust again.
Oil-sand solid thermal carriers low-temperature pyrolysis process using of the present invention following principle:
1.1 have two internal recycle
A) solid thermal carriers circulation,
The hot lime-ash that comes out from the dry distillation reactor stove is transported to combustion chambers burn through air conveying tower, form high temperature sludge (800 ℃), entering into the one-level rotoclone collector collects, collected high temperature sludge falls into surge bunker, with enter the dry distillation reactor stove again after hot charge mixes, moment reaches pyrolysis temperature (420 ℃～500 ℃), and a large amount of high temperature sludges surround feed particles, avoids raw material to occur in the bonding phenomenon in 300 ℃ of zones.The lime-ash that comes out from the dry distillation reactor stove enters the circulation of air conveying tower formation solid thermal carriers again.
B) drying and dewatering flue gas recirculation
In the drying and dewatering process for preventing that high-temperature flue gas from soften raw material and going out caking of oil, adopt dryer input and output material flue gas recirculation mode, being about to dryer outlet flue gas (150 a ℃) shunting part comes out, the high temperature dust flue gas (800 ℃) of discharging with the secondary rotoclone collector mixes, (250 ℃) enter dryer after making high temperature dust flue gas (800 ℃) and low-temperature flue gas (150 ℃) hybrid cooling, realize the big flow low temperature of flue gas drying and dewatering; The following current drying and dewatering meets the anti-fuel-displaced mechanism of high-moisture high-temperature, low moisture low temperature.
1.2 the heat ash exchanges with the Rapid Thermal of air
Make raw material softening fuel-displaced in the drying and dewatering process for preventing high-temperature flue gas, adopt the dryer following current to the circulating flue gas drying mode, being about to dryer outlet flue gas part mixes with the high-temperature flue gas that the secondary rotoclone collector is discharged, enter dryer behind the flue gas hybrid cooling, realize big flow low temperature flue gas drying dehydration.
1.3 the mode of HYBRID RETORTING in raw material and the heat carrier furnace
Adopt elevated temperature heat carrier and raw material to enter the dry distillation reactor stove respectively, HYBRID RETORTING in the stove is avoided machine softening bonding outward.
1.4 the dedusting of oil gas elder generation, washing, purifying fractionation again
The oil gas that comes out at first with the heavy oil washing, gets off the condensation of part heavy oil, and takes away most of dust, and the dust-laden heavy oil that increases part returns dry distillation reactor stove capable carbonization decomposition, removal dust again.Oil gas purifies laggard separation column and carries out fractionation, and tar sand oil is divided into middle oil, heavy oil and kerosene fraction, and overhead gas advances condensate cooler and tells gasoline and moisture content.
Technology of the present invention has following technique effect: the whole destructive distillation of the oil content that contains in the raw material can be come out become oil vapour, handle formation liquid oil and gaseous state combustion gas through the condensation fractionation, do not contain oil content and fixed carbon in the destructive distillation lime-ash, can be used as raw material and be used for manufacture of cement etc., or direct emission treatment, pollution-free problem produces.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of embodiments of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the process flow sheet of embodiments of the invention 2.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the oil-sand solid thermal carriers low-temperature pyrolysis technology of present embodiment comprises the steps:
Oil-sand raw material thermal barrier with 800 ℃ after fragmentation enters the dry distillation reactor stove, and at 420 ℃～500 ℃ following destructive distillation 3～10min, the oil gas of destructive distillation output enters the oil gas dust-removal system and carries out the oil gas dedusting, carries out gas-oil separation then, separates fuel-displaced and combustion gas; The hot lime-ash (420 ℃～500 ℃) that comes out from the dry distillation reactor stove delivers into splitter through air conveying tower and shunts, the hot lime-ash of a part enters the one-level rotoclone collector and collects, the processing of gathering dust, the hot lime-ash of collecting enters dry distillation reactor stove (420 ℃～500 ℃ of pyrolysis temperatures) and raw material HYBRID RETORTING again, the hot lime-ash of another part that the hot flue gas of dust-laden that comes out from the one-level rotoclone collector and splitter are told enters the secondary rotoclone collector together and collects, the processing of gathering dust, the hot lime-ash of collecting enters heat exchanger, preheating enters air and the cooling heat lime-ash of air conveying tower, to carrying out collection and treatment behind the cooled hot lime-ash, the high temperature dust flue gas that comes out from the secondary rotoclone collector discharges after purifying.
The method of oil gas dust removal process is: at first with the heavy oil washing, the condensation of part heavy oil is got off, and take away most of fine powder, dust-laden heavy oil returns dry distillation reactor stove capable carbonization decomposition, removal dust again.
Wherein, concrete parameter such as the table 1 of oil-sand raw material:
Table 1
| The sample title | Oil length, % | Water content, % | Solid holdup, % |
| Oil-sand | 25 | 4 | 71 |
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 2, the oil-sand solid thermal carriers low-temperature pyrolysis technology of present embodiment comprises the steps:
The oil-sand raw material enters rotary drying machine after fragmentation, oven dry back material temperature reaches 150 ℃, enter the dry distillation reactor stove with 800 ℃ thermal barrier, at 420 ℃～500 ℃ following destructive distillation 3～10min, the oil gas of destructive distillation output enters the oil gas dust-removal system and carries out the oil gas dedusting, carry out gas-oil separation then, separate fuel-displaced and combustion gas; The hot lime-ash (420 ℃～500 ℃) that comes out from the dry distillation reactor stove delivers into splitter through air conveying tower, be divided into two by splitter, the hot lime-ash of a part enters the one-level rotoclone collector and collects, the processing of gathering dust, the hot lime-ash of collecting enters dry distillation reactor stove (420 ℃～500 ℃ of pyrolysis temperatures) and raw material HYBRID RETORTING again, the hot lime-ash of another part that the hot flue gas of dust-laden that comes out from the one-level rotoclone collector and splitter are told enters the secondary rotoclone collector together and collects, the processing of gathering dust, the hot lime-ash of collecting enters heat exchanger, preheating enters air and the cooling heat lime-ash of air conveying tower, to carrying out collection and treatment behind the cooled hot lime-ash, from the high temperature dust flue gas (800 ℃) of secondary rotoclone collector discharge and the partial fume (150 ℃) of rotary drying machine discharge, normal temperature air is mixed into rotary drying machine, be used for the dehydration of the raw material stoving after the fragmentation, other flue gases of discharging from dryer discharge after purifying.
The method of oil gas dust removal process is: at first with the heavy oil washing, the condensation of part heavy oil is got off, and take away most of fine powder, dust-laden heavy oil returns dry distillation reactor stove capable carbonization decomposition, removal dust again.
Wherein, concrete parameter such as the table 2 of oil-sand raw material:
Table 2
| The sample title | Oil length, % | Water content, % | Solid holdup, % |
| Oil-sand | 25 | 4 | 71 |
Embodiment 3
To product---gas, lime-ash and the oil after the oil-sand solid thermal carriers low-temperature pyrolysis in embodiment 1 and 2, analyze respectively, the result is as follows:
1, gas: main component is C
1Compound, C
2Compound, H
2, CO
2, the liquefied gas component accounts for 18%, and gas heating value surpasses 10,000 kilocalories/m
3, belong to high heating value gas.Destructive distillation gas can be used for producing liquefied gas, hydrogen manufacturing, industrial gas or destructive distillation heat supply.
2, lime-ash: main component is CaO, up to more than 70%, and SiO
2Reach about 15% Al
2O
3And Fe
2O
3Ratio account for 2～4%, the content of other mineral is all lower, is suitable for producing building material products such as cement.
3, oil: gasoline fraction accounts for 25%, and diesel oil distillate accounts for 48%, and heavy oil fraction accounts for 27%, belongs to light synthetic.
Claims (2)
1. an oil-sand solid thermal carriers low-temperature pyrolysis technology is characterized in that said technology comprises the steps:
Raw material enters dry distillation reactor stove HYBRID RETORTING with 800 ℃ thermal barrier after fragmentation, the oil gas of destructive distillation output carries out the dedusting separating treatment; The hot lime-ash that comes out from the dry distillation reactor stove is transported to splitter through air conveying tower and shunts, and a part of hot lime-ash is collected through the one-level rotoclone collector, and the hot lime-ash of collection enters the dry distillation reactor stove again; The hot flue gas of dust-laden that the hot lime-ash of another part that splitter is told comes out with the one-level rotoclone collector enters the secondary rotoclone collector and collects, the hot lime-ash of collecting enters heat exchanger, preheating enters air and the cooling heat lime-ash of air conveying tower, and the high temperature dust flue gas that comes out from the secondary rotoclone collector discharges after purifying;
Described pyrolysis temperature is 420 ℃～500 ℃, and the destructive distillation time is 3～10min;
Said raw material advances into drying machine drying entering dry distillation reactor stove HYBRID RETORTING with thermal barrier, and is said
Partial fume, the normal temperature air of discharging from high temperature dust flue gas and the dryer of the discharge of secondary rotoclone collector are mixed into rotary drying machine, are used for the dehydration of the raw material stoving after the fragmentation, and other flue gases of discharging from dryer discharge after purifying.
2. oil-sand solid thermal carriers low-temperature pyrolysis technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the method of said oil gas dust removal process is: at first wash with heavy oil, the condensation of part heavy oil is got off, and take away most of dust, dust-laden heavy oil returns dry distillation reactor stove capable carbonization decomposition, removal dust again.
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| CN103450919B (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2014-12-03 | 山东天力干燥股份有限公司 | Oil sand calcining device and an oil sand calcining process |
| CN104861999B (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2017-08-15 | 天津大学 | A kind of oil-sand Atmospheric vacuum destructive distillation is combined the refining plant and method of thermal cracking |
| CN109666501B (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2024-07-05 | 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 | Solid heat carrier oil sand pyrolysis system and process method |
| CN112393613A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-02-23 | 天津水泥工业设计研究院有限公司 | Device and method for preventing high-temperature skinning of cement precalcining kiln system |
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| US3691056A (en) * | 1971-04-13 | 1972-09-12 | Oil Shale Corp | Process for retorting oil shale in the absence of shale ash |
| CN201343520Y (en) * | 2008-12-02 | 2009-11-11 | 刘鹤群 | Flash dry distillation technology device of oil shale |
| CN101921627A (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2010-12-22 | 陕西华祥能源科技集团有限公司 | Air-oil co-production device and method adopting fluidized bed pulverized coal gasification and solid heat carrier pyrolysis coupling |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100594228C (en) * | 2007-05-09 | 2010-03-17 | 东北电力大学 | Integral process for oil shale retorting oil refining and coal-char combustion power generation |
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Patent Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3691056A (en) * | 1971-04-13 | 1972-09-12 | Oil Shale Corp | Process for retorting oil shale in the absence of shale ash |
| CN201343520Y (en) * | 2008-12-02 | 2009-11-11 | 刘鹤群 | Flash dry distillation technology device of oil shale |
| CN101921627A (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2010-12-22 | 陕西华祥能源科技集团有限公司 | Air-oil co-production device and method adopting fluidized bed pulverized coal gasification and solid heat carrier pyrolysis coupling |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
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| 哈萨克斯坦油砂干馏实验研究;王益民等;《石油与天然气化工》;20100415;第39卷(第2期);134-136,143 * |
| 煤和油页岩新法干馏技术——LR固体热载体快速热解法;郭树才;《煤炭化工设计》;19860829(第4期总第37期);59-71 * |
| 王益民等.哈萨克斯坦油砂干馏实验研究.《石油与天然气化工》.2010,第39卷(第2期),134-136,143. |
| 郭树才.煤和油页岩新法干馏技术——LR固体热载体快速热解法.《煤炭化工设计》.1986,(第4期总第37期),59-71. |
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