CN102480962B - 包含苯嘧磺草胺的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂 - Google Patents
包含苯嘧磺草胺的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂 Download PDFInfo
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于植物保护的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,其包含:-呈其无水结晶形式的2-氯-5-[3,6-二氢-3-甲基-2,6-二氧代-4-三氟甲基-1-(2H)-嘧啶基]-4-氟-N-[[甲基(1-甲基乙基)氨基]磺酰基]苯甲酰胺;-至少一种选自聚氧化乙烯-聚C3-C4氧化烯嵌段共聚物的非离子表面活性剂;-至少一种包含至少一个芳基磺酸基团的阴离子表面活性剂;和水;其中所述配制剂的pH值为3-7。
Description
本发明涉及2-氯-5-[3,6-二氢-3-甲基-2,6-二氧代-4-三氟甲基-1-(2H)-嘧啶基]-4-氟-N-[[甲基(1-甲基乙基)氨基]磺酰基]苯甲酰胺(下文也称其通用名“苯嘧磺草胺(saflufenacil)”)的新型含水悬浮浓缩配制剂。本发明还涉及所述配制剂在防治不希望的植物中的用途以及相应方法。
苯嘧磺草胺是一种除草活性物质,其具有如下通式I:
其公开于WO01/083459中。它的其他制备方法描述于WO03/097589、WO05/054208、WO06/097589和WO06/125746中。WO08/043835中公开了一种结晶且基本无溶剂形式的苯嘧磺草胺(下文也称为无水结晶形式)。
出于最终用户施用的目的,可将除草化合物配制成固体形式,如可润湿粉末和颗粒;以及液体形式,如可乳化浓缩物(EC)或悬浮浓缩物(SC)。后者可用水稀释以用于田间,并由此通常提供一种易于处理的施用方式。然而,与许多用作除草剂的活性成分相似,苯嘧磺草胺仅微溶于水以及水与水溶混性溶剂如C1-C4链烷醇或C2-C4链烷二醇和-三醇的混合物中。尽管如此,就易于施用而言,以稀释的含水悬浮浓缩物形式,即以喷液形式施用除草剂是有利的。
悬浮浓缩物(SC)为其中活性成分以悬浮(分散)于液体分散介质如水或多元醇中的细碎固体颗粒形式存在的配制剂,其中所述活性成分为不溶性或微溶性的(低于2000ppm)。悬浮浓缩物通常包含表面活性化合物(表面活性剂)如分散剂和润湿剂,以使所述活性成分颗粒稳定于分散介质中。
虽然使用SC具有前述优点,但是存在本领域技术人员所知晓的许多由于在长期储存期间或在升高的温度下储存过程中发生沉降而导致在SC中时时遇到的问题-沉降颗粒不能再悬浮以及在储存时会形成结晶物质。因此,所述配制剂可能难以处理,且生物功效可能不一致。
当试图配制苯嘧磺草胺时,人们会遇到若干问题。苯嘧磺草胺带有N-氨基磺酰基甲酰胺侧链,其可能在碱性pH值下水解。此外,苯嘧磺草胺可以以不同结晶和非结晶形式(即无定形)、结晶水合物及无水结晶形式存在,它们可发生不受控制的相互转变。该相互转变又可导致苯嘧磺草胺颗粒变粗,尤其是当配制成悬浮浓缩物时。这些因素可导致配制剂的化学和物理稳定性下降,该效应在配制剂长时间储存和/或在升高的温度下储存时尤其显著。所述因素也可导致不良稀释性能,因为苯嘧磺草胺粗颗粒易于从稀释的配制剂中分离出来。
迄今为止,仅可获得呈活性成分含量低的可润湿颗粒配制剂和乳液浓缩物形式的苯嘧磺草胺。尚未报导即使在升高的温度下也具有长期储存稳定性且具有良好稀释性能的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂。
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种苯嘧磺草胺的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,其在长期储存时,显示出高物理和化学稳定性,同时保持其生物功效。其还应与通常与苯嘧磺草胺组合的桶混配对相容。当用水稀释时,所述配制剂应产生苯嘧磺草胺的稳定含水组合物,而不形成粗粒物质或上清液。
令人惊讶地,该目的通过将呈其无水结晶形式的苯嘧磺草胺与某些非离子表面活性剂和某些阴离子表面活性剂配制成pH值为3-7的含水悬浮浓缩物而实现。
因此,本发明涉及一种用于植物保护的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,其包含如下组分:
a)呈其无水结晶形式的苯嘧磺草胺;
b)至少一种选自氧化乙烯/C3-C4氧化烯嵌段共聚物的非离子表面活性剂;
c)至少一种包含至少一个芳基磺酸基团的阴离子表面活性剂;和
d)水;
其中所述配制剂的pH值为2-7,特别地为4-6,尤其为4.5-5.5。
处于所述范围内的pH值与特定表面活性剂的共同作用出人意料地赋予本发明配制剂以良好至优异的整体稳定性。即,在长时间储存期间内,具有高活性但易于降解的苯嘧磺草胺完全保持其无水晶型,且在稀释时该配制剂仍然保持均质且提供稳定的分散体。不被理论所限制,据信中性至微酸性的pH值一方面可稳定该无水晶型,另一方面仍然允许阴离子表面活性剂完全发挥其作用。因此,通过使用所述表面活性剂的组合,并调节pH值至上述范围内,可令人惊讶地平衡无水形式的化学稳定性与配制剂的物理稳定性。
总之,本发明含水悬浮浓缩配制剂在长时间储存期间内显示出良好的物理和化学稳定性。因此,既不会出现诸如苯嘧磺草胺附聚的明显相分离现象,也不会使无水苯嘧磺草胺降解至可观察到的程度或变成不同晶型。
本文所用的C3-C4氧化烯是指环氧环中的碳原子被一个或两个甲基或被一个乙基取代的环氧环。特别地,C3-C4氧化烯是指氧化丙烯、1,2-氧化丁烯、顺式-或反式-2,3-氧化丁烯和/或氧化异丁烯。
本文所用的C2-C5链烷二醇是指具有2-5个碳原子且带有两个OH基团的环状、直链或支化链烷醇,其实例包括乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇和2,4-戊醇。
本文所用的C3-C8链烷二醇是指具有3-8个碳原子且带有三个OH基团的环状、直链或支化链烷醇,其实例包括甘油、1,2,3-丁三醇、1,2,4-丁三醇、1,3,5-环己烷三醇、2,4,6-庚三醇和3-甲基戊烷-1,2,4-三醇。
如前所述,本发明配制剂中所用的无水结晶形式苯嘧磺草胺是指WO08/043835中所公开的苯嘧磺草胺晶型。因此,该无水结晶形式为基本不含溶剂的结晶型苯嘧磺草胺(通式I化合物)。就此而言,术语“基本不含溶剂”意指该无水结晶形式包含不可检测量的掺入晶格中的溶剂,即基于苯嘧磺草胺,晶格中的溶剂量小于10mol%,尤其是不超过5mol%。
可借助X-射线粉末衍射法且基于其衍射图谱鉴定该无水结晶形式。因此,采用Cu-Kα辐射于25℃下记录的X-射线粉末衍射图谱显示出至少2个,通常至少4个,常常至少6个,特别是至少8个,尤其是下文表1中所述的以2θ值或以晶面间距d表示的所有反射角。
表1:
在-170℃下对无水单晶的研究证实,基础晶体结构为单斜晶系。晶胞具有空间群P2(1)/c。无水形式的晶体结构特性数据汇总于表2中。
表2:无水结晶形式的晶体学特征(在-170℃下测定)
a,b,c=晶胞长度
α,β,γ=晶胞角度
Z=晶胞中的分子数
除X-射线粉末衍射法和晶体学分析之外,也可使用差示扫描量热法(DSC)鉴别无水形式。因此,无水形式显示出在170-200℃范围内具有特征熔融峰的差示热分析图。峰的最大值通常位于约180-190℃的范围内。本文所述熔点是指借助差示扫描量热法(DSC,坩埚材料为铝,加热速率为5K/分钟)测得的数据。
无水结晶形式苯嘧磺草胺可如WO08/043835所述,由处于基本不含水的有机溶剂中的苯嘧磺草胺溶液的受控结晶而制备。
本发明尤其涉及用于植物保护的呈含水悬浮浓缩物(SC)形式的配制剂。所述悬浮浓缩物包含呈细碎颗粒形式的苯嘧磺草胺无水结晶形式(本文也称为无水苯嘧磺草胺),其中所述无水苯嘧磺草胺颗粒悬浮于水相中。无水苯嘧磺草胺颗粒的尺寸(即其直径)通常不超过20μm,优选不超过10μm,尤其是不超过5μm。所给粒度也称为D90值,其应理解为至少90重量%颗粒的直径不超过该数值。活性物质颗粒的平均粒径(本文也称为D50值)优选为0.5-20μm,尤其是1-5μm。D50值定义为50重量%颗粒的直径超过该直径,且50重量%颗粒的直径小于该直径的值。有利地,本发明SC配制剂中至少40重量%,优选至少60重量%,尤其是至少80重量%颗粒的尺寸(即直径)小于3μm。可通过常规方法如光散射法测定活性物质颗粒的粒度(即直径)。
本发明SC配制剂中所含的无水苯嘧磺草胺颗粒为固态活性成分颗粒,即该颗粒主要含有纯无水苯嘧磺草胺。无水苯嘧磺草胺的纯度通常为至少90重量%,优选至少95%,尤其是至少97重量%,即无水苯嘧磺草胺占该组合物中所存在的不溶性物质的至少90%,优选至少95%,尤其是至少97重量%。
本发明配制剂中的无水苯嘧磺草胺浓度通常可占该配制剂总重量的5-60重量%,尤其是10-55重量%,更优选15-40重量%。
根据本发明,在上述pH值下,无水苯嘧磺草胺不溶于或仅微溶于配制剂的水相中,即在25℃/1013毫巴下,无水苯嘧磺草胺在所述配制剂水相中的溶解度不超过1重量%,特别是不超过0.1重量%,尤其不超过0.01重量%。
在本发明上下文中,术语“水相”表示配制剂的液态组分,其包含水性溶剂以及溶于其中的化合物。本发明的水性溶剂为水,或水与水溶混性有机溶剂的混合物,所述有机溶剂选自C2-C5链烷二醇和C3-C8链烷三醇,优选选自如下组:乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、甘油和1,4-丁二醇,更优选选自1,2-丙二醇和1,3-丙二醇。根据本发明的特别优选实施方案,所述有机溶剂为1,2-丙二醇。
本发明配制剂中的水性溶剂的量通常可占该配制剂总重量的30-95重量%或30-94.98重量%,尤其是35-90重量%或35-89.8重量%,更优选40-84.8重量%或40-83.5重量%。
在本发明的第一优选实施方案中,所述水性溶剂主要由水构成,即水占该配制剂中所存在的溶剂总重量的至少99重量%。在本发明的更优选实施方案中,所述水性溶剂为前述水溶混性有机溶剂与水的混合物。在后一情况下,所述水性溶剂中的水与水溶混性有机溶剂的重量比优选为99∶1-1∶1,更优选为84∶1-2∶1,最优选为30∶1-5∶1。换言之,有机溶剂的量可优选占该配制剂总重量的0.5-45重量%,更优选1-20重量%,最优选2-10重量%。
本发明配制剂的所述至少一种阴离子表面活性剂c)包含至少一个芳基磺酸基团,且优选选自:
c1)芳基-和C1-C16烷基芳基磺酸如萘基磺酸,单-、二-和三-C1-C16烷基萘基磺酸如二丁基萘基磺酸,十二烷基二苯基醚磺酸,单-、二-和三-C1-C16烷基苯基磺酸如枯基磺酸、辛基苯磺酸、壬基苯磺酸、十二烷基苯磺酸和十三烷基苯磺酸;和
c2)具有与芳基结构部分如苯基或萘基环键接的SO3 -基团的聚合物型阴离子表面活性剂,例如芳基磺酸与甲醛以及任选额外与尿素的缩合物,如萘磺酸甲醛缩合物、苯酚磺酸甲醛缩合物、甲酚磺酸甲醛缩合物、木素磺酸酯等;及其盐。
本发明配制剂中所含的表面活性剂的磺酸基团可部分或完全中和。合适的抗衡离子为碱金属离子如钠或钾;碱土金属离子如镁或钙;以及铵。
在c1)组表面活性剂中,优选单-或二-C4-C8烷基萘磺酸和单-或二-C4-C16烷基苯磺酸及其盐,尤其是其碱金属盐如钠或钾盐以及碱土金属盐如其钙盐。
并入表面活性剂组c2)的甲醛缩合物中的芳基磺酸可为例如苯酚磺酸或萘磺酸,其未被取代或被一个或多个,例如1、2、3或4个C1-C20烷基取代。在优选实施方案中,表面活性剂c2)为苯酚磺酸与甲醛的反应产物(缩合物)的碱金属盐或碱土金属盐;特别合适的实例为DN(BASF)、PP(BASF)和D1(BASF)。
阴离子表面活性剂的总量优选占该配制剂总重量的0.01-20重量%,尤其是0.1-10重量%,更优选0.5-3重量%。
本发明配制剂的所述至少一种非离子表面活性剂b)为聚氧化乙烯-聚C3-C4氧化烯嵌段共聚物,其选自包含至少一个聚氧化乙烯结构部分PEO和至少一个衍生自C3-C4氧化烯的聚醚结构部分PAO的非离子嵌段共聚物,尤其选自聚氧化乙烯-聚氧化丙烯嵌段共聚物。
非离子嵌段共聚物b)的所述至少一个PAO结构部分通常包含至少3个,优选至少5个,尤其是10-100个衍生自C3-C4氧化烯,如氧化丙烯、1,2-氧化丁烯、顺式-或反式-2,3-氧化丁烯或氧化异丁烯的重复单元(数均)。PAO结构部分优选包含至少50重量%,更优选至少80重量%衍生自氧化丙烯的重复单元。所述非离子嵌段共聚物b)的所述至少一个PEO结构部分通常包含至少3个,优选至少5个,更优选至少10个衍生自氧化乙烯的重复单元(数均)。PEO结构部分与PAO结构部分的重量比(PEO∶PAO)通常为1∶10-10∶1,优选1∶10-2∶1,更优选2∶8-7∶3,尤其是3∶7-6∶4。优选数均分子量MN为大于1200至100000道尔顿,优选2000-60000道尔顿,更优选2500-50000道尔顿,尤其是3000-20000道尔顿的那些表面活性剂b)。PEO结构部分与PAO结构部分通常占非离子嵌段共聚物表面活性剂b)的至少80重量%,优选至少90重量%,例如90-99.5重量%。合适表面活性剂b)描述于例如WO06/002984中,尤其是具有其中所给式P1-P5的那些。
本文所述的非离子嵌段共聚物表面活性剂b)例如以如下商品名商购获得:如PE 3100、PE 3500、PE 4300、PE 6100、PE61200、PE 6200、PE 6400、PE 6800、PE 8100、PE 9200、PE 9400、PE 10100、PE 10400、PE 10500、RPE 1720、RPE 1740、RPE 2520、RPE 2525和RPE3110(BASF SE)。这些中特别合适的实例为PE 10500等。
非离子表面活性剂的总量优选占该配制剂总重量的0.01-20重量%,尤其是0.1-10重量%,更优选1-5重量%或1-4重量%。
根据本发明的优选实施方案,本发明配制剂包含:
a)占该组合物总重量的10-50重量%,常常为15-40重量%,优选25-35重量%的呈其无水结晶形式的苯嘧磺草胺;
b)占该组合物总重量的0.1-10重量%,优选1-5重量%或1-4重量%的至少一种选自聚氧化乙烯-聚C3-C4氧化烯嵌段共聚物的非离子表面活性剂;
c)占该组合物总重量的0.1-10重量%,优选0.5-3重量%的至少一种包含至少一个芳基磺酸基团的阴离子表面活性剂;和
d)占该组合物总重量的30-89.8重量%,常常为40-84.8重量%,优选52-74.5重量%或52-73.5重量%的水性溶剂。
本发明组合物也可包含通常用于除草剂含水配制剂中的常规助剂,如粘度调节添加剂(增稠剂)、消泡剂、防腐剂、缓冲剂、无机分散剂等。这类助剂可在实施本文所述制备方法的步骤(ii)之前或之后掺入本发明配制剂中。其也可在实施本文所述制备方法的步骤(iii)之后掺入。优选在该制备方法的步骤(ii)结束之后,且在步骤(iii)之前添加这些助剂。添加剂的量通常占该组合物总重量的不超过10重量%,尤其是5重量%。
用于防止活性成分颗粒凝集的合适无机分散剂(也称为抗结块剂)为硅石(例如获自Degussa的22)、矾土、碳酸钙等。在本发明上下文中,硅石为优选的无机分散剂。最终悬浮浓缩物中的无机分散剂的浓度通常占该最终悬浮浓缩物总重量的不超过10重量%,优选占该最终悬浮浓缩物总重量的0.01-3重量%,特别是0.02-1.5重量%,尤其是0.1-1重量%。
合适增稠剂为影响悬浮浓缩物流动性能且可有助于稳定悬浮浓缩物以抗结块的化合物。就此而言,可提及例如基于多醣的市售增稠剂,如甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素(等级)、黄原胶(例如购自Kelco的等级或购自Rhodia的等级);合成聚合物,如丙烯酸聚合物(等级)、聚乙烯醇(例如购自Kuraray的和等级)或聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、硅酸或页硅酸盐如可疏水化的蒙脱土和膨润土(购自BASF SE的等级和等级;或购自R.T.Vanderbilt的等级和Van等级)。在本发明上下文中,黄原胶为优选的增稠剂。最终悬浮浓缩物中的增稠剂浓度通常占该最终悬浮浓缩物总重量的不超过2重量%,优选占该最终悬浮浓缩物总重量的0.01-2重量%,特别是0.02-1.5重量%,尤其是0.1-1重量%。
适用于本发明配制剂的消泡剂例如为硅酮乳液(例如购自Wacker的Silicone SRE-PFL或Bluestar Silicones的)、长链醇、脂肪酸、有机氟化合物及其混合物。
用于防止本发明组合物的微生物破坏的合适防腐剂包括甲醛、对羟基苯甲酸的烷基酯、苯甲酸钠、2-溴-2-硝基丙烷-1,3-二醇、邻苯基苯酚、噻唑啉酮类(如苯并异噻唑啉酮、5-氯-2-甲基-4-异噻唑啉酮)、五氯苯酚、2,4-二氯苄醇及其混合物。基于异噻唑啉酮类的市售防腐剂例如以如下商品名销售:(Arch Cheimical)、MBS(Thor Chemie)和MK(Rohm & Haas)。
如果合适的话,本发明含水SC配制剂可包含缓冲剂以调节pH值。缓冲剂的实例为弱无机酸或有机酸如磷酸、硼酸、乙酸、丙酸、柠檬酸、富马酸、酒石酸、草酸和琥珀酸的碱金属盐。
此外,本发明含水SC配制剂可与常规粘合剂一起配制,所述粘合剂例如为含水聚合物分散体、水溶性树脂(例如水溶性醇酸树脂)或蜡。
本发明配制剂可通过包含如下步骤的方法制备:
(i)提供处于水性溶剂和所述表面活性剂的混合物中的无水苯嘧磺草胺悬浮液;
(ii)降低存在于步骤(i)悬浮液中的无水苯嘧磺草胺的粒度,优选降低至上述尺寸;
(iii)如果需要的话,任选调节pH值至2-7。
为了制备步骤(i)的悬浮液,将所述无水苯嘧磺草胺、水性溶剂和表面活性剂在可提供足以形成所需悬浮液的剪切力的任意常规混合设备中混合。合适混合设备尤其包括高剪切混合器,如Ultra-Turrax装置、静态混合器,例如具有混合喷嘴的系统、搅拌珠磨机、胶体磨、锥形磨和其他均化器。
各组分的合并顺序通常并不重要。然而,可有利地通过首先将所述溶剂和表面活性剂混合,直至获得均质混合物,随后在剪切下将无水苯嘧磺草胺添加至该均质混合物中而实施步骤(i)。因此,步骤(i)获得包含组分a)、b)、c)和d)的混合物,其中苯嘧磺草胺(组分a))以分散于由溶剂和表面活性剂形成的均质相中的固体颗粒形式存在。
在步骤(ii)中,对获自步骤(i)的混合物(即呈悬浮液形式)进行适当处理,从而将存在于该混合物中的无水苯嘧磺草胺颗粒的粒度通常降低至小于20μm,优选小于10μm,尤其是小于5μm(D90值)。步骤(ii)可通过任一物理磨碎方法进行,如研磨、粉碎或碾磨,尤其是湿法研磨或湿法碾磨,包括例如珠磨、锤磨、喷射磨、空气分级碾磨、针磨、冷冻研磨法等。
步骤(i)和(ii)通常先后进行。然而,也可同时一起进行这些步骤。
如果需要的话,即如果步骤(i)或(ii)中所获得的含水悬浮液的pH值超出本发明的范围,则在步骤(iii)中将步骤(i)或(ii)所获得的悬浮液的pH值调节至所述范围内。在步骤(iii)中调节配制剂的pH值可使用本领域熟知的pH值测定方法,尤其是采用pH电极的那些方法,以本身已知的方式进行。通常通过将酸或碱添加至步骤(i)或(ii)所获得的含水悬浮液中而调节pH值。然而,也可添加使pH值处于所需范围内的合适缓冲剂。用于该目的的优选酸为稀无机酸如HCl、HNO3、H2SO4或H3PO4,或稀有机酸如乙酸。就此而言,优选的碱为稀碱金属氢氧化物如NaOH或KOH,和碱土金属氢氧化物如氢氧化镁或氢氧化钙。优选用稀乙酸调节pH值。以此方式使pH值为2-7,特别地为4-6,尤其优选为4.5-5.5。
步骤(iii)通常在步骤(i)和(ii)之后进行,以使得在其结束后提供最终的本发明SC配制剂。或者,如果需要的话,步骤(iii)也可在步骤(ii)之前或在步骤(i)之中或之后进行。
本发明还涉及本发明含水SC配制剂在保护作物中的用途,以及防治不希望植物的方法,包括向植物、其环境和/或种子施用呈稀释或未稀释形式的配制剂。
本发明除草配制剂可极好地防治处于非作物区域中的植物,尤其是在高施用率下。在作物如大豆、棉花、油菜、亚麻、兵豆、稻、糖用甜菜、向日葵、烟草以及禾谷类如玉米或小麦中,它们可有效防治阔叶杂草和禾草,而基本上不会对作物产生伤害。特别地,可在低施用率下观察到该效果。
取决于所述施用方法,本发明配制剂可额外用于多种作物中以清除不需要的植物。合适作物例如为下述作物:洋葱(Allium cepa)、菠萝(Ananascomosus)、花生(Arachis hypogaea)、石刁柏(Asparagus officinalis)、甜菜(Beta vulgaris spec.altissima)、甜菜(Beta vulgaris spec.rapa)、欧洲油菜(Brassica napus var.napus)、芜青甘蓝(Brassica napus var.napobrassica)、芜菁(Brassica rapa var.silvestris)、大叶茶(Camellia sinensis)、红花(Carthamus tinctorius)、美国山核桃(Carya illinoinensis)、柠檬(Citruslimon)、甜橙(Citrus sinensis)、小果咖啡(Coffea arabica)(中果咖啡(Coffeacanephora)、大果咖啡(Coffea liberica))、黄瓜(Cucumis sativus)、狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon)、胡萝卜(Daucus carota)、油棕(Elaeis guineensis)、欧洲草莓(Fragaria vesca)、大豆(Glycine max)、陆地棉(Gossypiumhirsutum)(树棉(Gossypium arboreum)、草棉(Gossypium herbaceum)、木棉(Gossypium vitifolium))、向日葵(Helianthus annuus)、巴西橡胶树(Heveabrasiliensis)、大麦(Hordeum vulgare)、啤酒花(Humulus lupulus)、番薯(Ipomoea batatas)、核桃(Juglans regia)、兵豆(Lens culinaris)、亚麻(Linumusitatissimum)、蕃茄(Lycopersicon lycopersicum)、苹果属(Malus spec.)、木薯(Manihot esculenta)、紫苜蓿(Medicago sativa)、芭蕉属(Musa spec.)、烟草(Nicotiana tabacum)(黄花烟草(N.rustica))、油橄榄(Olea europaea)、稻(Oryza sativa)、金甲豆(Phaseolus lunatus)、菜豆(Phaseolus vulgaris)、欧洲云杉(Picea abies)、松属(Pinus spec.)、豌豆(Pisum sativum)、杏(Prunusarmeniaca)、欧洲甜樱桃(Prunus avium)、欧洲酸樱桃(Prunus cerasus)、扁桃(Prunus dulcis)、欧洲李(Prunus domesticua)、桃(Prunus persica)、西洋梨(Pyrus communis)、红醋栗(Ribes sylvestre)、蓖麻(Ricinus communis)、甘蔗(Saccharum officinarum)、黑麦(Secale cereale)、马铃薯(Solanumtuberosum)、两色蜀黍(Sorghum bicolor)(蜀黍(s.vulgare))、可可树(Theobroma cacao)、红三叶(Trifolium pratense)、小麦(Triticumaestivum)、硬粒小麦(Triticum durum)、蚕豆(Vicia faba)、葡萄(Vitisvinifera)和玉米(Zea mays)。
此外,本发明配制剂也可用于由于培育(包括基因工程方法)而耐受除草剂作用的作物。
此外,本发明配制剂也可用于由于培育(包括基因工程方法)而耐受昆虫或真菌侵袭的作物。
此外,已发现本发明配制剂也适于使植物部分脱叶和干燥,对此合适地为诸如棉花、马铃薯、油菜、向日葵、大豆或蚕豆,尤其是棉花的作物。
作为干燥剂的本发明配制剂特别适于干燥诸如马铃薯、油菜、向日葵和大豆的作物的地上部分。这使得这些重要作物的完全机械化收获称为可能。还具有经济益处的是促进柑橘类水果、橄榄和其他品种的仁果、核果和坚果的收获,这通过在一定时间期限内集中裂开或降低对树的粘附而成为可能。相同的机理,即促进果实部分或叶部分与植物的枝部分之间产生脱离组织对于有用植物,尤其是棉花的易控脱叶也是必要的。此外,缩短各棉花植株的成熟时间间隔可提高采收后的纤维质量。
此外,已发现本发明配制剂也适于防治针叶植物,特别是自然生长的针叶植物幼苗,尤其是防治自然生长的松树幼苗。
本文所述的含水SC配制剂通常用于防治不希望的植物。为此,可原样施用该配制剂或者优选在用水稀释后施用。优选地,对最终用户施用的各种目的而言,所谓的含水喷液通过用水,例如自来水稀释本发明含水SC配制剂而制备。喷液也可包含呈溶解、乳化或悬浮形式的其他组分,例如肥料、其他组除草或生长调节活性物质的活性物质、其他活性物质(例如用于防治害虫或植物病原性真菌或细菌的活性物质),此外还有用于缓解营养元素和微量元素缺乏的矿物盐以及非植物毒性的油或油浓缩物。原则上,在本发明配制剂稀释之前、之中或之后,将这些组分加入喷雾混合物中。
可通过出苗前或出苗后方法施用本发明配制剂。如果某些作物对苯嘧磺草胺的耐受性较差,则可采用其中借助喷雾装置以使得敏感性作物的叶片理想地不与其接触,同时使活性物质达到下方生长的不希望植物的叶片或裸露土壤表面(直接喷施、绕路到达(post-directed,lay-by))的方式喷雾所述除草组合物的施用技术。
取决于防治措施的目的、季节、目标植物和生长阶段,以使得苯嘧磺草胺的施用率为0.001-3.0kg/ha活性物质(a.s.),优选0.01-1.0kg/ha活性物质(a.s.)的程度施用本发明配制剂。
为了拓宽活性谱以及获得协同效应,本发明含水SC配制剂可与大量其他组的除草或生长调节活性物质的代表物混合并与其一起施用。
合适混合配对的实例为1,2,4-噻二唑类、1,3,4-噻二唑类、酰胺类、氨基磷酸及其衍生物、氨基三唑类、酰替苯胺类、芳氧基/杂芳氧基链烷酸及其衍生物、苯甲酸及其衍生物、苯并噻二嗪酮类、2-(杂芳酰基/芳酰基)-1,3-环己烷二酮类、杂芳基芳基酮类、苄基异唑烷酮类、间-CF3-苯基衍生物、氨基甲酸酯类、喹啉羧酸及其衍生物、氯乙酰苯胺类、环己烯酮肟醚衍生物、二嗪类、二氯丙酸及其衍生物、二氢苯并呋喃类、二氢呋喃-3-酮类、二硝基苯胺类、二硝基苯酚类、二苯醚类、联吡啶类、卤代羧酸及其衍生物、脲类、3-苯基尿嘧啶类、咪唑类、咪唑啉酮类、N-苯基-3,4,5,6-苯邻二甲酰亚胺类、二唑类、环氧乙烷类、苯酚类、芳氧基-和杂芳氧基苯氧基丙酸酯类、苯基乙酸及其衍生物、2-苯基丙酸及其衍生物、吡唑类、苯基吡唑类、哒嗪类、吡啶羧酸及其衍生物、嘧啶基醚类、磺酰胺类、磺酰基脲类、三嗪类、三嗪酮类、三唑啉酮类、三唑羧酰胺类和尿嘧啶类。
也可将本发明含水悬浮浓缩配制剂用作与其他配制剂的桶混配对。因此,本发明配制剂可与大量不同农药化合物配制剂一起混合并施用,所述农药化合物配制剂例如为包含活性成分或助剂的那些,如莠去津(atrazine)、草甘膦、草铵膦(glufosinate)、S-异丙甲草胺(S-metolachlor)、2,4-滴(2,4-D)酯、异氟草(isoxaflutole)、二氟吡隆(diflufenzopyr)、麦草畏(dicamba)、硝磺酮(mesotrione)、精噻吩草胺(dimethenamid-P)、胺硝草(pendimethalin)、咪草烟(imazethapyr)、石蜡油、多元醇脂肪酸酯、聚乙氧基化的多元醇脂肪酸酯、乙氧基化的烷基芳基磷酸酯、甲基化的种子油、乳化剂、硫酸铵或其混合物。
此外,可单独或与其他农药组合、作为与另一植物保护剂,例如与用于防治害虫或植物病原性真菌或细菌的试剂的混合物一起施用本发明含苯嘧磺草胺的配制剂。还关注的是与用于缓解营养元素或微量元素缺乏的无机盐溶液之间的溶混性。也可添加非植物毒性的油和油浓缩物。
以下实施例意欲进一步阐述本发明,但不以任何方式限制其范围。
I.分析:
粒度使用Malvern Mastersizer 2000系统通过动态光散射法在23℃下测定。
粘度使用Brookfield DV-E粘度计,设定为50m-1的RV转子的转子1,类似于DIN EN ISO 255的方法测定。或者或额外地,类似于OECD TestGuideline 114(“液体粘度”)测定动态粘度。
配制剂的pH值根据Collaborative International Pesticides AnalyticalCouncil CIPAC MT 75.3的测试方法测定。用处于CIPAC所定义的“水D”中的1v/v%含水悬浮浓缩配制剂溶液进行测定。
II.成分:
表面活性剂1:苯酚磺酸-甲醛缩聚物的钠盐-DN(BASF SE)
表面活性剂2:氧化乙烯与氧化丙烯的嵌段共聚物,MN 6500,EO/PO之比为50∶50-PE 10500(BASF SE)
消泡剂:聚二甲基硅氧烷乳液-Silicone SRE-PFL(Wacker)无机分散剂:硅石-22(Evonik)
增稠剂:黄原胶-(Kelco)
防腐剂:1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮-MBS(Thor Chemie)
III.本发明组合物的制备:
实施例1
将表面活性剂1(20g)和表面活性剂2(30g)溶于水(673g)与1,2-丙二醇(70g)的混合物中,持续搅拌直至获得均质相。然后加入无水苯嘧磺草胺(342g),并使用高剪切混合器分散。然后使如此获得的浆液通过使用0.8mm珠且珠含量为90%的珠磨机(Eiger Mini 50),直至至少80重量%苯嘧磺草胺的粒度小于3μm。随后添加消泡剂(5g)、无机分散剂(5g)、增稠剂(3g)和防腐剂(2g),并均化所得的混合物。最后,用稀乙酸水溶液(0.2g/L)将所得组合物的pH值调节至pH 5。
IV.化学稳定性
将根据实施例1获得的含水SC配制剂试样分别在20℃、30℃、40℃和50℃下储存6个月。然后通过使用HPLC测定试样中残留的完整无水苯嘧磺草胺的比例而评价化学稳定性。结果显示无水苯嘧磺草胺未发生显著的降解或变成不同晶型。因此,在上述储存条件下,无水苯嘧磺草胺基本稳定。
V.物理稳定性
1.在升高的温度下长时间储存后的稳定性
基于通过稀释由其获得的分散体质量评价储存配制剂的稳定性。
首先类似于喷液的制备,用水稀释根据实施例1新制备的含水SC配制剂试样(使用98g水稀释2g配制剂)。获得无沉降物的稳定白色分散体。
然后分别在20℃、30℃、40℃和50℃下储存配制剂试样达6个月,随后如上所述用水稀释。在20℃下储存2小时之后,检测所得分散体的物理性质。在所有情况下,未观察到或仅观察到基于苯嘧磺草胺总重量为小于2%的少量沉降物。
2.冻融循环之后的稳定性
基于通过稀释由其获得的分散体质量并基于其外观、粘度和粒度分布评价经冻融循环的分散体的稳定性。
将根据实施例1制备的配制剂试样在-10℃至+10℃或-5℃至+30℃之间进行28次冻融循环。随后,在任意试样中,均未观察到残留物、相分离或结晶。同样地,所有试样的粘度及其粒度分布保持不变。此外,以上述方式用水稀释经冻融循环的试样。在20℃下储存2小时之后,所得分散体未显示出沉降或仅显示出基于苯嘧磺草胺总重量为小于2%的少量沉降。
总之,实施例1配制剂在低至中温下的整体稳定性非常好。
V.除草活性
通过下述出苗前和出苗后处理温室试验,证实本发明含水SC配制剂对不希望植物生长具有效果。
在出苗前施用的情况下,向其中存在测试植物的种子或秧苗的土壤区块表面施用喷液。在出苗后施用的情况下,首先使测试植物生长至高度为3-20cm(取决于植物习性),仅仅在此之后用喷液处理。在这两种情况下,所述喷液通过用水将实施例1配制剂稀释至苯嘧磺草胺的常用水平。在这两种情况下,均使用细分布的喷嘴喷雾土壤和测试植物,直至在所有情况下的施用率均达每公顷12.5g苯嘧磺草胺。
测试时间长达19天(出苗后施用)或20天(出苗前施用)。在此期间,照料所述植物,并评价其对活性化合物处理的响应。
与未处理的对照植物比较,使用0至100%的标度评估由所述化学组合物所造成的伤害。其中,0意指无伤害,100意指彻底摧毁植物。
用于温室试验的植物属于以下种属:
学名 | 代码 | 俗名 |
苘麻(Abutilon theoprasti) | ABUTH | 绒毛叶(velvetleaf) |
反枝苋(Amaranthus retroflexus) | AMARE | 反枝苋(redroot pigweed) |
豚草(Ambrosia artemisiifolia) | AMBEL | 普通豚草(common ragweed) |
白花鬼针草(Bidens pilosa) | BIDPI | 三叶鬼针草(broom stick) |
芥(Capsella bursa-pastoris) | CAPBP | 荠菜(shepherd′s-purse) |
藜(Chenopodium album) | CHEAL | 藜(white goosefoot) |
饭包草(Commelina benghalensis) | COMBE | 竹叶菜(benghal dayflower) |
田旋花(Convolvulus arvensis) | CONAR | 野牵牛(field bindweed) |
小蓬草(Conyza canadensis) | ERICA | 三裂猪草(horseweed) |
洋野黍(Panicum dichotomiflorum) | PANDI | 洋野黍(smooth witchgrass) |
圆叶牵牛(Ipomoea purpurea(L.)Roth) | PHBPU | 普通牵牛(common morningglory) |
卷茎蓼(Fallopia convolvulus) | POLCO | 野荞麦(wild buckwheat) |
龙葵(Solanum nigrum) | SOLNI | 龙葵(black nightshade) |
菥蓂(Thlaspi arvense) | THLAR | 遏蓝菜(field penny-cress) |
阿拉伯婆婆纳(Veronica persica) | VERPE | 波斯婆婆纳(persian speedwell) |
表3涉及处理后第19或20天(DAT)时评价的苯嘧磺草胺除草活性。
表3出苗前和出苗后施用呈稀释形式的实施例1配制剂
由表3可见,分别在处理后20或19天,本发明配制剂在出苗前和出苗后施用时均显示出对多种杂草标靶的高除草活性。
VI.桶混剂相容性
在试验室施用测试中,测试实施例1的SC配制剂与表4所列桶混配对的相容性。证实可与表4所列的所有桶混配对相容。
表4:测试并证实的桶混配对
SC:悬浮浓缩物
WG:可润湿颗粒
EC:可乳化浓缩物
CS:包封悬浮液
Claims (27)
1.一种用于植物保护的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,其包含如下组分:
a)占该配制剂总重量的25-35重量%的呈其无水结晶形式的2-氯-5-[3,6-二氢-3-甲基-2,6-二氧代-4-三氟甲基-1-(2H)-嘧啶基]-4-氟-N-[[甲基(1-甲基乙基)氨基]磺酰基]苯甲酰胺;
b)占该配制剂总重量的1-4重量%的至少一种非离子表面活性剂,其为聚氧化乙烯-聚氧化丙烯嵌段共聚物;
c)占该配制剂总重量的0.5-3重量%的至少一种包含至少一个芳基磺酸基团的阴离子表面活性剂,其选自芳基磺酸甲醛缩合产物;和
d)占该配制剂总重量的52-73.5重量%的水;
其中所述配制剂的pH值为4-6,并且含水悬浮浓缩配制剂中各个组分的百分含量之和为100重量%。
2.如权利要求1的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,其中pH值为4.5-5.5。
3.如权利要求1的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,其中所述氧化乙烯单元占该聚氧化乙烯-聚氧化丙烯嵌段共聚物的氧化烯单元的50%。
4.如权利要求2的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,其中所述氧化乙烯单元占该聚氧化乙烯-聚氧化丙烯嵌段共聚物的氧化烯单元的50%。
5.如权利要求1的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,进一步包含选自C2-C5链烷二醇和C3-C8链烷三醇的水溶混性有机溶剂。
6.如权利要求2的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,进一步包含选自C2-C5链烷二醇和C3-C8链烷三醇的水溶混性有机溶剂。
7.如权利要求3的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,进一步包含选自C2-C5链烷二醇和C3-C8链烷三醇的水溶混性有机溶剂。
8.如权利要求4的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,进一步包含选自C2-C5链烷二醇和C3-C8链烷三醇的水溶混性有机溶剂。
9.如权利要求5的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,其中所述溶剂为1,2-丙二醇。
10.如权利要求6的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,其中所述溶剂为1,2-丙二醇。
11.如权利要求7的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,其中所述溶剂为1,2-丙二醇。
12.如权利要求8的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,其中所述溶剂为1,2-丙二醇。
13.如权利要求5的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,其中所述溶剂的重量比例占该配制剂总重量的1-20重量%。
14.如权利要求6的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,其中所述溶剂的重量比例占该配制剂总重量的1-20重量%。
15.如权利要求7的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,其中所述溶剂的重量比例占该配制剂总重量的1-20重量%。
16.如权利要求8的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,其中所述溶剂的重量比例占该配制剂总重量的1-20重量%。
17.如权利要求1-16中任一项的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,进一步包含选自硅酸、硅石、矾土和碳酸钙的无机分散剂。
18.如权利要求17的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,其中所述分散剂的重量比例占该配制剂总重量的0.1-3重量%。
19.如权利要求1-16中任一项的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,进一步包含选自层状硅酸盐、有机改性的层状硅酸盐、多醣和杂多醣的增稠剂。
20.如权利要求19的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,其中所述增稠剂的重量比例占该配制剂总重量的0.05-2重量%。
21.如权利要求1-16中任一项的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,进一步包含选自消泡剂、防腐剂和缓冲剂的助剂。
22.如权利要求17的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,进一步包含选自消泡剂、防腐剂和缓冲剂的助剂。
23.如权利要求18的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,进一步包含选自消泡剂、防腐剂和缓冲剂的助剂。
24.如权利要求19的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,进一步包含选自消泡剂、防腐剂和缓冲剂的助剂。
25.如权利要求20的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂,进一步包含选自消泡剂、防腐剂和缓冲剂的助剂。
26.如权利要求1-25中任一项的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂在防治不希望植物中的用途。
27.一种防治不希望植物的方法,包括向植物、其环境和/或种子施用呈稀释或未稀释形式的如权利要求1-25中任一项的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂。
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EP2470017B1 (en) | 2009-08-27 | 2013-12-11 | Basf Se | Aqueous concentrate formulations containing saflufenacil and glyphosate |
CN102480962B (zh) | 2009-08-27 | 2014-10-15 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 包含苯嘧磺草胺的含水悬浮浓缩配制剂 |
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WO2011023759A2 (en) | 2011-03-03 |
AR077994A1 (es) | 2011-10-05 |
RU2012111426A (ru) | 2013-10-10 |
RU2547433C2 (ru) | 2015-04-10 |
AU2010288528A1 (en) | 2012-03-15 |
CA2770881C (en) | 2017-10-24 |
CR20120080A (es) | 2012-06-01 |
WO2011023759A3 (en) | 2011-09-22 |
BR112012004057A2 (pt) | 2019-09-24 |
IL218005A0 (en) | 2012-04-30 |
CN102480962A (zh) | 2012-05-30 |
MX2012001732A (es) | 2012-04-02 |
AU2010288528B2 (en) | 2015-01-22 |
UY32862A (es) | 2011-01-31 |
ZA201202128B (en) | 2014-08-27 |
EP2470018A2 (en) | 2012-07-04 |
US20120149577A1 (en) | 2012-06-14 |
NZ598666A (en) | 2014-01-31 |
CA2770881A1 (en) | 2011-03-03 |
US8653002B2 (en) | 2014-02-18 |
TW201124077A (en) | 2011-07-16 |
ECSP12011687A (es) | 2012-03-30 |
CL2012000507A1 (es) | 2012-10-12 |
CO6440516A2 (es) | 2012-05-15 |
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