CN102442681B - 一种nu-85分子筛及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种NU-85分子筛及其制备方法,该NU-85分子筛具备NU-85分子筛的XRD特征谱图,比表面积为405~470m2/g,孔容为0.27~0.35cm3/g。本发明NU-85分子筛的制备方法包括晶化物料配制过程、晶化过程和晶化产物回收处理过程,晶化物料配制过程是将铝源、硅源、碱、模板剂、无机盐、EU-1分子筛及水进行混合,晶化物料中加入的EU-1分子筛与硅源中所含SiO2的质量比为2.5~8.5。与现有技术相比,本发明方法能够有效缩短NU-85分子筛的晶化时间,所制备的NU-85分子筛具有较大的比表面积和孔容。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种NU-85分子筛及其制备方法。
背景技术
NU-85分子筛是一种二维微孔结构的高硅沸石分子筛。是EU-1分子筛和NU-87分子筛的共生体,其晶体结构中EU-1分子筛结构带与NU-87分子筛结构带交错相连,结合紧密。NU-85分子筛的这种结构决定了它具有两种母体分子筛的孔道特征和催化特性,这也使得它作为催化剂广泛用于碳氢化合物的异构化反应和烷基化反应中。
美国专利US5385718和US6784334最早提出了NU-85分子筛及其制备方法。所用模板剂为溴化六甲双铵(HexBr2),水热晶化合成。具体合成方法如下:将铝源、碱和无机盐溶解于部分水中制成溶液A,将模板剂溶解于部分水中制成溶液B,将硅源溶解于水中制成溶液C;首先将溶液B加入到溶液A中,搅拌均匀,然后将溶液C加入到溶液A中,搅拌均匀。加入的各物料摩尔比为SiO2/Al2O3=25~40、Na2O/SiO2=0.025~0.5、R/SiO2=0.02~1、H2O/SiO2=5~250、NaL/SiO2=0~1,其中R为模板剂溴化六甲双铵,NaL为钠盐。晶化温度为120~180℃,晶化时间为10天以上。可加入晶种来缩短晶化时间,所加晶种可以是NU-85分子筛、NU-87分子筛、EU-1分子筛。不同合成条件下合成出的NU-85分子筛中所含EU-1分子筛和NU-87分子筛比例不同。温度对NU-85分子筛的合成影响很大,当结晶温度为200℃时,合成出的产物为EU-1分子筛;当结晶温度为180℃时,优先生成的是EU-1分子筛,但产物已表现出NU-85分子筛的特征;当结晶温度为160℃时,合成出的产物为NU-85分子筛。随着结晶温度的降低,产物会由纯EU-1分子筛变为EU-1分子筛与NU-87分子筛的共生体NU-85分子筛。但是温度降低,随之晶化时间延长。所以一般NU-85分子筛的晶化时间在18天以上。
上述现有方法制备的NU-85分分子筛的孔容和比表面较小,特别是孔容较小,比表面积一般为360~400m2/g,孔容一般为0.16~0.20cm3/g。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供一种NU-85分子筛的制备方法,本发明方法能够有效缩短NU-85分子筛的晶化时间,所制备的NU-85分子筛具有较大的比表面积和孔容。
本发明NU-85分子筛具备NU-85分子筛的XRD特征谱图,NU-85分子筛的比表面积为405~470m2/g,孔容为0.27~0.35cm3/g。
本发明NU-85分子筛的制备方法,包括晶化物料配制过程、晶化过程和晶化产物回收处理过程,所述的晶化物料配制过程是将铝源、硅源、碱、模板剂、无机盐、EU-1分子筛及水进行混合,晶化物料中加入的EU-1分子筛与硅源中所含SiO2的质量比为2.5~8.5,晶化物料中的铝源、硅源、碱、模板剂、无机盐和水的组成按氧化物或盐计的摩尔比为:
SiO2/Al2O3=40~65;
R/SiO2=0.08~0.22;
Na2O/SiO2=0.1~0.2;
H2O/SiO2=42~55;
NaL/SiO2=0.049~0.098;
R为模板剂溴化癸烷双铵,NaL为钠盐,可以是氯化钠、溴化钠、硝酸钠、醋酸钠、草酸钠,优选为氯化钠。
所述的晶化过程可以采用动态晶化,晶化过程分为两段:首先进行低温晶化,然后进行高温晶化。低温晶化采用高速搅拌,搅拌速度为300~800rpm晶化温度为100~160℃,时间为1~2天;高温晶化采用低速搅拌,搅拌速度为40~250rpm,晶化温度为170~190℃,时间为2~6天。晶化压力为晶化温度下的自生压力。
所述的铝源可以为铝盐、铝酸盐、氧化铝、氢氧化铝或铝溶胶中的一种或几种的混合物,优选为铝酸钠;所述硅源可以为白碳黑、硅溶胶、水玻璃或正硅酸乙酯等,优选为硅溶胶。
所述的EU-1分子筛,其硅铝比(SiO2/Al2O3的摩尔比)为20~35。EU-1分子筛可以是经过焙烧的,也可以是未经焙烧的,优选经过焙烧的EU-1分子筛。
本发明方法制备的NU-85分子筛能够应用于石油化工等领域,是一种很好的催化材料,其在芳烃烷基化,芳烃异构化及甲烷芳构化和烷烃加氢异构等方面都具有很好的催化性能。
本发明方法在晶化物料配制过程中使用了EU-1分子筛。EU-1分子筛是在结构上与NU-85分子筛极其相似的一种分子筛,同时它还具备纳米晶体的特点。本发明方法充分运用EUO型分子筛的纳米晶体的特点,使其在晶化物料配制过程中分解、形成大量的EUO型分子筛的次级结构单元,而这些结构单元也是NU-85分子筛的结构单元,以这些次级结构单元为导向剂,将晶化物料中的硅铝以及溴化癸烷双铵结合进NU-85分子筛的骨架中。本发明方法有效缩短了NU-85分子筛的晶化时间,降低了制备成本,提高了生产效率。溴化癸烷双铵虽然不是合成NU-85分子筛的传统模板剂,但在本发明方法合成物料体系中,有效促进了NU-85分子筛的合成,获得了意想不到的技术效果。本发明采用两段动态晶化,得到的产品具有更大的孔容和比表面积。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1制备的分子筛的X-射线衍射(XRD)谱图。
图2为本发明实施例1制备的分子筛的扫描电镜图片。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例进一步说明本发明方案和效果。
实施例1
配置溶液1:将2.61gNaAlO2、4.37gNaOH、4.26gNaCl、60.32gDecBr2(418.29溴化癸烷双铵)加入到300mlH2O中,在搅拌状态下混合均匀。
配置溶液2:将125ml硅溶胶(含SiO2 45g,下同)加入到267mlH2O中,在搅拌状态下混合均匀。
将溶液2加入到溶液1中,在搅拌状态下混合均匀,并加入125gEU-1分子筛作为晶种,制成凝胶。
将所得凝胶装入1L合成釜中,于100℃,450rpm下晶化1天,然后在190℃,150rpm下晶化4天。最后冷却到室温,经过滤、洗涤、干燥得分子筛产品,经晶相分析产品为NU-85分子筛,产品的XRD谱图及扫描电镜图片见图1和图2。
所得NU-85分子筛的比表面积为405m2/g,孔容为0.35cm3/g。
实施例2
配置溶液1:将3.73gNaAlO2、6.48gNaOH、3.82gNaCl、44.67gDecBr2加入到350mlH2O中,在搅拌状态下混合均匀。
配置溶液2:将125ml硅溶胶加入到250mlH2O中,在搅拌状态下混合均匀。
将溶液2加入到溶液1中,在搅拌状态下混合均匀,并加入375gEU-1分子筛作为晶种,制成凝胶。
将所得凝胶装入1L合成釜中,于120℃,450rpm下晶化1天,然后在180℃,100rpm下晶化5天。最后冷却到室温,经过滤、洗涤、干燥得分子筛产品,经晶相分析产品为NU-85分子筛。
所得NU-85分子筛的比表面积为470m2/g,孔容为0.29cm3/g。
实施例3
配置溶液1:将2.98gNaAlO2、8.96gNaOH、3.96gNaCl、55.76gDecBr2加入到400mlH2O中,在搅拌状态下混合均匀。
配置溶液2:将125ml硅溶胶加入到342mlH2O中,在搅拌状态下混合均匀。
将溶液2加入到溶液1中,在搅拌状态下混合均匀,并加入268gEU-1分子筛作为晶种,制成凝胶。
将所得凝胶装入1L合成釜中,于160℃,750rpm下晶化1天,然后在170℃,50rpm下晶化4天。最后冷却到室温,经过滤、洗涤、干燥得分子筛产品,经晶相分析产品为NU-85分子筛。
所得NU-85分子筛的比表面积为432m2/g,孔容为0.31cm3/g。
实施例4
配置溶液1:将3.25gNaAlO2、7.23gNaOH、2.13gNaCl、34.89gDecBr2加入到350mlH2O中,在搅拌状态下混合均匀。
配置溶液2:将125ml硅溶胶加入到250mlH2O中,在搅拌状态下混合均匀。
将溶液2加入到溶液1中,在搅拌状态下混合均匀,并加入312gEU-1分子筛作为晶种,制成凝胶。
将所得凝胶装入1L合成釜中,于140℃,650rpm下晶化2天,然后在170℃,100rpm下晶化5天。最后冷却到室温,经过滤、洗涤、干燥得分子筛产品,经晶相分析产品为NU-85分子筛。
所得NU-85分子筛的比表面积为428m2/g,孔容为0.33cm3/g。
实施例5
配置溶液1:将3.73gNaAlO2、8.98gNaOH、4.02gNaCl、36.54gDecBr2加入到350mlH2O中,在搅拌状态下混合均匀。
配置溶液2:将125ml硅溶胶加入到280mlH2O中,在搅拌状态下混合均匀。
将溶液2加入到溶液1中,在搅拌状态下混合均匀,并加入345gEU-1分子筛作为晶种,制成凝胶。
将所得凝胶装入1L合成釜中,于160℃,350rpm下晶化1天,然后在190℃,150rpm下晶化3天。最后冷却到室温,经过滤、洗涤、干燥得分子筛产品,经晶相分析产品为NU-85分子筛。
所得NU-85分子筛的比表面积为457m2/g,孔容为0.27cm3/g。
实施例6
配置溶液1:将2.89gNaAlO2、6.36gNaOH、3.94gNaCl、69.01gDecBr2加入到400mlH2O中,在搅拌状态下混合均匀。
配置溶液2:将125ml硅溶胶加入到250mlH2O中,在搅拌状态下混合均匀。
将溶液2加入到溶液1中,在搅拌状态下混合均匀,并加入335gEU-1分子筛作为晶种,制成凝胶。
将所得凝胶装入1L合成釜中,于100℃,450rpm下晶化1天,然后在185℃,150rpm下晶化4天。最后冷却到室温,经过滤、洗涤、干燥得分子筛产品,经晶相分析产品为NU-85分子筛。
所得NU-85分子筛的比表面积为463m2/g,孔容为0.28cm3/g。
实施例7
配置溶液1:将2.88gNaAlO2、7.63gNaOH、2.13gNaCl、45.13gDecBr2加入到350mlH2O中,在搅拌状态下混合均匀。
配置溶液2:将125ml硅溶胶加入到250mlH2O中,在搅拌状态下混合均匀。
将溶液2加入到溶液1中,在搅拌状态下混合均匀,并加入364gEU-1分子筛作为晶种,制成凝胶。
将所得凝胶装入1L合成釜中,于140℃,750rpm下晶化1.5天,然后在175℃,150rpm下晶化6天。最后冷却到室温,经过滤、洗涤、干燥得分子筛产品,经晶相分析产品为NU-85分子筛。
所得NU-85分子筛的比表面积为464m2/g,孔容为0.29cm3/g。
实施例8
配置溶液1:将4.25gNaAlO2、9.34gNaOH、4.26gNaCl、25.09gDecBr2加入到400mlH2O中,在搅拌状态下混合均匀。
配置溶液2:将125ml硅溶胶加入到340mlH2O中,在搅拌状态下混合均匀。
将溶液2加入到溶液1中,在搅拌状态下混合均匀,并加入364gEU-1分子筛作为晶种,制成凝胶。
将所得凝胶装入1L合成釜中,于100℃,300rpm下晶化2天,然后在170℃,40rpm下晶化5天。最后冷却到室温,经过滤、洗涤、干燥得分子筛产品,经晶相分析产品为NU-85分子筛。
所得NU-85分子筛的比表面积为453m2/g,孔容为0.30cm3/g。
Claims (6)
1.一种NU-85分子筛,该NU-85分子筛具备NU-85分子筛的XRD特征谱图,其特征在于:NU-85分子筛的比表面积为405~470m2/g,孔容为0.27~0.35cm3/g。
2.一种权利要求1所述的NU-85分子筛的制备方法,包括晶化物料配制过程、晶化过程和晶化产物回收处理过程,其特征在于:晶化物料配制过程是将铝源、硅源、碱、模板剂、无机盐、EU-1分子筛及水进行混合,晶化物料中加入的EU-1分子筛与硅源中所含SiO2的质量比为2.5~8.5,晶化物料中的铝源、硅源、碱、模板剂、无机盐和水的组成按氧化物或盐计的摩尔比为:
SiO2/Al2O3=40~65;
R/SiO2=0.08~0.22;
Na2O/SiO2=0.1~0.2;
H2O/SiO2=42~55;
NaL/SiO2=0.049~0.098;
R为模板剂溴化癸烷双铵,NaL为钠盐;
所述的晶化过程采用动态晶化,晶化过程分为两段:首先进行低温晶化,然后进行高温晶化,低温晶化采用高速搅拌,搅拌速度为300~800rpm晶化温度为100~160℃,时间为1~2天;高温晶化采用低速搅拌,搅拌速度为40~250rpm,晶化温度为170~190℃,时间为2~6天。
3.按照权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于:晶化压力为晶化温度下的自生压力。
4.按照权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于:钠盐为氯化钠、溴化钠、硝酸钠、醋酸钠或草酸钠。
5.按照权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于:铝源为铝盐、铝酸盐、氧化铝、氢氧化铝或铝溶胶中的一种或几种的混合物;硅源为白炭黑、硅溶胶、水玻璃或正硅酸乙酯。
6.按照权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于:EU-1分子筛的SiO2/Al2O3的摩尔比为20~35。
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