CN1024348C - 用普通树脂提取甜菊甙的新工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明是一种用普通树脂提取甜菊甙的新工艺,实属食品化工领域,现有用树脂提取甜菊甙的工艺包括干叶浸泡、净化、过滤、吸附、脱盐、脱色、浓缩过滤干燥等工序。本发明是一种用普通树脂提取甜菊甙的新工艺,其特征是干叶浸泡之前筛选砂土泥块、除去表面灰份,漂洗、絮凝采用一定比例的配方,特别是脱盐、脱色两个工序不含酒精,因此可采用普通树脂同样得到色泽纯白,质量很高,成本低的产品。
Description
本发明属于食品化工领域。
目前国内外生产甜菊甙的工艺流程主要是干叶浸泡并加温65℃,再用氧化钙(或硫酸铝、或硫酸亚铁)进行强制净化,然后板框过滤、吸附、脱盐、采用特性树脂脱色、浓缩、再次板框过滤、喷雾干燥、出成品。此种工艺流程所生产出的糖甙其甙的含量只有85%以下,灰分却占0.2%,而且需用价格昂贵、市场紧缺的280型等特性强碱性阴离子脱色树脂,因此存在产品质量不高,所需的辅助原料难以购买,一次性投入成本高等问题。
本发明的目的,在普通工艺流程的基础上甜叶菊干叶浸泡之前采取筛选出砂土泥块,除去表面灰尘、冷软水浸泡等一系列物理净化措施,以及采用价廉易购的普通强碱性阴离子脱色树脂,通过两次浓缩、真空抽滤等特定工艺,生产出含甙量在98%以上,灰份在0.01%~0.05%,甜度在200倍以上的质量标准高色泽洁白的甜菊甙。
本发明用普通树脂提取甜菊甙的新工艺在浸出阶段(A)之前用风选器(图2)进行除尘去杂(a),然后漂洗、沉淀、回收(b)。在浸出阶段(A)先进行冷软水浸泡并加以强制搅拌(A1),并用一定比例的硫酸铝和氧化钙在75℃温度下进行强制净化(A2),然后进行板框过滤(B)、吸附(C)、第一次浓缩(D)、脱盐(E)、三级脱色(F)、再进行第二次浓缩(G)、真空抽滤(H)、喷雾干燥(L)、出成品(P),如图1。
本发明用普通树脂提取菊甙的新工艺在浸出阶段(A)之前,先用风选器(图2)进行除尘去杂(a),并且漂洗、沉淀、回收(b),这样除掉了杂质物,避免了杂质物进入下一个工序。同时采用回收漂洗沉淀后洗液,防止了部分糖甙随着漂洗而流失。在浸泡、强制搅拌中所用的是冷软水,这样防止了在高温下能溶解的非有效成份混入糖液中,在强制净化(A2)时,按一定比例的硫酸铝和氧化钙混合使用,因此净化后的糖液中含硫酸铝和氧化钙的量比其他单一使用硫酸铝(或硫酸亚铁,或氧化钙)的工艺减少30%。在脱盐(E)之前进行了第一次浓缩(D),故分离了糖液中的酒精成分,使脱盐(E)的效果大为提高,其导电率由现有工艺的(300μS下降到100μS)。在脱色(F)中因糖液里不存在酒精,而且由于经过了除尘去杂(a)以及漂洗、沉淀、回收(b)工序,去掉了糖液中97%的杂质(除叶绿素外),而现有工艺只能去掉83.4%的杂质(除叶绿素外),因此可使用价廉易购的普通强碱性阴离子脱色树脂,其脱色效果很高,产品的灰份由现有工艺所生产的0.2%下降到0.01-0.05%。第二次浓缩(G)后采用真空抽滤(H)方法,从而滤出随糖液排出的微量树脂,提高了产品的纯度。
说明本发明的最佳实施例之一-用普通树脂提取甜甙的新工艺,首先把甜叶菊干叶投入风选机(图2)进行除尘去杂(a)。风选机(图2)主要由进料口(1)、4.0KW鼓风机(2)、大拨轮(3)、小拨轮(4)、均布∮5mm小孔的前隔板料(5)、均布∮3mm小孔的后隔料板(6)、120目的隔料纲(7)以及出料门(8)、出料门(9)、出料门(10)和出渣口(11)、出灰口(12)所组成。
经风选,大部分甜菊干叶从出料门(8)放出,同时直径大于5mm和较重的砂土泥块从出渣口(11)排出。直径小于5mm,大于3mm的甜叶菊干叶通过隔料板(5)从出料门(9)放出。直径小于3mm的甜叶菊干叶,通过隔料板(6)从出料门(10)放出,灰尘通过隔料纲(7)从出灰口(12)排出。经过除尘去杂(a)的甜叶菊干叶放入漂洗池。漂洗池的尺寸为5000×1200×1000mm,其内设有装在同一轴上的十二组拨叉。甜菊叶在漂洗池内进行充分的搅拌漂洗,漂洗后的水输入到容积为1000升的沉淀池内,进行48小时的自然沉淀,排出沉淀物,回收净化后的水。然后用常温软水浸泡,强制搅拌(A1),每次搅拌2小时需反复4次。排出废渣后把糖液输入2500×1500×1500mm的净化池进行强制净化(A2),其方法是按糖液∶硫酸铝∶生石灰=1∶0.0035∶0.01的比例混合,在75℃温度下进行溶解、絮凝,然后静置4小时,使其杂质充分沉淀。把强制净化(A2)后的糖液输入到Xmys450型板框过滤机进行板框过滤(B)。把板框过滤(B)(糖液的透明度达到98%,沸腾后没有沉淀物)后的糖液冷却至常温,并输入到吸附柱里进行吸附(C)。吸附柱的尺寸为∮400×3000mm装入吸附柱内的AB-8大孔吸附树脂的体积等于吸附柱容积的三分之一。糖液以每分钟11升的速度通过AB-8大孔吸附树脂流出。吸附(C)后用软水清洗树脂表面,正反数次,洗至出口水清澈透明为止。然后从树脂柱上口加入70度酒精把水顶出,从出口流出的液体中有甜味或有酒精成分时停止放出液体,浸泡30分钟,在用酒精以每分钟4升的流速进行洗脱。待出口酒精浓度低于入口酒精浓度5度时停止洗脱。将糖液和酒精的混合液输入到1000L型减压浓缩罐,在负压700mm/Hg,温度75℃状态下进行第一次浓缩(D),将糖液和酒精分离,把糖液输入到列管式冷却器冷却至18℃,并加3倍糖液量的蒸馏水进行稀释。把稀释后的糖液输入到BJ∮300×2000mm型脱盐柱中进行脱盐(E),装入盐柱内的732型阳离子树脂体积等于脱盐柱容积的四分之三。糖液每分钟11升的流速通过732型阳离子树脂流出,经脱盐(E)的糖液依次输入三个相同的∮300×3000mm阴离子树脂脱色柱中进行三级脱色,装入阴离子脱色柱内的NK苯乙烯系强碱性阴离子树脂的体积等于阴离子脱色柱容积的四分之三,糖液以每分钟6升的流速流出。经脱色(F)后的糖液输入1000L减压浓缩罐内进行第二次浓缩(G),在负压700mm/H9,温度90℃条件下,将糖液浓缩到糖液中的含水量占30%。将第二次浓缩(G)后的糖液输入到真空抽滤罐(图3)中进行真空抽滤(H)。真空抽滤罐(图3)为∮600×500mm不锈钢圆柱体,顶部中心处设有方形漏斗(3-1),方形漏斗(3-1)与罐体(3-2)顶部开门处衔接,其衔接处敷设经过消毒的200目工业滤布(3-4)和两层慢速定性滤纸(3-5),罐体(3-2)顶部边缘处设有∮25mm的真抽气孔(3-3),罐体底部中心设有∮25mm的排液口(3-6),糖液加入方形漏斗(3-1)后由真空抽气孔(3-3)将罐体(3-2)内的气压减至700mm/Hg,糖液通过工业滤布(3-4)和两层慢速定性滤纸(3-5)进入罐体(3-2)内,最后由排液口(3-6)放出,并回收微量树脂,真空抽滤(H)后的糖液再进行喷雾干燥(L)、出成品(P)。其成品(P)呈白色的粉末,含甙量为98%,甜度为蔗糖的247倍,灰份为0.01%,水份为1.5%,比旋光度(a)25 D为-30°--38°,比吸光度E1cm为0.11,重金属(以Pb计)为0.002%,砷(以AB计)为0.0001%。
附图说明
图1、生产工艺流程图
a、除尘去杂 A1、浸泡、强制搅拌
b、漂洗、沉淀回收 A2、强制净化
A、浸出阶段 B、板框过滤
C、吸附 F3、三级脱色
D、第一次浓缩 G、第二次浓缩
E、脱盐 H、真空抽滤
F、脱色 L、喷雾干燥
F1、一级脱色 P、成品
F2、二级脱色
图2、风选机
2-1、进料口 2-7、隔料纲
2-2、鼓风机 2-8、出料门
2-3、大拨轮 2-9、出料口
2-4、小拨轮 2-10、出料门
2-5、前隔料板 2-11、出渣门
2-6、后隔料板 2-12、出灰口
图3、真空抽滤罐
3-1、方形漏斗 3-4、工业滤布
3-2、罐体 3-5、两层慢速定性滤纸
3-3、真空抽气孔 3-6、排液口
Claims (4)
1、一种用普通树脂提取甜菊甙的新工艺,包括甜叶菊干叶浸泡(A1)、强制净化(A2)、板框过滤(B)、吸附(C)、脱盐(E)、脱色(F)、浓缩、板框过滤和喷雾干燥(L)等流程。本发明其特征在于甜叶菊干叶浸泡(A1)之前进行除尘去杂(a)、漂洗、沉淀、回收(b),在甜叶菊干叶浸泡(A1)时采用冷软水。在脱盐(E)之前在温度75度、负压、700MM/Hg下进行第一次浓缩(D),在脱色(F)工艺中采用普通NK苯乙烯系强碱性阴离子树脂,第二次浓缩(P)采用真空抽滤(H)方法。
2、如权利要求1所述的用普通树脂提取甜甙的新工艺,其特征还在于脱色(F)时采用NK苯乙烯强碱性阴离子树脂,装入脱色柱内的NK苯乙烯强碱性阴离子树脂其量等于脱色柱容积的1/3,糖液以每分钟4升的速度流过。
3、如权利要求1所述的用普通树脂提取甜菊甙的新工艺,其特征还在于第二次浓缩(G)后采用真空抽滤(H)方法,其负压为700MM/H9。
4、如权利要求1所述的用普通树脂提取甜菊甙的新工艺,其特征在于真空抽滤(H)所采用经消毒的200目工业滤布(3-4)和两层慢速定性滤纸(3-5)。
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US7923541B2 (en) | 2006-12-15 | 2011-04-12 | Chengdu Wagott Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | High-purity rebaudioside A and method of extracting same |
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