CN102394829A - Reliability demand-based arbitration method in network on chip - Google Patents
Reliability demand-based arbitration method in network on chip Download PDFInfo
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- CN102394829A CN102394829A CN2011103588416A CN201110358841A CN102394829A CN 102394829 A CN102394829 A CN 102394829A CN 2011103588416 A CN2011103588416 A CN 2011103588416A CN 201110358841 A CN201110358841 A CN 201110358841A CN 102394829 A CN102394829 A CN 102394829A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a reliability demand-based arbitration method in a network on chip (NoC). The method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps that: (1), reliability information is arranged for all flits of a data packet; and (2), responses are carried out on arbitration requests of the flits according to the reliability information. According to the invention, arbitration mechanisms of a virtual channel allocator (VCA) and a switch allocator (SA) in an NoC can be fully optimized; application priority transmission of high reliability demands can be ensured; communication delay in the network can be reduced and an occurrence probability of a soft error during the transmission process can also be reduced. Meanwhile, a starvation problem can be solved by employing arbitration historical information; and effectiveness and high efficiency of the arbitration method with whole reliable sensing can be ensured; therefore, the method has an important practical value.
Description
Technical field
(Network on Chip, NoC) referee method in the router micro-structural relates in particular to the referee method based on the application demand reliability to the present invention relates to the on-chip interconnect network.
Background technology
In the concurrent computational system, NoC connects each calculating and memory cell as the communication network on basis on the leading sheet of crowd's nuclear (many-core), and I/O equipment etc. are in order to the data and the control signal of transmission system processing.Wherein, resolving strategy is the performance that influences the route micro-structural of NoC, one of key factor of reliability and power consumption.Therefore, be necessary design and realize that arbitration system guarantees the NoC communication quality efficiently, and then improve the operating efficiency and the reliability of whole many karyonide systems.
In general, the NoC micro-structural of typical five-port is as shown in Figure 1, comprises that four ports in all directions link to each other with the neighbor node router, and a port and local processing unit link in addition, and five ports provide mutual path by the cross bar switch of a 5x5.
Existing NoC micro-structural shown in Figure 1 mainly comprises five modules: (Routing Computation is called for short RC) calculated in input, route; Virtual Channel application (Virtual Channel Allocator; Be called for short VCA), cross bar switch application (Switch Allocator is called for short SA) and output; Wherein input mainly contains a plurality of Virtual Channels (Virtual Channel is called for short VC) formation.A packet (packet) is divided into a stature microplate (head flit) usually, a plurality of data microplates (data flit) and a tail microplate (tail flit) serial transmission.
The route of existing on-chip interconnect network adopts worm hole flow-control mechanism more, therefore has only a microplate through RC and VCA, and all microplates carry out the SA operation.Because Virtual Channel and cross bar switch can be competed by the microplate from different port as resource on the limited sheet, so the NoC arbitration system mainly is design and realization towards VCA and SA.
Traditional arbitration mainly is conceived to fairness and optimization in Properties, however along with the dwindling of process, the reduction of supply power voltage, the signal flop phenomenon of crosstalking etc. and to cause, promptly soft error (soft error) makes NoC face the reliability challenge.And resolving strategy has directly influenced the NoC communication quality, especially has the reliability requirement of different brackets in application.For example, comprise that H.264 A, B, three types of data of C cut apart, wherein to cut apart be that header is divided to the A type, comprises macro block (mb) type, quantization parameter and motion vector, and this information is most important.It is that the frame internal information is divided that Type B is cut apart, and the frame internal information can stop the propagation of mistake, and the A type that these type data are cut apart the given burst of requirement is cut apart effectively, and with respect to inter-frame information, the frame internal information can stop drift effect better, so it cuts apart even more important than interframe.It is that inter-frame information is divided that the C type is cut apart, and comprises interframe CBPs interframe coefficient, and it is the maximum subregion of coded slices generally speaking.It is least important that interframe is cut apart, and its instructions for use A type is cut apart effectively, and different thus importance have determined the reliability requirement of different stage.
So it is necessary attempting adopting some reliability perception informations to instruct the design of arbitration system and realization.Yet industry does not propose in the on-chip interconnect network referee method based on the application reliability demand as yet.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is the problem of considering based on different types of data different brackets reliability requirement in the application of many karyonide systems; Realize the arbitration of reliability perception efficiently design; Under the condition that reduces performance loss and overhead as far as possible, satisfy being applied in the reliable communications sexual demand among the NoC.
Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of referee method of on-chip interconnect network, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps: that (1) is provided with reliability information for each microplate of packet based on reliability requirement; (2) respond according to the requests for arbitration of said reliability information said microplate.
Among some embodiment, said reliability information comprises historical information, the dynamic change of said historical information record arbitration success or failure.
Among some embodiment, said historical information is represented that by counter wherein when arbitrating successfully, then the value of said counter resets to zero, otherwise adds 1 modulo operation.
Among some embodiment, said reliability information also comprises reliability requirement information, and said reliability requirement information comprises high reliability demand and general reliability requirement.
Among some embodiment, said reliability requirement information is come record with the flag bit of n bit, and said flag bit is located in the said microplate.
Among some embodiment,, then the identical a plurality of microplates of said historical information are arbitrated according to said reliability requirement if the said historical information of a plurality of said microplates is identical.
Among some embodiment,, then the identical a plurality of microplates of said historical information are arbitrated according to said reliability requirement if the said historical information of a plurality of said microplates is identical.
Among some embodiment,, then use poll arbitration carrying out priority setting and selection if the said reliability requirement of a plurality of said microplates is identical.
Use the arbitration mechanism that the present invention can fully optimize VCA and SA in the on-chip interconnect network, can guarantee the application prioritised transmission of high reliability demand, reduce the communication delay in network, soft error probability of happening in the minimizing transmission course.Also adopt the arbitration historical information to solve problem hungry to death simultaneously, guarantee whole reliable perception referee method effectively with efficient, have important practical and be worth.
In conjunction with accompanying drawing, can know other aspects of the present invention and advantage according to the description of passing through example description purport of the present invention of hereinafter.
Description of drawings
In conjunction with accompanying drawing, through the detailed description of stating of hereinafter, can more be expressly understood above-mentioned and other feature and advantage of the present invention, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the micro-structural of existing NoC;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart that illustrates according to the referee method of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Referring to the accompanying drawing that the embodiment of the invention is shown, hereinafter will be described the present invention in more detail.Yet the present invention can be with many multi-form realizations, and should not be construed as the restriction of the embodiment that receives in this proposition.On the contrary, it is abundant and complete open in order to reach proposing these embodiment, and makes the technical staff in present technique field understand scope of the present invention fully.In these accompanying drawings, for clarity sake, possibly amplify the size and the relative size in layer and zone.
With general NoC router topology is example, describes according to referee method of the present invention.
Among the embodiment, adopted noun worm hole exchanging mechanism, route to calculate RC, the filing of the award device VCA of Virtual Channel and the filing of the award device SA of cross bar switch.
Under the exchanging mechanism of worm hole, microplate is as the communication unit of minimum, and router does not wait for that the bag tail arrives just to subordinate's route transmission, transmits with pipeline mode after receiving the header microplate in network.When arbitrary microplate cause clogging, whole transfer path is all occupied.
Route is calculated RC and is meant according to the source in the microplate in the network-purpose information and can dispose based on routing table in order to calculate routed path, also can adopt the logic module of customization to realize that next jumps the calculating of routing node.
The filing of the award device VCA of Virtual Channel means and adopts the method that increases Virtual Channel usually in order to solve the obstructing problem of worm hole exchanging mechanism.Basic thought is that a plurality of buffering areas are set on each physical channel; Be Virtual Channel VC; The corresponding Virtual Channel in each district; All Virtual Channels are shared this physical channel with time division multiplexing mode. and can be the packet that other packet is walked around obstruction thus, improve physical channel utilance and network throughput.The introducing of Virtual Channel simultaneously can realize more easily that self adaptation do not have the deadlock algorithm.The a plurality of microplates that belong to same packet are monopolized same VC, and this just needs a microplate to pass through arbitration mechanism application efficiently to available VC from a plurality of Virtual Channels.
The filing of the award device of cross bar switch means because cross bar switch as the direct direct-connected path of a plurality of ports, needs the moderator of n:1 from a plurality of concurrent port request, to select the microplate of high priority to transmit in advance.
Technical scheme of the present invention is at the different brackets reliability information through using, and the perception information that the reliability of communication data microplate is relevant instructs the configuration of VCA and SA priority arbitration in the router.
Different with the referee method of traditional no reliable perception, in the present invention, the having of priority arbitration based on reliability information collocation strategy main factor:
(a) historical information of microplate arbitration: a key issue that must solve based on the arbitration of priority is exactly " dying of hunger ", prevents that promptly the request of the microplate that priority is low from can't meet with a response forever.Especially in the Network Transmission based on worm hole exchanging mechanism, the microplate that " dying of hunger " can cause trailing after the low microplate of priority is all blocked, causes the local stagnation of network, and then influences whole network communication quality.To this problem, the present invention intends the historical information of record microplate arbitration, effectively avoids hungry to death.Simultaneously, in order to reduce the realization expense, for the counter of log history information circulate modulo operation, for example 2,4 empirical values such as grade.The value of the counter of log history information dynamically changes along with arbitrating successfully or failing, and is specially to reset to zeroly when arbitrate successfully then Counter Value, otherwise adds 1 modulo operation.
(b) reliability of applying demand: the importance based on transmission data in the application is different, and it is also variant to the demand levels of reliability.Therefore, the demand levels of reliability shows as different brackets.For instance, can be divided into two-stage to the data of Network Transmission roughly, that is, and high reliability demand and general reliability requirement.Promptly the flag bit of a need n bit writes down the demand levels of reliability.Simultaneously, in view of the life cycle of reliability requirement being begins till the deviated from network from getting into network, and the value of the flag bit of reliability requirement remains unchanged, so carry this flag bit by each microplate.
In the present invention; The arbitration mechanism of reliability perception is as shown in Figure 2 among the NoC; Relevant information through above-mentioned two kinds of reliability perception arbitration: reliability of applying demand, poll arbitration carrying out priority setting and the selection of the collaborative Round Robin of historical information of microplate arbitration.
The existing referee method of describing in detail according to on-chip interconnect network of the present invention based on reliability requirement.
At first, for each microplate of packet reliability information is set.
Among one embodiment, said reliability information comprises historical information, the dynamic change of said historical information record arbitration success or failure.In the present embodiment, said historical information is represented by counter.When arbitrating successfully, then the value of said counter resets to zero, otherwise adds 1 modulo operation.In order to reduce the realization expense, for the counter of log history information circulate modulo operation, for example 2,4 empirical values such as grade.The value of the counter of log history information dynamically changes along with arbitrating successfully or failing, and is specially to reset to zeroly when arbitrate successfully then Counter Value, otherwise adds 1 modulo operation.
Among another embodiment, said reliability information also comprises reliability requirement information, and said reliability requirement information comprises high reliability demand and general reliability requirement.As previously mentioned, different based on the importance of transmission data in the application, it is also variant to the demand levels of reliability.Therefore, the demand levels of reliability shows as different brackets.
In the present embodiment, for example can be divided into two-stage to the data of Network Transmission roughly, that is, and high reliability demand and general reliability requirement.Thus, promptly only need the flag bit of n bit to write down the demand levels of reliability.In the present embodiment, said reliability requirement information is come record with the flag bit of 1 bit, and said flag bit is located in the microplate of said packet.Because whole communication bandwidth is the same, so no matter be head, data still are that the tail microplate all adds this flag bit, and therefore, said being masked as is placed in each microplate.
Then, respond according to the requests for arbitration of said reliability information said packet microplate.
Each packet of being made up of a plurality of microplates is that base unit all needs arbitration with the microplate, and promptly VCA guarantees to communicate by letter normally to carry out with SA.When carrying out VCA and SA, need send requests for arbitration.Requests for arbitration exists with 1 hardware signal line of correspondence, is independent of packet.
When a microplate of a plurality of Virtual Channels carried out the VCA arbitration, the microplate that request takes place simultaneously constituted a request queue in logic.In addition, carry out the SA arbitration, also form request queue at all kinds microplate of a plurality of ports.
When arbitrating successfully, microplate corresponding historical information counter resets to 0.Otherwise arbitration failure formation corresponding historical information counter then adds 1 modulo operation.Operation and aforesaid operations are similar when all kinds microplate of a plurality of ports carries out the SA arbitration.
Particularly, for a specific requests for arbitration: arbitrate successfully then that Counter Value resets to zero, otherwise be exactly that the arbitration failure then adds 1 modulo operation.And for all requests, arbitrate successful Counter Value exactly and reset to zero, all corresponding historical information counters all carry out 1 modulo operation in the arbitration failure formation.
Among some embodiment,, then the identical a plurality of microplates of said historical information are arbitrated according to said reliability requirement information if the said historical information of a plurality of said microplates is identical.Because it is identical to have the historical information of a plurality of microplates, therefore, in such cases, need arbitrate according to the reliability requirement information of the identical a plurality of microplates of historical information.In the present embodiment, be that the microplate of high reliability demand carries out preferential answering to reliability requirement information.
Among other embodiment,, then use poll arbitration carrying out priority setting and selection if the said reliability requirement of a plurality of said microplates is identical.Because it is identical to have the reliability requirement information of a plurality of microplates, therefore,, then use industry general arbitration way commonly used to arbitrate in such cases.In the present embodiment, adopt classical Round Robin to arbitrate.Refer now to Fig. 2 and describe concrete realization according to referee method of the present invention.
In step S101, accomplish the initial work of arbitration, guarantee that the arbitration of a beginning new round is selected.
In step S102, M solicited message in the read request queue is so that carry out arbitration process.
In step S103; Solicited message to reading compares; Grade according to historical information sorts, and selects the highest grade of historical information one, if select successfully; The counter of other request corresponding historical information in the formation of arbitration failure this time adds 1 modulo operation, and jumps to step S106 operation.
In step S104; If N request history information grade is identical, then sort according to the flag bit of using reliable demand again, if high reliability demand; Then priority is high; If select successfully, the counter of other request corresponding historical information in the formation of arbitration failure this time adds 1 modulo operation, then jumps to step S106 operation.
In step S105; If L request reliability requirement grade is identical, then adopt classical Round Robin to arbitrate, if select successfully; The counter of other request corresponding historical information in the formation of arbitration failure this time adds 1 modulo operation, then jumps to step S107 operation.
In step 106, the request of choosing is responded and serves, and prepare to get into new round arbitration, rebound step S101.
In the present embodiment, M, N, L all are natural number.
Use the arbitration mechanism that the present invention can fully optimize VCA and SA in the on-chip interconnect network, can guarantee the application prioritised transmission of high reliability demand, reduce the communication delay in network, soft error probability of happening in the minimizing transmission course.Also adopt the arbitration historical information to solve problem hungry to death simultaneously, guarantee whole reliable perception referee method effectively with efficient, have important practical and be worth.
Because of should be understood that the present invention, the technical staff in present technique field can realize not breaking away from the spirit or scope of the present invention with many other concrete forms.Although described embodiments of the invention already, the present invention should be understood and these embodiment should be restricted to, the technical staff in present technique field can like enclosed to make within the spirit and scope of the invention that claims define and change and revise.
Claims (7)
1. the referee method based on reliability requirement of an on-chip interconnect network is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) reliability information is set for each microplate of packet;
(2) respond according to the requests for arbitration of said reliability information said microplate.
2. referee method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said reliability information comprises historical information, the dynamic change of said historical information record arbitration success or failure.
3. referee method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, said historical information is represented that by counter wherein when arbitrating successfully, then the value of said counter resets to zero, otherwise adds 1 modulo operation.
4. referee method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said reliability information also comprises reliability requirement information, and said reliability requirement information comprises high reliability demand and general reliability requirement.
5. referee method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, said reliability requirement information is come record with the flag bit of n bit, and said flag bit is located in the said microplate.
6. referee method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, if the said historical information of a plurality of said microplates is identical, then according to said reliability requirement the identical a plurality of microplates of said historical information is arbitrated.
7. referee method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, if the said reliability requirement of a plurality of said microplates is identical, then uses poll arbitration carrying out priority setting and selection.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102710530A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2012-10-03 | 黑龙江大学 | Configurable network-on-chip fault tolerance method |
| CN105022717A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2015-11-04 | 中国航空无线电电子研究所 | Network on chip resource arbitration method and arbitration unit of additional request number priority |
| CN105306382A (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2016-02-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data processing method of No-cache NOC and NOC electronic element |
| CN105490939A (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2016-04-13 | 帕洛阿尔托研究中心公司 | Routing in dependence of the application |
| CN109379304A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-02-22 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | A kind of equity dispatching method for reducing low priority packet delay |
| CN113568849A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-10-29 | 海飞科(南京)信息技术有限公司 | Roller arbitration method and circuit for on-chip data exchange |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102710530A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2012-10-03 | 黑龙江大学 | Configurable network-on-chip fault tolerance method |
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| CN109379304A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-02-22 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | A kind of equity dispatching method for reducing low priority packet delay |
| CN109379304B (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2022-05-06 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Fair scheduling method for reducing low-priority packet delay |
| CN113568849A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-10-29 | 海飞科(南京)信息技术有限公司 | Roller arbitration method and circuit for on-chip data exchange |
| CN113568849B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2022-04-22 | 海飞科(南京)信息技术有限公司 | Roller arbitration method and circuit for on-chip data exchange |
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Application publication date: 20120328 |