CN102383828A - Refection reducing and outburst eliminating method for deep-hole hydraulic fracture driving gas shallow hole extraction - Google Patents
Refection reducing and outburst eliminating method for deep-hole hydraulic fracture driving gas shallow hole extraction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a refection reducing and outburst eliminating method for deep-hole hydraulic fracture driving gas shallow hole extraction. The method comprises the following steps of: gradually and alternately constructing hydraulic fracture holes and gas extraction holes in the coal bed direction in a coal mining working face tunnel, an airway or a tunneling working face, and performing high-pressure water injection and gas extraction; stopping injecting water after the water is injected into the hydraulic fracture holes for 0.5 to 5 hours, and changing gas extraction pipe joints to extract gas; after the hydraulic fracture hole or gas extraction concentration is lower than 5%, changing water injection pipes to perform static pressure water injection; and when the coal mining working face is recovered to the position 5 meters away from the static pressure water injection holes or the tunneled working face is tunneled again, stopping a pump or closing a static pressure water valve to stop water injection. According to the method, refection reduction of the gas-containing coal bed is realized, the gas extraction rate is improved, the gas in the mining space is effectively prevented from exceeding the limit, outburst risks of coal and gas are reduced, and safe and efficient recovery of coal is ensured. The method is simple and good in effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gas pumping extinction method, especially a kind of deep hole waterpower causes splits the anti-reflection and extinction method of driveing the extraction of gas shallow bore hole.
Background technology
Coal and gas are outstanding to be one of major accident of serious threat safety of coal mines High-efficient Production, and taking out coal-bed gas in advance is the measure that effects a permanent cure of prevention gas disaster.Can reduce seam gas content and pressure through taking out in advance, thereby reduce or coal and the outstanding hidden danger of gas when eliminating projecting coal bed digging, reduce the mine gas emission rate when exploiting.A large amount of tests and theoretical study results show that along with the increase of the seam mining degree of depth, geostatic stress constantly increases, and the gas permeability of coal seam coefficient reduces thereupon, thereby has restricted the extraction effect of coal-bed gas, and has influenced normally taking over of mine to a great extent.Simultaneously, the gas permeability in China coal seam is generally on the low side, than low at least 2~3 one magnitude of the U.S..Therefore to improve the preparatory gas pumping effect of low air permeability coal seam; Except should on engineering, increasing drill hole density, prolonging the extraction time; Mainly be the anti-reflection technology in coal seam that relies on various ways technically; Increase coal body crack density and scope, improve gas permeability of coal seam, finally reach the purpose that improves coal-bed gas extraction effect.For the low coal seam of adopting of gas permeability than hard-pumped, for improving the gas pumping effect, will make the coal seam release anti-reflection through various means, to link up the preexisting crack network in the coal seam or produce new crack, this type of technology is called the anti-reflection technology of low air permeability coal seam.According to domestic and international experimental study situation, the anti-reflection technical method in main coal seam of present stage has: hydraulic fracturing anti-reflection, the high-pressure water jet reaming is anti-reflection, hydraulic slotted liner technique is anti-reflection, deep hole control presplit blasting is anti-reflection etc.
At present; Coal-bed flooding has obtained effect to a certain degree in prevention coal and gas burst accident; But should technology still have certain blindness, and lack necessary theory support, waterpower causes not science of ceasma and gas pumping hole arrangement and drilling depth; Waterpower causes splits technology and gas pumping technology can not organically combine, and makes gas pumping and extinction effect not to guarantee.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the objective of the invention is to overcome the weak point in the prior art, provide a kind of method is simple, extraction is effective deep hole waterpower to cause and split the anti-reflection and extinction method of driveing the extraction of gas shallow bore hole.
Technical scheme: deep hole waterpower of the present invention causes splits the anti-reflection and extinction method of driveing the extraction of gas shallow bore hole, comprises the steps:
A. be located at the gas pumping pump in the tunnel that coal-face or driving face close on or ground, water injecting pump are located in the tunnel that coal-face or driving face close on;
B. in coal-face machine lane, air way or driving face, set position, hole or a plurality of drill site that waterpower causes ceasma and gas pumping hole; Or setting is the position, hole that plum blossom shape waterpower causes ceasma and gas pumping hole in driving face; Cause ceasma and gas pumping hole by position, hole or each drill site to the coal seam direction waterpower of alternately constructing one by one; Mash gas pumping drilling of every construction; Mash gas pumping drilling is connected with the gas pumping pipeline carries out gas pumping, one or 2~5 waterpower of every construction cause ceasma, waterpower is caused ceasma be connected with water injecting pipeline and carry out high pressure water injection;
C. after waterpower causes ceasma water filling 0.5~5h, stop water filling, take off this hole waterpower and cause and split union, change the gas pumping union it is carried out gas pumping; After waterpower causes gas pumping concentration in ceasma or the mash gas pumping drilling and is lower than 5%, take off this hole extraction union, change the water injection pipe joint it is carried out the static pressure water filling, the pressure of static pressure water filling is controlled at 1~10MPa;
D. when the coal-face back production to apart from static pressure water injection hole 5m place, or driving face is when tunneling once more, termination of pumping or close the static pressure water valve stops water filling.
Said waterpower of in coal-face machine lane, air way, alternately constructing to the coal seam direction one by one causes ceasma and the gas pumping hole is arranged in parallel; The pitch of holes that the said waterpower that is arranged in parallel construction causes ceasma is 4~80m, and the spacing in gas pumping hole is 2~40m; The spacing of described a plurality of drill sites is 20~100m, and each drill site is arranged 1~3 gang drill hole, and it is 1~8 that waterpower causes ceasma, and the gas pumping hole is 1~20, each drill site to the coal seam direction alternately the waterpower of construction cause ceasma and gas pumping hole and be fan-shaped and open; When described waterpower of in driving face, alternately constructing to the coal seam direction one by one caused ceasma and gas pumping hole, waterpower causes ceasma and 1~3 row is arranged in the gas pumping hole, and it is 1~8 that waterpower causes ceasma, and the gas pumping hole is 1~20, is fan-shaped and opens; The drilling depth that described waterpower causes ceasma is 3~80m than the drilling depth length in gas pumping hole.
Beneficial effect: owing to adopted technique scheme, projecting coal bed for coal and gas, at first adopt deep hole waterpower to cause and split, waterpower causes to split and can produce hydraulic fracture, and the structure in coal seam is transformed, and realizes anti-reflection; Simultaneously, water under high pressure can be driven a large amount of free gas from the crack of coal body, hole, and it is released through near the gas pumping hole that waterpower causes the ceasma; Improve the gas pumping rate; Both reduced the gas pressure in the coal seam, reduced outburst hazard, the peak value that gas is gushed out when greatly reducing the back production coal breakage again; Effectively avoid digging space gas exceeding limit, ensured the efficient back production of safe coal.Then waterpower is caused ceasma and further gas pumping is carried out in the gas pumping hole, make the slowly desorb of gas that is adsorbed in the coal body inner surface, spread, infiltrate, further improve the gas pumping rate.After gas pumping is intact, can utilize waterpower to cause to split that the static pressure water filling is carried out in the coal seam is moistening with the gas pumping hole according to requirement of engineering; Further softening coal body; Increase the plasticity and the cohesive strength of coal body, reduce the desorption rate of residual gas in the coal body, further reduce coal and gas outburst risk.Cause the mode that combines with the shallow bore hole gas pumping of splitting through deep hole waterpower; Realize anti-reflection, gas is driven, extraction and the moistening combination of water filling; Improved the gas pumping rate effectively and reduced outburst hazard, given prominence to a kind of new approach that provides for eliminating coal and gas.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that coal-face waterpower of the present invention causes parallel drill holes one sketch map with the gas pumping hole of ceasma.
Fig. 2 is that coal-face waterpower of the present invention causes ceasma and gas pumping hole drill field drill holes two sketch mapes.
Fig. 3 is that driving face waterpower of the present invention causes ceasma and sketch map is arranged in the gas pumping hole.
Fig. 4 takes out lane waterpower the end of the present invention to cause ceasma and gas pumping hole layout sketch map.
Among the figure: S-waterpower causes ceasma, K-gas pumping hole, and the 1-water injecting pump, 2-gas pumping pump, the 3-coal-face, 4-machine lane, the 5-air way, the 6-drill site, the 7-driving face is taken out the lane at the bottom of the 8-, the 9-coal seam.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing enforcement of the present invention is further described:
Embodiment one: as shown in Figure 1, the coal and the gas of certain mine stope are projecting coal bed, and its coal seam average thickness is 4m, and hardness is f=2, and coal-face 3 length are 206m.Gas pumping pump 2 is located at ground, and water injecting pump 1 is located in the air way 5 of coal-face 3; Layout waterpower as shown in Figure 1 causes the position, hole of ceasma S and gas pumping hole K in the machine lane of coal-face 4 and 5 pairs of lanes of air way, also can be only in machine lane 4 or 5 one tunnels of air way setting waterpower cause the position, hole of ceasma S and gas pumping hole K.Cause ceasma S and gas pumping hole K by the Kong Weixiang coal seam direction of the setting waterpower of alternately constructing one by one; The waterpower of alternately constructing to the coal seam direction one by one in coal-face machine lane 4, the air way 5 causes ceasma S and gas pumping hole K is arranged in parallel; The pitch of holes that the waterpower of construction of being arranged in parallel causes ceasma S is 4~80m, and the spacing of gas pumping hole K is 2~40m; Waterpower causes the drilling depth long 3~80m of the drilling depth of ceasma S than gas pumping hole K.For example waterpower causes the long 105m of being of ceasma S; Gas pumping hole K is long to be 95m; Every construction finishes a gas pumping hole K; Be about to gas pumping hole K and be connected with the gas pumping pipeline and carry out gas pumping, every construction finishes one or 2-5 waterpower and causes ceasma S, waterpower is caused ceasma S be connected with water injecting pipeline and carry out high pressure water injection; After waterpower causes the about 4h of ceasma S water filling, stop water filling, take off this hole waterpower and cause and split union, change the gas pumping union it is carried out gas pumping; After gas pumping concentration in waterpower causes ceasma S or mash gas pumping drilling K is lower than 5%, take off mash gas pumping drilling K hole extraction union, change the water injection pipe joint it is carried out the static pressure water filling, the pressure of static pressure water filling is controlled at 4MPa; When coal-face 3 back production to apart from static pressure water injection hole 5m place the time, termination of pumping or close the static pressure water valve stops water filling.
Embodiment two: as shown in Figure 2, the coal and the gas of certain mine stope are projecting coal bed, and its coal seam average thickness is 2m, and hardness is f=2, and certain face length is 140m.Gas pumping pump 2 is located at ground, and water injecting pump 1 is located in air way 5 tunnels of coal-face 3; In coal-face air way 5, as shown in Figure 2 a plurality of drill sites are set, the spacing of a plurality of drill sites is 20~100m; Each drill site is arranged 1~3 gang drill hole, and it is 1~8 that waterpower causes ceasma S, and gas pumping hole K is 1~20; Each drill site to the coal seam direction alternately the waterpower of construction cause ceasma S and be fan-shaped with gas pumping hole K and open, for example drill site be spaced apart 30m, in drill site 6, two arrange 3 fan-shaped waterpower and cause ceasma S and 4 gas pumping hole K to fan-shaped alternately construction of coal seam direction one by one; Waterpower causes the long 120m of being of ceasma S; Gas pumping hole K is long to be 95m, and every construction finish a gas pumping hole K, and soon gas pumping hole K is connected with the gas pumping pipeline and carries out gas pumping; The intact one or more waterpower of every construction cause ceasma S, waterpower is caused ceasma S be connected with water injecting pipeline and carry out high pressure water injection; Waterpower stops water filling after causing the about 2.5h of ceasma S water filling, takes off this hole waterpower and causes and split union, changes the gas pumping union it is carried out gas pumping; After waterpower causes gas pumping concentration in ceasma S or the mash gas pumping drilling K and is lower than 5%, take off this hole extraction union, change the water injection pipe joint it is carried out the static pressure water filling, the pressure of static pressure water filling is controlled at 3.5MPa; When coal-face 3 back production to apart from static pressure water injection hole 5m place the time, termination of pumping or close the static pressure water valve stops water filling.This embodiment is single lane construction drill site in air way 5 only, and construction waterpower causes ceasma S and gas pumping hole K in drill site then, the drill sites of also can constructing in simultaneously two lanes in air way 5 and the machine lane 4, and the waterpower of in drill site, constructing then causes ceasma S and gas pumping hole K.
Embodiment three: as shown in Figure 3, the coal and the gas in certain mine development end tunnel are projecting coal bed, and the coal seam average thickness is 3m, and hardness is f=2.5.With the gas pumping pump be located at ground, water injecting pump is located in the contiguous tunnel of driving face 7; In driving face 7, be the plum blossom shape and set the position, hole that waterpower causes ceasma S and gas pumping hole K; Cause ceasma S and gas pumping hole K by the Kong Weixiang coal seam direction of the setting waterpower of alternately constructing one by one; Power causes ceasma S and gas pumping hole K is furnished with 1~4 row, and wherein waterpower causes ceasma S has 1~8, and gas pumping hole K has 1~20; Boring direction is fan-shaped and opens, and waterpower causes the drilling depth long 3~80m of the drilling depth of ceasma S than gas pumping hole K.As shown in Figure 3; The fan-shaped waterpower of for example alternately constructing to the coal seam direction one by one causes ceasma S and gas pumping hole K, and branch upper, middle and lower three are arranged 3 waterpower of constructing altogether and caused ceasma S and 8 gas pumping hole K, and waterpower causes the long 60m of being of ceasma S; 8 gas pumping hole K length are 50m to the maximum; And reduce gradually with the increase length of opening angle is as shown in Figure 3, every construction finishes a mash gas pumping drilling K, is about to mash gas pumping drilling K and is connected with the gas pumping pipeline and carries out gas pumping; The intact one or more waterpower of every construction cause ceasma S, waterpower is caused ceasma S be connected with water injecting pipeline and carry out high pressure water injection; Waterpower stops water filling after causing the about 2h of ceasma S water filling, takes off this hole waterpower and causes and split union, changes the gas pumping union it is carried out gas pumping; After waterpower causes gas pumping concentration in ceasma S or the mash gas pumping drilling K and is lower than 5%, take off this hole extraction union, change the water injection pipe joint it is carried out the static pressure water filling, the pressure of static pressure water filling is controlled at 3MPa; When driving face 7 tunneled once more, termination of pumping or close the static pressure water valve stopped water filling.
Embodiment four: as shown in Figure 4, coal and the gas of taking out the lane at the bottom of certain mine development end are projecting coal bed, and the coal seam average thickness is 4m, and hardness is f=4.The gas pumping pump is located at ground, water injecting pump to be located at the end and to take out in the contiguous tunnel in lane 8; Take out the end of at and to be the plum blossom shape in the lane 8 and to set the position, hole that waterpower causes ceasma S and gas pumping hole K; Cause ceasma S and gas pumping hole K by the Kong Weixiang coal seam direction of the setting waterpower of alternately constructing one by one; Per 5~80m draining power of constructing causes ceasma S and gas pumping hole K, and every draining power causes ceasma S has 1~4, and gas pumping hole K has 1~6; Boring direction is fan-shaped and opens, and waterpower causes the drilling depth long 3~80m of the drilling depth of ceasma S than gas pumping hole K.As shown in Figure 4; The fan-shaped waterpower of for example alternately constructing to the coal seam direction one by one causes ceasma S and gas pumping hole K, whenever applies 3 waterpower of worker and causes ceasma S and 2 gas pumping hole K, and 3 waterpower cause ceasma S length and are 80m to the maximum; And increase gradually with the increase length of opening angle is as shown in Figure 4; 2 gas pumping hole K length are 75m, and every construction finishes a mash gas pumping drilling K, are about to mash gas pumping drilling K and are connected with the gas pumping pipeline and carry out gas pumping; The intact one or more waterpower of every construction cause ceasma S, waterpower is caused ceasma S be connected with water injecting pipeline and carry out high pressure water injection; Waterpower stops water filling after causing the about 2h of ceasma S water filling, takes off this hole waterpower and causes and split union, changes the gas pumping union it is carried out gas pumping; After waterpower causes gas pumping concentration in ceasma S or the mash gas pumping drilling K and is lower than 5%, take off this hole extraction union, change the water injection pipe joint it is carried out the static pressure water filling, the pressure of static pressure water filling is controlled at 3MPa; When driving face 7 tunneled once more, termination of pumping or close the static pressure water valve stopped water filling.
Claims (6)
1. a deep hole waterpower causes and splits the anti-reflection and extinction method of driveing the extraction of gas shallow bore hole, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A. be located at gas pumping pump (2) in the contiguous tunnel of coal-face (3) or driving face (7) or ground, water injecting pump (1) are located in the tunnel that coal-face (3) or driving face (7) be close to;
B. in coal-face machine lane (4), air way (5), set position, hole or a plurality of drill site that waterpower causes ceasma (S) and gas pumping hole (K); Or take out at driving face (7), the end to be provided with in the lane (8) and be the position, hole that a plurality of waterpower that the plum blossom shape arranges cause ceasma (S) and gas pumping hole (K); Cause ceasma (S) and gas pumping hole (K) by position, hole or each drill site to the coal seam direction waterpower of alternately constructing one by one; A mash gas pumping drilling of every construction (K); Mash gas pumping drilling (K) is connected with the gas pumping pipeline carries out gas pumping; One or 2~5 waterpower of every construction cause ceasma (S), waterpower is caused ceasma (S) be connected with water injecting pipeline and carry out high pressure water injection;
C. after waterpower causes ceasma (S) water filling 0.5~5h, stop water filling, take off this hole waterpower and cause and split union, change the gas pumping union it is carried out gas pumping; After waterpower causes gas pumping concentration in ceasma (S) or the mash gas pumping drilling (K) and is lower than 5%, take off this hole extraction union, change the water injection pipe joint it is carried out the static pressure water filling, the pressure of static pressure water filling is controlled at 1~10MPa;
D. when coal-face (3) back production to apart from static pressure water injection hole 5m place, or driving face (7) is when tunneling once more, termination of pumping or close the static pressure water valve stops water filling.
2. deep hole waterpower according to claim 1 causes splits the anti-reflection and extinction method of driveing the extraction of gas shallow bore hole, it is characterized in that: said waterpower of in coal-face machine lane (4), air way (5), alternately constructing to the coal seam direction one by one causes ceasma (S) and gas pumping hole (K) is arranged in parallel.
3. deep hole waterpower according to claim 2 causes splits the anti-reflection and extinction method of driveing the extraction of gas shallow bore hole, it is characterized in that: the pitch of holes that the said waterpower that is arranged in parallel construction causes ceasma (S) is 4~80m, and the spacing of gas pumping hole (K) is 2~40m.
4. deep hole waterpower according to claim 1 causes splits the anti-reflection and extinction method of driveing the extraction of gas shallow bore hole; It is characterized in that: the spacing of described a plurality of drill sites is 20~100m; Each drill site is arranged 1~3 gang drill hole; It is 1~8 that waterpower causes ceasma (S), and gas pumping hole (K) is 1~20, each drill site to the coal seam direction alternately the waterpower of construction cause ceasma (S) and gas pumping hole (K) and be fan-shaped and open.
5. deep hole waterpower according to claim 1 causes splits the anti-reflection and extinction method of driveing the extraction of gas shallow bore hole; It is characterized in that: described take out at driving face (7) or the end in the lane (8) one by one to the coal seam direction alternately the waterpower of construction cause ceasma (S) and arrange that with gas pumping hole (K) 1~4 arranges; It is 1~8 that waterpower causes ceasma (S); Gas pumping hole (K) is 1~20, is fan-shaped and opens.
6. cause according to claim 1,2,3,4 or 5 described deep hole waterpower and split the anti-reflection and extinction method of driveing the extraction of gas shallow bore hole, it is characterized in that: described waterpower causes the drilling depth long 3~80m of the drilling depth of ceasma (S) than gas pumping hole (K).
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