CN102386888A - Point frequency filtering method, device and system - Google Patents
Point frequency filtering method, device and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102386888A CN102386888A CN2011102949402A CN201110294940A CN102386888A CN 102386888 A CN102386888 A CN 102386888A CN 2011102949402 A CN2011102949402 A CN 2011102949402A CN 201110294940 A CN201110294940 A CN 201110294940A CN 102386888 A CN102386888 A CN 102386888A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a point frequency filtering method, device and system. The method comprises: setting a pre-set number frequency and a pre-set number bandwidth; identifying step signal frequency spectrum components contained in an accessed test signal; and extracting frequency signals from the step signal frequency spectrum components under the condition of the pre-set number frequency and the pre-set number bandwidth. According to the invention, the step signal can be used as a data source in frequency domain analysis to separate and identify the frequency spectrum characteristic of step response data; on the premise that the bandwidth is infinitely small, a 'monochromatic' signal at a certain frequency point can be obtained; and furthermore, the frequency characteristic of a controlled target can be directly obtained by extracting and comparing frequency signals from the step excitation input and step response output signal frequency spectrum components of the controlled target, thus avoiding multifarious Fourier transform numerical analysis calculation and identifying the frequency domain characteristic of the system or the controlled target rapidly and effectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the industry automatic control technical field, relate in particular to a kind of filtering method, device and system thereof frequently.
Background technology
In control loop, applying pumping signal, to obtain the response of corresponding process be most widely used a kind of experiment analytical method of Control Engineering and means.It is the step temporal analysis of excitation that classical experimental technique mainly contains with the step signal, with the frequency domain analysis method of sine or the excitation of cosine wave frequency signal etc.Time domain analysis is to describe mathematical function or physical signalling to time relation, and frequency-domain analysis then is to describe the characteristic of signal aspect frequency.For example, signal strength signal intensity rule over time belongs to time domain specification, signal be by the signal of which single-frequency synthetic then belong to frequency domain characteristic.When signal was carried out time domain analysis, the time domain parameter of some signals was identical sometimes, but can not explain that signal is just identical.Because signal not only changes in time, and is also information-related with frequency, phase place etc., this just needs the frequency structure of further analytic signal, and in frequency domain, signal is described.
The frequency characteristic of control loop or object is the fundamental basis of Control System Design and parameter adjustment.In industrial process, in frequency domain, signal analyzed or describes the restriction that has received various factors.At first, obtaining frequency characteristic is an extremely numerous and diverse thing, and technical process does not but allow to apply excessive sine wave exciting signal sometimes.Secondly, for slow time-varying process system, the time that test is experienced is longer, and the interfering energy that possibly receive is bigger.Thereby in the control practice, engineers and technicians often study the control system characteristic through the time domain transient process of object or system.Yet, be difficult to grasp the intrinsic propesties of object through this time domain analysis means, cause and analyze and research process has bigger blindness.At last, in the middle of the prior art, Dynamic Signal transforms to frequency domain from time-domain and realizes through fourier series and Fourier transform that mainly numerous and diverse Fourier transform is calculated the difficulty that has increased experiment.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of filtering method, device and system thereof frequently, can realize from the step signal composition, extracting frequency signal, as the data source of frequency-domain analysis.
The invention provides a kind of filtering method frequently, comprising:
Present count frequency and present count bandwidth are set;
The step signal spectrum component that is comprised in the test signal that identification inserts;
Under the condition of said present count frequency and said present count bandwidth, from said step signal spectrum component, extract frequency signal.
Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a kind of filter frequently, comprising:
Parameter set unit is used to be provided with present count frequency and present count bandwidth;
The signal recognition unit that links to each other with said parameter set unit is used for discerning the step signal spectrum component that test signal comprised of access;
With the signal extraction unit that said signal recognition unit links to each other, be used under the condition of said present count frequency and said present count bandwidth, extracting frequency signal from said step signal spectrum component.
Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a kind of filtering system frequently, comprising:
Foregoing filter frequently;
The controlling object that links to each other with said filter input frequently.
Further, a kind of filtering system frequently provided by the invention:
The input of said controlling object links to each other with an input of frequency filter; Said filter frequently is used for discerning the step signal spectrum component that the exciting test signal of access is comprised, and under the condition of said present count frequency and said present count bandwidth, from this step signal spectrum component, extracts the first frequency signal;
The output of said controlling object links to each other with an input of frequency filter; Said filter frequently is used for discerning the phase step response signals spectrum component that the response test signal of access is comprised, and under the condition of said present count frequency and said present count bandwidth, from this phase step response signals spectrum component, extracts the second frequency signal;
The point output of filter frequently links to each other with the frequency-response analysis unit; Amplitude that said frequency-response analysis unit is used for more said first frequency signal and said second frequency signal and/phase place obtain the frequency characteristic between exciting test signal and the response test signal.
Embodiment of the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention has proposed step signal in a creative way and not only can be used for the time domain analysis method, and can serve as the data source in the frequency-domain analysis.Needs according to engineering detecting are provided with the present count frequency, and according to the convenience of extracting frequency signal the present count bandwidth are set, and just can the spectral characteristic distribution of step response data be separated and identify.For this reason, we can adopt band pass filter to realize the frequency band signal of needs is extracted from step response, and other frequency signal all will be by filtering.Under the desirable situation,, so just can obtain " monochrome " signal on certain Frequency point if band pass filter corresponding bandwidth infinitesimal must be talked about.Further; Extract input, the output signal and comparing of controlling object; Just can directly obtain the frequency characteristic of this controlling object, calculate, can fast and effeciently tell the frequency domain characteristic of system or controlling object thereby avoided numerous and diverse Fourier transform numerical analysis.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of filtering method frequently of putting of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of embodiment flow chart of filtering method frequently of putting of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is one of a kind of embodiment effect of putting the frequency filtering system of a present invention sketch map;
Fig. 4 is a kind of two sketch mapes of the embodiment effect of filtering system frequently of putting of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a kind of three sketch mapes of the embodiment effect of filtering system frequently of putting of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a kind of sketch map of filter frequently of putting of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a kind of embodiment sketch map of filter frequently of putting of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is a kind of embodiment sketch map of filtering system frequently of putting of the present invention.
Embodiment
For making the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, will combine accompanying drawing that the present invention is done to describe in detail further below.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of filtering method frequently of putting of the present invention, comprising:
S101: present count frequency and present count bandwidth are set;
S102: the step signal spectrum component that is comprised in the test signal that identification inserts;
S103: under the condition of said present count frequency and said present count bandwidth, from said step signal spectrum component, extract frequency signal.
Step signal is one of pumping signal that adopts often in the Control Engineering field, can judge the various qualitative characteristics of control loop through step response, also can pick out the approximation parameters model of object through step response.But in the middle of the prior art; Step response analysis often is confined in the time domain analysis artificially; Only be used to accomplish the analysis on the control loop presentation, abandoned its profound frequency-response analysis, or effective means and ignored its application aspect frequency-domain analysis for want of.
In essence, the frequency characteristic of system or controlling object is being contained in the behind of step response.Because step signal is to be that 90 ° sine wave signal is formed by stacking numerous cline frequency, initial phase, and these signals are bigger in the amplitude of low-frequency range (most of industrial processs are all in low-frequency range).Hence one can see that, because step signal has comprised the continuous frequency spectrum composition, possessed the signal characteristic of frequency response experiment in essence.Thereby the step response of system or object is actually by countless continuous frequency spectrum sine wave signals and encourages generation jointly.If see object or system as linear system, the step response result also contains the effect that encourages under the various frequencies so.Particularly, for the industry of exchanging work when the slow process, because low-frequency component has bigger amplitude, General System or object also will fully be encouraged.Based on above-mentioned the principles of science, the present invention has proposed the step excitation signal in a creative way and has been actually a kind of ideal frequency response signal source, and it can serve as the data source in the frequency-domain analysis.The present invention is provided with the frequency of present count scope according to the needs of engineering detecting, and enough little present count bandwidth is set, and enough little bandwidth helps in the longer time, extracting required frequency signal.Preferably, can discern the step signal composition that is comprised in the test signal that inserts, disturb thereby get rid of through band pass filter.Under the condition of said present count frequency and said present count bandwidth, from said step signal composition, extract frequency signal; Under the desirable situation; If band pass filter corresponding bandwidth infinitesimal must be talked about, so just can obtain " monochrome " signal on certain Frequency point.
As previously mentioned, the step excitation signal is desirable frequency response signal source in essence.It is that spectral characteristic with step response data distributes and separates and identify that step response can become key issue that the initial data of frequency-domain analysis need solve.Typical band pass filter is made up of the Passive LC R circuit that inductance L, capacitor C, resistance R constitute, and can use following transfer function statement relation between the two:
(1)
Wherein, Passive LC R band pass filter centre frequency is:
(2)
Passive LC R band pass filter bandwidth; Be signal through behind the filter; The signal amplitude of band pass filter output corresponding band width when decaying to 0.707 times of centre frequency, the expression with
.
The definition of the quality factor of Passive LC R response of Bandpass Filters as shown in the formula:
When figure of merit value is far longer than 1, following approximation relation formula is arranged:
By (3) and (4) Shi Kede:
Can be known that by (5) formula when R was infinitely small, it is infinitely small that Passive LC R filter bandwidht will become, corresponding quality factor are infinitely great.For further setting forth the characteristic of this form filter, investigate the gain of filter at present.The gain that can get filter through (1) formula is:
(6)
When signal frequency
equals Passive LC R band pass filter centre frequency
; I.e.
, then:
(7)
When signal frequency
is not equal to Passive LC R band pass filter centre frequency
; I.e.
: and R is tending towards infinitely small, then:
According to formula (7) and (8); Obtained the infinitesimal Passive LC R band pass filter of bandwidth; Signal is through behind this filter; Have only the signal that frequency is
could pass through filter, and amplitude is unattenuated; Other frequency signal amplitude all decays to 0.Because this filter only can be through the signal of the frequency that equates with the filter center frequency, so we claim that this filter is " some frequency filter ".After this filter had been arranged, we just can extract various frequency content characteristics in step signal or the step response.
In fact, the R value in the some frequency filter that can use can not be tending towards infinitely small, and the actual bandwidth that can't make up is infinitesimal filter.Can only provide a Passive LC R band pass filter that bandwidth is enough little in the practical application; Like this; The output frequency signal amplitude can decay in time gradually, being proportionate property between amplitude time attenuation rate and the Passive LC R band pass filter bandwidth, and bandwidth is more little, amplitude time attenuation rate is also more little.When amplitude attenuation rate in time is little of to a certain degree, just enough satisfied the demand of actual frequency signal extraction.
In sum, the present invention can be used to obtain the data source of frequency-domain analysis, and preferably, this data source is the sine wave signal or the sine-wave response signal of present count frequency.
Fig. 2 is a kind of embodiment flow chart of filtering method frequently of putting of the present invention, and compared to Figure 1, Fig. 2 further specifies, and the present invention also can be used for the frequency-domain analysis of controlling object or system, and method is simple, has avoided loaded down with trivial details Fourier transform to calculate.
S201: present count frequency and present count bandwidth are set.
The step signal spectrum component that is comprised in the test signal that identification inserts, said test signal comprises step excitation signal and phase step response signals.
S202: the spectrum component that is comprised in the step excitation signal that identification inserts.
S203: under the condition of said present count frequency and said present count bandwidth, from step excitation signal spectrum composition, extract the first frequency signal.
S204: the spectrum component that is comprised in the phase step response signals that identification inserts.
S205: under the condition of said present count frequency and said present count bandwidth, from the spectrum component of phase step response signals, extract the second frequency signal.
S206: the amplitude of more said first frequency signal and said second frequency signal and/phase place obtain the frequency characteristic between said step excitation signal and the said phase step response signals.
Step S201 is corresponding with step S101, as previously mentioned, according to the needs of practical engineering application the present count frequency is set.And for bandwidth, desirable some filter bandwidth frequently is infinitely small, but in the middle of the practical application, can not reach infinitesimal bandwidth, so, enough little present count bandwidth is set, help the extraction of frequency signal.But; Present embodiment for Fig. 2; The point of enough little present count bandwidth filter frequently can reach and the infinitesimal effect of filter identical functions frequently, for the actual together unanimity of the frequency characteristic of analyzing step signal excitation lower linear controlling object or system.
Reason is following: the transfer function of supposing object to be analyzed is
; The actual point transfer function of filter frequently is
; The object input signal is
; Object output signal is
, then:
(9)
Input and output signal after the process actual point frequency filter is respectively like following two formulas:
Filtered signal carries out respectively after phase place, the amplitude comparison; Promptly the difference of the ratio of two filtering signal amplitudes and phase place has been combined into the frequency domain characteristic of an object
, promptly
Can know by formula (12), consistent through the frequency characteristic of amplitude and phase bit comparison with the frequency characteristic of real process object, directly do not get in touch with the bandwidth of filter.
Fig. 3 is one of a kind of embodiment effect of putting the frequency filtering system of a present invention sketch map; Be illustrated in figure 3 as step signal through actual some frequency filter initial magnitude and frequency relation figure; Visible by Fig. 3; Frequently the initial magnitude of filter of the present invention meets its theoretical characteristics, and wherein the bandwidth of actual point frequency filter is set to 10
-6Rad/s.
Fig. 4 is a kind of two sketch mapes of the embodiment effect of filtering system frequently of putting of the present invention; The amplitude that is illustrated in figure 4 as frequency and is the 0.0005rad/s signal is attenuation relation in time; The time that output amplitude decays to 0.707 times of initial magnitude approximately needs 1950 hours; Enough satisfy the demand of actual magnitude and phase extraction, wherein the bandwidth of actual point frequency filter is set to 10
-6Rad/s.
In order to show that further the present invention also can be used for the frequency-domain analysis of controlling object or system, enumerate a concrete simulation example below in conjunction with Fig. 5, specify the present invention.In the experiment point of our reality frequently the bandwidth of filter be set to 10
-6Rad/s, the controlling object of emulation is one and waits the appearance second-order system that its time constant is 50s.
Fig. 5 is a kind of three sketch mapes of the embodiment effect of filtering system frequently of putting of the present invention; Being illustrated in figure 5 as emulation is that second-order inertia object input input amplitude is 100 step excitation signal a transfer function; Input and output in controlling object; Inserting predeterminated frequency respectively is 0.02rad/s, and bandwidth is 10
-6The Passive LC R band pass filter of rad/s.The spectrum component that is comprised in the step excitation signal that the Passive LC R band pass filter identification of input inserts is in 0.02rad/s frequency and 10
-6From the spectrum component of step excitation signal, extract the first frequency signal under the condition of rad/s bandwidth.Said step excitation signal obtains phase step response signals through after the controlling object.The spectrum component that is comprised in the phase step response signals that the Passive LC R band pass filter identification that links to each other with the output of controlling object inserts is in 0.02rad/s frequency and 10
-6From the spectrum component of step excitation signal, extract the second frequency signal under the condition of rad/s bandwidth.The amplitude of more said first frequency signal and said second frequency signal and/phase place obtain the comparison diagram of 0.02rad/s frequency signal of 0.02rad/s frequency signal and the output of input.
By visible among Fig. 5; Compare with the input frequency signal; The relative amplitude of output frequency signal has descended 0.5 times; Phase lag 90 degree, this result meets the frequency characteristic of target transfer function
in frequency 0.02rad/s place correspondence fully.Simulation result has proved the correctness and the validity of the inventive method.In addition, the present invention has avoided numerous and diverse Fourier transform numerical analysis and has calculated, and can fast and effeciently tell the frequency domain characteristic of system or object.
Fig. 6 is a kind of sketch map of filter frequently of putting of the present invention, comprising:
Parameter set unit is used to be provided with present count frequency and present count bandwidth;
The signal recognition unit that links to each other with said parameter set unit is used for discerning the step signal spectrum component that test signal comprised of access;
With the signal extraction unit that said signal recognition unit links to each other, be used for that the spectrum component from said step signal extracts frequency signal under the condition of said present count frequency and said present count bandwidth.
Need to prove that Fig. 6 is corresponding with Fig. 1, identical among Fig. 6 in the operational mode of each unit and the method.
Fig. 7 is a kind of embodiment sketch map of filter frequently of putting of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 7, said signal recognition unit comprises: first access interface and/or second access interface,
Said first access interface is used to insert the step excitation signal;
Said second access interface is used to insert phase step response signals.
As shown in Figure 7, said signal extraction unit comprises: with corresponding first output port of first access interface and/or with corresponding second output port of second access interface,
Said first output port is used for exporting under the condition of said present count frequency and said present count bandwidth the first frequency signal that extracts from the step excitation signal spectrum composition of first access interface;
Said second output port is used for exporting under the condition of said present count frequency and said present count bandwidth the second frequency signal that extracts from the phase step response signals spectrum component of second access interface.
Fig. 8 is a kind of embodiment sketch map of filtering system frequently of putting of the present invention, comprising:
Foregoing filter frequently;
The controlling object that links to each other with said filter input frequently.
Further, provided by the invention a kind of filtering system frequently as shown in Figure 8:
The input of said controlling object links to each other with an input of frequency filter; Said filter frequently is used for discerning the step signal spectrum component that the exciting test signal of access is comprised, and under the condition of said present count frequency and said present count bandwidth, from this step signal spectrum component, extracts the first frequency signal;
The output of said controlling object links to each other with an input of frequency filter; Said filter frequently is used for discerning the phase step response signals spectrum component that the response test signal of access is comprised, and under the condition of said present count frequency and said present count bandwidth, from this phase step response signals spectrum component, extracts the second frequency signal;
The point output of filter frequently links to each other with the frequency-response analysis unit; Amplitude that said frequency-response analysis unit is used for more said first frequency signal and said second frequency signal and/phase place obtain the frequency characteristic between exciting test signal and the response test signal.
Comprise like the described frequency-response analysis of Fig. 8 unit: amplitude comparing unit and/or phase comparison unit,
Said amplitude comparing unit is used for the amplitude of comparison first frequency signal and second frequency signal;
Said phase comparison unit is used for the phase place of comparison first frequency signal and second frequency signal.
Need to prove; The described filter frequently of Fig. 8 can adopt Passive LC R band pass filter to realize; Concrete; Adopt two Passive LC R band pass filters to be connected with output with the input of controlling object respectively; Discern the step excitation signal extraction first frequency signal of said input, the phase step response signals of discerning said output extracts the second frequency signal, and last output access magnitude comparator and/or phase comparator that again will said two Passive LC R band pass filters carry out the analysis of frequency domain characteristic.Similarly, also can adopt more than two as four Passive LC R band pass filters, carry out the analysis of two frequency characteristics simultaneously, as previously mentioned, all similar conversion based on inventive concept all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Through the description of above execution mode, those skilled in the art can be well understood to the present invention and can realize by the mode that software adds essential hardware platform, can certainly all implement through hardware.Based on such understanding; All or part of can the coming out that technical scheme of the present invention contributes to background technology with the embodied of software product; This computer software product can be stored in the storage medium, like ROM/RAM, magnetic disc, CD etc., comprises that some instructions are with so that a computer equipment (can be a personal computer; Server, the perhaps network equipment etc.) carry out the described method of some part of each embodiment of the present invention or embodiment.
Above-described embodiment of the present invention does not constitute the qualification to protection range of the present invention.Any modification of within spirit of the present invention and principle, being done, be equal to replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within the claim protection range of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a some frequency filtering method is characterized in that, comprising:
Present count frequency and present count bandwidth are set;
The step signal spectrum component that is comprised in the test signal that identification inserts;
Under the condition of said present count frequency and said present count bandwidth, from said step signal spectrum component, extract frequency signal.
2. filtering method frequently according to claim 1 is characterized in that said test signal comprises step excitation signal and phase step response signals.
3. filtering method frequently according to claim 2 is characterized in that, under the condition of said present count frequency and said present count bandwidth, from said step signal spectrum component, extracts the step of frequency signal, comprising:
Under the condition of said present count frequency and said present count bandwidth, from step excitation signal spectrum composition, extract the first frequency signal;
Under the condition of said present count frequency and said present count bandwidth, from the phase step response signals spectrum component, extract the second frequency signal.
4. filtering method frequently according to claim 3 is characterized in that, under the condition of said present count frequency and said present count bandwidth, from said step signal spectrum component, extracts after the step of frequency signal, also comprises:
The amplitude of more said first frequency signal and said second frequency signal and/phase place obtain the frequency characteristic between said step excitation signal and the said phase step response signals.
5. a some frequency filter is characterized in that, comprising:
Parameter set unit is used to be provided with present count frequency and present count bandwidth;
The signal recognition unit that links to each other with said parameter set unit is used for discerning the step signal spectrum component that test signal comprised of access;
With the signal extraction unit that said signal recognition unit links to each other, be used under the condition of said present count frequency and said present count bandwidth, extracting frequency signal from said step signal spectrum component.
6. filter frequently according to claim 5 is characterized in that said signal recognition unit comprises: first access interface and/or second access interface;
Said first access interface is used to insert the step excitation signal;
Said second access interface is used to insert phase step response signals.
7. filter frequently according to claim 6 is characterized in that said signal extraction unit comprises: with corresponding first output port of first access interface and/or with corresponding second output port of second access interface;
Said first output port is used for exporting under the condition of said present count frequency and said present count bandwidth the first frequency signal that extracts from the step excitation signal spectrum composition of first access interface;
Said second output port is used for exporting under the condition of said present count frequency and said present count bandwidth the second frequency signal that extracts from the phase step response signals spectrum component of second access interface.
8. a some frequency filtering system is characterized in that, comprising:
Like each described filter frequently of claim 5 to 7;
The controlling object that links to each other with said filter input frequently.
9. filtering system frequently according to claim 8 is characterized in that:
The input of said controlling object links to each other with an input of frequency filter; Said filter frequently is used for discerning the step signal spectrum component that the exciting test signal of access is comprised, and under the condition of said present count frequency and said present count bandwidth, from this step signal spectrum component, extracts the first frequency signal;
The output of said controlling object links to each other with an input of frequency filter; Said filter frequently is used for discerning the phase step response signals spectrum component that the response test signal of access is comprised, and under the condition of said present count frequency and said present count bandwidth, from this phase step response signals spectrum component, extracts the second frequency signal;
The point output of filter frequently links to each other with the frequency-response analysis unit; Amplitude that said frequency-response analysis unit is used for more said first frequency signal and said second frequency signal and/phase place obtain the frequency characteristic between exciting test signal and the response test signal.
10. filtering system frequently according to claim 9 is characterized in that said frequency-response analysis unit comprises: amplitude comparing unit and/or phase comparison unit,
Said amplitude comparing unit is used for the amplitude of comparison first frequency signal and second frequency signal;
Said phase comparison unit is used for the phase place of comparison first frequency signal and second frequency signal.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104330622A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-02-04 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Sine wave parameter measuring method and system in electric power system |
| CN104330622B (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2017-06-09 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | The frequency measurement method and system of sine wave signal in power system |
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