CN102375438A - Controller area network (CAN) bus-based counting system - Google Patents
Controller area network (CAN) bus-based counting system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a controller area network (CAN) bus-based counting system, and belongs to the technical field of industrial automation. The invention mainly solves the technical problem that the conventional counting system is high in cost, complicated in structure, serious in hardware resource waste and inflexible in system configuration. The CAN bus-based counting system is characterized by comprising a laboratory computer, a DCS computer, an information terminal and a CAN bus, wherein the laboratory computer is connected with the CAN bus through a CAN adaptor; the DCS computer is connected with the CAN bus through a CAN adaptor; the information terminal is connected with the CAN bus through a CAN transceiver; the laboratory computer is connected with an analyser microcomputer through a multi-serial-port card; and the laboratory computer is connected with a local area network HUB through a network card. The CAN bus-based counting system has the advantages of high data transmission speed, high timeliness, high automation degree, time and labor saving, accurate and reliable counting and high university, and can be widely applied to mineral separation, coal dressing, machinery and metallurgy industries.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the industrial automation technical field, relate to a kind of count off system, relate in particular to the count off system of a kind of production data acquisition, processing, storage, transmission and issue, realization production data information flow process automation based on the CAN bus.
Background technology
At smelters such as mineral processing enterprises such as ore dressing and coal separation, machinery enterprise, coloured and iron and steel; Many links have also broken away from not manually-operated; And the foundation of operation is quantity information, quality information or chemical constitution information in the production run; But because the characteristics of material and the restriction of detection technique; The index of some material be difficult to realize on-line automatic measurement, so must be through after the instrumental analysis of artificial timing sampling, chemical examination or off-line the result being fed back to the execute-in-place person (or being called the post driver) of relevant device.The post driver has very strong ageing for the demand of number quality informations or chemical constitution information; Before converter; In the middle of requiring the smelting molten steel composition from sample see off to the periodic Control that obtains the analyzing and testing result data in 3min, also there is corresponding cycle request blast furnace, sintering machine stokehold to the real-time grasp of product composition.In ore dressing or coal separation enterprise,, except the separation index of this equipment of needs, sometimes also need the separation index of adjacent link simultaneously to operation of equipment.As everyone knows, accurately, fast, in time transmitting of assay data is the key link that guarantees product quality.The result data that analyzing and testing is obtained from the analysis room or the laboratory send to the process of post, production scene driver or other department, be called the count off system.
There are two types of artificial count off system and automatic number-sounding systems in the count off system; Traditional count off is through making a phone call or the artificial transmission of report; The count off of making a phone call is made mistakes easily; While data possibly offered different posies and cause labour intensity big, and the artificial count off speed that transmits of report is very slow, has satisfied not the promptness requirement at all.
The automatic number-sounding system is the form of expression and the developing direction of production data information flow process automation.There are following several kinds of modes in the automatic number-sounding system in proper order according to the time order and function that occurs:
(1) manual dial-up data output → polycore cable transmission → on-the-spot bulb or LED diode displaying;
(2) Hand writing report data → camera imaging → show with core cable image signal transmission → live tv CRT;
(3) analytical instrument serial ports automaticdata output → two-wire cable transmission → on-the-spot serial printer is printed;
(4) output → serial ports of computers automatic data acquisition of analytical instrument serial ports automaticdata or manual keyboard input → special line or wireless modem transmission → on-site computer reception → graphoscope show;
(5) output of analytical instrument networking data or manual keyboard input computing machine → computer network transmission → webserver data storehouse reception → field network workstation show.
Wherein eliminate above (1), (2) and (3); (4) and (5) all show with computer field; Investment is big and cause the waste of computer hardware resource, simultaneous system (4) for multi-point data acquisition and multiple spot data presentation difficulty greatly, poor expandability, and mode (5) is though powerful; But need lay computer network in the workshop, high requirement all arranged for the performance of investment, network and the technician at scene.
The automatic number-sounding system has following several kinds according to communication mode:
(1) 20mA electric current loop transmission.Though the anti-interference particularly anti-high-frequency electromagnetic disturbing pulse ability of this mode is strong, only be suitable for a little-transmission, and system complex, trouble spot many, be difficult to realize distributed data acquisition and issue.
(2) RS-485 bus transfer.The RS-485 interface is the combination of adopting balance driver and differential receiver, has good noise immunity, and advantages such as long transmission range and multistation ability are the early stage first-selected communication modes of industry measurement and control system.But the RS-485 bus adopts MS master-slave formula working method, causes data acquisition in the count off system dumbly, and the interface of a website damages in the RS-485 bus, will cause the whole communication system paralysis, searches also difficulty very of trouble spot.
(3) computer network transmission.No matter adopt wired or wireless computer network count off; Can increase investment and maintenance workload greatly; And for mineral processing enterprise, machinery enterprise and smelter; The industrial environment very severe: high temperature or humidity, flue dust, vibration, noise and electromagnetic interference (EMI) etc., computer network are not suitable for industrial environment and particularly use in the workshop.
This shows; Existing automatic number-sounding system exists that communication mode is suitable, system cost is high, complex structure, the hardware resource waste is big, cost performance is low, installation and maintenance are difficult, system configuration is dumb; Be difficult in medium and small sized enterprises even large enterprise promotes the use of, cause these enterprises to have to service efficiency is low, rate of false alarm is high, labour intensity is big and the dependence of promptness difference is taken on the telephone artificial count off mode.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem that exists in the existing count off technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide that a kind of transmission speed is fast, automaticity is high, time saving and energy saving, count off accurately and reliably, highly versatile, flexible configuration is convenient and the cheap count off system based on the CAN bus.
In order to reach the foregoing invention purpose; The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of count off system based on the CAN bus; It is characterized in that: comprise laboratory computing machine, DCS computing machine, information terminal and CAN bus, described laboratory computing machine links to each other with the CAN bus through the CAN adapter, and described DCS computing machine links to each other with the CAN bus through the CAN adapter; Described information terminal links to each other with the CAN bus through the CAN transceiver; In the computing machine of described laboratory multi-serial-port card is installed, the serial ports of analyser microcomputer is connected with multi-serial-port card, in the computing machine of described laboratory network interface card is installed; Network interface card links to each other with LAN HUB through netting twine, and described laboratory computing machine and DCS computing machine also dispose keyboard, mouse, display and printer.
Described laboratory computing machine is used to gather production data, and the source and the acquisition method of production data are following:
(1) artificial input
In the ore dressing plant or a large amount of production datas of coal preparation plant derive from artificial chemical examination, it directly reflects post driver's operating effect, the post driver often adjusts their operation to screening installation according to these analysis datas.Need the sample size of timing sampling and chemical examination to reach tens in process of production, mainly contain ash content, moisture, concentration and thermal value etc., this scale and sorting process with ore dressing plant or coal preparation plant is relevant.These samples by artificial assay after, analysis data is directly inputted to described laboratory computing machine by the lab technician through keyboard.
At smelters such as ironmaking or steel-making, some samples can't and can only be used artificial chemical examination with the analyser detection, and perhaps analyser does not have serial ports output data function, and these data also can only be directly inputted to described laboratory computing machine through keyboard by the lab technician.
(2) serial ports of analyser output
The analyser that uses at smelter nearly all has the serial ports of analysis result to export; Described laboratory computing machine is through multi-serial-port card expansion multichannel RS-232 serial ports; The microcomputer serial ports that connects different analysers more respectively, and read the testing result data of analyser according to the communication protocol of analyser.
(3) DCS computing machine
DCS; Be dcs or Distributed Control System (DCS) (Distributed Control System); On the supervisory control comuter of DCS, preserve a large amount of production data of enterprise; These data all are need be converted by A/D from temperature, position in storehouse, weight and the ash technological process analog quantity of grading because of process monitoring and control by DCS, and described DCS computing machine passes through the CAN adapter and is connected communication protocol by appointment with the CAN bus; The issue production data is realized and the compunication of described laboratory.
Described CAN adapter is RS-232/CAN converter or the USB/CAN converter of light isolation or the pci bus CAN adapter that light is isolated that light is isolated.
Described multi-serial-port card is the pci bus RS-232 serial port board of 4 mouthfuls or 8 mouthfuls, can in the computing machine of laboratory, insert the polylith serial port board according to the quantity of analyser.
Described information terminal is the information terminal based on the CAN bus, comprises microprocessor, CAN bus controller, CAN bus transceiver, storer, button, LCD LCDs and touch-screen, and information terminal links to each other with the CAN bus through the CAN bus transceiver.
Described CAN bus is compared with general communication bus, and its data communication has outstanding reliability, real-time and dirigibility, and principal feature is for adopting the work of many master modes; Non-destructive bus arbitration technology; The direct communication furthest can reach 10km; Can realize point-to-point, a bit multiple modes such as multiple spot or overall situation broadcasting are transmitted the reception data; Every frame information of CAN all has hardware CRC check and other error detection measure, has fabulous error detection effect, and CAN is the most reliable in all buses; The fault of a CAN node can not influence on the bus other node; The real-time communication of CAN bus is strong, and its message transmission rate can be up to 1Mbps, and each node uses identical bit rate; The communication media of CAN bus can be twisted-pair feeder, concentric cable or light transmitting fiber, and the plug connector through standard can connect easily; The CAN bus has high cost performance, and is simple in structure, is easy to exploitation.
CAN is a serial communication protocol, can support to have the very DISTRIBUTED REAL-TIME control of high safety grade effectively.The CAN agreement is followed the ISO/OSI model, adopts wherein Physical layer, data link layer and application layer.In the CAN bus, Physical layer and data link layer realize that by hardware Error Control and flow control are also all accomplished by hardware automatically basically.Therefore; Design about application layer protocol is extremely important; Wherein main is the distribution of confirming the CAN information identifier, and it has determined the right of priority and the stand-by period of information that information is relevant, has also influenced the efficient of information filter applicability, communication structure applicability and identifier use simultaneously.
The data that the present invention is based in the count off system of CAN bus are divided into analog data and switching value data, the index that analog data reflection production run constantly changes, and the state of switching value data reflection equipment.For simplified design with reduce the traffic, the production data of full factory is unified numbering, in communication process, only transmit the numbering of data and do not transmit the data variable title.The numbering principle of production data is, scope is 0～255 (byte), 0 expression ED wherein, and 1～No. 200 is analog data, 201～No. 255 is switching value data.Concrete method of combination can be divided or the Data Source division according to the workshop.
The present invention adopts the normal data isl frame form of 11 information identifiers of CAN2.0 agreement, being assigned as of identifier:
ID.28～ID.22: destination address if be 0 then for broadcast address entirely, but can not be 1 entirely.Design about function code, additional function sign indicating number, data length sign indicating number and data field is following:
The analog data that the present invention is based in the count off system of CAN bus comprises analysis data and A/D translation data; The key distinction of these two kinds of data is; Analysis data is that the sample of off-line is chemically examined the result who obtains automatically through manual work chemical examination or analytical instrument, and is corresponding with the specific time; And the A/D translation data is to change process variable the current signal of simulation into by detecting sensor online in real time ground, converts digital quantity into by microprocessor again, and its numerical value is real-time variation.So; In distributing data, should send data time corresponding (specifically seeing the data field form of going up in the table) simultaneously; The benefit of doing like this is that also source node is when repeating to send the identical data isl frame, and destination node can judge whether to be new data according to the time in the data field.For simplified design with improve transfer efficiency, only send during transmitting time minute and do not consider hour, can reach purpose of design like this and can not cause confusion.
The present invention can also send Word messages such as notice, safety instruction or caveat.When sending Word message, need the multiframe transmission, therefore with first byte in the 8 byte data territories as frame count, since 0, by adding a counting, the position of reflection present frame in total information is if be OFFH then represent that present frame is an end frame.
Described laboratory computing machine also comprises the count off system management software; Be responsible for data collection, store, report and submit, inquire about, analyze and the supervision of statistics, report printing, node and management etc., specifically comprise system monitoring module, communicate configuration module, data query module, report print module, node administration module, user management module and help module.
The advantage that the present invention is based on the count off system of CAN bus is:
(1) multiple spot sends data, and multiple spot receives simultaneously.Arbitrary node on the CAN bus can be used as main website and sends data at any time; And the arbitrary node on the bus can receive data on demand; Satisfying in the actual production, source data be distributed in a plurality of positions and need to issue, characteristics that simultaneously different posies show different pieces of informations.
(2) with the data variable of full factory, comprise analog data and switching value data, unify numbering, transmission data number rather than data variable title have significantly reduced transmission quantity when transmission, have improved the transmission time.
(3) data and its time corresponding are placed on same frame transmission, are easy to distinguish repeating frame and make things convenient for data query.
(4) one frames transmit an analog data or a plurality of switching value data, do not have the fractionation or the refitting problem of information, have simplified design, and adopt short frame transmission, and transfer efficiency is high.
(5) collect, preserve all production datas automatically, make things convenient for the query history record, be convenient to the analysis and the statistics of production data, and printing reports on demand.
(6) except the transmission production data, can also make an announcement, Word messages such as safety instruction or caveat, make that the displaying contents of each post information terminal and effect are abundant, improved post driver's mood, thus raising post driver's work efficiency.
(7) system have also that the production data transmission speed is fast, promptness good, automaticity is high, time saving and energy saving, count off accurately and reliably with advantages such as highly versatile, can be adaptable across ore dressing, coal separation, machinery and metallurgy industry.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram that the present invention is based on the count off system of CAN bus;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the present invention is based on first embodiment of count off system of CAN bus;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that the present invention is based on second embodiment of count off system of CAN bus;
Among the figure, 5 is the CAN adapter.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is done further to specify.
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram that the present invention is based on the count off system of CAN bus.A kind of count off system based on the CAN bus; It is characterized in that: comprise laboratory computing machine, DCS computing machine, information terminal and CAN bus; Described laboratory computing machine links to each other with the CAN bus through CAN adapter 5; Described DCS computing machine links to each other with the CAN bus through CAN adapter 5, and described information terminal links to each other with the CAN bus through the CAN transceiver, in the computing machine of described laboratory multi-serial-port card is installed; The serial ports of analyser microcomputer is connected with multi-serial-port card; In the computing machine of described laboratory network interface card is installed, network interface card links to each other with LAN HUB through netting twine, and described laboratory computing machine and DCS computing machine also dispose keyboard, mouse, display and printer.
Described laboratory computing machine is used to gather production data, and the source of production data comprises the serial ports output of artificial input, analyser and the communications of DCS computing machine.
RS-232/CAN converter or the USB/CAN converter of light isolation or the pci bus CAN adapter that light is isolated that described CAN adapter 5 is isolated for light.
Described multi-serial-port card is the pci bus RS-232 serial port board of 4 mouthfuls or 8 mouthfuls, can in the computing machine of laboratory, insert the polylith serial port board according to the quantity of analyser.
Described information terminal is the information terminal based on the CAN bus, comprises microprocessor, CAN bus controller, CAN bus transceiver, storer, button, LCD LCDs and touch-screen, and information terminal links to each other with the CAN bus through the CAN bus transceiver.
Described CAN bus comprises Physical layer, data link layer and application layer, and Physical layer and data link layer realize that by hardware Error Control and flow control are also all accomplished by hardware automatically basically.The design of application layer protocol is extremely important; Wherein main is the distribution of confirming the CAN information identifier; The present invention adopts the normal data isl frame form of 11 information identifiers of CAN2.0 agreement; The concrete distribution as follows: ID.28～ID.22 is a destination address, and maximum 127 nodes can satisfy actual needs; ID.21～ID.20 is a function code, and ID.19～ID.18 is the additional function sign indicating number; The content of data length sign indicating number DLC3～DLC0 and data field is relevant with the function extra-code with function code.
Described laboratory computing machine also comprises the count off system management software; Be responsible for data collection, store, report and submit, inquire about, analyze and the supervision of statistics, printing reports, node and management etc., specifically comprise system monitoring module, communicate configuration module, data query module, report print module, node administration module, user management module and help module.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the present invention is based on first embodiment of count off system of CAN bus; This embodiment is the application of the present invention in coal preparation plant's production data is reported and submitted; Comprise laboratory computing machine, central station of floating dock computing machine, heavily be situated between control computer, flotation control computer, pressing filter control computer, post information terminal (jig, flotation machine, receive posies such as coalpit) and CAN bus; Described each computing machine is connected with the CAN bus through CAN adapter 5, and described post information terminal links to each other with the CAN bus through the CAN bus transceiver.
In the computing machine of described laboratory network interface card is installed, network interface card links to each other with LAN HUB through netting twine, and described central station of floating dock computing machine links to each other with the communication port of the PLC main frame of centralized control system through the RS232 serial ports.
The DCS system is adopted in the control of coal preparation plant; The start and stop of full plant and the supervision of production run mainly are responsible for by PLC main frame and central station of floating dock computing machine; Each sorting process and main equipment have the control corresponding system, such as the control system that heavily is situated between, flotation control system, pressing filter control system etc., though a lot of technology is equipped with control system; But, be difficult to realize omnibearing automatic control to the intervention that operation of equipment has also broken away from not the people.On automanual basis,, can improve the work efficiency of equipment to greatest extent in conjunction with experienced post driver's operation.And the process data that the post driver need produce operation of equipment, it is the main foundation of post driver operation equipment.
For the coal preparation plant of DCS system, the source of production data mainly contains three aspects: the one, and artificial analysis data mainly is the result of the sample off-line assay of online acquisition; Next is a centralized control system, mainly is the switching value data of equipment state, also comprises the online simulation amount data of part, such as position in storehouse, material level and weight etc.; Being each DCS computing machine at last, being distributed in different workshops, such as the control computer that heavily is situated between, flotation control computer etc., mainly is analog data.Through described CAN bus, realize the communication of these three aspect data, each computing machine sends to the CAN bus with production data selectively, is received as required and stores or shown by the node on it.
Described post information terminal; Can show the production data relevant with numeral or curve mode with this post; The equipment state monitoring interface of system, the inquiry of historical data or trend demonstration etc. are very easy to the post driver to the understanding of production run with to operation of equipment.Through checking historical data, can analyze, sum up operative skill better, improve operant level.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that the present invention is based on second embodiment of count off system of CAN bus; This embodiment is the application of the present invention in the count off system of smelter stokehold; Comprise collective analysis laboratory computing machine, face line analysis laboratory computing machine, DCS computing machine, stokehold information terminal and CAN bus; Described collective analysis laboratory computing machine links to each other with the CAN bus through CAN adapter 5; The described line analysis laboratory computing machine that faces links to each other with the CAN bus through CAN adapter 5; Described DCS computing machine links to each other with the CAN bus through CAN adapter 5, and described stokehold information terminal links to each other with the CAN bus through the CAN transceiver, in the computing machine of described collective analysis laboratory multi-serial-port card is installed; The serial ports of analyser (such as spectrometer, carbon sulphur appearance and X luminoscope etc.) microcomputer is connected with multi-serial-port card; In the computing machine of described collective analysis laboratory network interface card is installed, network interface card links to each other with LAN HUB through netting twine, described collective analysis laboratory computing machine, faces line analysis laboratory computing machine and the DCS computing machine also disposes keyboard, mouse, display and printer.
The collective analysis laboratory is arrived described stokehold information terminal with the sample analysis result who faces the line analysis laboratory through described CAN bus transfer; The chemical elemental symbol and the degree thereof that show the steel appearance of sending each stokehold; Make the flushing and casting personnel can grasp the instrumental analysis testing result data of molten steel chemical analysis in the smelting process in time, exactly, guarantee steady along production, science scheduling, raising qualification rate; Reduce production costs, ensure product quality.The DCS computing machine is used to send the technological parameter and the switching value data of automatic collection, makes described stokehold information terminal show the production status of smelting furnace.
Present embodiment is to be many main structures of core with the CAN bus, transmits the chemical composition analysis result conveniently, accurately, fast through cooperating software and hardware to make, and the transmitting range of numeral can reach several kilometers.Collective analysis laboratory computing machine with face line analysis laboratory computing machine the count off management software all be installed, simple to operate, data transmit directly perceived fast, accurately.
Present embodiment has stronger versatility, does the stokehold chemical composition analysis count off as a result that suitably adjustment just can be applied to all kinds of smelting furnaces as required, is a kind of up-and-coming count off system, and bigger economic benefit and social benefit are arranged.
Specific embodiment described herein just illustrates the present invention's spirit; Obviously the invention is not restricted to above embodiment; The various forms of modifications that affiliated technician makes described specific embodiment, additional or alternative all should be thought protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. count off system based on the CAN bus; It is characterized in that: comprise laboratory computing machine, DCS computing machine, information terminal and CAN bus; Described laboratory computing machine links to each other with the CAN bus through the CAN adapter; Described DCS computing machine links to each other with the CAN bus through the CAN adapter, and described information terminal links to each other with the CAN bus through the CAN transceiver, in the computing machine of described laboratory multi-serial-port card is installed; The serial ports of analyser microcomputer is connected with multi-serial-port card; In the computing machine of described laboratory network interface card is installed, network interface card links to each other with LAN HUB through netting twine, and described laboratory computing machine and DCS computing machine also dispose keyboard, mouse, display and printer.
2. the count off system based on the CAN bus according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described information terminal comprises microprocessor, CAN bus controller, CAN bus transceiver, storer, button, LCD LCDs and touch-screen for the information terminal based on the CAN bus.
3. the count off system based on the CAN bus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described CAN adapter is RS-232/CAN converter or the USB/CAN converter of light isolation or the pci bus CAN adapter that light is isolated that light is isolated.
4. the count off system based on the CAN bus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described multi-serial-port card is the pci bus RS-232 serial port board of 4 mouthfuls or 8 mouthfuls, can in the computing machine of laboratory, insert the polylith serial port board according to the quantity of analyser.
5. the count off system based on the CAN bus according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described CAN bus adopts the normal data isl frame form of 11 information identifiers of CAN2.0 agreement; The concrete distribution as follows: ID.28～ID.22 is a destination address; ID.21～ID.20 is a function code, and ID.19～ID.18 is the additional function sign indicating number, and the content of data length sign indicating number DLC3～DLC0 and data field is relevant with the function extra-code with function code.
6. the count off system based on the CAN bus according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described laboratory computing machine also comprises the count off system management software; Further, comprise system monitoring module, communicate configuration module, data query module, report print module, node administration module, user management module and help module.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103634182A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2014-03-12 | 成都爱斯顿测控技术有限公司 | Industrial-grade communication information processing platform |
| CN103414622A (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2013-11-27 | 上海固泰科技有限公司 | Simulation method based on CAN buses |
| CN104030006A (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-09-10 | 宿州中矿三杰科技有限公司 | Coal flow control device based on CAN bus |
| CN107562021A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-09 | 费希尔控制产品国际有限公司 | The system and method for the equipment operated in pre-configured or configuration industrial automation environment |
| CN107562021B (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2022-04-15 | 费希尔控制产品国际有限公司 | System and method for provisioning or configuring devices operating in an industrial automation environment |
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