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CN102361100B - Method for controlling balance of power lithium ion battery - Google Patents

Method for controlling balance of power lithium ion battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102361100B
CN102361100B CN2011103183458A CN201110318345A CN102361100B CN 102361100 B CN102361100 B CN 102361100B CN 2011103183458 A CN2011103183458 A CN 2011103183458A CN 201110318345 A CN201110318345 A CN 201110318345A CN 102361100 B CN102361100 B CN 102361100B
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soc
balanced
balance
battery
battery cell
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CN102361100A (en
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许莉
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Chery Automobile Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for controlling the balance of a power lithium ion battery, belonging to the technical field of battery balance control. The method comprises the following steps of: determining battery monomers needing to be balanced in the charging or discharging state on line, calculating balance time needed by the battery monomers needing to be balanced for reaching a target balance capacity, and calculating a start time point when the battery monomers are balanced; and triggering a balance executing mechanism to execute balancing at the initial time point. In the invention, an online active balance way is adopted, and energy is supplemented when the energy level is in low and is released when the energy level is high, so that the energy of each battery monomer tends to be consistent, the discharging capability and cruising distance of a battery pack are increased, the problem caused by battery consistence is solved, and the balance efficiency is increased.

Description

A kind of control method of balance of power lithium ion battery
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery balanced control technology field, particularly a kind of control method of balance of power lithium ion battery is mainly used in the active equalization system of the electrokinetic cells such as pure electric automobile, hybrid vehicle, plug-in hybrid-power automobile.
Background technology
Energy scarcity and environmental protection cry are more and more higher, and new-energy automobile has become one of topmost developing direction of Green Vehicle.The electrokinetic cell security and stability also greatly improves, and in new-energy automobile field nowadays very important status is arranged.But the problem of restriction Development of Electric Vehicles still is energy storage technology and the application technology of electrokinetic cell.And lithium ion battery is one of electrokinetic cell of the more employing of current electric automobile, its advantage: open circuit voltage is high, and (monomer battery voltage is up to 3.6~3.8V), and specific energy is large, have extended cycle life, nuisanceless, memory-less effect, self discharge are little.Yet for lithium ion battery comparatively distinct issues are its consistency, be that realistic meaning is arranged very much so study a kind of control method of balance of power lithium ion battery.
Lithium ion battery adopts series system to connect more, because the aspects such as temperature of each monolithic storage battery each monolithic storage battery in manufacturing, initial capacity, voltage, internal resistance and batteries are all incomplete same, because the existence of these differences has caused the difference of monomer performance, battery in use for some time, it is large that the monomer otherness can become, this will affect battery performance and life-span, therefore needs regularly battery to be carried out equilibrium.
In realizing process of the present invention, the inventor finds that there is following shortcoming at least in prior art:
The battery balanced means of current driving force fall behind, and mostly adopt passive balanced means, namely just carry out battery balanced control after battery breaks down, the effect that can't play the protection battery, prolongs battery, so that its balanced efficient is low, and DeGrain.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of control method of balance of power lithium ion battery, be used for remedying prior art and get defective, improve new-energy automobile lithium ion battery consistency, height according to battery cell volume index SOC discharges and makeup energy, improves discharge capability and the course continuation mileage of power brick.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of control method of balance of power lithium ion battery.Described technical scheme is as follows: described method comprises:
Determining online in the process of moving needs balanced battery cell under the charge or discharge state, calculate the described battery cell of equilibrium that needs and reach the required time for balance t of the balanced capacity of target i, and draw the start time point of battery cell equilibrium; Triggering balanced actuator at described start time point carries out balanced.
Described battery cell that need under the charge or discharge state to determine online in the process of moving equilibrium, concrete bag
Draw together:
Measure in advance the volume index SOC of each battery cell iAnd the balanced volume index SOC of whole power brick A
Draw the volume index SOC of each battery cell iWith balanced volume index SOC ABetween capacity tolerance value △ SOC i
According to capacity tolerance value △ SOC iWith balanced volume index SOC ANeed to determine balanced battery cell.
According to capacity tolerance value △ SOC iWith balanced volume index SOC ADetermining needs balanced battery cell, specifically comprises:
If △ is SOC i〉=SOC A* K determines that then this battery cell is to need balanced monomer,
Wherein but K is scalar quantity, and the K value is 0<K≤0.15.
Described execution equilibrium comprises:
Charge balancing, the volume index SOC of the battery cell of required equilibrium iBe lower than balanced volume index SOC A, and its capacity tolerance value △ SOC i〉=SOC A* K is to the battery cell charging and make its volume index SOC iBe tending towards described balanced volume index SOC A
Equalization discharge, the volume index SOC of the battery cell of required equilibrium iBe higher than balanced volume index SOC A, and its capacity tolerance value △ SOC i〉=SOC A* K, volume index SOC iHigher battery cell releases energy, and makes its volume index SOC iBe tending towards described balanced volume index SOC A
Described time for balance t iDetermine comprise:
Determine that the ampere-hour of the charge or discharge of required balancing battery monomer counts AH i
Capacity tolerance value △ SOC by the balancing battery monomer iAnd the ampere-hour of equalizing charge or discharge is counted AH iDraw the time for balance t of required balancing battery monomer i
The determining of the start time point of battery cell equilibrium comprises:
Time for balance t according to all balancing battery monomers in the power brick iDraw the balanced zero-time t of power brick;
In conjunction with the balanced zero-time t of power brick and the time for balance t of each balancing battery monomer i, draw the start time point T of each battery cell equilibrium I0
The time for balance t of described power brick chooses all battery cell time for balance t iA time for balance that battery cell is required of middle maximum.
Described charge balancing adopts the DC-DC module to charge, and described equalization discharge adopts resistance to discharge.
The beneficial effect of the technical scheme that the embodiment of the invention provides is:
Battery balanced control method of the present invention has adopted online balanced way initiatively, has solved simultaneously charge balancing and equalization discharge, and efficient is high.
Method of the present invention can be carried out active balancing (comprising charge balancing and equalization discharge) to battery pack online, the real real-time online of realizing is balanced, this function can solve the consistency problem that the current battery bag exists, can effectively prevent degradation of cell performance, and can repair the battery of hydraulic performance decline, thereby improve the automobile course continuation mileage, and prolong the useful life of battery.By online battery balanced, greatly improve the battery consistency problem, improve the capacity of whole power brick, remedy some defectives that current battery exists.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention, the accompanying drawing of required use was done to introduce simply during the below will describe embodiment, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the control method flow chart of balance of power lithium ion battery provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is control system frame diagram provided by the invention.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, embodiment of the present invention is described further in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Specifically as shown in Figure 1.
(1) need under the charge or discharge state to determine online balanced battery cell
Specifically comprise:
Measure in advance the volume index SOC of each battery cell iAnd the balanced volume index SOC of whole power brick A
Draw the volume index SOC of each battery cell iWith balanced volume index SOC ABetween capacity tolerance value △ SOC i, wherein, △ SOC i=SOC i-SOC A
According to capacity tolerance value △ SOC iWith balanced volume index SOC ANeed to determine balanced battery cell.
Determine the battery cell of needs equilibrium according to capacity tolerance value △ SOCi and balanced volume index SOCA, specifically comprise:
If △ is SOCi 〉=SOCA*K, determine that then this battery cell is to need balanced monomer,
Wherein but K is scalar quantity, and the K value is 0-0.15, can obtain according to the working control situation.
For charge balancing, the volume index SOC of the battery cell of required equilibrium iBe lower than balanced volume index SOC A, and its capacity tolerance value △ SOC i〉=SOC A* K is to the battery cell charging and make its volume index SOC iBe tending towards described balanced volume index SOC A
Equalization discharge, the volume index SOC of the battery cell of required equilibrium iBe higher than balanced volume index SOC A, and its capacity tolerance value △ SOC i〉=SOC A* K, volume index SOC iHigher battery cell releases energy, and makes its volume index SOC iBe tending towards described balanced volume index SOC A
The charge balancing selected point can be judged for reflecting the conforming state-of-charge of battery low pressure stage monomer (State of Charge) SOC point according to the battery self character, such as now choosing bag SOC BOTPoint, prediction each monomer SOC this moment.
The equalization discharge selected point can be arranged on power brick and will be full of in the electricity time period, confirms the higher battery of energy number according to the frequency number of times of the higher appearance of battery cell SOC.
(2) calculate the battery cell that needs equilibrium and reach the required time for balance of the balanced capacity of target, and draw the start time point of battery cell equilibrium
At first will calculate needs balanced battery cell to reach the required time for balance of the balanced capacity of target.
Determine that the ampere-hour of the charge or discharge of required balancing battery monomer counts AH i
Capacity tolerance value △ SOC by the balancing battery monomer iAnd the ampere-hour of equalizing charge or discharge is counted AH iDraw the time for balance t of required balancing battery monomer i
Specifically calculated by the energy predicting module and need balanced capacity tolerance value △ SOC i, according to size of current prediction time for balance t i
SOC end=SOC iend
△SOC iend=SOC i-SOC iend
△BAH i=△SOC iend*AH i
Measuring in advance thus needs the balanced time.SOC EndBe the balanced capacity SOC of target of power brick, SOC IendBe the balanced capacity SOC of target of i batteries monomer, △ BAH iIt is the capacity difference distance of the balanced capacity SOC of i batteries monomer and target.
Time for balance t according to the battery cell of all needs equilibriums i, the maximum time for balance of choosing wherein carries out balanced start time point as triggering power brick, and the while is according to the time for balance t of each battery cell iObtain the start time point T that each needs balanced battery cell I0
The SOC that can dope power brick according to the charging and discharging currents of power brick can determine according to the battery actual conditions to the SOC(that is full of electricity 100% and discharge alarming value point place), set out the balanced capability value of target, the battery cell of the needs equilibrium of so above-mentioned selected taking-up, under the battery charging and discharging condition and balanced control action be issued to the SOC level of whole bag, to guarantee that the monomer consistency is optimized in being full of electricity and discharge process.
Particularly, according to capacity tolerance value △ SOC, euqalizing current I bSize, and the charging and discharging currents I of power brick are determined balanced start time point T I0
Δ BAH i = ∫ 0 t i ( I + I b ) dt i
I is the charging and discharging currents value of power brick, is charged as just to discharge for negative I bBe the equalizer equalizes current value, the reference battery bag sense of current is established I bBe on the occasion of, I during charge balancing bIt is negative value during equalization discharge.t iBe that i batteries monomer will reach the balanced needed time of capacity SOC of target under proportionality action.
The charging and discharging currents of power brick generally is to be defaulted as constant in the power brick charging process, according to the battery charge parameter as can be known.The discharge process electric current is changing value, and this control method is to predict discharging current according to city operating mode NEDC standard.
Discharge and recharge the time according to current value and initial SOC prediction
SOC end - SOC start = ∫ 0 t Idt
Zero-time can be approximately so: T I0=t-t i
SOC StartBe the initial SOC value of power brick, T I0It is the initial time for balance that the i joint needs the balancing battery monomer.
(3) triggering balanced actuator at described start time point carries out balanced
Balanced enforcement: equalizer will carry out equilibrium to battery accurately according to the transmission information of BMS.The BBS major function comprises, protocol layer: with the BMS real-time communication, receive, send the CAN Message Processing; Discharging and recharging parameter processes: the processing such as electric current, voltage, temperature; Judge overcurrent, overvoltage, undervoltage warning; Logic control and state are judged: obtain the charge and discharge balancing order, module status is judged; Module diagnosis: the diagnostic functions such as equalization channel.
Fig. 2 has provided the framework of whole system and the corresponding relation between each control module.BBS can be divided into three major functions according to each functions of modules: the aspects such as CAN communication, equalizer logic control, safety management.BMS battery cell equalization demand is the judgment part initiatively, need to the battery parameter of battery management system, the modules such as SOC prediction are common to realize battery balanced demand judgement.Equalizer is balanced according to the information processing that battery management system sends, and makes necessary malfunction elimination, guarantees that equalizer can normally effectively carry out equilibrium to power brick.
Balanced prediction module selects needs balanced battery number, and provide the execution start time point according to energy deviation, balanced actuator equalizer is dealt with according to message, the mode that adopts equalization discharge and charge balancing to combine, concrete charge and discharge balancing is that the DC-DC module is charged, and resistance discharges.
Charge balancing: balanced to the online real time charging of power brick in the process of moving.By the monomer that selects number and with the difference of target SOC under the power brick discharge condition, for energy monomer on the low side, open actuator's equalizer and carry out energy supply, so that low-yield monomer SOC is tending towards whole bag SOC.The consistency of battery be can guarantee to improve in the process of moving by online equilibrium, performance and protection battery improved.
Equalization discharge: in to the power brick charging process to the power brick equalization discharge.By the monomer that selects number and with the difference of target SOC under the power brick charged state, for energy monomer on the low side, open actuator's equalizer and carry out energy release, so that high-energy monomer SOC is tending towards the target SOC of whole bag, each monomer of battery is full of as far as possible.Can guarantee to improve in the process of moving the consistency of battery by online equilibrium, improve serviceability.
Above-mentioned employing energy makeup energy on the low side, energy is higher to release energy, and finally each monomer energy reaches unanimity, and improves discharge capability and the course continuation mileage of power brick, can really solve the problem that battery consistency brings.
All or part of step in the embodiment of the invention can utilize software to realize, corresponding software program can be stored in the storage medium that can read, such as CD or hard disk etc.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. the control method of a balance of power lithium ion battery is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Determining online in the process of moving needs balanced battery cell under the charge or discharge state, calculate the described battery cell of equilibrium that needs and reach the required time for balance t of the balanced capacity of target i, and draw the start time point of battery cell equilibrium; Triggering balanced actuator at described start time point carries out balanced;
Described battery cell that need under the charge or discharge state to determine online in the process of moving equilibrium comprises:
Measure in advance the volume index SOC of each battery cell iAnd the balanced volume index SOC of whole power brick ADraw the volume index SOC of each battery cell iWith balanced volume index SOC ABetween capacity tolerance value △ SOC i
According to capacity tolerance value △ SOC iWith balanced volume index SOC ANeed to determine balanced battery cell; If △ is SOC i〉=SOC A* K determine that then this battery cell is to need balanced monomer, but wherein K is scalar quantity, and the K value is 0<K≤0.15;
The determining of the start time point of battery cell equilibrium comprises:
Time for balance t according to all balancing battery monomers in the power brick iDraw the balanced zero-time t of power brick;
In conjunction with the balanced zero-time t of power brick and the time for balance t of each balancing battery monomer i, draw the start time point T of each battery cell equilibrium I0
2. the control method of balance of power lithium ion battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described execution equilibrium comprises:
Charge balancing, the volume index SOC of the battery cell of required equilibrium iBe lower than balanced volume index SOC A, and its capacity tolerance value △ SOC i〉=SOC A* K is to the battery cell charging and make its volume index SOC iBe tending towards described balanced volume index SOC A
Equalization discharge, the volume index SOC of the battery cell of required equilibrium iBe higher than balanced volume index SOC A, and its capacity tolerance value △ SOC i〉=SOC A* K, volume index SOC iHigher battery cell releases energy, and makes its volume index SOC iBe tending towards described balanced volume index SOC A
3. the control method of balance of power lithium ion battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described time for balance t iDetermine comprise:
Determine that the ampere-hour of the charge or discharge of required balancing battery monomer counts AH i
Capacity tolerance value △ SOC by the balancing battery monomer iAnd the ampere-hour of equalizing charge or discharge is counted AH iDraw the time for balance t of required balancing battery monomer i
4. the control method of balance of power lithium ion battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
The time for balance t of described power brick chooses all battery cell time for balance t iA time for balance that battery cell is required of middle maximum.
5. the control method of balance of power lithium ion battery according to claim 2 is characterized in that,
Described charge balancing adopts the DC-DC module to charge, and described equalization discharge adopts resistance to discharge.
CN2011103183458A 2011-10-19 2011-10-19 Method for controlling balance of power lithium ion battery Active CN102361100B (en)

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