CN102333947A - High operation repeatability and stability fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents
High operation repeatability and stability fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102333947A CN102333947A CN2009801576468A CN200980157646A CN102333947A CN 102333947 A CN102333947 A CN 102333947A CN 2009801576468 A CN2009801576468 A CN 2009801576468A CN 200980157646 A CN200980157646 A CN 200980157646A CN 102333947 A CN102333947 A CN 102333947A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
- F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
- F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
- F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
- F02M63/0024—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid in combination with permanent magnet
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
- F02M63/004—Sliding valves, e.g. spool valves, i.e. whereby the closing member has a sliding movement along a seat for opening and closing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
- F02M63/0078—Valve member details, e.g. special shape, hollow or fuel passages in the valve member
- F02M63/008—Hollow valve members, e.g. members internally guided
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
- F02D41/402—Multiple injections
- F02D41/403—Multiple injections with pilot injections
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/30—Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped
- F02M2200/306—Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped using mechanical means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2547/00—Special features for fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
- F02M2547/003—Valve inserts containing control chamber and valve piston
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
- F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
- F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
- F02M45/08—Injectors peculiar thereto
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
- F02M63/0075—Stop members in valves, e.g. plates or disks limiting the movement of armature, valve or spring
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Ink Jet (AREA)
- Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
Abstract
A fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine, comprising: at least one fuel electroinjector; and one electronic control unit designed to supply the fuel electroinjector, in a fuel injection phase in an engine cylinder, with at least a first electrical command to perform a pilot fuel injection, and a second electrical command to perform a main fuel injection. The first and second electrical commands are separated in time by an electrical dwell time such that the main fuel injection starts without interruption with respect to the pilot fuel injection. The electrical dwell time between the first and second electrical commands belongs to an electrical dwell time range in which the total fuel amount injected in the pilot and main fuel injections in a fuel injection phase in an engine cylinder is substantially constant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to have the fuel injection system for IC engine of high operation repeatability and stability.
Background technique
Usually; Fuel injection system comprises a plurality of fuel electric injectors; Each is provided with metering servovalve; Metering servovalve comprises the control room that provides pressurized fuel and is provided with fuel outlet that fuel outlet is closed by opening/closing member by means of elastic pushing device (elastic urging means) usually.Operate this opening/closing member, with through opening fuel outlet and the burner oil in control room with the electric actuator (actuator) of elastic pushing device relativity.Fuel pressure in the control room acts on axially movable controlling rod in the ejector body, and this controlling rod engages with the atomizer pin and moves axially, to open and close the fuel orifice in the atomizer nozzle.
Fuel injection system further comprises electronic control unit, and program control (program) sprays to carry out each fuel for to electric actuator corresponding electric order to be provided.The time lag that controlling rod moves with respect to electric order depends on the preload that acts on the pushing device on the metering servovalve opening/closing member, and depends on the volume in control room and the section ratio between fuel inlet and the outlet.
For improving engine performance; EP 1657422 and EP 1795738 have described a kind of fuel injection system; Wherein, Under predetermined engine operating condition (based on engine speed, load, coolant temperature etc.); In fuel injection phases in cylinder and corresponding fuel combustion stage, the first electric order that electronic control unit provides a predetermined lasting time is at least sprayed the electric order of (pilot fuel injection) and an endurance subsequently and is sprayed to carry out main fuel to carry out pilot fuel, and this endurance is depended on engine operating condition.Two electric orders separate with electric residence time (electrical dwell time) in time; Make the beginning main fuel spray and do not interrupt the pilot fuel injection; That is, the moment fuel flow rate of fuel injection phases is set at so-called " bimodal curve (two-hump profile) ".
Summary of the invention
The applicant finds according to experiment; In the described fuel injection system of above-mentioned patent; In case be used for that pilot fuel is sprayed the fuel pressure of the endurance of the electric order of spraying with main fuel, pilot fuel course of injection and institute's amount of fuel injected of representing with volume usually fix based on engine operating condition, then spray into respective electric that the institute's burner oil total amount in the cylinder sends according to the electric control unit as a whole electric residence time between ordering and change via pilot fuel injection and main fuel.Particularly, the electric residence time confirmed as according to pilot fuel is sprayed and main fuel sprays between the electric order of two kinds of different behaviors of fuel electric injector (electroinjector) changes.In fact; Can confirm the electric residence time of a limit; On the electric residence time of this limit; Main fuel between injection period the injected fuel amount not only depend on endurance of respective electric order, also depend on fuel pressure and pilot fuel institute's injected fuel amount (it is preset quality) between injection period, and depend on set in the fuel-supply pipe spray the fuel pressure vibration (pressure oscillation) that causes by pilot fuel; Wherein, fuel is transported to the fuel electric injector via fuel-supply pipe.
If the electric residence time that is used between pilot fuel is sprayed and main fuel sprays the electric order is shorter than the electric residence time of this limit; Then alternatively; Remove above-mentioned factor (promptly; Fuel pressure and pilot fuel be the injected fuel amount between injection period) outside; Main fuel between injection period the injected fuel amount also receive the influence of a plurality of factors; That is, the resilience of opening/closing member on the valve seat during the electric residence time between two electric orders, the closing control chamber fuel outlet (fuel outlet in control room is opened in this resilience again and the fuel pressure that influences in the control room changes, and therefore influence by the controlling rod of its control dynamically), main fuel sprays near the hydrodynamic condition of setting the fluid-tight district of position and metering servovalve opening/closing member of electric order atomizer pin when beginning.
In addition; Also be necessary to consider the aging of fuel electric injector; Because the wearing and tearing of fluid sealing part or the serious wear with relative movable part of tolerances have influenced the resilience of opening/closing member; To consider so-called " coking (coking) " phenomenon simultaneously; It has influenced the atomizer nozzle hole and has been that this " coking " phenomenon make the hole sectional area reduce, thereby had reduced the fuel flow rate of fuel electric injector because the cross section, hole that the accumulation of the carbon laydown that the combination of high fuel injection pressure and high temperature generates in the firing chamber causes dwindles gradually basically.
As previously mentioned, pilot fuel is sprayed the hydrodynamic condition of fuel electric injector when in fact having changed electric order that the main fuel injection is provided.Particularly, for the 1-3mm that typically appears in riding Motor Vehicle (the passenger motor vehicle) engine application
3Pilot fuel in interval amount of fuel injected and typically appear at the 5-7mm in the industrial car engine application between injection period
3Pilot fuel in interval amount of fuel injected between injection period, pilot fuel are sprayed the electric residence time of the limit that these two behaviors are separated that electric order and main fuel spray between the electric order and are approximately 300 μ s.
The claimant also finds according to experiment; When pilot fuel is sprayed electric order and main fuel and is sprayed electric residence time between the electric order and be shorter than the electric residence time of the aforementioned limit; And especially become very short and when causing pilot fuel to be sprayed having hampered main fuel subsequently to a greater extent spraying, the operation robustness (robustness) of fuel injector can receive tangible harm when this electric residence time.
Even can carry out program control so that change the electric residence time be used between pilot fuel is sprayed and main fuel sprays the electric order to electronic control unit in the fuel injector length of life, but all can not confirm in advance in any case introducing correcting value so that pilot fuel between injection period and the moment fuel flow rate of main fuel between injection period continue to have bimodal curve.Particularly, can not keep pilot fuel between injection period and main fuel predetermined between institute's injected fuel amount between injection period than constant; And because its variation; Thereby may reach the situation of a limit, in this case, twice fuel sprays and is fused to once single fuel in fact and sprays; Relevant is that excessive fuel can be introduced in the firing chamber therewith, and this influences engine exhaust emission unfriendly.
In fact, the shortcoming that experiences in the known fuel ejecting system of said type comes from such fact, promptly; For obtain pilot fuel between injection period and main fuel between injection period moment fuel flow rate bimodal curve; Wherein, under any circumstance, pilot fuel is sprayed (although close) and can discerned and distinguish with the main fuel injection well; So, be necessary between the respective electric order, to set a very short electric residence time.Therefore, when the notable change of hydrodynamic condition, and depend on the parameter of indication before, begin to restart metering servovalve and spray, thereby causing adverse effect aspect engine efficiency and the pollutant toxic emission to realize main fuel.
Above shortcoming increases in useful life period rapidly at the fuel electric injector: particularly; The relatively wearing and tearing of movable part and change the electric injector performance curve in the fuel electric injector such as atomizer nozzle hole phenomenon of coking; Such as expression main fuel for fixed fuel pressure between injection period the injected fuel amount with respect to so-called " the fuel flow rate curve " of the variation of respective electric order endurance; Perhaps for given fuel pressure and electric order endurance the expression pilot fuel between injection period and main fuel subsequently the injected fuel total amount is as a whole with respect to the variation of the electric residence time between the respective electric order so-called " closing on curve " between injection period, hereinafter can " close on curve " to this more comprehensively to be explained.Because the electric order that electronic control unit sends is based on the performance curve of aforementioned fuel electric injector; And owing to can not accurately predict it because of wearing and tearing or coking causes along with change of time; Therefore be very difficult to calculate the control algorithm that makes electronic control unit can guarantee the robustness operation; In the whole useful life period of fuel electric injector, this robustness operation can be rendered to another fuel electric injector from a fuel electric injector.Particularly, can not appeal to of the mapping continuous correction variation of broad domain oxygen sensor (UEGO) probe, because it is positioned at the downstream of all cylinder gas exhaust manifolds and therefore will analyzes average toxic emission to each fuel electric injector.In order to meet the exhaust emissions restriction of up-to-date strictness, this type of behave is also also insufficient, because at first, the performance curve of the performance curve of a fuel electric injector and another fuel electric injector is not fully overlapping; In addition, as stated, in the operating range of being concerned about, even pilot fuel injection and main fuel spray the significant difference that the minimum change of the electric residence time between the electric order also can cause the operation of fuel electric injector.
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of in a period of time, the have long-term height operation repeatability and the common rail fuel injection system of stability, eliminate shortcoming thus according to the fuel injection system of existing technology state.
According to the present invention, the internal-combustion engine common rail fuel injection system realization that above purpose limits through liking claim enclosed.
Description of drawings
In order to understand the present invention better, here only through instance and by means of description of drawings preferred embodiments more of the present invention, wherein:
Fig. 1 has schematically shown the fuel electric injector of fuel injection system for IC engine; And
Fig. 2 shows the diagram of the development and change (evolution) of physical quantity in the explanation fuel injection system to Fig. 6.
Embodiment
In Fig. 1, whole by the fuel electric injector of label 1 expression fuel under high pressure ejecting system 2, this fuel under high pressure ejecting system is specially common rail (common rail) fuel injection system, and it is used for the internal-combustion engine (not shown), and specifically is used for diesel engine.
Fuel electric injector 1 comprises hollow ejector body 3, its longitudinally axis extend and have a side direction fuel inlet 4 that is designed to be connected to common rail, this common rail and then be connected to the high-pressure service pump (not shown) of fuel injection system 2 through high-pressure fuel delivery pipe.Ejector body 3 finishes at atomizer 5 places, and this atomizer mainly comprises nozzle 5, and it is communicated with fuel inlet 4 through pipeline 6 and has the taper that is provided with fuel orifice and pushes up.Nozzle keeps shut through the aciculiform flashboard 7 with taper top usually; This aciculiform flashboard is designed to merge with the taper apical grafting of nozzle and in atomizer, move axially; With opening and closing nozzle bore under the effect of controlling rod 8, this controlling rod axially moves in the bottom of ejector body 3.In a various embodiment, aciculiform flashboard 7 is made for controlling rod 8 and is single, therefore direct opening and closing nozzle bore.
In the top of ejector body 3, accommodate fuel metering servovalve 9, it can operate moving with control controlling rod 8.Metering servovalve 9 comprises electric actuator 10; It is program control for each fuel injection phases of cylinder and corresponding fuel combustion cycle, to be that electric actuator 10 provides one or more electric orders through electronic control unit 11, sprays to carry out corresponding fuel.In present specification and claims, term " electric order " expression has predetermined lasting time and the current signal of predetermined development and change time.
For example; Can know metering servovalve from EP 1106816 with electromagnetism electric actuator and uneven hydraulic structure; Wherein, Valve seat is formed by conical seat, and the calibration portion of the fuel outlet passage in control room punishes out (give out) at this, and the ball that flashboard is controlled by the bar that under the electric actuator effect, in axle sleeve, slides forms.
Can know metering servovalve from above-mentioned EP 1795738 with EP 1621764 with electromagnetism electric actuator and balance hydraulic structure; Wherein, Flashboard by with fluid sealing mode on the axial restraint valve rod in axial sliding axle sleeve form; The fuel outlet passage is arranged on this; And valve seat is formed the annular shoulder that the connection area limited between bar and the flange, and this flange is made for and becomes single and bar with bar and stretched out by flange, and its be contained in the ejector body and with fluid sealing mode through be screwed on the internal thread the collar nut that threaded line is arranged and with the shoulder retainer shaft of ejector body to contacting.
For example can know and different metering servovalve shown in above-mentioned two patents with electromagnetism electric actuator and balance hydraulic structure from WO2009092507 and WO2009092484.
Can know metering servovalve from EP 1612398 and WO2008138800 with piezo electric actuator actuator and balance hydraulic structure; Wherein, Flashboard by with fluid sealing mode on the axle sleeve of axial restraint in axial sliding bar form, and valve seat is formed by the annular shoulder of axle sleeve.
In order to obtain high-engine efficient and to reduce the pollutant toxic emission; As far as each the fuel combustion cycle in the cylinder; Electronic control unit 11 is program control for controlling metering servovalve 9; Fuel electric injector 1 is carried out comprised that pilot fuel is sprayed and main fuel injected fuel injection phase subsequently, the injection of beginning main fuel can not interrupted pilot fuel and spray.
For said purpose, each fuel injection phases in cylinder, electronic control unit 11 is program control for generating the first electric order S with predetermined lasting time at least
1To operate electric actuator 10 and to operate flashboard 15 thus; And make controlling rod 8 carry out the first unlatching stroke and corresponding subsequently first and close stroke; Spray to carry out pilot fuel, and generate the second electric order S of endurance as the function of engine operating condition
2To operate electric actuator 10 and to operate flashboard 15 thus, make controlling rod 8 carry out the second unlatching stroke and corresponding subsequently second and close stroke, spray to carry out main fuel.Two electric order S
1And S
2Through being designed to D
TElectric residence time separate in time, this electric residence time can illustrate in greater detail for the operational stability of confirming fuel injector 1 and the effect of robustness hereinafter.
Pilot fuel is injected fuel amount V between injection period
PBasically depend on fuel pressure, and proportional with the combustion chamber of air cylinder volume.Particularly, in the application of riding motor car engine, pilot fuel between injection period the injected fuel amount be 1-3mm
3The interval, and in the application of industrial car motor, this value is increased to 5-7mm
3The interval.
And main fuel injected fuel amount V between injection period
MThe volume that not only depends on cylinder also depends on the power operation point through engine speed and clipping, and the minimum 5mm from during running down, setting
3Begin to be increased to the 55mm that is in that sets during the Maximum Torque (that is, 1900 to 200r.p.m)
3Interval (situation that engine cylinder displacement (displacement) is about 330cc) or 70mm
3The maximum value of interval (situation that displacement volume is about 500cc).
Fig. 2 shows a top graph, wherein, and the electric order S that is used for pilot fuel injection and main fuel injection that electronic control unit 11 provides
1And S
2The time development and change be represented by dotted lines and the electric order S of controlling rod 8 response
1And S
2Corresponding displacement P (wherein atomizer 5 cuts out) with respect to initial point " zero " representes with solid line.In addition, Fig. 2 shows a bottom graph shows, wherein shows pilot fuel and sprays with main fuel and spray the moment fuel flow rate Q that spurts into cylinder during (identify with P and M respectively and)
iThe time development and change, it is corresponding to the displacement P of controlling rod 8.
In the bottom curve of Fig. 2, it is understandable that pilot fuel is sprayed and to be sprayed with main fuel is adjacency in time, perhaps from different footholds, be through being that zero hydraulic pressure residence time separates basically, it allows realization moment fuel flow rate Q
iBimodal curve, this curve and then allow to realize electric injector 1 operational stability and the given advantage of robustness aspect, this point can more fully be discussed hereinafter.
In the top graph of Fig. 2, it is understandable that, from T
1The moment of expression begins to generate the first electric order S that is used for the pilot fuel injection
1And it is offered fuel electric injector 1; The development and change of this order have and rise to the peaked ascent stage (stretch) relatively fast; So that give electric actuator 10 energisings (energize); Being exactly the excitation service section (excitation maintenance stretch) with value littler than maximum value then, is exactly the final descending branch that stops in the moment that T2 representes at last.
Begin to generate the second electric order S from the moment that T3 representes
2And it is offered fuel electric injector 1, make that controlling rod 8 is not to arrive based on the first electric order S
1The stroke of closing that takes place just begins to open accordingly stroke terminal the time, causes main fuel to spray thus, and the beginning that this main fuel sprays is not interrupted pilot fuel and sprayed.Particularly, in order accurately to obtain the moment fuel flow rate Q shown in Fig. 2 bottom diagram
iBimodal curve, moment T
3Form feasible, controlling rod 8 exactly in the instantaneous beginning that arrives the end of closing stroke that takes place based on the first electric order S1 based on the second electric order S
2The startup stroke that takes place.The same with the displacement that controlling rod 8 does not interrupt; The pin 7 that controlling rod 8 is applied to it also carries out the same displacement of not interrupting; Confirm that thus atomizer shower nozzle hole is being to close in time of zero basically, spraying corresponding to this pilot fuel that is between spraying with main fuel also is zero hydraulic pressure residence time basically.
And time lag T
3-T
2Above-mentioned two electric order S have been confirmed
1And S
2Between electric residence time DT.
The second electric order S
2Also have the time development and change, these time development and change have and increase to the peaked ascent stage with to electric actuator 10 energising, be thereupon have than the little value of maximum value and endurance than the first electric order S
1The long excitation service section of time of excitation service section.At last, the second electrical signal S
2The excitation service section after be exactly final descending branch, it is at T
4The moment of expression stops.
Suppose main fuel between injection period the injected fuel amount be higher than pilot fuel injected fuel amount between injection period; Then at main fuel between injection period; The unlatching stroke that controlling rod 8 is carried out is longer than the unlatching stroke that it is carried out between injection period in pilot fuel; Especially under full load engine operation condition, it reaches maximum lift (lift).In other words, between injection period, moving under so-called " trajectory (ballistic) " condition of controlling rod 8 takes place in pilot fuel, yet between injection period, controlling rod 8 arrives maximum lift at main fuel, to help robustness and the repeatability that main fuel sprays.
For understanding foregoing better, Fig. 3 shows that (that is, rather than form part that continuous fuel sprays) pilot fuel of separately considering is sprayed and the comparison of main fuel between spraying.Particularly, in Fig. 3, P
1And P
2The curve of expression shows controlling rod 8 respectively in response to S
1And S
2The pilot fuel of each electric order of expression spray and main fuel between injection period along with the displacement of time t, it is with shown in Figure 2 similar, and for the ease of explaining, is shown as from identical moment T
1Beginning.It is understandable that however, but in pilot fuel between injection period, moving of controlling rod 8 is trajectory type, C
1Represented lift is at moment T
6Reach, between injection period, controlling rod 8 is at moment T at main fuel
7Reach C
2The lift of expression, this lift keep constant in moment T
8, then at moment T
8Begin to close stroke.Also will be understood that, corresponding to the first electric order S
1The time lag T of endurance
1-T
2How than corresponding to controlling rod 8 based on the first electric order S
1The time lag T of the unlatching stroke that takes place
5-T
6Short, this response ratio controlling rod 8 that shows 9 pairs of electric orders of metering servovalve is rapid.
Fuel electric injector described in the above referenced patent all has such characteristics, that is, metering servovalve is rapid to electric command response, especially the very little metering servovalve in those control rooms.The claimant finds according to experiment, in this class A fuel A electric injector, through at interval the electric order S in time with electric residence time DT
1And S
2Move controlling rod 8 (this interval makes the beginning main fuel spray can not interrupt the pilot fuel injection), as concrete situation, confirmed moment fuel flow rate Q shown in Figure 2
iBimodal curve, other conditions remain unchanged, along with the electric residence time DT between the electric order changes, the whole burner oil total amount of each fuel injection phases, that is, pilot fuel is sprayed the whole total amount of fuel that sprays with subsequently main fuel and is changed noticeably.
Particularly, along with the electric residence time DT between two electric orders reduces, such situation possibly take place, that is, the second electric order has just begun when controlling rod also is being between the unlatching stroke of being confirmed by the first electric order.This is a situation about not expecting very much, because this can cause that pilot fuel is sprayed and main fuel injection portion is overlapping, this overlapping fuel quantity of having confirmed to introduce causes corresponding power operation imbalance and exhaust emission deteriorates thus above desired fuel quantity.
This situation is shown in Fig. 4, and it is through show two electric order S that separated by two different electric residence time DT based on respectively comparatively with solid line and dotted line
1And S
2The moment fuel flow rate Q that takes place
1And Q
2The time development and change, grow (solid line) for one, one shorter, extremely lacks in (dotted line).It is understandable that, along with electric residence time DT reduces, the moment fuel flow rate Q that solid line is represented
1The time development and change possibly fail and be the moment fuel flow rate Q that dots
2, and institute's injected fuel amount surpasses desired fuel quantity as a result, and this amount that surpasses is represented by shaded area.
Fig. 5 closes on curve (approach curve) with what solid line had been represented the fuel electric injector, and has carried out reference in the preface part of specification, its just the whole total amount of fuel V that sprays of fuel injection phases (represent with unit of volume usually, be generally mm
3) the time development and change, this fuel injection phases comprises that pilot fuel sprays with subsequently main fuel and spray that (the beginning main fuel sprays and can not interrupt pilot fuel and spray, and it orders S according to being used for pilot fuel with the respective electric that main fuel injection is sprayed
1And S
2Between electric residence time DT and change).Particularly, shown in Figure 5 close on curve according to experiment based on the fuel electric injector with EP 1795738 and metering servovalve of the balanced hydraulic structure type described in the EP 1621764 and the intended fuel pressure condition be used for pilot fuel and spray under the predetermined electric order endurance condition of spraying definite with main fuel.
Be appreciated that from the analysis that closes on curve; Be shorter than certain minimum value and be longer than for certain maximum value situation of (as approximating 60 μ s and 100 μ s respectively greatly being thought of as in the instance) for electric residence time DT; Along with electric residence time DT increases, the total V of whole institute's injected fuel amount will be with the constantly also minimizing fast of gradient of very high and substantial constant during pilot fuel injection and main fuel sprayed.Therefore; In these electric residence time scopes; Even component wear or coking phenomenon cause closing on the minimum change (for example small moves horizontally) of curve, but notable change takes place in its whole total amount of fuel V that can cause being ejected in the cylinder, thereby the injection of proof fuel is difficult to repetition.
Yet; For the electric residence time DT in the intermediate range of confirming by above-mentioned minimum and maximum value; The variation of its total amount of fuel V is compared much little with the total amount of fuel variation that is located immediately at the extraneous electric residence time DT acquisition of intermediary electrical residence time, in fact can ignore.Particularly, in intermediary electrical residence time scope, in the application of riding motor car engine, total amount of fuel V is approximately 3mm based on the variation of time 40 μ s
3, and in the application of industrial car motor, its variation based on time 60 μ s is approximately 6mm
3Therefore; In this intermediary electrical residence time scope; Mostly being changed to of total amount of fuel V is to be located immediately at that total amount of fuel that the extraneous electric residence time DT of intermediary electrical residence time obtains changes 1/4th; Differ so big; To such an extent as to total amount of fuel (to first approximation) on the degree of first approximation is constant basically, thereby in fact possibly changing of the electric residence time DT in the intermediary electrical residence time scope can not change total amount of fuel V and therefore prove that the operation of fuel electric injector 1 has long-term high duplication and stability.
Variation along with electric residence time DT in the intermediary electrical residence time scope; One section of representing through z in the curve in shown in Figure 5 closing on of the substantially constant property of total amount of fuel V or the variability that reduces relatively illustrates; With regard to all causes and effects, it can be considered to respect to preceding and for the slope of back segment, approximately be level.
In addition, the applicant finds according to experiment that wherein total amount of fuel V substantially constant or the very limited intermediary electrical residence time scope of variation make it possible to realize the moment fuel flow rate Q shown in Fig. 2 bottom curve just
2Desired bimodal curve, rather than the moment fuel flow rate Q that dots among Fig. 4
iCurve, wherein in fact pilot fuel is injected in that to spray with main fuel be undistinguishable.
Therefore, find beginning, in case confirmed to want injected fuel amount V between injection period in pilot fuel injection and main fuel based on engine operating condition from this experiment
PAnd V
M, the present invention then proposes to improve through fuel injection control the operational stability and the robustness of fuel injection system 2, and it comprises basically:
-give fuel electric injector characteristic (characterize) to confirm the fuel flow rate curve under the different fuel jet pressure; As an example; Fig. 6 shows the fuel flow rate curve and the corresponding fueling injection pressure P of fuel injector; Wherein the axis of ordinates representative is through fuel electric injector injected fuel amount V; Axis of abscissas is represented ET current"on"time of fuel electric injector, and it makes the fuel electric injector spray corresponding fuel quantity;
-confirm ET current"on"time of fuel electric injector based on fuel flow rate curve corresponding in the power operation point with given fueling injection pressure
PAnd ET current"on"time of fuel electric injector
M, be intended to carry out in the power operation point fuel injection phases that comprises pilot fuel injection and the injection of main fuel subsequently (it begins to interrupt pilot fuel and sprays), at ET current"on"time
PMake the fuel electric injector spray pilot fuel and spray desired fuel quantity V
P, at ET current"on"time
MMake fuel electric injector main fuel injection spray desired fuel quantity V
M
-then, use with the pilot fuel of in preceding step, confirming and spray the current"on"time ET relevant with the main fuel injection
PAnd ET
MClose on curve and give fuel electric injector characteristic to confirm it;
-analyzing this closes on curve, and inspection is as the first and second electric order S
1, S
2Between electric residence time DT can not interrupt pilot fuel when spraying P between changing among the intermediary electrical residence time scope Z between the electric residence time scope of first (directly preceding) electric residence time scope and second (directly back) and making the beginning main fuel spray M; Pilot fuel is sprayed and whether the variation of main fuel institute's injected fuel total amount V between injection period is significantly less than the variation in the first electric residence time scope and the second electric residence time scope; And intensity of variation is substantially invariable on the degree of first approximation for this total amount of fuel can be thought of as: particularly; In order to let the fuel electric injector have the long-term operation repeatability of hope and stable; Intermediary electrical residence time scope is essential convenient for making; Calculate by relative value, the variation of total amount of fuel V is 1/4th of the interior variation of the first and second electric residence time scopes at least, and/or by absolute calculation; In riding motor car engine was used, total amount of fuel can not surpass 3mm based on the variation of time 40 μ s
3, in the industrial car engine application, its variation based on time 60 μ s can not surpass 6mm
3
-under check result is sure situation; Based on about closing on curve and squint in time the availability of data of (drift) mode (for example wearing and tearing or atomizer nozzle hole coking phenomenon), in determined intermediary electrical residence time scope z, select pilot fuel to spray and the concrete electric residence time DT of main fuel between spraying; Therefore; If for example knownly consider the aging of fuel electric injector parts; Close on curve along with the time squints to the right, suitably select electric residence time DT corresponding to intermediary electrical residence time scope right-hand member, yet; If do not close on the information of curve along with the modes of deflection of time, that then suitable is the electric residence time DT that selects corresponding to the intermediate value in the intermediary electrical residence time scope; And, last
-electric residence time the DT that will select is stored in the electronic control unit 11; Make it to operate fuel electric injector 1 as follows with electric means; Promptly; The fuel electric injector will carry out the pilot fuel injection and main fuel subsequently sprays; Pilot fuel injection and main fuel spray in time to be separated with the electric residence time DT that stores, and make the injection of beginning main fuel can not interrupt the injection of pilot fuel, and pilot fuel is sprayed and main fuel injected fuel total amount V is substantially invariable around the electric residence time DT that stores.
Compared with prior art, the advantage according to fuel injection system of the present invention is very obvious according to foregoing.At first; Selection is corresponding to the electric residence time DT that closes on the section z of curve shown in Figure 5; (wherein, the variation of total amount of fuel V is very limited, with respect to before the section z with afterwards section in variation for be zero basically) guaranteed height operation repeatability that the fuel electric injector is long-term and stable.
Be apparent that, only otherwise deviate from the scope of the present invention that limits in the appended claims, can carry out other modifications and improvement described fuel injection system.
For example; The structure of fuel injection system maybe be different with aforementioned altogether rail structure, and especially (wherein, pressurized fuel storage volume is not confirmed through the single rail of concentrating altogether with type described in EP1612401, EP 1612405 and the EP 1612406; But be divided into different storage volumes) difference; Or the type of using before the marketization of rail structure together (wherein, fuel injector is directly provided by high pressure fuel pump, and high pressure fuel pump is operating as with the operation of fuel injector and synchronously carries pressurized fuel; This conveying is discrete for momently, carries out stage by stage and periodically constant through motor) difference.
Claims (15)
1. a fuel injection system for IC engine (2) comprising:
-at least one fuel electric injector (1); And
-electronic control unit (11); Be designed in the fuel injection phases of cylinder, spray (M) to carry out the pilot fuel injection (P) and the second electric order (S2) to carry out main fuel for said fuel electric injector (1) provides the first electric order (S1) at least; The said first electric order and the second electric order (S1; S2) separate with an electric residence time (DT) in time, make that beginning said main fuel sprays (M) and do not interrupt said pilot fuel injection (P);
Said fuel injection system is characterised in that:
Said fuel electric injector (1) makes; As the said first electric order and the second electric order (S1; S2) the said electric residence time (DT) between is changing in the intermediary electrical residence time scope (Z) between the first electric residence time scope and the second electric residence time scope and is making the said main fuel of beginning spray (M) and do not interrupt said pilot fuel when spraying (P); Pilot fuel described in the fuel injection phases of cylinder spray with the main fuel injection (P, M) during the variation of injected fuel total amount (V) less than the variation in the said first electric residence time scope and the second electric residence time scope;
And (S1, the said electric residence time (DT) between S2) belongs to said intermediary electrical residence time scope (Z) for the said first electric order and the second electric order.
2. fuel injection system according to claim 1, wherein, in said intermediary electrical residence time scope, said total amount of fuel (V) substantially constant that sprays in the said fuel injection phases.
3. fuel injection system according to claim 1 and 2; Wherein, In said intermediary electrical residence time scope, in riding motor car engine was used, the said total amount of fuel (V) that sprays in the said fuel injection phases was no more than 3mm based on the variation of time 40 μ s
3, in the industrial car engine application, the said total amount of fuel that sprays in the said fuel injection phases is no more than 6mm based on the variation of time 60 μ s
3
4. according to each described fuel injection system in the aforementioned claim; Wherein, In said intermediary electrical residence time scope, being changed to of the said total amount of fuel (V) that sprays in the said fuel injection phases be mostly in the said first electric residence time scope and the second electric residence time scope variation 1/4th.
5. according to each described fuel injection system in the aforementioned claim; Wherein, The said first electric order and the second electric order (S1; S2) the said electric residence time (DT) between makes, begin said main fuel and spray (M) and do not interrupt said pilot fuel injection (P), and the injection of said main fuel begins in the moment of said pilot fuel injection end basically.
6. according to each described fuel injection system in the aforementioned claim, wherein, said fuel electric injector (1) comprises metering servovalve (9), and said metering servovalve comprises:
-control room (12) is designed to provide fuel and has fuel outlet (14);
-opening/closing member (15) can move along the opening and closing stroke, to open and correspondingly to close said fuel outlet (14);
-pushing device is designed to act on said opening/closing member (15), to close said fuel outlet (14); And
-electric actuator (10) is designed to resist the effect of said pushing device and acts on said opening/closing member (15), to open said fuel outlet passage (14).
7. according to each described fuel injection system in the aforementioned claim, wherein, said fuel injection system is a common rail fuel injection system.
8. fuel electric injector (1) according to each described fuel injection system (2) in the aforementioned claim.
9. electronic control unit (11) according to claim 1 or 5 described fuel injection systems (2).
10. software can be loaded into the electronic control unit (11) of fuel injection system (1), and said software is designed to when being performed, and said electronic control unit (11) is become according to claim 1 or 5 described structures.
11. the method that the fuel in the controlling combustion engine sprays, said internal-combustion engine is equipped with fuel injection system (2), and said fuel injection system comprises:
-at least one fuel electric injector (1); And
-electronic control unit (11); Be designed to spray to carry out main fuel to carry out the pilot fuel injection and the second electric order (S2) for said fuel electric injector (1) provides the first electric order (S1) at least in the stage at internal combustion engine fuel injection; The said first electric order and the second electric order (S1; S2) separate with an electric residence time (DT) in time, make that beginning said main fuel sprays (M) and do not interrupt said pilot fuel injection (P);
Said fuel injection control device is characterised in that, comprising:
-give fuel electric injector (1) characteristic; To confirm in the cylinder fuel injection phases; Spray and main fuel injection (P in said pilot fuel; M) the said total amount of fuel (Q) that sprays during, said total amount of fuel is according to the said first electric order and the second electric order (S1, the said electric residence time (DT) between S2) and changing;
-detect as the said first electric order and the second electric order (S1; S2) the said electric residence time (DT) between is changing in the intermediary electrical residence time scope (Z) between the first electric residence time scope and the second electric residence time scope and is beginning said main fuel to spray (M) and do not interrupt said pilot fuel when spraying (P), and whether the variation of said total amount of fuel (Q) is less than the variation in the said first electric residence time scope and the second electric residence time scope; And
If the result of-said inspection is sure, then select the said electric residence time (DT) in the said intermediary electrical residence time scope (Z).
12. fuel injection control device according to claim 11, wherein, in said intermediary electrical residence time scope (Z), said total amount of fuel (V) substantially constant that sprays in the said fuel injection phases.
13. according to claim 11 or 12 described fuel injection control devices; Wherein, In said intermediary electrical residence time scope (Z), in riding motor car engine was used, the said total amount of fuel (V) that said fuel injection phases sprays was no more than 3mm based on the variation of time 40 μ s
3, in the industrial car engine application, the said total amount of fuel that said fuel injection phases sprays is no more than 6mm based on the variation of time 60 μ s
3
14. according to each described fuel injection control device in the claim 11 to 13; Wherein, Said fuel electric injector (1) makes; In said intermediary electrical residence time scope (Z), 1/4th of the variation mostly being changed to of the said total amount of fuel (V) that sprays at said fuel injection phases is in the said first electric residence time scope and the second electric residence time scope.
15. according to each described fuel injection control device in the claim 11 to 14; Wherein, The said first electric order and the second electric order (S1; S2) the said electric residence time (DT) between makes, begin said main fuel and spray (M) and do not interrupt said pilot fuel injection (P), and the injection of said main fuel begins in the moment of said pilot fuel injection end basically.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08425817.7 | 2008-12-29 | ||
| EP08425817A EP2211046B1 (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2008-12-29 | Fuel injection system with high repeatability and stability of operation for an internal-combustion engine |
| PCT/IB2009/007907 WO2010076645A1 (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2009-12-29 | High operation repeatability and stability fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102333947A true CN102333947A (en) | 2012-01-25 |
| CN102333947B CN102333947B (en) | 2015-05-20 |
Family
ID=40635453
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200980157646.8A Expired - Fee Related CN102333947B (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2009-12-29 | High operation repeatability and stability fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine |
| CN2009102607874A Expired - Fee Related CN101769217B (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2009-12-29 | Fuel injection system with high repeatability and stability of operation for an internal-combustion engine |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009102607874A Expired - Fee Related CN101769217B (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2009-12-29 | Fuel injection system with high repeatability and stability of operation for an internal-combustion engine |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (4) | US20120132136A1 (en) |
| EP (2) | EP2211046B1 (en) |
| JP (3) | JP2010156319A (en) |
| KR (2) | KR101223851B1 (en) |
| CN (2) | CN102333947B (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE500411T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE602008005349D1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010076645A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US9140223B2 (en) | 2015-09-22 |
| EP2211046B1 (en) | 2011-03-02 |
| WO2010076645A8 (en) | 2011-03-31 |
| US20120132136A1 (en) | 2012-05-31 |
| DE602008005349D1 (en) | 2011-04-14 |
| EP2373877B1 (en) | 2013-09-18 |
| US20120035832A1 (en) | 2012-02-09 |
| JP2010156319A (en) | 2010-07-15 |
| CN101769217B (en) | 2013-04-10 |
| KR20100080374A (en) | 2010-07-08 |
| ATE500411T1 (en) | 2011-03-15 |
| JP2012514160A (en) | 2012-06-21 |
| JP5361701B2 (en) | 2013-12-04 |
| CN101769217A (en) | 2010-07-07 |
| JP2010156326A (en) | 2010-07-15 |
| WO2010076645A1 (en) | 2010-07-08 |
| US8807116B2 (en) | 2014-08-19 |
| EP2211046A1 (en) | 2010-07-28 |
| KR20110135920A (en) | 2011-12-20 |
| JP5259839B2 (en) | 2013-08-07 |
| US20100162992A1 (en) | 2010-07-01 |
| EP2373877A1 (en) | 2011-10-12 |
| US20100186708A1 (en) | 2010-07-29 |
| KR101396261B1 (en) | 2014-05-19 |
| CN102333947B (en) | 2015-05-20 |
| KR101223851B1 (en) | 2013-01-17 |
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