Stride yardstick micron-nano scale in-situ three-point bending mechanical property test platform
Technical field
The present invention relates to the in-situ mechanical field tests, particularly a kind of yardstick micron-nano scale in-situ three-point bending mechanical property test platform of striding.Can be when sample being carried out the three-point bending loading; With the microdeformation of micro-imaging instruments such as Electronic Speculum (like scanning electron microscope SEM, transmission electron microscope TEM, scanning probe microscopy SPM etc.) to sample in the loading procedure, damage and fracture process are implemented in-situ monitoring; Also can load repeatedly, sample carried out online observation with micro-imaging instruments such as Electronic Speculum to sample; Can realize collection, control and conversion to load/displacement signal, for accurately working sample is at mechanical characteristic under the micro-nano-scale and the microdeformation of announcement sample under the three-point bending effect, Damage and Fracture mechanism provides new test mode.
Background technology
The in-situ mechanical test is meant under the micro-/ nano yardstick to be carried out in the process of Mechanics Performance Testing material for test; Through the microdeformation that instruments such as optical microscope, electron microscope and atomic force microscope take place material and goods thereof under the various loadings, omnidistance dynamically a kind of mechanical test means of on-line monitoring are carried out in damage.This technology has disclosed the correlativity rule between size, kind and the material property of mechanical behavior, micromechanism of damage and load of various types of materials and goods thereof from microcosmic point.In the category of many micro nanometer mechanics performance tests; Parameters such as elastic modulus, shear modulus, bending modulus, hardness, break limit are the topmost tested objects in little member mechanical property testing; A variety of method of testings have been produced to these mechanical quantities; Like nano impress/cut, stretching/compression method, shearing method, torsional technique, bending method and eardrum method etc.; More comprehensively reaction material or the mechanical characteristic of goods under bending condition of original position three-point bending method of testing wherein, and can measure important mechanics parameters such as material bending modulus, yield limit and fracture strength more intuitively; Through repeated multiple times material or goods are carried out three-point bending loads and unloading, also can reflect the anti-fatigue performance of sample to a certain extent.
Currently still be in the junior stage for original position three-point bending Research of measuring; Concrete manifestation is following: the cavity space of (1) scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscope and transmission electron microscope etc. is very limited; To such an extent as to the research of present majority all concentrates on micro-/ nano yardstick material and structure and is the basis; Atomic minor structures such as nanotube, nano wire and membraneous material are carried out on the simple in-situ nano extension test; Lack further investigation, thereby seriously fettered academia the Micromechanics behavior of large-size element and the further investigation of Damage and Fracture mechanism to the trans-scale in-situ micro-/ nano Mechanics Performance Testing of macro-size (membraneous material or three-dimensional test specimen); (2) from surveying instrument, mainly to wear crooked charger material and goods thereof are carried out the Mechanics Performance Testing of original position micro-/ nano by means of business-like scanning electron microscope (SEM), this method exists cost of equipment expensive; Test specification is limited; Characteristics such as content measurement is outmoded, to compact conformation, measurement range is adjustable; Rare the mentioning of original position three-point bending proving installation that content measurement is various greatly restricted going deep into and development of research;
Before the three-point bending mechanical property measuring technology was used in position, bending test generally was to the test of offing normal of material and goods thereof with large-scale Apparatus for Bending at low-temp.Testing machine loads sample with uniform rate according to relevant criterion; Draw load-deflection curve by testing machine; And then obtain stress-strain curve under the loading; Therefore, initial Apparatus for Bending at low-temp is after material is bent to the angle or fracture of regulation, draws the mechanics parameters such as elastic modulus, yield limit, break limit of material.What the conventional bending testing machine was directed against mostly is the grand material yardstick of large scale test specimen, does not relate to the mechanical property research of sample micro-nano-scale category, does not also relate to the original position online observation under the high resolving power micro imaging system.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of yardstick micron-nano scale in-situ three-point bending mechanical property test platform of striding, solved that expensive, volume that present technology exists are big, complex structure, Heavy Weight, measuring accuracy is low and problem such as poor compatibility.The present invention has that volume is little, in light weight, rigidity is high, compact conformation, measuring accuracy are high; And can utilize microdeformation and the Damage and Fracture processes of imaging system on-line monitoring macroscopic view test specimen under loading such as electron microscope; Characteristics such as available content measurement is abundant; Can obtain the important mechanics parameters such as bending modulus, yield limit and fracture strength of material through the test of original position three-point bending; Also can through repeated multiple times material or goods are carried out three-point bending loads and unloading, reflect the anti-fatigue performance of sample to a certain extent.Microdeformation, damage and fracture process to material are implemented the original position on-line monitoring, for disclosing mechanical characteristic and the Damage and Fracture mechanism of material under micro-nano-scale new proving installation are provided.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention realizes through following technical scheme:
Stride yardstick micron-nano scale in-situ three-point bending mechanical property test platform; Comprise accurate driver element, transmission and performance element, signal controlling and detecting unit, connection and support unit; Described accurate driver element, transmission and performance element are: brushless servomotor 33 is connected with one-level worm screw 37 through corrugated tube spring coupling 35; And the first-stage worm gear worm transmission pair through being made up of one-level worm screw 37 and first-stage worm gear 4 is connected with second-stage worm axle 1; The second-stage worm gear worm transmission pair of forming through second-stage worm cover I, II 3,27 and second-stage worm gear I, II 2,28 again is connected with precision ball screw I, II 13,18 respectively, and further is connected with tup 12 through square nut I, II 7,22; Wherein brushless servomotor 33 is fastenedly connected with motor flange dish 34, and motor flange dish 34 is fixedly connected with platform base 19; Bellows coupling 35 is rigidly connected with motor output shaft and one-level worm shaft 37 respectively, and this one-level worm screw 37 is fixed on the platform base 19 through one-level worm shaft bearing 36, register pin and sunk screw with the one-level worm drive assembly that the one-level worm bearing is formed; Second-stage worm axle 1 is connected through interference fit with side plate II, I 24,31 dead eyes respectively with the second-stage worm transmission component that the second-stage worm bearing is formed; First-stage worm gear 4 and second-stage worm gear I, II 2,28 are rigidly connected with one-level worm screw 37 and precision ball screw I, II 13,18 respectively; Second-stage worm cover I, II 3,27 are rigidly connected with second-stage worm axle 1 respectively; Leading screw stiff end I, the II 5,25 of precision ball screw I, II 13,18 are connected with platform base 19, and leading screw support end 16 is connected with platform base 19; Square nut I, II 7,22 are rigidly connected with feed screw nut I, II 6,23 respectively; Force transducer 11 is threaded with force transducer web member 10 and tup 12 respectively, and fastening through nut; The performance element that force transducer 11, force transducer web member 10 and tup 12 are formed is located by connecting through holding screw and sunk screw and square nut I, II 7,22.
Described signal controlling and detecting unit comprise force transducer 11 and photoelectric encoder 32, and this force transducer 11 is threaded with force transducer web member 10 and tup 12 respectively, and fastening through nut.
Described connection and support unit comprise T type groove 15, supporting member I, II 14,17 and auxiliary support plate; This T type groove 15 is fixed on the leading screw support end 16; Supporting member I, II 14,17 move to the span of testing requirements in this T type groove 15 after; Fastening through T type bolt, nut and T type groove 15, auxiliary support plate places in the slit of supporting member I, II 14,17.
One side of described square nut I, II 7,22 is a groove shape.
Described leading screw stiff end I, II 5,25 are assembled with an end interference of guide pole I, II 8,21 respectively; The other end of this guide pole I, II 8,21 is installed in respectively in guide pole supporting seat I, the II 9,20; And through screws clamp, the finishing hole interference fit on linear bearing 30 and square nut I, the II 7,22.
Described side plate II, I 24,31 are separately fixed on the saddle 29, and these saddle 29 inclined-planes become certain angle adjustable (0 ~ 90 °) with the bottom surface, and these saddle 29 bottoms are provided with collet support bar 26, and the ear seat through both sides is fixed on the objective table of micro-imaging instrument.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: compared with prior art; Volume of the present invention is little, in light weight, rigidity is high, compact conformation, measuring accuracy high; Available content measurement is abundant; Can be compatible with the article carrying platform of various electron microscope vacuum cavities, also can use with imaging devices such as atomic force microscope, Raman spectrometer, X-ray diffractometer, optical microscope are compatible, have wide range of applications; Can carry out the trans-scale in-situ mechanical test to macroscopical test specimen of various materials and goods; And can realize continuously, intermittence etc. multiple load mode, to material and goods thereof bending load under microdeformation carry out dynamic online observation, machine-processed to disclose mechanical behavior and the Damage and Fracture of material under micro-nano-scale.Through the synchronous detection of load/displacement signal, in conjunction with the related software algorithm, match generates the stress-strain diagram under the bending load effect automatically, and is practical.
In sum, the present invention has important theory directive significance and good application development prospect to enriching original position micro nanometer mechanics performance test content and the development that promotes material mechanical performance measuring technology and equipment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is another perspective view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 looks synoptic diagram for the right side of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a schematic top plan view of the present invention.
Among the figure:
1, second-stage worm axle 2, second-stage worm gear I 3, second-stage worm cover I 4, first-stage worm gear 5, leading screw stiff end I
6, feed screw nut I 7, square nut I 8, guide pole I 9, guide pole supporting base I 10, force transducer web member 11, force transducer 12, tup 13, precision ball screw I 14, supporting member I 15, T type groove
16, leading screw support end 17, supporting member II 18, precision ball screw II 19, platform base 20, guide pole supporting base II 21, guide pole II 22, square nut II 23, feed screw nut II 24, side plate II 25, leading screw stiff end II
26, collet support bar II 27, second-stage worm cover nail II 28, second-stage worm gear II 29, saddle 30, linear bearing 31, side plate I 32, photoelectric encoder 33, DC servo-motor 34, motor flange dish
35, bellows coupling 36, one-level worm screw supporting seat 37, one-level worm screw.
Embodiment
Further specify detailed content of the present invention and embodiment thereof below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 4; The yardstick micron-nano scale in-situ three-point bending mechanical property test platform of striding of the present invention comprises accurate driver element, transmission and performance element, signal controlling and detecting unit, connection and support unit; Described accurate driver element, transmission and performance element are by brushless servomotor 33 power output to be provided; Brushless servomotor 33 is connected with one-level worm screw 37 through corrugated tube spring coupling 35; And through by one-level worm screw 37 and be fastened on the first-stage worm gear worm transmission pair that the first-stage worm gear 4 on the second-stage worm axle 1 formed and be connected with second-stage worm axle 1; Power is reached on the second-stage worm axle 1; Again through be fastened on second-stage worm cover I, II 3,27 and the second-stage worm gear I on the second-stage worm axle 1, the second-stage worm gear worm transmission pair that II 2,28 is formed is connected with precision ball screw I, II 13,18 respectively; With transmission of power to precision ball screw I, II 13,18 places, and further be connected with tup 12, drive the accurate straight reciprocating motion of tup 12 outputs through square nut I, II 7,22; Wherein brushless servomotor 33 is fastenedly connected through motor trip bolt and motor flange dish 34, and motor flange dish 34 directly is fixedly connected with platform base 19 through holding screw; Bellows coupling 35 is rigidly connected with motor output shaft and one-level worm shaft 37 respectively through holding screw, and this one-level worm screw 37 accurately is fixed on the platform base 19 through one-level worm shaft bearing 36, register pin and sunk screw with the one-level worm drive assembly that the one-level worm bearing is formed; Second-stage worm axle 1 is connected through interference fit with side plate II, I 24,31 dead eyes respectively with the second-stage worm transmission component that the second-stage worm bearing is formed; First-stage worm gear 4 and second-stage worm gear I, II 2,28 are rigidly connected through worm gear attachment screw and one-level worm screw 37 and precision ball screw I, II 13,18 respectively; Second-stage worm cover I, II 3,27 are rigidly connected with second-stage worm axle 1 respectively through the worm screw attachment screw; The leading screw stiff end I of precision ball screw I, II 13,18, II 5,25 are connected with platform base 19 through sunk screw, and leading screw support end 16 accurately is located by connecting through register pin, sunk screw and platform base 19; Square nut I, II 7,22 are rigidly connected with feed screw nut I, II 6,23 respectively through trip bolt; Force transducer 11 is threaded with force transducer web member 10 and tup 12 respectively, and fastening through nut; The performance element that force transducer 11, force transducer web member 10 and tup 12 are formed is located by connecting through holding screw and sunk screw and square nut I, II 7,22.
Described signal controlling and detecting unit comprise force transducer 11 and photoelectric encoder 32, can provide to the pulse/direction control model of DC servo-motor 33 to comprise that rate of displacement control, power rate controlled, rate of deformation are controlled at three kinds of interior digital-to-analog feedback signal sources; This force transducer 11 is threaded with force transducer web member 10 and tup 12 respectively, and fastening through nut; This force transducer 11 receive force direction consistent with the flexible direction of standard specimen under loading, with synchronism and the accuracy that guarantees that load/displacement signal detects.
Described connection and support unit comprise T type groove 15, supporting member I, II 14,17 and auxiliary support plate; This T type groove 15 is fixed on the leading screw support end 16; Supporting member I, II 14,17 move to the span of testing requirements in this T type groove 15 after; Fastening through T type bolt, nut and T type groove 15, according to different requirement, can pass through this supporting member I, II 14,17 and in this T type groove 15, move the original position three-point bending mechanical property test that realizes the different spans of sample; Auxiliary support plate places in the slit of supporting member I, II 14,17; Standard specimen is placed on the auxiliary support plate,, realize preparatory contact of standard specimen and supporting member I, II 14,17 through prestrain.
One side of described square nut I, II 7,22 is a groove shape; Can adjust the asynchronous problem between two square nuts that cause owing to foozle through in groove, adding the standard shim liner, thereby the actual loaded direction that has guaranteed tup 12 is consistent with theoretical loading direction.
Described leading screw stiff end I, II 5,25 are assembled with an end interference of guide pole I, II 8,21 respectively; The other end of this guide pole I, II 8,21 is installed in respectively in guide pole supporting seat I, the II 9,20; And pass through screws clamp; Finishing hole interference fit on linear bearing (30) and square nut I, the II 7,22; Can guarantee in whole test process in the error allowed band that leading screw square nut I, II 7,22 can not produce owing to the existence of load topples or turn on one's side phenomenon.
Described side plate II, I 24,31 are separately fixed on the saddle 29 through holding screw; These saddle 29 inclined-planes become certain angle adjustable (0 ~ 90 °) with the bottom surface; These saddle 29 bottoms are provided with collet support bar 26, and the ear seat through both sides is fixed on the objective table of micro-imaging instruments such as Electronic Speculum.Thereby micro-imaging instruments such as assurance test specimen entering Electronic Speculum is within sweep of the eye clear.