CN102313678A

CN102313678A - High-temperature Vickers hardness meter

Info

Publication number: CN102313678A
Application number: CN2010102221123A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 魏道全
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-06-30
Filing date: 2010-06-30
Publication date: 2012-01-11

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-temperature Vickers hardness meter, which belongs to the field of measurement of the hardness of a material and can be used for measuring the Vickers hardness of metal, ceramic and other materials at high temperature. In the specific technical scheme, a special Vickers hardness meter is combined with a high-temperature furnace protected by vacuum gases, so that the hardness of the material can be detected accurately when the material is under vacuum high-temperature conditions or high-temperature conditions with gas protection (with the maximum temperature being about 1600 DEG C).

Description

The high temperature Vickers

Technical field

The invention belongs to the hardness measurement field of material, can under hot conditions, (100-1600 ℃) measure the Vickers hardness numbers of various types of materials under this temperature such as metal and pottery.

Background technology

At present, all measure metal and nonmetallic sclerometer all makes an experiment at normal temperatures, can't measure the hardness under the hot conditions.But in practical application, particularly under the situation of other conditions harshnesses such as Aero-Space and high-speed flight device, we need know the hardness of material under hot conditions.A lot of materials are under hot conditions, and its hardness and other performances change a lot, and its normal temperature hardness can not be represented high temperature hardness.Whether the high temperature hardness of test material just can accurately be understood this material and be adapted at using under the hot conditions, security and reliability that ability powerful guarantee material uses.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the not problem of energy measurement high temperature hardness of existing sclerometer, the present invention provides a kind of new instrument---high temperature Vickers.Let material in vacuum and have under the hot conditions of gas shield (maximum temperature reaches about 1600 ℃), detect the hardness of material accurately.

The high temperature Vickers adopts the Vickers hardness principle, and sample adds thermal recovery and measures the special high-temperature vacuum furnace of hardness, can make the value that specimen temperature reaches rapidly to be needed, thereby measure the hardness number under this temperature.The high temperature furnace volume is little, can merge each other with high-precision sclerometer, is convenient to control, is convenient to heated sample, energy-conserving and environment-protective.

High temperature furnace is furnished with professional vacuum pump and argon gas (inert protective gas).Yin Wendu is too high to cause sample and gauge head oxidation in order to avoid, thereby changes the original hardness of sample, influences measuring accuracy, and we charge into argon gas then and carry out atmosphere protection being pumped into high vacuum in the stove.Our temperature can be controlled at about 1600 ℃ like this.Gauge head stretches into body of heater inside with the gauge head of special pyrometry with resistant to elevated temperatures extension rod.Extension rod and body of heater have special coupling arrangement again, have both guaranteed the impermeability of high temperature furnace, can conduct test power accurately again.

High temperature hardness has very unique and unique status undoubtedly in many material properties tests, its special test is directly to relate to simultaneously international parameter system (like mechanics, area, time, electric energy, temperature etc.) commonly used.In other words, its principle has contained many iso standard units, under the condition an of necessity, needs enough conditions to remove to set up a hardness relation.About high temperature hardness, most basic condition is the diffusion system that we need set up the relevant opening of a commercial Application level, and special feature need to be scale of hardness and sample and calibrated bolck to detect scleroscopic precision repeatedly.

Because hardness test is a destructive test, single method of testing can't obtain the accurate hardness number of same sample in different condition, so need go to measure the material hardness under the different condition with different modes, Here it is our high temperature hardness have power.Except iso standard, this instrument also relates to many standards, and different regulations are arranged in country variant standard and industry standard, needs the client when ordering, to specialize.

This instrument can be measured the Vickers hardness from normal temperature to high temperature, the most suitable high temperature hardness that is used for identifying new materials such as heating resisting metal material, ceramic.

High temperature furnace: high temperature furnace is to be connected with axial region and the whirligig that can observe test portion, is the sealing heating chamber that has the mobile device of sample heating arrangement and sample heating part.

Heating environment: at first make to be heated to temperature requiredly in the high temperature furnace, measure hardness then.

Test method: the axial region of high temperature furnace is to make the stove free lifting when in keeping stove, sealing, and can apply test power from sample in the export-oriented stove of stove.And the test power that outside stove, applies depends on Vickers with the control of test power.

Test power adds the conversion of unloading and sample impression test: will be installed on the pressure head registration coupon position on the swivel plate of high temperature furnace top; Carry out load or unload; Then view window is rotated to the test portion position, carry out the cornerwise mensuration of impression and read Vickers hardness number by CCD.

Taking off the substituted type that can be used as Vickers pyramid hardness testing machine behind the high temperature furnace uses.

Functional characteristics:

This instrument adopts lever counterweight type to load the static mechanical test philosophy that mechanical system can satisfy hardness, and the counterweight carriage is driven by precision electric motor, realizes adding unloading control automatically, and the accurate refractive light paths of Zeiss, Germany system can obtain high-resolution light path interface.Giant-screen LCD touch-screen makes all operations simple and clear, and digital eyepiece can be measured the length of impression automatically, and visual field resolution reaches 0.01 micron, can realize continuous coverage from animal platform and related software, and the logic menu can directly show hardness gradient.

Operate the error that reason causes for eliminating, the automatic measurement system that this apparatus preparation is special, and on power value and temperature control system, mutually combine each other.

System forms

1, impression manufacturing system (main frame):

This is a core in the sclerometer holonomic system, relates generally to Mechanics Performance Testing, and load time and hold time all need accurately control.

This instrument adopts lever counterweight principle, and strengthens the instrument rigidity with C font structure, and closes the influence between temperature and the test force with limited technical parameter analysis-by-synthesis technology deallocation.

This instrument adopts the power value to cover mechanism in good time, and at first lever and counterweight do not have fierce the impact between loading and unloading, have overload protection function simultaneously.Transform between the power value and can realize automatic conversion, very convenient, and loading velocity is adjustable.

2, measuring unit

This unit is to be used for control and operating instrument is realized measuring process, setup parameter, obtains temperature parameter, starts test, obtains impression image and measuring and calculating hardness number etc., and this system comprises;

1) brand computer, minimalist configuration is following:

Realized man-machine conversation by computer-controlled ccd image disposal system; He with impression through special-purpose hardness test software collection to computing machine; Carry out the impression Flame Image Process by computing machine; The calculating of cornerwise measurement, hardness number, demonstration, data analysis statistics, and can print with report form, test data can derive with file mode.

3) temperature control unit:

High temperature furnace

High temperature furnace adopts the built-in calandria of high-performance, and programming rate is fast, it is sensitive to regulate, precision is high, temperature stabilization, and the temperature work bigger expansion of having reached the standard grade is adopted the PID temperature controller, dependable performance, easy to use.

Temperature control	The digital temperature accommodometer is equivalent to the driving PID automatic control mode of DP-1110-00 SCR (this machine may command heats up and can not control cooling)
		Heater line	Tungsten filament
The thermopair specification	3 built-in thermopairs
		Power supply	Maximum consumption power 1.6kW
Design	Annular furnace, the heating of stove silk is adopted in the periphery heating
		Temperature range	Temperature can reach 1600 ℃, firing rate: 50 ℃/min
Temperature control	Independent control, control accuracy :+/-1 ℃
		The body of heater size	Outside: diameter: 200mm; Highly: 180mm inner chamber: diameter: 75mm; Highly: 80mm
Weight	10kg

The high temperature furnace controller

Measurement/range of control	1600℃
		Temperature test	Arbitrarily
Temperature survey/control accuracy	Warm area is independently controlled, precision :+/-1 ℃

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment this patent is further specified.

Fig. 1 is the front elevation of this invention, and wherein (1) is the Vickers main frame, (2) heat-resisting connecting rod, and (3) are high temperature Vickers pressure heads, and (4) are high temperature furnaces, and (5) are high temperature resistant lifting supports, and (6) are the main frame bases

Embodiment:

By high temperature furnace (4) workpiece in the body of heater is heated among Fig. 1, arrive when temperature required, Vickers main frame (1) startup work, high temperature Vickers pressure head (3) and heat-resisting connecting rod (2) descend, and go deep in the body of heater (4) workpiece is carried out the Vickers hardness test.

Claims

1. special Vickers, on common scleroscopic basis, the sludge proof sapphire pressure head that configuration can be worked under 1600 ℃ high temperature; And the sapphire pressure head can go deep into the body of heater inside of the high temperature furnace on the worktable when work; Workpiece is applied the pressure of Vickers hardness, make the Vickers impression, and can measure the diagonal line of the inner Vickers impression of body of heater; Directly draw Vickers hardness number, accomplish the hardness measurement of material under hot conditions.

2. high temperature Vickers according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: configuration prevents the sapphire pressure head and the high temperature resistant connecting rod of high-temperature oxydation; Configuration extraordinary vacuum of sealing and argon shield high temperature furnace; According to the Vickers standard sample is made impression, thereby and measure the impression diagonal line and obtain the Vickers hardness number under the hot conditions.

3. high temperature Vickers according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the high temperature furnace course of work, and its sealing position can not have influence on the power value precision that sclerometer applies sample with the connecting rod zerofriction force.

4. high temperature Vickers according to claim 1, high temperature furnace is first vacuumizing before heating, and the inert gas injecting protection is to prevent sample and the oxidation of high temperature Vickers gauge head.

5. high temperature Vickers according to claim 1, the thermopair of high temperature furnace, power supply and blanket gas are imported from bottom of furnace body, and bell can directly be tested the Vickers impression when opening.