A kind of H type power chassis with adjustment crack, ground and wheelspan function
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of power chassis, belong to the Vehicle Engineering field, is a kind of H type power chassis with adjustment crack, ground and wheelspan function specifically.
Background technology
Existing car chassis is made up of driving engine, power-transfer clutch, change speed gear box, diff, wheel usually; Wherein, The power of transmitting set is sent to diff at last through power-transfer clutch, change speed gear box, transmission shaft, thereby drives left and right wheels for the left and right sides semiaxis power distribution by diff.
Wherein, when diff is installed between automobile two front-wheels, when power is distributed to automobile two front-wheels through left and right sides semiaxis, be referred to as f-w-d.When diff is installed between automobile two trailing wheels, when power is distributed to automobile two trailing wheels through left and right sides semiaxis, be referred to as back-wheel drive.Also have in the automobile front and back wheel diff all is installed, through two difies power is distributed to two front-wheels and two trailing wheels through left and right sides semiaxis respectively, this kind is referred to as four wheel drive (all-wheel drive).
F-w-d is because front-wheel is a drive wheel, and obstacle climbing ability is high.Most of medium and small cars have all adopted this drive form at present.Physical construction is simple, the engine radiating condition is good, and interior space is big, easy to be arranged, has alleviated complete vehicle weight, relatively practices thrift gasoline, repairs also very convenient.Its shortcoming is: because front-wheel is born the work that turns to and drive simultaneously, high stability is relatively poor, and drive wheel is prone to skid during upward slope, is prone to during the high speed descending overturn.Cross when curved anterior center of gravity because of inertia forward, centnifugal force is bigger, so just tangentially be thrown out of, breaks through the traction of front-wheel easily, breaks away.And has a tangible understeering.
The mode of back-wheel drive be front and back wheel Each performs its own functions, turns to and be driven apart, so high stability is good, the vehicle hill climbing ability is strong.The shortcoming of this drive form is: rear-axle load is heavy, makes automobile have the tendency of negative understeer, and front-wheel adhesive ability is little; Turn to instability when running at high speed; And relative higher assembling and the manufacturing cost of f-w-d, more fault, narrow and small relatively interior space or the like.
All-wheel driven vehicle all is a drive wheel by whole wheels, has made full use of whole quality of adhering to of automobile, so automobile has bigger propulsive effort and obstacle negotiation, prevents the ability of skidding.So cross country car generally all adopts this master layout form.And because the all-wheel powered automobile has bigger propulsive effort, accelerating ability is good; Also one after another adopt all-wheel drive to serve car and automobile wagon the eighties in 20 century; Become so-called " sports utility vehicle (SUV) ", receive that many U.S. are youthful to be liked, formed " 4WD " upsurge.But, the all-wheel powered complex structure, cost is high, and consumption of fuel is big when on good road, travelling, and tire and machine members are big.
Above-mentioned three kinds of type of drive for, when single wheel skidded, because the existence of diff, the wheel that skids changeed faster and faster, the opposite side wheel changes slower and slower, makes drive axle forfeiture propulsive effort, causes vehicle to travel.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem; The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of H type power chassis with adjustment crack, ground and wheelspan function; Improved the through performance of vehicle under rugged pavement conditions; Can guarantee that when rugged road traveling four wheels land simultaneously; Can better adapt to ground, keep the stable of vehicle body.
Wherein, Driving gear in the auxiliary gear box that the left output shaft of diff and right output shaft are formed with drg and by driving gear, preceding driven gear and back driven gear respectively successively links to each other; Preceding driven gear in each auxiliary gear box, back driven gear all mesh with driving gear; Preceding driven gear, back driven gear are connected with a castellated shaft respectively, and two castellated shafts are positioned at the chassis homonymy; Be socketed with rocking arm on each castellated shaft respectively, two rocking arms are positioned at the chassis homonymy, and the chain wheel driving mechanism of being made up of drive sprocket, chain and driving chain wheel is installed in each rocking arm; Wherein, be connected through chain gear between drive sprocket and driving chain wheel; Two drive sprocket axles in two rocking arms upwards have female splines, match with two castellated shafts, and two drive sprockets are socketed in respectively on two castellated shafts, and each driving chain wheel links to each other with wheel through axletree respectively; Two castellated shafts pass to two drive sprockets respectively with power, and two drive sprockets pass to two driving chain wheels through chain respectively with power, and two transmission gears power the most at last pass to two wheels of homonymy respectively.
Two relative ends of rocking arm are connected with gear A and gear B respectively, gear A and gear B engagement; Rocking arm arranged outside between two castellated shafts of said chassis homonymy has rocker arm bonnet, and the relative end place with two rocking arms that are positioned at the chassis homonymy of rocker arm bonnet is coupling, and two rocking arms are rotated with respect to rocker arm bonnet.The top of rocker arm bonnet is equipped with hydraulic actuating cylinder, and the flexible end of hydraulic actuating cylinder is fixed on the rocking arm in homonymy two rocking arms.The outside at rocker arm bonnet is equipped with feed screw nut, and the leading screw in the feed screw nut links to each other with motor.When automobile was advanced on rugged road surface, the flexible end through the modulated pressure cylinder elongates or shortens to be regulated angle between two rocking arms of homonymy, the requirement of crack, stronghold height, and the rocking arm that drives homonymy rotates relatively, plays the effect in crack, adjustment ground.
The outside at rocker arm bonnet is equipped with feed screw nut; Leading screw in the feed screw nut links to each other with motor; Thus through the rotation of motor direct-drive leading screw; Leading screw rotates with respect to feed screw nut; During the leading screw rotation, make feed screw nut produce straight-line motion, move axially along two castellated shafts thereby drive two rocking arms through rocker arm bonnet; Realize the change of both sides, chassis between-wheel spacing, can make vehicle can adapt to rugged potted road surface.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, H type power chassis of the present invention adopts H type power transmission; Be positioned at the driven gear transmitting torque of the wheel of homonymy through auxiliary gear box; The front and back wheel transmitting ratio is identical; When having only a wheel, the homonymy wheel skids; When skidding does not take place in another wheel; This type of drive of the present invention can make major part even whole torque pass to non-slip wheel; And the adhesive ability that makes full use of this wheel produces enough propulsive efforts; Make automobile start to walk smoothly or continue to travel, improved the through performance of vehicle under rugged pavement conditions.
2, H type power chassis of the present invention because left and right sides rocking arm can relatively rotate, can guarantee that four wheels all can land simultaneously on various road surfaces, improve the crossing ability of vehicle on rugged road surface.Have the incomparable advantage of other various vehicles, adapt to the mountain region, rugged ground-surface such as hills travels.
3, H type power chassis of the present invention through the variation of angle between each rocking arm, can be adjusted the ground Clearance on chassis; Make vehicle adapt to different working environments and job requirement: pavement conditions is good; Can reduce the crack, ground, vehicle's center of gravity is descended, improve the ride comfort and the crossing ability of vehicle; The road surface is rugged, when big obstacle is arranged, improves the crack, ground, makes vehicle have good obstacle climbing ability.
4, H type power chassis of the present invention is through the effect of body gesture adjustment connecting rod; Can guarantee that the vehicle body plane is vertical with two rocking arm angle bisectors all the time, play the effect of body gesture adjustment, keep the stable of vehicle body; Prevent that vehicle from turning on one's side, improve the through performance of vehicle.
5, H type power chassis of the present invention is applied widely, can be used in the traveling gear of the military-civil vehicle in full region, mobile robot and various special equipment mobile platforms, like dune buggy, beach car etc.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a H type power chassis structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is for connecting scheme drawing between homonymy two rocking arms among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is for connecting partial enlarged drawing between homonymy two rocking arms among the present invention;
Fig. 4 connects scheme drawing for feed screw nut among the present invention;
Fig. 5 is connecting rod adjusting mechanism scheme of installation among the present invention;
Fig. 6 is auxiliary gear box and connecting rod adjusting mechanism scheme of installation among the present invention;
Fig. 7 is drg and connecting rod adjusting mechanism scheme of installation among the present invention.
Among the figure:
1-chassis 2-driving engine 3-power-transfer clutch 4-change speed gear box
5-diff 6-auxiliary gear box 7-chain wheel driving mechanism 8-wheel
9-drg 10-castellated shaft 11-guide rail 12-baffle plate
13-supporting seat 14-rocking arm 15-rocker arm bonnet 16-feed screw nut
17-motor 18-gear A 19-gear B 20-adjusts connecting rod mechanism
21-hydraulic actuating cylinder 401-input shaft 402-output shaft 501-driven wheel of differential
Driven gear before the right output shaft 601-of the 502-left side output shaft 503-driving gear 602-
Driven gear 701-drive sprocket 702-chain 703-driving chain wheel behind the 603-
16a-leading screw 20a-first connecting rod 20b-second connecting rod 20c-third connecting rod
The 20d-first ball pivot 20e-second ball pivot 20f-the 3rd ball pivot 20g-the 4th ball pivot
20h-the 5th ball pivot
The specific embodiment
A kind of H type of the present invention power chassis comprises chassis 1 and is arranged on The One On The Chassis driving engine 2, power-transfer clutch 3, change speed gear box 4, diff 5, auxiliary gear box 6, chain wheel driving mechanism 7 and wheel 8, as shown in Figure 1.Its drive path is: driving engine 2-change speed gear box 4-diff 5-auxiliary gear box 6-chain wheel driving mechanism 7-wheel 8.
Wherein, driving engine 2 is positioned at the front portion on chassis 1, and driving engine 2 is connected with power-transfer clutch 3, and power-transfer clutch 3 is connected with the input shaft 401 of change speed gear box 4, and drive bevel gear 403 meshes with the driven wheel of differential 501 of diff 5 on the output shaft 402 of change speed gear box 4.Driving engine 2 arrives power in diff 5 behind change speed gear box 4.Said power-transfer clutch 3 is used for making driving engine 2 and change speed gear box 4 temporarily to separate and engages gradually, to cut off or to transmit the power of driving engine 2 to change speed gear box 4 inputs.The left output shaft 502 and the right output shaft 503 of diff 5 spread out of power respectively to 1 left side, chassis and right side both direction.
The left output shaft 502 of differential mechanism 5 is identical with parts and connected mode that right output shaft 503 is connected; 503 attaching parts of right output shaft and connected mode with differential mechanism 5 describes below: the right output shaft 503 of differential mechanism 5 is connected with the brake drum of brake 9 and the driving gear 601 in the transfer case 6 successively; Preceding driven gear 602 in the transfer case 6 meshes with driving gear 601 respectively with back driven gear 603; Preceding driven gear 602 is fixed with a splined shaft 10 with external splines respectively with back driven gear 603; Each splined shaft 10 is socketed on the guide rail 11 on parallel and a chassis 1; The two ends of every guide rail 11 all are connected with baffle plate 12; Realize that by baffle plate 12 guide rails 11 are in the location of splined shaft 10 on axially; By guide rail the drive sprocket 701 in transfer case (comprising preceding driven gear and back driven gear in the transfer case), rocking arm 14 and the chain wheel driving mechanism 7 is played a supporting role, and can realize transfer case 6 and rocking arm 14 location 12 of 11 liang of end-stopping plates of guide rail.The right output shaft 503 of diff 5 is power transmission gear 602 and final drive gear 603 before driving gear 601 passes to respectively, thereby passes to two castellated shafts 10 through preceding transmission gear 602 with final drive gear 602.On two castellated shafts 10 respectively movable sleeve be connected to the right side that 14, two rocking arms 14 of a rocking arm are positioned at chassis 1.
Be provided with by drive sprocket 701 chain wheel driving mechanism 7 that chain 702 and driving chain wheel 703 are formed in the said rocking arm 14.Wherein, 703 of drive sprocket 701 and driving chain wheels link to each other through chain 702, and drive sprocket 701 can drive driving chain wheel 703 through chain 702 and rotate.
Captive joint and being located on the same line between two rocking arms 14 of chassis 1 homonymy.Two driving chain wheels 703 link to each other with wheel 8 through axletree 801 respectively.Female splines structure on drive sprocket 701 in two rocking arms 14 has axially; Be actively socketed on the castellated shaft 10; Cooperatively interact through the female splines of drive sprocket 701 and the male splines of castellated shaft 10; Make two castellated shafts 10 that power is passed to two drive sprockets 701 respectively; Two drive sprockets 701 through chain 702 with power pass to respectively 703, two driving chain wheels 703 of two driving chain wheels the most at last power pass to two wheels 8 of homonymy respectively.Driven gear 602 and back driven gear 603 are to the both sides of homonymy wheel 8 transmitting torques before having realized in each auxiliary gear box 6 through said structure; Make that front and back wheel 8 transmitting ratios are identical; When 8 one of homonymy wheels skid; When skidding does not take place in another wheel 8; Make major part even whole torque pass to non-slip wheel 8; And the adhesive ability that makes full use of this wheel 8 produces enough propulsive efforts; Make automobile start to walk smoothly or continue to travel, improved the through performance of vehicle under rugged pavement conditions.
Like Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, among the present invention, two rocking arms 14 of an end that are positioned at drive sprocket 701 place of chassis 1 homonymy are connected gear A 18 and gear B 19 engagements respectively with gear A 18 and gear B 19.Rocking arm 14 arranged outside between two castellated shafts 10 of chassis 1 homonymy have rocker arm bonnet 15; Said rocker arm bonnet 15 is made up of two side plate 15a and a top board 15b; Two side plate 15a flexibly connect with the both sides of two rocking arms 14 of homonymy respectively; Top board 15b is positioned at two rocking arm 14 tops of homonymy, and is connected between biside plate 15a.Hydraulic actuating cylinder 21 is installed on the top board 15b; The flexible end of hydraulic actuating cylinder 21 is fixed on the rocking arm 14 in homonymy two rocking arms 14; Flexible end through hydraulic actuating cylinder 21 makes gear A 18 and gear B 19 not rotate to the resistance of rocking arm 14, thereby realizes 14 relative fixed of two rocking arms.When automobile is advanced on rugged road surface; Flexible end through modulated pressure cylinder 21 elongates or shortens to be regulated 14 angles of two rocking arms of homonymy; The requirement of crack, stronghold height, two rocking arms 14 that drive homonymy rotate relatively, play the effect in crack, adjustment ground.Can adjust the ground Clearance of car chassis, make vehicle adapt to different working environments and job requirement: pavement conditions is good, can reduce the crack, ground, and vehicle's center of gravity is descended, and improves the ride comfort and the crossing ability of vehicle; The road surface is rugged, when big obstacle is arranged, improves the crack, ground, makes vehicle have good obstacle climbing ability.This shows; Automobile can remain four-wheel when on rugged road surface, advancing and land simultaneously, has the good ride comfort on rugged ground cross-country traveling ability and hard pavement concurrently, has the incomparable advantage of other various vehicles; Adapt to the mountain region, rugged ground-surface such as hills travels.
Preferably; The outside at rocker arm bonnet 15 among the present invention also is equipped with feed screw nut 16; As shown in Figure 4; Leading screw 16a in the feed screw nut 16 with motor 17 link to each other; Motor 17 is fixed on the chassis 1 through supporting seat 13; Thus through motor 17 direct drive leading screw 16a rotation; Leading screw 16a is with respect to feed screw nut 16 rotations; During leading screw 16a rotation; Make feed screw nut 16 produce straight-line motion; Move axially along two castellated shafts 10 thereby drive two rocking arms 14, realize the change of chassis 1 both sides wheel, 8 spacings, can make vehicle can adapt to rugged potted road surface through rocker arm bonnet 15.When power chassis of the present invention also can satisfy agricultural working machine, the different wheelspan requirements that the different crops row spacing needs simultaneously, increased the Area of bearing that wheelspan can improve vehicle, and the stability when having improved vehicle operation prevents that vehicle from toppling.
When vehicle travels on potted road surface; Because 14 relative fixed of homonymy two rocking arms; Homonymy rocking arm 14 can produce certain swing on relative castellated shaft 10 circumferential direction; The preceding driven gear 602 that makes castellated shaft 10 can drive in the auxiliary gear box 6 rotates relative to driving gear 601 with back driven gear 603; Auxiliary gear box 6 all can rotate around the output shaft of diff 5 with vehicle body thus; Influence the stability of vehicle body; Therefore; The auxiliary gear box 6 and 1 on the chassis that are positioned at 1 left and right sides, chassis in the present invention are equipped with adjustment connecting rod mechanism 20; Realize the adjustment of body gesture, keep vehicle body stable.Like Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6, said adjustment connecting rod mechanism 20 comprises first connecting rod 20a, second connecting rod 20b, third connecting rod 20c, the first ball pivot 20d, the second ball pivot 20e, the 3rd ball pivot 20f, the 4th ball pivot 20g, the 5th ball pivot 20h.Wherein, The first ball pivot 20d and the second ball pivot 20e symmetry respectively are installed on two auxiliary gear boxs 6; The first ball pivot 20d, the second ball pivot 21e link to each other with the 3rd ball pivot 20f, the 4th ball pivot 20g through first connecting rod 20a, second connecting rod 20b respectively, link to each other through third connecting rod 20c between the 3rd ball pivot 20f and the 4th ball pivot 20g.Center at third connecting rod 20c links to each other with chassis 1 through the 5th ball pivot 21h.Adopt ball pivot to connect; Can guarantee to have between each connecting rod the degree of freedom of two rotations; When left and right sides rocking arm rotates relatively; Drive first connecting rod 20a, second connecting rod 20b motion; Make the 3rd ball pivot 20f and the 4th ball pivot 20g produce space motion; Path of motion overlaps with the path of motion at the two ends of third connecting rod 20c, does not move interference.Thus when 10 on the rocking arm of 1 left and right sides, chassis produces relative motion; Can through adjustment connecting rod mechanism 20 restriction auxiliary gear boxs 6 relative to the chassis 1 rotate; It is perpendicular that plane, 1 place, chassis is remained with homonymy two rocking arms 14 angle bisectors; Keep the stable of vehicle body thus; Prevent that vehicle from turning on one's side, improve the through performance of vehicle.
Said adjustment connecting rod mechanism 20 also can be installed on the drg 9 that is positioned at 1 left and right sides, chassis; As shown in Figure 7; Wherein, The first ball pivot 20d and the second ball pivot 20e symmetry respectively are installed on two drgs 9; The first ball pivot 20d, the second ball pivot 21e link to each other with the 3rd ball pivot 20f, the 4th ball pivot 20g through first connecting rod 20a, second connecting rod 20b respectively, link to each other through third connecting rod 20c between the 3rd ball pivot 20f and the 4th ball pivot 20g.Center at third connecting rod 20c links to each other with chassis 1 through the 5th ball pivot 21h.Thus when 10 on the rocking arm of 1 left and right sides, chassis produces relative motion; Because driving gear 601 is all with the left output shaft of diff 5 or output shaft fixed connection is arranged in drg 9 and the auxiliary gear box 6; Rotation through adjustment connecting rod mechanism 20 limit stops 9 thus, thus restriction auxiliary gear box 6 relative to the chassis 1 rotate.
H type vehicle transmission power chassis of the present invention is applied widely, can be used in the traveling gear of the military-civil vehicle in full region, mobile robot and various special equipment mobile platforms, like dune buggy, beach car etc.