CN1023084C - Product of cold roll-forming process - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a cold roll forming process product which utilizes transverse shear deformation to roll a local longitudinal extension area on a plate to be thin without longitudinal deformation, and the prepared rolled component with thin low stress part and thick high stress part improves the material utilization rate of the product. In order to deform a region of the material under the action of shear forces, the longitudinally extending region of the sheet material is thinned. The applied pressure acts in a plane normal to the length of the strip to avoid the strip from creating longitudinally stretched products such as keels.

Description

Cold roll-formed structures and method and apparatus for producing same

The present invention relates generally to cold rolling forming sheet metal strip, specifically produces the method for sheet metal strip with continuous cold rolling process.Make the vertical attenuation of sheet metal strip with this technology, lateral separation zone forms different-thickness, and the product that makes with this kind band.

Many calendering section bars all are to be that the sheet metal in required cross section is made by rolling and forming.For example: the furred ceiling keel, anchoring piece and corrugated sheet metal, but be not limited to these, under many occasions, the purposes of section bar is so just can more effectively utilize the material of profiles if metal specific location in section bar is built up in addition.

A keel sideband load-bearing skeleton and another side has the lower flange normally for example, skeleton links to each other with the web of lower flange by the centre.In this T type element structure, the structural strength effect that skeleton and bottom wing genesis are main, and web plays the structural strength effect hardly, its major function makes skeleton and lower flange keep spacing exactly.Therefore as web thickness is reduced, and the two ends that make the metal of moulding keel accumulate in member are skeleton and place, lower flange, and the metal material of keel is just further made full use of so.

Invest assignee of the present invention's U.S. Patent No. 4,206,578 and described a kind of benefit that material is accumulated in the keel at two ends and produces therefrom, select and edit in this for reference.

In addition, if the words that the thickness of relative its both sides of thickness of metal anchorage and channel-section steel epiplastron is reduced to some extent also can make material be effectively utilized.Equally as a rule, very thin connection web is effectively utilized its material on the corrugated sheet metal.

In general, strap cold rolling is become thickness attenuation in the zone of vertically appointment in the past and section bar of the original thickness of other zone maintenance can also be accomplished.For example I-beam is under the hot state always in the past, what promptly rolling became on recrystallization temperature, so before rolling, the material of moulding I-beam has higher plasticity.The section bar of other variable cross-section is usually also at hot extruding or rolling and forming down.

In the bent type clod wash rolling and forming that section thickness changes, thin plate band or sheet material pass through in two relative rollings, and between two rollings exert pressure its thickness plasticity is diminished in the two sides of band.In this conventional rolling process, band at first produces distortion at length direction, its length is increased, if the reduction of thickness is to finish equably on the whole width of band, then any problem can not occur, evenly take place because extend on the whole width of band.

On the other hand, keep on all the other longitudinal lengths thickness constant simultaneously if adopt conventional cold rolling moulding to reduce thickness on a certain longitudinal length of band in the past, will run into very big difficulty so, this is because the part that thickness reduces more is tending towards making band to extend, and thickness does not reduce or the part of not attenuation will remain unchanged.This can make band take place to curl with bending and lose original flat surface.Therefore, this process can not be used for producing above-mentioned general section bar.

United States Patent (USP) № .4,233,833 propose a kind of mode that adopts rolling and forming explained hereafter sheet metal strip, make band reduce and other parts remain unchanged to longitudinal thickness at the position of appointment.The method that this patent is invented is, band is by paired corrugating roll, and the both sides of band laterally are limited in the fixed range respectively simultaneously.The purpose of this method is the material in processed bending is just applied a horizontal tension force, and its extending transversely and thickness are reduced.This patent has further been narrated smooth operation subsequently.It is not believed that the method described in this new patent.Whether the method described in this new patent of dare not concluding at present develops to some extent or has dropped into industrial production.

The present invention be directed to and produce various cold rolled metals goods, these metallic articles require to reduce its metal consumption widely and in fact at all do not influence its intensity and function, The present invention be directed to these cold rolled metal handicrafts simultaneously.Concerning some purposes, people wish METAL HEATING PROCESS to is lower than the selected temperature of recrystallization temperature, but the technical process that the present invention introduces is preferably at room temperature implemented.Therefore, the term that is adopted " cold roll forming " or " cold rolling " here, its implication promptly is to be lower than recrystallization temperature at metal to produce, and preferably at room temperature produces.

A to the effect that relevant cold rolling new principle of the present invention, this principle makes might utilize the cold rolling sheet metal strip that has different-thickness in the district of lateral separation along band longitudinal extension direction of producing, and band does not take place to curl or bending simultaneously.

The products characteristics of this new process just is to apply to strip surface the operation of a shearing force, this shearing force favours strip surface and is positioned at the Normal plane of band length substantially, therefore, vertical component of this shearing force is very little, the appointed area is under the effect of preceding shear force on the sheet material, generation detrusion and corresponding metal are drawn thin, do not produce linear deformation basically; Make shearing force do relative moving to form the elongated area of a vertical attenuation along the length direction of band steel, this extends the region is thin than position contiguous on the band.

In a specific best shown device, the length direction at separately station upper edge band applies the band territory broadening of shearing force gradually thickness has been reduced.

According to the specific device shown in another, longitudinally horizontal adjacent qualification station applies shearing force on the band steel, with moulding article one weakened section or thinning belt, then every crossing a not thinning belt adjacent with article one thinning belt, apply shearing force more in the same way, mold a quilt every the spaced second thinning belt of crossing in rectangular district, repeat the rolling process in this interval until the overall width that obtains required thinning belt, the weakened section that connects between two or more of this device institute moulding mutual by a not thinning belt that is rather narrow the interval.

In two illustrated devices, deformation force is from the tire axle of widely different commentaries on classics and the pressure roller of widely different commentaries on classics, and pressure roller is to be used for along narrow rolling deformation district to the band steel deformation force of exerting pressure.The bearing of trend of this deformed area is consistent with the length direction of band.Because the length of deformed area substantially exceeds its width, thereby the frictional force of tire axle and pressure roller has limited vertically flowing of metal and has made the lateral flow of the basic upper edge of metal flow resistance minimum.

In addition, in two devices, metal is limited in the side of deformed area, flows to this side to limit it, and nearly all lateral flow is all taken place to the opposite side direction.

In this specific best shown device, the shearing force and the strip surface that are applied on the alternate station tilt at angle, this angle is a constant on each alternate station, control the size of shearing force simultaneously, thickness of strip is sheared is deformed into a minimum thickness, it is long-pending to make this thickness equal band original thickness and this inclination angle sine, have been found that, can reduce linear deformation and crackle harmful on the attenuation band by limiting above-mentioned attenuation amount, but in some instances, when the attenuation amount of band surpasses this sine value significantly, also got ideal results.

Adopt the high speed cold rolling plant can realize the process product of foregoing invention, produce the sheet metal strip of endless.On band calendering each cross section in the longitudinal direction.The wall thickness of some section remains unchanged, and the wall thickness of some section is thinner than the original thickness of band greatly.When finishing band shearing attenuation process, on the band longitudinally the attenuation metal material do not produce stretcher strain basically, therefore the glacing flatness of band is influenced hardly, adopts the cross force that applies symmetry to band to finish detrusion and draw the thin guiding problem that has solved band simultaneously in addition.

According to new the improving one's methods that another content of the present invention proposed, can produce stretching structure spare, promptly make the low regional attenuation of structural member upper stress and the high zone thickening of stress, thereby further effectively utilize metal by detrusion.

The invention provides a kind of new method of manufacturing the calendering structural member, this method makes on the member longitudinal region be sheared attenuation and sclerosis in manufacturing process, thereby has improved the using rate of metal of this kind member.

According to the product of new method provided by the invention, can make certain longitudinal extension zone attenuation on the calendering band of coating, this method allows row calendering again after the coating on band, and coating is not damaged.

The invention provides a kind of product, under the effect of detrusion power, make the zone attenuation of band longitudinal extension with the sheet metal strip calendering process.

The invention provides a kind of method of producing novel keel, thereby make the metal at its web place be thinner than the metal at load-bearing skeleton and place, lower flange.

The invention provides a kind of method of new improved production anchoring piece, promptly by detrusion make anchoring piece the web plate section attenuation so that the metal on the anchoring piece rationally distribute.

The invention provides a kind of method of making novel watt of ridge metal structure, make wall thickness on watt ridge face greater than the wall thickness of web.

All the elements of the present invention are all shown bright in accompanying schematic figure, narration one by one in the detailed description below simultaneously.

Figure 1 shows that the perspective view that will draw band by the metal that the inventive method is produced.

Figure 2 shows that the side view of a milling train, this milling train is used for moulding section bar shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 are to cut open the partial cutaway schematic of getting along relevant section line among Fig. 2 with Fig. 6, in turn show the deformation process of bright section bar shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 a is that the local enlarged diagram in the structure shown in Figure 3 shows the bright shearing force that puts on the sheet metal strip;

Fig. 7 is the profile of keel of the present invention;

Fig. 7 a is the local amplification profile of keel among Fig. 7;

Fig. 8 is a U type channel-section steel of the present invention, can be used as anchoring piece;

Fig. 8 a is the partial cutaway schematic of modifying device, shows the bright detrusion that is used for moulding channel-section steel shown in Figure 8;

Fig. 9 is the profile of H type anchoring piece of the present invention;

Figure 10 is the section of one section metal curved corrugated sheet of the present invention;

Figure 11 is a part section, shows bright another kind of modifying device.This device is used for watt ridge metallic plate among moulding Figure 10 progressively.

Figure 12 is one section perspective view to band shown in Figure 1 similar rolling prolonging band, but it is that illustrated second kind of device makes among the present invention.

Figure 13 is the local amplification sectional view that intercepts along 13-13 line among Figure 12.

Figure 14 is the zoomed-in view of circle institute mark among Figure 12, shows the bright fishbone shape texture that forms on the weakened section not that is positioned between two adjacent thinning belt.

Figure 15 is the partial cutaway schematic of first station in other two kinds of devices, and initial attenuation process produces thus.

Figure 16 is the partial cutaway schematic of second station in second kind of device of the present invention.

Figure 17 is the partial cutaway schematic of the 3rd station in second kind of device of the present invention.

Figure 18 is the partial cutaway schematic of the 4th station, on crossing with steel one not after the weakened section this station of order work second weakened section that is shaped and adjoins.

Figure 19 is the zoomed-in view of rolling deformed area on the sheet metal strip.

Referring to accompanying drawing.Shown in Figure 1 roll that to prolong member be that the band steel is made by the method for the invention detrusion.When producing furred ceiling with keel and similar component according to the present invention, preferably adopt thickness to be about 0.0508 millimeter or thinner again sheet material, but should invention also be suitable for thicker sheet metal, because the implication of " sheet material " (Sheet metal) speech also comprises thicker material sometimes, i.e. cut deal (Plate).As shown in the figure, the central authorities of member 10 have the sidewall 12,13 of a planomural 11, two left and right sides extensions to adjoin with flanging 14,16 respectively, and flanging 14,16 is laterally staggered and perpendicular with the adjacent wall 12,13 that links to each other substantially in the median wall both sides.

The thickness T of mesospore 11 and two side edgefolds 14,16 ₁Basically the original thickness with the band steel of shaped component 10 is identical, and it is T that distortion makes two side 12,13 attenuates ₂, the hardness at this position is higher than other position on the member, and this is because distortion and rolling due to the work hardening that takes place in the thin process.

Among the figure, sidewall 12,13 and plane perpendicular to mesospore 11 A that has angle prolongs method, thickness T according to this specific rolling ₂Should be equal to or greater than T ₁.SineA.State in detail as following, experiment showed, that rolling thin amount by control can reduce to minimum with undesirable linear deformation on the side or crackle trend, this rolls is thinly determined by the Sine formula.In many examples, two side 12,13 is all rolled because of detrusion is as thin as T ₂, T here ₂Equal T substantially ₁.SineA.The width of member 10, i.e. distance between the outer 17,18 of flanging 14,16 equals to be used for the former width of band of rolling member 10 substantially.

Used method and device when Fig. 2～6 illustrate band 21 continuous cold rollings are become the shape of member 10.Device among the figure comprises that four stations are 23～26, yet, also can adopt still less according to the size of special requirement and member or more station.Distortion operation some exaggeration in Fig. 2～6, this is in order to show bright each the relevant step when prolonging metal of rolling better.

As seen from Figure 3, station 23 has a rotating shaft tire 41.Its structure is that a tire roller is contained on the driven shaft 42.The middle body of axle tire 41 is a cylindrical surface 46, and two ends are frusto- conical surface 47,48, and frusto- conical surface 47,48 is A with the central vertical plane 44 formed angles of axle tire 41, and this carried in Fig. 1.The width of periphery 46 equals the mesospore width of member 10 among Fig. 1.

In station 23, there is a pair of pressure roller 51,52 to be positioned at a tire top.Two pressure roller 51,52 shapes are identical, but dress is on the contrary, all be contained on the same axle 53, be equally spaced with central plane 44, axle 53 two ends are axle journal, being contained in can be around axis 54 rotation on the support, and the axis 43 and the axis 54 of axle 42 are positioned at same vertical plane simultaneously.

There is pair of pistons formula hydraulic cylinder regulator 56,57 to force on the pressure roller 51,52 among the figure, makes it to turn round simultaneously with axle tire 41.The cylinder body of hydraulic cylinder regulator 56,57 is contained on the frame 60, and piston rod 58,59 is connected by the two ends of bearing 61 with axle 53.When regulating the cylinder pressurization, then the direction along arrow 62 indications applies downward pressure near pressure roller 51,52 places on axle 53.

Two pressure rollers are 51,52 to be circular, are used for pressure zone material 21 to produce detrusions, and the pressure roller 52 among the 3a clearly illustrates that two pressure roller applied pressures equate, although because two rollers dresses are identical to opposite shape.In Fig. 3 a, the diameter maximum at fillet 66 places of pressure roller 52, working face 67,67 and 41 surperficial 48 run-in synchronisms of axle tire that this fillet radially inwardly extends from 66 places and promptly forms truncated cone.As shown in the figure, truncated cone working face 67 and axle on the tire 41 corresponding working face 48 parallel, in some special case, uneven cooperating face also has the possibility of use.

In operation, band 21 is sent in the gap between the conical surface 47,48 of the working face 67 of two pressure rollers 51,52 and corresponding axis tire 41 continuously.Regulate cylinder 56,57 and impose sufficient pressure extruded metal, make its distortion, produce the banded regions 68 of attenuate, the thickness T behind banded regions 68 attenuates along band ₂Be the thickness of the sidewall 12,13 of member 10 among Fig. 1.

The detrusion of band 21 has produced banded regions 68.But should what vertically not extend by district's metal.Consequently this district's band does not produce warpage.This rolling mode is shown in Fig. 3 a.The power of pressure roller 52 is depressed by the direction of arrow 71, and the shearing force 71 that is applied by pressure roller 52 is to tilt mutually with the outer surface 65 of its adjacent ribbon, and the plane at place is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of band substantially.This power component that just has nothing vertical like this.As shown in the figure, power 71 can be decomposed into the component 72 of the outer surface 65 that is parallel to band 21, and another component 73 is orthogonal to this surface.

When two axles 42,53 were parallel, the inclination angle that is applied to shearing force 71 and surface 48 and 65 on the band 21 by pressure roller 52 was B.In the example shown in the figure, angle B equals the angle A in the member 10 among Fig. 1.

When detrusion and this are invented when consistent, the attenuate amount of banded regions 68 is to change with the size that pressure roller 52 is pressed in the power on the metal.Experiment showed, maximum roll to prolong compare T ₂/ T ₁(T wherein ₁For band is former thick, T ₂For being out of shape the thickness of back banded regions 68) preferably should be no more than SineB, cause crackle or linear deformation with the metal of avoiding being out of shape.For example, if required thickness reduces by 50%, the sine that the pressure roller shape that matches so preferably should satisfy angle B is not more than 0.5.Be that angle B should be equal to or less than 30 °.To make T when realizing this invention ₂Equal T ₁.SineB.Make T then gradually ₂Equal T ₁.SineA.After the detrusion, it is former wide that the transverse width of band 21 equals band substantially so, and this characteristic perhaps is favourable when the system corrugated sheet metal.This point will have illustrated in the back.

Attenuate banded regions 68 on the band 21 progressively broadens on several stations 24～26 subsequently and reaches desired width up to the two side of bypassing to both sides.68a-c place as shown in Fig. 4～6.The driven shaft tire 41a-c preferably axle tire 41 with above-mentioned is identical.They correspondingly are used for station 24～26, and the pressure roller that all has pair of matched to close on each station makes band be subjected to detrusion and attenuate.Its effect is similar with the effect of above-mentioned pressure roller 51,52.

About Fig. 4, pressure roller 51a, 52a are contained on the rotatable axle 53a, are loaded by the hydraulic cylinder regulator (not shown), cylinder 56,57 is similar with regulating among Fig. 3, each pressure roller 51a, 52a has a truncated cone working face 67a, and is corresponding with the working face 67 of the working face of pressure roller 51,52.Radially extend internally from the interior rib of working face 67a, be second surperficial 70a, this surface pressure has been rolled thin part at band during at last station 23, and surperficial 70a has more retreated a bit to 67a, or loosened a bit, that is leave a very little amount from the surface of contiguous axle tire 41a.About 0.0762-0.127 millimeter.The effect of this second face is to prevent that metal is to the band central part backward extrusion that does not have attenuate, the semi-coast of roller surface 70a can be in the operation of rolling, avoid last station the sidewall of attenuate 68 impressed on the surface, can limit metal simultaneously, avoid producing anti-squeezing.

Press shown in the figure, at station 25(Fig. 5) in pressure roller 51b, 52b similar to pressure roller 51a, 52a among Fig. 4, but it unloads surperficial 70b, wideer than 70a, this is in order to cover preceding two stations 23 comprehensively, the part of 24 attenuates, similarly, the unloading of pressure roller 51c, 52c surface 70c similarly widens in station 26.To cover the lightening holes of first three station.

In most of the cases, always wish to finish detrusion so that progressively the banded regions of attenuation thickness is all even basically, yet, some banded regions in uneven thickness is owing to the tolerance of making and repeatedly stroke is caused, in addition, in some instances, may require to change the width of two adjacent pressure rollers, the thickness of banded regions is changed to some extent.When relating to thickness T ₂The time, should be understood that the banded regions thickness of attenuate is only T ₂, in banded regions is also included within not exclusively uniformly on thickness.

From above, the technology of this invention equipment therefor is fairly obvious, and band does not have the restriction of length, continuously by several stations 23～26.When station 23,68 positions of band.Because pressure roller 51,52 is outwardly-bent with the effect of axle tire 46, simultaneously owing to shearing force 71 makes it attenuation, and metal both lateral sides direction is extended.And vertically do not produce distortion basically.

During by the operation of appointment rules, angle A remains unchanged, the attenuation of band steel, its thickness is not less than original thickness and angle A sine is long-pending, this is for fear of the linear deformation of metal and crackle, and when band arrived next station by a station, the pressure roller of next station just contacted the banded regions adjacent not ironed district ironed with a last station, therefore the width of ironed banded regions progressively increases, till desired width.

Because two pressure rollers on each station are symmetrical, and the power on the metal of being pressed onto equates substantially and direction is opposite, therefore, is with that two formed guide effects in angle are enough to band is led on the steel, need not to establish in addition guiding mechanism.

In the said apparatus, band 10 is through being the shape of symmetry after cold rolling, so the minimizing of thickness, and the width of ironed banded regions all equates.In this case, preferably adopt the symmetry axis tire shown in the figure, promptly has columniform central part, with the truncated cone that is positioned at both sides with identical coning angle, this invention also has characteristic widely, can produce asymmetrical member, as have two independently vertical banded regions, the member that its thickness and width have nothing in common with each other.In this case, the axle tire may be provided with central part or in the position be not cylinder.In addition, the coning angle at axle tire two ends also may difference or two ends be not cone, even the rotation of pressure roller is not parallel to a tire line, thereby or hydraulic cylinder regulator be added in the different angle B of change of direction of two power on the pressure roller.

In general, the axle tire drives by the electric power (not shown).The power that the adjusting cylinder puts on the pressure roller can be regulated, to guarantee to produce needed attenuate amount.

Preferably adopt hydraulicdriven adjusting cylinder, the regulating system of being made up of them can produce some spring actions, and like this, the varied in thickness that makes it the material that is rolled can not influence applied force tempestuously.For example, if axle 53 mechanically is fixed on a given position, small varied in thickness just can produce violent vibration in regulating system.If make the power that puts on pressure roller in the system, the variation of thickness and have some to float with pressure roller, then shearing force is uniformly substantially, thereby obtains identical detrusion ratio.

In fact, determined to successively decrease by the attenuate amount that obtains on the adjacent station.It is believed that this is owing to be close to the cause of the metal generation work hardening of positive shear deformation zone.In fact, the metal tape of being close to radial regional 66 places is slightly to be tending towards increasing thickness.

Because each station is close to the metal at pressure roller place and always is tending towards increasing thickness, therefore obviously be that metal takes place laterally to push or flow, cause some will be rolled thin metal generation work hardening at next station at once.The reason that this work hardening is considered to cause respectively the weakened section thickness by adjacent station to increase can adopt and a kind ofly solve the problem that the weakened section wall thickness increases with the 2nd kind of corresponding method of device shown in Figure 12 of the present invention-18.According to second kind of device, with continuing band steel 21 by three stations of first group shown in Figure 15,16 and 17, at first station shown in Figure 15, still adopt a tire axle that has a cylinder outer surface 202 and a pair of reciprocal identical frusto-conical surface 203, be similar to the tire axle of first kind of device.Yet for rough schematic view so only illustrated a frusto-conical surface 203.In this device, pressure roller 204 is made of the barrel portion 206 of the 202 identical certain distances of the barrel portion on the tire axle, and this distance is the original thickness of band steel 21.Equally, two change relative of relative identical shaped pressure roller 204 with the tire axle.Therefore one side of pressure roller 204 rolled band steels and another pressure roller 204 are simultaneously at the opposite side of the opposite side rolled band steel of tire axle.Each pressure roller 204 by one with constitute corresponding to 203 separately frusto-conical surfaces 207 of taper seat, the inner in this cross section is connected with periphery 206, equally, the taper seat 207 of pressure roller 204 and the chosen original thickness that is substantially equal to steel 21 of the distance of 203 of the corresponding conical surfaces, therefore, the conical surface 277 does not play the rolling thin strip steel.

What radially be close to the conical surface 207 is truncated cone working face 208, and this face is connected with the conical surface 207 according to a radial plane 209.As shown in the figure, on cone surface of bit 208 and the adjacent tire axle 201 distance of 203 of taper seats less than the original thickness of band steel 21.Be substantially equal to the required thin amount of rolling.Should be appreciated that tire axle 201 rotates around parallel diaxon respectively with two pressure rollers.Form is identical with first kind of device, and same, two pressure rolls are depressed by identical piston rod and actuator cylinder.

When being with steel 21 by the station between pressure roller and the tire axle, cone surface of bit 208 contacts with corresponding band steel zone, and this zone is deformed, and produces the strip 224 of a longitudinal extension, and this strip is narrower.

Equally, the power that acts on the band steel makes metal produce lateral flow and almost vertically not mobile.Therefore be with steel to keep straight.The metal part that is positioned in shown in Figure 15 on the conical surface 208 is limited by the conical surface 207 and the face of cylinder 206 basically, thereby has avoided the anti-of metal to squeeze and backflow.Therefore, distortion causes that the metal on the band steel laterally outflows.In this case, pressure roller is made of a periphery 211, and this face nationality fillet 212 is connected mutually with cone surface of bit 208, thereby the flanging extension, and is parallel with the middle part of band steel, rather than vertical with skew wall resembling in first kind of device basically.

At second station, a tire axle 201a and two pressure roller 204a are arranged equally, see Figure 16.The pressure roller of first station among pressure roller 204a and Figure 16 is different, in Figure 15, the transverse width of cone surface of bit 208a has increased, and extends behind the first station weakened region, and make with first station and roll the band steel 224a transversely deforming that thin zone 224 joins, thereby increased the overall width of thinning belt.Equally, this cone surface of bit is consistent with the rolling thin strip direction of before being out of shape on first station in Figure 16, is subjected to equally limiting, so anti-squeezing can not taken place, new rolling band steel zone is moved outside tire axle 201a goes up the angle side direction of conical surface 203a.In addition, produce hardly during the metal transversely deforming vertically and flow, the band steel keeps straight.

The 3rd station shown in Figure 17 is still with the same manner broadening thinning belt 224 and 224a, pressure roller 204b has cone surface of bit 208b, the cone surface of bit of the second station pressure roller among its width size Figure 17, thereby produce further lateral flow, thinning belt 224 and 224a width increase, shown in 224b.Experiment shows, when being shaped cold rolling common high-quality steel, can adopt three continuous stations to come the banded regions of broadening attenuation and not be considered to the thickness that work hardening causes to reduce.Yet if increase same station in succession again, the decrease of belt steel thickness will reduce significantly.Therefore, the 4th station shown in Figure 180 be used for skipping band steel the preceding paragraph not the fillet district of attenuation so that the band steel is not connected by the rolling banded regions that influences in front with one section.

The pressure roller of the 4th station shown in Figure 180 is by a face of cylinder 206c, a taper seat 207c and a conical surface 208c form, their size is consistent with the corresponding surface of the 3rd station among Figure 17, yet, pressure roller 204c has a cone surface of bit 216c, and this face and conical surface 208c are relaxed 217 intervals, district by one.At this station, laterally inwardly limited except that relaxing the metal in district, the strip 226c that second is narrow vertically is shaped along the band steel.Because the band steel metal that is contacted with cone surface of bit 216c does not produce work hardening before this as yet, so can carry out attenuate to greatest extent to it, usually, band will pass through another station (not shown), and this station will be with the mode identical with broadening first band broadening second band gradually.Jump work step if roll the overall width of thin material between requiring, all stations so subsequently will provide identical mitigation part again, skip the work hardening district between promptly requiring for the second time.

In the device shown in Figure 15～18,3 continuous roll gauges are arranged before jumping work step between one, should be clear and definite, although can jump the continuous groove part that is provided with between work step more or less, decide on rolling stock thickness and required attenuation amount.Therefore, jump the restriction of work step between the present invention is not subjected to establish behind the jumping work step between three times again.

Figure 12 shows the band 220 that second kind of device of bright a kind of usefulness produced.Identical same with band shown in Figure 1 to a great extent.This band has mesospore 221, and its thickness is T ₁, equate with the original thickness of band steel.This device in, the skew wall 222 that diverges to about member or band 220 still have, they still with flanging 223 terminating together.In this case, flanging extends and parallels with mesospore 222 basically, because pressure roller is to be made of by periphery 211c periphery 211, and their keeping parallelisms.

But, in this device, the skew wall 222 that diverges to is made up of article one attenuate band 224-224b and second attenuate band 226c, both are arranged in 227 both sides, muscle shape district, article one attenuate band is to form on first group of three station of Figure 15～17, second attenuate band is that the station in Figure 18 is shaped, immediately by thereafter station (not shown) broadening gradually, since between jump work step and cause muscle shape district 227, thereby two the ribbon district be able to uniform attenuation, therefore, even if little, very narrow muscle shape thing exists, and also can obtain enough thin distortion of rolling.

Figure 13 is a profile that doubles to amplify, and cuts the 13-13 section in Figure 12, should point out, two thinning belt 224-224b and 226c have uniform thickness T ₂And flanging 223 and mesospore 221 original thickness of retainer belt steel still also should illustrate in addition, and muscle shape district 227 it seems as if has a spot of folding or crape is bent at 231 places, we think that this is because in the deformation process of the 4th station of Figure 18, and little metal is instead squeezed and caused after jump work step.Because metal is not limited at cone surface of bit 216c later immediately, mainly is the cause of buffer portion 217c, therefore produced some and instead squeezed.

Figure 14 shows that bright crape song is tending towards in muscle shape district 227 and takes place, and just with shown in this enlarged drawing, the crape song is that the texture with herringbone produces, and crape bent portions 231 is to tilt and stack is arranged, therefore, the bent right and wrong rule of crape shown in Figure 13, form herringbone.It is believed that this herringbone decorative pattern that produces at the bent place of crape is to be caused by the material residual stress that produces in the attenuation process before the jumping work step.When the crape curly hair is given birth to, make these internal stress be released, thereby cause the herringbone decorative pattern in muscle shape district 227 that although muscle portion is irregular a bit, it has played the required booster action in attenuation position on the band.

An instantiation of this invention is exactly rolling 65 mm wides under the room temperature, and the band steel of 0.381 millimeters thick, band steel are the common irons through cold rolling and coating.Lubricated when rolling with oily soap (oilsoap), roll the banded regions that forms two attenuates through the shearing of 12 road groove parts.Each banded regions thickness is 0.2286 millimeter, and width is 23.24 millimeters, and angle A is 28 °.The percentage of attenuate is 40%, rolling after, the face width while arriving is 83.82 millimeters.

Another example is the no coating aluminium belt material of rolling dead-soft under the room temperature, and wide is that 59.92 millimeters thick are 0.5842 millimeter, through shearing two banded regions that laterally separate each other of rolling formation, thickness behind each district's attenuate is 0.381 millimeter, wide is 23.24 millimeters, and angle is 28 °, and attenuate percentage is 35%.

In above-mentioned each example, T ₂With T ₁Ratio greater than the sine value at angle, therefore, this attenuation is by due to the shearing force, yet another attenuation is than surpassing in the special case of angle A sine value, and original thickness is that 0.3302 millimeter common quality strip steel adopts second kind of above-mentioned device at room temperature to carry out rolling, equally, the cone angle of roll is 28 °, first thinning belt 224, and the thickness of 224c is situated between between 0.07112 millimeter-0.11684 millimeter.The thickness of second attenuation 226 then fluctuates between 0.08636 millimeter-0.1524 millimeter, in this embodiment ,=21%-46%, therefore, the attenuate amount has substantially exceeded the sine value at 28 ° of angles, and however, crackle does not take place and tears wound in metal, is with steel to keep straight simultaneously.

It is believed that in this situation, initial deformation only is detrusion, further flowing has then surpassed SineA, but does not produce too much vertically flowing and the glacing flatness of influence band steel.Therefore, although distortion has surpassed the pure shear distortion, all occur in a lateral direction basically.

This lateral flow of metal results from roll and the contact area of band steel in distortion 241 zones, and as shown in figure 19, long represents with L, promptly along being with the steel length direction, is depicted as arrow 242 on the figure, and width W is along horizontal direction.As shown in the figure, length L is 3 times of width W at least, in this case, wherein be with between steel and the roll rolling land along very long on the band steel longitudinal direction, and relative length is very narrow in a lateral direction, be used in that the frictional force of band on the steel has limited the length direction distortion and very little to the resistance of transversely deforming, although thereby pressure has surpassed, and required power is out of shape in the generation pure shear and the attenuation rate surpasses SineA, but the band distortion that steel the produced overwhelming majority still laterally, yet in many cases, particularly when the member of the weakened section that has longitudinal extension with as thin as a wafer metallic plate production, its attenuation ratio should be more than or equal to SineA, thereby produces detrusion easily.

Formation 80 shown in Fig. 7 and the 7a is the furred ceiling keel that make according to this invention.This member is to be formed by a whole band bending, comprises web 81, relative two lower flanges 83 and 84 of the load-bearing skeleton of web 81 tops and web 81 bottoms.In this member, as shown in Figure 7, away from web one side one independent cover 86 is housed in the lower flange.Yet in many examples, need not adorn cover, whole keel are curved by a band steel.

Cold rolling component forming keel 80 among the most handy Fig. 1 or Figure 12 shown in the member 220, in this case, whole load-bearing skeleton is to be formed by the former material that is positioned at mesospore 11 places on the member 10, wall thickness is T ₁, in addition, two-layer web is made of original sidewall 12,13, and every layer thickness is T ₂, the lower flange then preferably rolls into by rolling the flanging 16,17 that prolongs on the member 10, and its thickness equals T ₁

If with above-mentioned distortion and have the strap cold rolling shaping keel that roll thin district, so, just concentrate at metal on the keel that roll on the load-bearing skeleton and lower flange of member, web has been an attenuate then.As previously mentioned, web stress little therefore with two-layer web attenuate with economical with materials.And the intensity of keel is not affected.For example its load-bearing skeleton 82 of keel is about 6.35 mm wides, and 38.1 millimeters are high, about 25.4 millimeters of web, and two lower flange beam overalls are slightly less than 25.4 millimeters, and the required band of so rolling these keel is wide about 114.34 millimeters.

If the metal wall thickness is equal on the keel that are shaped everywhere, total metal content on the so used band steel unit length then approximately is 4.5 times of amount of metal on the equal length keel, otherwise, as if web thickness being rolled into skeleton and lower flange thickness partly, and the strip width that is used for forming the T position is when being 88.9 millimeters, then the required amount of metal of unit length keel then is 3.5 times of amount of metal on the equal length band steel, therefore the amount of metal that is used to make the thin web plate keel is 3.5/4.5 with the ratio of the used amount of metal of uniform wall thickness keel, or only need wait 78% of the used amount of metal of wall thickness keel, the thin web plate keel can be saved about metal of about 22% so

The saving amount of metal changes with the width of attenuate amount and thinning area.In last example, attenuate is than being can save about 22% metal at 50% o'clock, and for given utilization scope, the saving amount of metal reduces with the reduction of attenuate ratio.

Another characteristic of this invention is to make the band of coating produce distortion, and coating is damaged, and for example, normally adopts the sheet material of the going up coating in advance keel that are shaped.This band that gives the spreading material was coated with lacquer or hot dipping often and crossed zinc, but their all detrusion, the attenuate cross section, and its coating damaged.Fig. 7 a more clearly shows bright, detrusion and the coating 87,88 that rolls into before the keel still keep former coating layer thickness in the zone of attenuate not, but along the coating layer thickness of web 81 parts, shown in Figure 87 a, 88a, then be thinner than the coating layer thickness at load-bearing skeleton and lower flange place.

Because being used for the band steel of rolling section bar can implement coating under the flat state before shaping easily, therefore can former coating is rolled thin when making section bar be vital a large amount of.In addition, the coating of belt steel surface is actually and helps deformation process in many cases, because coating can reduce the wearing and tearing on pressure roller and axle tire surface and adhere to, even so, in many cases, still cooling fluid and lubricant need be arranged when distortion,

In addition, the attenuation in longitudinal extension district also can increase its hardness on the band.This also is useful concerning a lot of section bar material, for example in the keel shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 7 a, though two-layer web is thinner than other position of keel, because its hardness increases after shearing attenuation, reduces thereby compensated the intensity that reduces to bring because of thickness.As a rule, also will there be joint at the two ends of keel web so that keel are coupled together.The United States Patent (USP) certificate, Nos.3,501,185 and 4,108,563 can be for reference, and this patent illustration illustrates the integral joint that is riveted on the web respectively and divides end connector, although web is thinner, because sclerosis still has enough intensity.

Extention shown in Fig. 8 and 9 on the member, this also can shut out by this invention.Figure 8 shows that a channel member, the anchoring piece when it can cut wall as the nothing slurry, this member is to be made of the edge of a wing 92,93 that extend middle pectoral plate 91 and side.Fig. 8 clearly illustrates that very much, except that the middle part 94 of web 91, and the thickness T on the edge of a wing 92,93 ₁Be substantially equal to the twice of web thickness.This in addition structure is because of web 91 attenuate, and the metal that forms channel just concentrates on the edge of a wing, thereby has maximum structural strength.

It is similar that the rolling mode of channel shown in Figure 8 and rolling shown in Fig. 1 or 12 are prolonged part, but shown in Fig. 8 a, when detrusion, support the axle the form of the foetus shape of band, have the width of very narrow middle part 46m.So the web 91 behind the attenuate is substantially equal to the width of 46m.Channel among Fig. 8, though not shown coating, this channel can be with the metal rolled shaping of giving application layer.Coating also reduces its thickness along the thinning area, the keel in Fig. 7 and 7a, in case the distortion finish after, channel is that available general rolling is made.

Figure 9 shows that H shape web, or cap ned.It can not cut the anchoring piece 101 of wall as there being slurry.This anchoring piece comprises that thickness is T ₂Terminate in enlarged undercut portions 102, its thickness is obviously than the thickness T of the edge of a wing 103 and 104 ₁Little.Such structure also is to have saved metal because the metal of formation anchoring piece concentrates on along place, the edge of a wing, simultaneously, and the so rolling intensity maximum that makes place, the edge of a wing.The solid anchor 101 of H shape also can be earlier through preliminary attenuate.Such shown in Fig. 8 a, and then rolling with commonsense method, with the shape of shaping anchoring piece.If necessary, also can give application layer, coating can also still overlay on the metal surface in attenuation when distortion.

Figure 10 and 11 is depicted as a kind of device of rolling this section bar of new follow-on corrugated sheet metal.Through rolling the corrugated sheet metal 111 that prolongs, its cross section as shown in figure 10, this section bar comprises plane 112 and lower plane 113, its thickness is all T ₁, promptly former lamella thickness or be used for the band steel original thickness of rolling corrugated sheet metal 111.Last lower plane 112,113 all is connected with the web 116,117 that tilts, and as mentioned above, they are all because of the detrusion attenuate.Its web thickness is T ₂, significantly than thickness T ₁Approach.

As mentioned above, angle 2A is about 60 degree between two connecting walls that diverge to 116,117.Press sine formula, T ₂Approximate T ₁Half.Because this thickness relationship, the corrugated sheet metal among Figure 10 can progressively shut out very easily with device shown in Figure 11.In this device, each independently an axle tire 118 be used for a rolling watt of ridge, its relevant pressure roller 119,120 matches with each tire 117.Here should illustrate that shown in Figure 11 only is a station, carrying out the similar station of work successively is in order to increase the width of thin-walled.Width until thin-walled equates with shown in Figure 11.

Last plane 112 keeps its original widths, and the width of lower plane has reduced, and this is because thin-walled progressively increases the cause of width until shown in Figure 10 113 width.In this technology, the same with above-mentioned situation, because reduction process is to finish according to the requirement of angle A sine value, so the overall width of band is constant.For example, if former band wide is 1 meter, though the width of web increase to some extent, and to the top, two positions, the end 111 and 113 tilt, and roll into the corrugated sheet metal width and still are about 1 meter.In addition, the rule that meets A angle sine value as web thickness.Then the interval of adjacent shaft tire also remains unchanged in thinning process.

Sometimes, may require to shut out earlier the corrugated sheet metal resemble Figure 10, and then longitudinal shear becomes sectional band, this band that vertically prescinds is a kind of section bar blank that is used for rolling final required member sometimes.

Though the specific device of this invention is illustrated by illustration, and is illustrated, but still can take the variety of way correct or its parts are rearranged, this and explanation and the institute's requirement this invention done without prejudice to this paper it.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of product of rolling cold bending shaping method, make long narrow metal band-shaped sheet metal material revolve under the effect of the shearing force that adds at roll, the interior thickness of banded zone of at least one longitudinal extension is reduced, and width increases, it is characterized by: the product that above-mentioned sheet metal strip forms, comprise that a longitudinal region initial and that at least one side of this band separates and is at second longitudinal region between at least one side on initial longitudinal region and the band, this second longitudinal region is by having numerous narrow horizontal adjacency that formed by detrusion, the band that thickness reduces is formed, make the thickness of this second longitudinal region be far smaller than the thickness of first longitudinal region, its width is approximately wanting of above-mentioned numerous strip width.

2, product as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by, the product that above-mentioned sheet metal strip forms comprise a longitudinal extension, thickness and original thickness (T ₁) identical first area and a pair of skew wall along this part longitudinal extension, the adjacent side adjacency of this skew wall with the first area, this tilts mutually to skew wall, and angle is two times of drift angle A, its thickness (T ₂) be (T ₁) and the long-pending (T of angle A sine ₂=T ₁* SinA), skew wall has numerous narrow, and the horizontal adjacency that is caused by detrusion, the band that thickness reduces are formed, and make the thickness of two skew walls be significantly smaller than the thickness of first area, and width are each strip width sum.

3, the product of method according to claim 1, it is characterized by, this product is the keel shape, comprise a middle pectoral plate, a web frame is arranged on one side and another side has an edge of a wing at it, this skeleton is formed by the single metal with identical original thickness with the edge of a wing, web then has even second thickness, this web has numerous narrow, attenuate band by the horizontal adjacency due to the detrusion, make the thickness of web much smaller than the thickness on the skeleton and the edge of a wing, its width is each bar bandwidth sum, and web place metal is harder than skeleton and place, edge of a wing material.

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