CN102288831A - Low-cost high-accuracy resistance measuring system and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Low-cost high-accuracy resistance measuring system and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-cost high-accuracy resistance measuring system and a measuring method thereof. The system comprise a current source, a multi-way linked switch, a voltage measuring circuit, a processor and a display module, wherein the processor switches the input resistance to be standard resistance R 1 and resistance R2 in turn through the multi-way linked switch, reads the output of the voltage measuring circuit, substitutes the output into a transmission equation for solving, then switches the input to be a measuring resistance, and determines the value of the measuring resistance according to the transmission equation and the output voltage of the voltage measuring circuit. In the invention, if only the linearity error of the voltage measuring circuit is small enough, the error of the measuring resistance is only related to the standard resistances, so the errors caused by the current source and the voltage measuring circuit such as a difference processing circuit, an analog/digital (A/D) converter and the like are eliminated theoretically, and the aim of high-accuracy resistance measurement can be fulfilled by only using the low-cost current source and the voltage measuring circuit. The standard resistances in the invention are necessary to be used in an accurate current source of a conventional resistance measuring circuit, and the cost is not necessary to be increased any more.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring method, especially is a kind of on-line calibration method of utilizing, according to the system and method for the measuring resistance calibration measurement resistance of input end, and a kind of resistance measurement method of low-cost and high-precision and adopt the measuring system of this method specifically.
Background technology
The sensor (as thermistor) that much is used at present measure physical quantities all is that the signal that needs are measured is converted into resistance signal, again by the measurement to this resistance signal, draws the value of actual measurement physical quantity; Therefore the accuracy that resistance signal is measured has just directly determined the accuracy of measured magnitude of physical quantity.
Traditional measuring method all is after adding a known electric current by the resistance signal to sensor output, measures the magnitude of voltage at its two ends again, calculates resistance according to voltage and current, and obtains the value of measure physical quantities through computing; In this process, the error of current source, the measuring error of voltage all can be brought error to actual measured results, and along with the variation of measures ambient temperature and time, these errors also can change; In order to improve the accuracy of measurement result, must use high-quality current source and tension measuring circuit (as the resistance high-accuracy, that low temperature floats, operational amplifier, and high-quality A/D converter etc.) reduces measuring error, and no matter use the how expensive device of how accurate, price, error more or less always exists, and can't eliminate this error theoretically.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at instrument in the process of measure physical quantities, in order to improve the measuring accuracy of resistance, the current source and the tension measuring circuit that must adopt expensive, high precision, low temperature to float, even if so also can't eliminate the problem of error fully, a kind of resistance measurement system and measuring method thereof of low-cost and high-precision proposed; Utilize the on-line calibration method specifically,, eliminated the error that current source and tension measuring circuit are introduced theoretically fully, to reach purpose with the high-acruracy survey of circuit realization cheaply according to the measuring resistance calibration measurement resistance of input end.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
A kind of resistance measurement system of low-cost and high-precision, it comprises current source, multichannel linked switch, tension measuring circuit, processor and display module; Connect current source after measuring resistance and at least one the measuring resistance R series connection, the two ends of measuring resistance and each measuring resistance are connected the input end of each linked switch respectively, the output terminal of all linked switches also connects the positive and negative input end of tension measuring circuit, the signal output part of tension measuring circuit links to each other with processor, the control signal output ends of processor links to each other with the linked switch commutation circuit, processor links to each other with display module, display module shows measurement result as the signal output of resistance measurement system.
A kind of resistance measurement system of low-cost and high-precision, it comprises current source, multichannel linked switch, tension measuring circuit, processor and display module; One end of measuring resistance and at least one measuring resistance and connect after connect the negative input end of tension measuring circuit, the input end of every road linked switch and connect after connect the other end of measuring resistance and at least one measuring resistance successively, connect the positive input terminal of current source and tension measuring circuit after the output terminal parallel connection of all linked switches respectively, the signal output part of tension measuring circuit links to each other with processor, the control signal output ends of processor links to each other with the linked switch commutation circuit, processor links to each other with display module, display module shows measurement result as the signal output of resistance measurement system.
Every road of the present invention linked switch comprises two to be opened or closed switch simultaneously, and switch is the contact switch of analog switch or relay, and all linked switches are opened by processor control or be closed.
Tension measuring circuit of the present invention is linear circuit, adopts the difference input mode, comprises positive and negative two input ends; Tension measuring circuit is the difference A/D converter, and perhaps tension measuring circuit comprises difference processing circuit and general A/D converter.
A kind of resistance measurement method of low-cost and high-precision, the resistance measurement system of application low-cost and high-precision is characterized in that it comprises following three kinds of disposal routes:
(a), when the linearity error of tension measuring circuit satisfies requiring of measuring accuracy, adopt two measuring resistance R1, R2;
Processor control linked switch will be connected to the linked switch closure of measuring resistance R1 and measuring resistance R2 successively, and processor is read the output V as a result of the tension measuring circuit of each input resistance correspondence respectively, and the substitution linear transmission equation:
V?=?kRx?+?b；
Wherein: V---the output voltage of tension measuring circuit;
Rx---input resistance value;
Total transmission coefficient of k---tension measuring circuit and current source;
The zero migration of b---tension measuring circuit;
Processor solves the total transmission coefficient k of tension measuring circuit and current source and the zero migration b of tension measuring circuit; To be connected to the linked switch closure of measuring resistance then, the output of reading corresponding tension measuring circuit is V as a result, and transmission equation that obtains according to above step and output is V as a result, and processor obtains measured resistance value;
(b), satisfy the requirement of measuring accuracy when the linearity error of tension measuring circuit, and zero migration b or total transmission coefficient k adopt a measuring resistance R1 when known;
Processor control linked switch, the linked switch closure of measuring resistance R1 will be connected to, the output that processor is read corresponding tension measuring circuit is V as a result, and substitution linear transmission equation: V=kRx+b, solve total transmission coefficient k or zero migration b according to known zero migration b or total transmission coefficient k; To be connected to the linked switch closure of measuring resistance then, the output of reading corresponding tension measuring circuit is V as a result, and transmission equation that obtains according to above step and output is V as a result, and processor obtains measured resistance value;
(c), when the linearity error of tension measuring circuit exceeds requiring of measuring accuracy, adopt a plurality of measuring resistance R1～Rn;
Processor control linked switch, to be connected to the linked switch closure of measuring resistance and all measuring resistances successively, processor is read the output V as a result of the tension measuring circuit of their correspondences, judge from the big measuring resistance of the nearest ratio measuring resistance of measuring resistance with from the nearest little measuring resistance of ratio measuring resistance of measuring resistance according to their V, according to the output of the tension measuring circuit of the resistance of these two measuring resistances and their correspondences V as a result, substitution linear transmission equation V=kRx+b; Solve total transmission coefficient k and zero migration b, then according to the output of the tension measuring circuit of measuring resistance correspondence as a result V calculate measured resistance value.
Among the method a of the present invention, the resistance of measuring resistance R1 and measuring resistance R2 is made as the upper and lower limit of resistance to be measured or near the resistance value of upper and lower limit;
Among the described method b, if total transmission coefficient k of tension measuring circuit and current source is known, then the resistance of measuring resistance R is set to the lower limit of measuring resistance or near the resistance value of lower limit; If the zero migration b of tension measuring circuit is known, then the resistance of measuring resistance R is set to the upper limit of measuring resistance or near the resistance value of the upper limit;
When being limited to zero resistance instantly, directly use short-circuit line as the standard zero resistance.
Measuring resistance of the present invention is selected corresponding precision resistance for use according to the requirement of The measuring precision; Require as The measuring precision that precision is better than at 0.5% o'clock in 0 to the 70 degree scope, can select that precision is better than 0.2%, temperature is floated the precision resistance that is better than 20ppm for use, as the accurate wire-wound resistor of RX11.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
In the present invention, as long as the linearity error of tension measuring circuit is enough little (in actual the use, the employed device of tension measuring circuit cheaply at last just, as resistance, operational amplifier and A/D converter etc., their linearity error all is negligible) and the output of current source when measurement standard resistance and measuring resistance both end voltage changes, and enough little (circuit parameter is along with the variation of temperature and time is more a lot of slowly than the speed of the handover measurement of circuit own, so changing, the output of the current source when measurement standard resistance and measuring resistance both end voltage can ignore fully), the error of measuring resistance is just only relevant with measuring resistance, this has just eliminated current source and tension measuring circuit (as the difference processing circuit theoretically, A/D converter etc.) error of being brought, thus reached the purpose that only need use current source and tension measuring circuit cheaply just can realize high-acruracy survey resistance; And needed measuring resistance among the present invention all is to use in the precision current source of conventional resistance measuring circuit, and the present invention need not increase cost for this resistance again.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the mode (a) in two kinds of connected modes of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the mode (b) in two kinds of connected modes of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is to use the transmission curve figure of a plurality of measuring resistances.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
A kind of resistance measurement system of low-cost and high-precision, it comprises current source, multichannel linked switch, tension measuring circuit, processor and display module, it is connected with following dual mode:
(a) as shown in Figure 1, current source is inserted in measuring resistance R and at least one measuring resistance series connection back, the two ends of measuring resistance R and each measuring resistance are connected the input end of each linked switch respectively, the output terminal of all linked switches also connects the positive and negative input end of tension measuring circuit, the signal output part of tension measuring circuit links to each other with processor, the control signal output ends of processor links to each other with the linked switch commutation circuit, processor links to each other with display module, display module shows measurement result as the signal output of resistance measurement system;
(b) as shown in Figure 2, one end of measuring resistance R and at least one measuring resistance and connect after connect the negative input end of tension measuring circuit, the input end of every road linked switch and connect after connect the other end of measuring resistance R and at least one measuring resistance successively, connect the positive input terminal of current source and tension measuring circuit after the output terminal parallel connection of all linked switches respectively, the signal output part of tension measuring circuit links to each other with processor, the control signal output ends of processor links to each other with the linked switch commutation circuit, processor links to each other with display module, display module shows measurement result as the signal output of resistance measurement system.
Tension measuring circuit of the present invention is the difference input mode, comprises positive and negative two input ends; Tension measuring circuit can be the difference A/D converter, also can wherein generally also can comprise amplifying circuit and filtering circuit etc. for difference processing circuit and general A/D converter composition.
The transmission equation of the tension measuring circuit among the figure is (suppose linearity error ignore):
V?=?kRx?+?b；
Wherein: V---the output voltage of tension measuring circuit;
Rx---input resistance value;
Total transmission coefficient of k---tension measuring circuit and current source;
The zero migration of b---tension measuring circuit;
According to the difference of measuring system accuracy requirement, the present invention has following four kinds of implementations (implementation of two kinds of connected modes of the present invention is the same):
A, the linearity error of tension measuring circuit is ignored, only need obtain total transmission coefficient of the zero migration accurately of this circuit and this circuit and current source, (two measuring resistances of needs this moment in the time of just satisfying the measuring accuracy requirement, the resistance of these two measuring resistances be set to usually measuring resistance R input on, lower limit, this disposal route is invented modal a kind of disposal route for this, because the employed device of current source and tension measuring circuit cheaply at last just, its linearity error can be ignored, but its zero migration and transmission coefficient are can error bigger, and most critical is that they can change along with time and variation of temperature simultaneously);
Processor control linked switch will be connected to the linked switch closure of measuring resistance R1 and measuring resistance R2 successively, and processor is read the output V as a result of the tension measuring circuit of each input resistance correspondence respectively, and substitution linear transmission equation V=kRx+b; Processor solves total transmission coefficient k and zero migration b; To be connected to the linked switch closure of measuring resistance R then, the output of reading corresponding tension measuring circuit is V as a result, and transmission equation that obtains according to above step and output is V as a result, and processor obtains measuring resistance R value;
When reality is used, variation along with temperature and time, the parameter of current source and tension measuring circuit itself can change (just k in the transmission equation and b can change), but as long as processor control linked switch, again (this action can regularly be carried out to revise k and b by measuring resistance, if processor also is connected with temperature sensor, also can carry out according to variation of temperature), just can guarantee that the value of actual measurement resistance R and the variation of the parameter of circuit own have nothing to do;
The linearity error of B, tension measuring circuit is ignored, only need obtain zero migration accurately, (this moment is measuring resistance of needs only in the time of just satisfying the measuring accuracy requirement, the resistance of this measuring resistance is set to the lower limit of resistance R input to be measured usually, when being limited to zero resistance instantly, can directly use short-circuit line as the standard zero resistance):
Processor control linked switch, the linked switch closure of measuring resistance will be connected to, the output that processor is read corresponding tension measuring circuit is V as a result, and substitution linear transmission equation: V=kRx+b, total transmission coefficient k solves zero migration b according to the calculated value or the manual measurement value substitution equation of side circuit; To be connected to the linked switch closure of measuring resistance R then, the output of reading corresponding tension measuring circuit is V as a result, and transmission equation that obtains according to above step and output is V as a result, and processor obtains measuring resistance R value;
The linearity error of C, tension measuring circuit is ignored, only need obtain total accurately transmission coefficient, in the time of just satisfying the measuring accuracy requirement (this moment is measuring resistance of needs only, and the resistance of this measuring resistance is set to the upper limit of resistance R input to be measured usually):
Processor control linked switch, the linked switch closure of measuring resistance R will be connected to, the output that processor is read corresponding tension measuring circuit is V as a result, and substitution linear transmission equation: V=kRx+b, zero migration b solves total transmission coefficient k according to the calculated value or the manual measurement value substitution equation of side circuit; To be connected to the linked switch closure of measuring resistance R then, the output of reading corresponding tension measuring circuit is V as a result, and according to transmission equation and result V that above step obtains, processor obtains measuring resistance R value;
D, can not ignore when the linearity error of tension measuring circuit, when just transmission equation can not be handled as a straight-line equation, can transmission curve be equally divided into multistage according to the size (relative and measuring accuracy) of linearity error, the big more segments that then needs of linearity error is many more, each segment is handled as straight line, so need a plurality of measuring resistances calibrate measuring resistance R in each little segment limit, as Fig. 3:
Processor control linked switch, to be connected to the linked switch closure of measuring resistance R and all measuring resistance R successively, processor is read the output V as a result of the tension measuring circuit of their correspondences, according to their V judge from measuring resistance R nearest than the big measuring resistance of measuring resistance R with from the nearest measuring resistance littler of measuring resistance R than measuring resistance R, according to the output of the tension measuring circuit of the resistance of these two measuring resistances and their correspondences V as a result, substitution linear transmission equation V=kRx+b; Solve total transmission coefficient k and zero migration b, then according to the output of the tension measuring circuit of measuring resistance R correspondence as a result V calculate measuring resistance R value.
The part that the present invention does not relate to prior art that maybe can adopt all same as the prior art is realized.
Claims (10)
1. the resistance measurement system of a low-cost and high-precision is characterized in that it comprises current source, multichannel linked switch, tension measuring circuit, processor and display module; Connect current source after measuring resistance and at least one the measuring resistance R series connection, the two ends of measuring resistance and each measuring resistance are connected the input end of each linked switch respectively, the output terminal of all linked switches also connects the positive and negative input end of tension measuring circuit, the signal output part of tension measuring circuit links to each other with processor, the control signal output ends of processor links to each other with the linked switch commutation circuit, processor links to each other with display module, display module shows measurement result as the signal output of resistance measurement system.
2. the resistance measurement system of low-cost and high-precision according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described every road linked switch comprises two and opens simultaneously or closed switch, switch is the contact switch of analog switch or relay, and all linked switches are opened by processor control or be closed.
3. the resistance measurement system of low-cost and high-precision according to claim 1 is characterized in that described tension measuring circuit is linear circuit, adopts the difference input mode, comprises positive and negative two input ends; Tension measuring circuit is the difference A/D converter, and perhaps tension measuring circuit comprises difference processing circuit and general A/D converter.
4. the resistance measurement method of a low-cost and high-precision is used the resistance measurement system of low-cost and high-precision as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that it comprises following three kinds of disposal routes:
(a), when the linearity error of tension measuring circuit satisfies requiring of measuring accuracy, adopt two measuring resistance R1, R2;
Processor control linked switch will be connected to the linked switch closure of measuring resistance R1 and measuring resistance R2 successively, and processor is read the output V as a result of the tension measuring circuit of each input resistance correspondence respectively, and the substitution linear transmission equation:
V?=?kRx?+?b；
Wherein: V---the output voltage of tension measuring circuit;
Rx---input resistance value;
Total transmission coefficient of k---tension measuring circuit and current source;
The zero migration of b---tension measuring circuit;
Processor solves the total transmission coefficient k of tension measuring circuit and current source and the zero migration b of tension measuring circuit; To be connected to the linked switch closure of measuring resistance then, the output of reading corresponding tension measuring circuit is V as a result, and transmission equation that obtains according to above step and output is V as a result, and processor obtains measured resistance value;
(b), satisfy the requirement of measuring accuracy when the linearity error of tension measuring circuit, and zero migration b or total transmission coefficient k adopt a measuring resistance R1 when known;
Processor control linked switch, the linked switch closure of measuring resistance R1 will be connected to, the output that processor is read corresponding tension measuring circuit is V as a result, and substitution linear transmission equation: V=kRx+b, solve total transmission coefficient k or zero migration b according to known zero migration b or total transmission coefficient k; To be connected to the linked switch closure of measuring resistance then, the output of reading corresponding tension measuring circuit is V as a result, and transmission equation that obtains according to above step and output is V as a result, and processor obtains measured resistance value;
(c), when the linearity error of tension measuring circuit exceeds requiring of measuring accuracy, adopt a plurality of measuring resistance R1～Rn;
Processor control linked switch, to be connected to the linked switch closure of measuring resistance and all measuring resistances successively, processor is read the output V as a result of the tension measuring circuit of their correspondences, judge from the big measuring resistance of the nearest ratio measuring resistance of measuring resistance with from the nearest little measuring resistance of ratio measuring resistance of measuring resistance according to their V, according to the output of the tension measuring circuit of the resistance of these two measuring resistances and their correspondences V as a result, substitution linear transmission equation V=kRx+b; Solve total transmission coefficient k and zero migration b, then according to the output of the tension measuring circuit of measuring resistance correspondence as a result V calculate measured resistance value.
5. the resistance measurement method of low-cost and high-precision according to claim 4 is characterized in that:
Among the described method a, the resistance of measuring resistance R1 and measuring resistance R2 is made as the upper and lower limit of resistance to be measured or near the resistance value of upper and lower limit;
Among the described method b, if total transmission coefficient k of tension measuring circuit and current source is known, then the resistance of measuring resistance R is set to the lower limit of measuring resistance or near the resistance value of lower limit; If the zero migration b of tension measuring circuit is known, then the resistance of measuring resistance R is set to the upper limit of measuring resistance or near the resistance value of the upper limit;
When being limited to zero resistance instantly, directly use short-circuit line as the standard zero resistance.
6. the resistance measurement system of a low-cost and high-precision is characterized in that it comprises current source, multichannel linked switch, tension measuring circuit, processor and display module; One end of measuring resistance and at least one measuring resistance and connect after connect the negative input end of tension measuring circuit, the input end of every road linked switch and connect after connect the other end of measuring resistance and at least one measuring resistance successively, connect the positive input terminal of current source and tension measuring circuit after the output terminal parallel connection of all linked switches respectively, the signal output part of tension measuring circuit links to each other with processor, the control signal output ends of processor links to each other with the linked switch commutation circuit, processor links to each other with display module, display module shows measurement result as the signal output of resistance measurement system.
7. the resistance measurement system of low-cost and high-precision according to claim 6, it is characterized in that described every road linked switch comprises two and opens simultaneously or closed switch, switch is the contact switch of analog switch or relay, and all linked switches are opened by processor control or be closed.
8. the resistance measurement system of low-cost and high-precision according to claim 6 is characterized in that described tension measuring circuit is linear circuit, adopts the difference input mode, comprises positive and negative two input ends; Tension measuring circuit is the difference A/D converter, and perhaps tension measuring circuit comprises difference processing circuit and general A/D converter.
9. the resistance measurement method of a low-cost and high-precision is used the resistance measurement system of low-cost and high-precision as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that it comprises following three kinds of disposal routes:
(a), when the linearity error of tension measuring circuit satisfies requiring of measuring accuracy, adopt two measuring resistance R1, R2;
Processor control linked switch will be connected to the linked switch closure of measuring resistance R1 and measuring resistance R2 successively, and processor is read the output V as a result of the tension measuring circuit of each input resistance correspondence respectively, and the substitution linear transmission equation:
V?=?kRx?+?b；
Wherein: V---the output voltage of tension measuring circuit; Rx---input resistance value;
Total transmission coefficient of k---tension measuring circuit and current source; The zero migration of b---tension measuring circuit;
Processor solves the total transmission coefficient k of tension measuring circuit and current source and the zero migration b of tension measuring circuit; To be connected to the linked switch closure of measuring resistance then, the output of reading corresponding tension measuring circuit is V as a result, and transmission equation that obtains according to above step and output is V as a result, and processor obtains measured resistance value;
(b), satisfy the requirement of measuring accuracy when the linearity error of tension measuring circuit, and zero migration b or total transmission coefficient k adopt a measuring resistance R1 when known;
Processor control linked switch, the linked switch closure of measuring resistance R1 will be connected to, the output that processor is read corresponding tension measuring circuit is V as a result, and substitution linear transmission equation: V=kR x+ b solves total transmission coefficient k or zero migration b according to known zero migration b or total transmission coefficient k; To be connected to the linked switch closure of measuring resistance then, the output of reading corresponding tension measuring circuit is V as a result, and transmission equation that obtains according to above step and output is V as a result, and processor obtains measured resistance value;
(c), when the linearity error of tension measuring circuit exceeds requiring of measuring accuracy, adopt a plurality of measuring resistance R1～Rn;
Processor control linked switch, to be connected to the linked switch closure of measuring resistance and all measuring resistance R successively, processor is read the output V as a result of the tension measuring circuit of their correspondences, judge from the big measuring resistance of the nearest ratio measuring resistance of measuring resistance with from the nearest little measuring resistance of ratio measuring resistance of measuring resistance according to their V, according to the output of the tension measuring circuit of the resistance R of these two measuring resistances and their correspondences V as a result, substitution linear transmission equation V=kRx+b; Solve total transmission coefficient k and zero migration b, then according to the output of the tension measuring circuit of measuring resistance correspondence as a result V calculate measured resistance value.
10. the resistance measurement method of low-cost and high-precision according to claim 9 is characterized in that:
Among the described method a, the resistance of measuring resistance R1 and measuring resistance R2 is made as the upper and lower limit of resistance to be measured or near the resistance value of upper and lower limit;
Among the described method b, if total transmission coefficient k of tension measuring circuit and current source is known, then the resistance of measuring resistance R is set to the lower limit of measuring resistance or near the resistance value of lower limit; If the zero migration b of tension measuring circuit is known, then the resistance of measuring resistance R is set to the upper limit of measuring resistance or near the resistance value of the upper limit;
When being limited to zero resistance instantly, directly use short-circuit line as the standard zero resistance.
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