CN102252875B - Externally hanging type atmospheric aerosol aviation airflow guide cover of airplane - Google Patents
Externally hanging type atmospheric aerosol aviation airflow guide cover of airplane Download PDFInfo
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- CN102252875B CN102252875B CN 201110146210 CN201110146210A CN102252875B CN 102252875 B CN102252875 B CN 102252875B CN 201110146210 CN201110146210 CN 201110146210 CN 201110146210 A CN201110146210 A CN 201110146210A CN 102252875 B CN102252875 B CN 102252875B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an atmospheric aerosol aviation airflow guide cover and belongs to the technical fields of atmospheric environment sampling and analysis. The atmospheric aerosol aviation airflow guide cover comprises a buffer and a sampling pipe, wherein a sampling port is formed at one end of the sampling pipe; the sampling pipe runs through the bottom of an airplane and extends into the buffer; the other end of the sampling pipe is connected with a quick interface; the buffer comprises an air inlet, a buffering cavity and an air outlet which are connected with one another sequentially and hermetically; the buffering cavity is cylindrical; the air inlet has a frustum conical shape; and the diameter of the right port round of the frustum conical shape is 10 to 12 times that of the left port round. A sampler is adopted, high-speed airflow is buffered and reduced into low-speed airflow, and the low-speed airflow enters the sampling pipe through the sampling port, so that the high-speed airflow is prevented from directly entering the sampling pipe, aerosol granules are prevented from being adhered to the wall of a buffering tank, the collection rate of the atmospheric aerosol granules entering the sampling port is increased, and loss of the granules is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of air sampler, a kind of aircraft external hanging type atmosphere pollution aviation kuppe belongs to atmospheric environment sampling and analysis technical field specifically.
Background technology
Along with day by day descending and the development of aeronautical technology of air quality, the researcher just begins one's study from the eighties and carry out aboard the method for atmospheric sampling mid-term both at home and abroad---the aviation Sampling techniques.The utilization of aviation Sampling techniques is conducive to understand the air quality situation in high-altitude and then the origin cause of formation of Pollution Study.But at present, employed atmosphere pollution aviation measurement sampling thief has the shortcomings such as somewhat expensive, running complexity.In addition, the units such as some scientific researches and weather bureau must ask for scientific research, they buy atmosphere pollution aviation measurement sampling thief from offshore company, and the size of these instruments is common and the osculum (use is generally used for taking a picture) of some aircrafts bottoms and top setting does not mate, need further modified aircraft bottom to install again, also need during installation the circuit of aircraft is changed, not only recondition expense is expensive but also increased the danger that aircraft flies aloft.
Atmospheric aerosol is the aerial suspension system of liquid state or solid particle.Gasoloid in the atmosphere not only can directly affect the solar radiation that arrives ground, participate in the heterogeneous phase chemical reaction of other components in the atmosphere, it can also be as the nucleus of condensation of cloud, the remote effect atmospheric environment, after the particle in the atmosphere enters human body by respiratory tract, the direct health of harmful to human also.Therefore be important content in the Study of Atmospheric Environment work to aerocolloidal research and monitoring, at present, domesticly design aboard voluntarily and installed the buffer-type gatherer, measure aerosol particle but these gatherers are mainly used to measurement gas.These cushioning collecting devices all can't gather high aerial rare aerosol particle.Chinese patent CN201000405Y (200720017689.4) discloses a kind of Novel atmospheric impurity airborne observation sampling instrument, this device comprises sample conveying tube, surge tank, the air sample feeding pipe, the gasoloid sample feeding pipe, one end of sample conveying tube is provided with thief hatch, the other end is communicated with surge tank one end, the other end of surge tank is communicated with the air sample feeding pipe, on the sidewall of surge tank, be communicated with the gasoloid sample feeding pipe, air-flow at a high speed enters sampling pipe by thief hatch, and in sampling pipe, keep identical speed to enter surge tank, gas enters respectively gas detecting instrument and gasoloid detector by air sample feeding pipe and the gasoloid sample feeding pipe at cylinder top after speed is slowed down in surge tank, although this device has the aerocolloidal function of collection, but have following shortcoming: the mouth of pipe direction of sampling pipe is with respect to the direction of aircraft flight, sampling process high speed gas shock sampling pipe, air-flow at a high speed makes the pipe bent position of aerosol particle adhesion and sampling pipe easily, the gasoloid loss percentage is very high, and it is inaccurate to cause gasoloid to detect.In addition, this device is larger in the cabin inner volume, takies than large space, and this is unfavorable for that baby plane inside holds other atmospheric seeing instrument.
Summary of the invention
For solving above technical deficiency, the invention provides a kind of simple in structure, economical and practical plane outside-hanging type atmospheric aerosol aviation air guide sleeve, it can improve aerocolloidal collection rate, the pressure of its sample introduction is more stable, more be conducive to aerocolloidal collection, greatly reduce the loss percentage of collecting aerosol particle, aircraft is not made any change, reduce potential safety hazard, improve feasibility and the practicality of aviation Sampling techniques.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of plane outside-hanging type atmospheric aerosol aviation air guide sleeve, comprise impact damper and sample feeding pipe, one end of sample feeding pipe is provided with injection port, it is characterized in that: impact damper is fixedly installed on the bottom of aircraft, sample feeding pipe runs through the aircraft bottom and extends in the impact damper, injection port is arranged on impact damper inside, the other end of sample feeding pipe links to each other with fast interface, described impact damper comprises air intake opening, cushion chamber and gas outlet, air intake opening, cushion chamber and gas outlet are tightly connected in turn, described cushion chamber is cylindrical tube shape, air intake opening is frusto-conical, the right output port diameter of a circle of truncated cone is 10-12 times of left port diameter of a circle, and right output port and the cushion chamber of truncated cone are tightly connected, and the right output port diameter of a circle of truncated cone is identical with the internal diameter of cushion chamber.The air intake opening of impact damper is the frusto-conical design in the sampling thief of the present invention, the advantage of this technical characterstic: swiftly flowing gas sample enters cushion chamber by air intake opening, because the right output port diameter of a circle of truncated cone is about 10-12 times of the left port diameter of a circle, swiftly flowing gas sample is decelerated to one of percentage of initial mobility after air intake opening enters cushion chamber, this kind design can be reduced to low flow velocity to extraneous high velocity air, in buffering reduction of speed process, reduce the loss percentage of particle, thereby the aerosol particle that prevents high-speed motion directly hits the impact damper inwall and sticks to the surface.
Described air intake opening left port diameter of a circle is 3.6-5mm, air intake opening right output port diameter of a circle 44-50mm, and the length of cushion chamber is 400-450mm.
The diameter of described gas outlet is less than the internal diameter of cushion chamber, the diameter 30-35mm of gas outlet.The diameter of gas outlet is in order to prevent that the gas sample in the cushion chamber from directly going out cushion chamber less than the cushion chamber internal diameter, reduces internal gas flow speed and aerocolloidal loss percentage.
Be provided with fixed support between described impact damper and the aircraft bottom, fixed support is fixedly connected with by ring flange with the aircraft bottom, and the hole that sample feeding pipe runs through in the middle of the ring flange extends to interior of aircraft.The advantage of this kind design: reduce weight and the protection sample feeding pipe of integral frame, it is impaired to prevent that sample feeding pipe is fractureed by gas shock at height in the air, improves the serviceable life of sample feeding pipe.
Be provided with hollow box body between described sample feeding pipe and the fast interface, described casing is that diameter is that 10mm and height are the cylinder of 15mm.The hollow box physical efficiency plays the secondary speed-reducing pressure stabilization function: usually in work high above the ground, air pressure meeting step-down is suitably released the pressure so hollow box is known from experience, so that outside infrabar is near engine room inside air pressure because of aircraft.
Preferably, sample feeding pipe is connected by flexible pipe with hollow box body, the flexible pipe of the preferred Teflon material of flexible pipe.The Teflon hose inner wall has the characteristics little to the gasoloid absorption affinity, and can be arbitrarily crooked, according to size in the cabin, can convenient, flexible placement hollow box body, thus the fast and easy interface links to each other with monitoring instrument.
Described fast interface is 1-4, is evenly distributed in the outside of hollow box body, and fast interface is 6.36 millimeters fast interfaces of standard.According to the multiple goal of present atmospheric research, these fast interfaces can connect respectively different atmosphere pollution monitoring instruments, such as SO
2, NO
x, the monitoring instrument such as gasoloid.This sampling thief is not only applicable to aerosol particle, also is applicable to other gas, and the scope of application is wider.
Impact damper of the present invention, fixed support and sample feeding pipe all adopt inside and outside polishing stainless steel material.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, adopt sampling thief of the present invention, air-flow is through surge tank, hollow box body, and the pressure of its sample introduction is more stable, and the sample introduction flow velocity more is conducive to gasoloid and collects less than 1m/s; The impact damper that is positioned at the aircraft outside can be lowered into low speed flow with the high velocity air buffering, enter sample feeding pipe by injection port, change the in the past straight pipe type injection port of sampling thief, avoid high velocity air directly to enter sampling pipe, prevent that the aerosol particle thing from adhering on the buffering tank skin, improve the collection rate of the atmospheric aerosol particle that enters injection port, reduce particle loss.
2, the present invention is simple in structure, economical and practical, and starting material are easy to get, and are easy to process, need not heating, can not produce static;
3, the present invention is of many uses, small investment, and it is convenient to use, and has practice significance, improves feasibility and the practicality of aviation Sampling techniques, can be used for daily sampling, aerosol science research sampling, and sample etc. is collected in work high above the ground;
4, the present invention does not make any change to aircraft when carrying out the aviation sampling, utilizes the foot bolt on the aircraft existing duck eye in bottom and the aircraft floor to install and fix, and can not cause the potential safety hazard of flight.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is flange arrangement synoptic diagram among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 adopts existing sampling thief to sample the photo of aerosol particle thing on the filter membrane;
Fig. 4 adopts the present invention to sample the photo of aerosol particle thing on the filter membrane;
Wherein, 1, impact damper; 2, air intake opening; 3, cushion chamber; 4, injection port; 5, gas outlet; 6, fixed support; 7, sample feeding pipe; 8, ring flange; 9, Teflon flexible pipe; 10, casing; 11, fast interface; 12, fixed head; 13, screw hole; 14, fixed screw.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing the present invention is done to explain, but be not limited to this.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of plane outside-hanging type atmospheric aerosol aviation air guide sleeve comprises impact damper 1 and sample feeding pipe 7, and impact damper 1 links to each other with fixed support 6, and impact damper 1 is fixed on the aircraft bottom by fixed support 6.Be provided with ring flange 8 on the fixed support 6, adopt four fixed screws 14 that ring flange is fixed on the aircraft bottom fixed board 12, thereby impact damper 1 is fixed on the aircraft bottom, as shown in Figure 2.This can improve the stability of sampling thief to a great extent, promotes the security of work high above the ground.The size of flange compass and structure can change according to the caliber size of aircraft bottom, and the plane outside-hanging type atmospheric aerosol aviation air guide sleeve scope of application of the present invention is wide in range thus.
One end of sample feeding pipe 7 is provided with injection port 4, sample feeding pipe 7 runs through the aircraft bottom and extends in the impact damper 1 by the hole in the middle of the ring flange 8, injection port 4 is arranged on impact damper 1 inside, injection port 4 is bending, in knee and the cushion chamber medium line over against, can obtain by the active low speed method of sampling as much as possible like this that aerosol particle enter hollow box body 10 in the cushion chamber.The other end of sample feeding pipe 7 is located at interior of aircraft, and the other end of sample feeding pipe 7 links to each other with an end of Teflon flexible pipe 9, and the other end of Teflon flexible pipe 9 is connected with hollow box body 10, and casing 10 is that 10mm and height are the right cylinder of 15mm for diameter.Aircraft is when work high above the ground, and air pressure is understood step-down, and hollow box body 10 can suitably be released the pressure, so that outside infrabar is near engine room inside air pressure.The Teflon flexible pipe is available from Sai Kema scientific instrument company limited, Teflon flexible pipe 9 inwalls have the characteristics little to the gasoloid absorption affinity, and can be crooked arbitrarily, according to size in the cabin, can convenient, flexible placement hollow box body 10, thus the fast and easy interface links to each other with monitoring instrument.Hollow box body 10 outsides distribute equably and are provided with 4 fast interfaces 11.Fast interface 11 is the fast interface of 6.36 millimeters (1/4 inches) of standard.The multiple goal of at present atmospheric research, these fast interfaces can connect respectively different atmosphere pollution monitoring instruments, such as SO
2, NO
x, the monitoring instrument such as gasoloid.This sampling thief is not only applicable to aerosol particle, also is applicable to other gas, and the scope of application is wider.
Theoretical formula:
Q=S * V formula (1)
In the formula (1), Q=gas sample flow;
The area of S=air intake opening left port circle or cushion chamber area of section (area of air intake opening right output port circle); V=gas sample flow velocity.
S=π r wherein
2R=air intake opening left port radius of circle or cushion chamber radius (air intake opening right output port radius of a circle);
The derivation of theoretical formula:
If gas sample flow Q one is regularly, the gas sample flow that enters by air intake opening left port 3: Q
1=π r
1 2* V
1
V
1Be equivalent to aircraft flight speed, meteorological department's aircraft flight speed is at 200-300km/h usually
Entered in gas flow and the cushion chamber by the air intake opening left port that gas flow equates on the cross section, namely Q
1=Q
2
Q
2=π r
2 2* V
2, r wherein
2Be the cushion chamber inner radius values.
Can obtain following equation according to above pushing over:
πr
1 2×V
1＝πr
2 2×V
2
Therefore can derive: gas flow rate and radius squared/one is directly proportional, i.e. v
1/ v
2=r
2 2/ r
1 2
The principle of work that atmospheric aerosol aviation measurement sampling thief is concrete:
V by formula (1) release
1/ v
2=r
2 2/ r
1 2The inside radius of cushion chamber is about ten times of air intake opening left port radius of circles, swiftly flowing gas sample is decelerated to one of percentage of initial velocity after the left port of air intake opening enters impact damper, then impact damper keep identical speed and by the active sample mode in sample feeding pipe enters hollow box body, gas flow rate meets the air monitoring instrument monitoring standard less than 1m/s at this moment.Because whole process all is to carry out under the condition of low flow velocity, can not cause aerosol particle greater loss in the air.The gas sample detects analysis online by the gasoloid detecting instrument that fast interface enters at last.
In the identical situation of sampling condition, sampling all is to carry out under the velocity conditions of about 220km/h, is contrasted and can intuitively be found out by Fig. 3, Fig. 4, adopts under the same conditions the present invention to sample that aerosol particle thing quantity compares comparatively dense on the filter membrane.And adopt existing collector to collect on the filter membrane aerosol particle thing quantity almost seldom.
Contrast conclusion: adopt sampling thief of the present invention, entering injection port gas sample flow velocity after the buffer buffers of aircraft outside reduces greatly, can collect contained particulate matters in the more gasoloid, and the interior contained particulate matters of the gasoloid that existing collector collects almost seldom, thereby adopt the present invention can improve aerocolloidal collection rate and more be conducive to the gasoloid collection, reduce particle loss, improve feasibility and the practicality of aviation Sampling techniques.
Plane outside-hanging type atmospheric aerosol aviation air guide sleeve of the present invention success gathers sample in the ground space flight operations such as Shanxi.
A kind of plane outside-hanging type atmospheric aerosol aviation air guide sleeve as described in Example 1, its difference is:
The right output port diameter of a circle of truncated cone is 12 times of left port diameter of a circle, the diameter 30mm of gas outlet 5.
The interior diameter of air intake opening 2 left port circle is 3.6mm, the interior diameter 44mm of air intake opening 2 right output port circle, and the length of cushion chamber 3 is 450mm.
A kind of plane outside-hanging type atmospheric aerosol aviation air guide sleeve as described in Example 1, its difference is:
The right output port diameter of a circle of truncated cone is 10 times of left port diameter of a circle, the diameter 35mm of gas outlet 5.
Claims (8)
1. plane outside-hanging type atmospheric aerosol aviation air guide sleeve, comprise impact damper and sample feeding pipe, one end of sample feeding pipe is provided with injection port, it is characterized in that: be provided with fixed support between described impact damper and the aircraft bottom, fixed support is fixedly connected with by ring flange with the aircraft bottom, sample feeding pipe runs through the aircraft bottom and extends in the impact damper, injection port is arranged on impact damper inside, the other end of sample feeding pipe links to each other with an end of flexible pipe, the other end of flexible pipe is connected with hollow box body, the hollow box body outside distributes equably and is provided with 4 fast interfaces, described impact damper comprises air intake opening, cushion chamber and gas outlet, air intake opening, cushion chamber and gas outlet are tightly connected in turn, described cushion chamber is cylindrical tube shape, and air intake opening is frusto-conical, and the right output port diameter of a circle of truncated cone is 10-12 times of left port diameter of a circle, right output port and the cushion chamber of truncated cone are tightly connected, and the right output port diameter of a circle of truncated cone is identical with the internal diameter of cushion chamber.
2. plane outside-hanging type atmospheric aerosol aviation air guide sleeve according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described air intake opening left port diameter of a circle is 4.6mm, air intake opening right output port diameter of a circle 46mm, and the length of cushion chamber is 400-450mm.
3. plane outside-hanging type atmospheric aerosol aviation air guide sleeve according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the diameter of described gas outlet is less than the internal diameter of cushion chamber, and the diameter of gas outlet is 30-35mm.
4. described arbitrary plane outside-hanging type atmospheric aerosol aviation air guide sleeve is characterized in that according to claim 1-3, and the hole that sample feeding pipe runs through in the middle of the ring flange extends to interior of aircraft.
5. plane outside-hanging type atmospheric aerosol aviation air guide sleeve according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described hollow box body is that diameter is that 10mm and height are the cylinder of 15mm.
6. plane outside-hanging type atmospheric aerosol aviation air guide sleeve according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described flexible pipe is the Teflon flexible pipe.
7. plane outside-hanging type atmospheric aerosol aviation air guide sleeve according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described fast interface is 6.36 millimeters fast interface of standard.
8. plane outside-hanging type atmospheric aerosol aviation air guide sleeve according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described impact damper, fixed support, sample feeding pipe and hollow box body all adopt inside and outside polishing stainless steel material.
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| CN 201110146210 CN102252875B (en) | 2011-06-01 | 2011-06-01 | Externally hanging type atmospheric aerosol aviation airflow guide cover of airplane |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110146210 CN102252875B (en) | 2011-06-01 | 2011-06-01 | Externally hanging type atmospheric aerosol aviation airflow guide cover of airplane |
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| CN102252875B true CN102252875B (en) | 2013-04-03 |
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Cited By (1)
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Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2641629Y (en) * | 2003-09-03 | 2004-09-15 | 中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所 | Shell stream airosol particulate beam sampling device |
| CN201000405Y (en) * | 2007-01-24 | 2008-01-02 | 山东大学 | Novel atmospheric impurity airborne observation sampling instrument |
| CN201130114Y (en) * | 2007-11-26 | 2008-10-08 | 郝薇 | Ultrasonic atomization liquid sample injector |
| CN201207026Y (en) * | 2008-05-20 | 2009-03-11 | 东华理工大学 | Radioactive aerosol generating and sampling apparatus in radon chamber |
| CN101876717A (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2010-11-03 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | Pilotless aircraft airborne atmospheric environment detection system |
| CN202126367U (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2012-01-25 | 山东大学 | Plane outside-hanging type atmospheric aerosol aviation air guide sleeve |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102879233A (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2013-01-16 | 山东大学 | Miniature onboard reverse plug flow cloud droplet sampling device and working method thereof |
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