CN102247919A - Medical waste garbage crushing equipment - Google Patents
Medical waste garbage crushing equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN102247919A CN102247919A CN 201110160499 CN201110160499A CN102247919A CN 102247919 A CN102247919 A CN 102247919A CN 201110160499 CN201110160499 CN 201110160499 CN 201110160499 A CN201110160499 A CN 201110160499A CN 102247919 A CN102247919 A CN 102247919A
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- 239000002906 medical waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010781 infectious medical waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013024 troubleshooting Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses medical waste garbage crushing equipment, and belongs to the field of garbage treatment equipment. The equipment comprises an upper stander, a lower stander, a first-stage crusher, a second-stage crusher, a pushing mechanism, a feeding mechanism and an electric control device, wherein the upper stander is arranged on the lower stander; the first-stage crusher is arranged on the upper stander; the feeding mechanism is arranged at a feed port of the first-stage crusher; the upper stander above the feeding mechanism is provided with the pushing mechanism; the lower stander below the first-stage crusher is provided with the second-stage crusher; a feed port of the second-stage crusher corresponds to a discharge port of the first-stage crusher; and the electric control device for controlling working states of the first-stage crusher and the second-stage crusher is connected with control ends of the first-stage crusher and the second-stage crusher respectively. The crushing equipment can be used for carrying out two-stage crushing, coarse crushing and fine crushing on medical waste garbage, so that the space and the size for filling, the transport volume and the transport cost are reduced, and waste compaction for filling is facilitated. The crushing equipment has the advantages of easiness and convenience in operation, high efficiency, good crushing effect and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of garbage treatment equipment, in particular to medical waste garbage crushing equipment for reducing and recycling solid wastes.
Background
People are increasingly aware of environmental protection, and pay more and more attention to waste recovery and recycling, and under the background, the comprehensive treatment of garbage has gained more and more attention. At present, the development of the technology for reducing and recycling solid wastes is very important. After the medical waste is crushed by the crusher, the waste compaction of the landfill is facilitated, the transportation amount and the transportation cost are reduced, and the space and the volume of the landfill are reduced. At present, no equipment which can conveniently and efficiently crush medical waste garbage is available.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide medical waste garbage crushing equipment, which can solve the problems that no equipment for crushing medical waste garbage exists at present, a common household garbage crusher has small torsion and poor crushing effect, power equipment is easily damaged due to clamping in the crushing process, and the like.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an embodiment of the present invention provides a two-stage shearing crushing apparatus, including:
the device comprises an upper frame, a lower frame, a primary crusher, a secondary crusher, a material pushing mechanism, a feeding mechanism and an electrical control device; wherein,
the upper frame is arranged on the lower frame, the primary crusher is arranged on the upper frame, a feeding mechanism is arranged at a feeding port on the primary crusher, and a pushing mechanism is arranged on the upper frame above the feeding mechanism;
a second-stage crusher is arranged on the lower frame below the first-stage crusher, and a feed inlet of the second-stage crusher corresponds to a discharge outlet of the first-stage crusher;
and the electric control device for controlling the working states of the primary crusher and the secondary crusher is respectively connected with the control ends of the primary crusher and the secondary crusher.
In the above crushing apparatus, the pushing mechanism includes:
the device comprises a motor, a push rod and a pusher; wherein,
the motor drives the push rod;
the material pushing device is of an inverted L shape, the front end of the material pushing device is provided with a material pushing head for pushing materials into the feeding mechanism, and the rear end of the material pushing device is connected with the push rod and can move up and down under the driving of the push rod.
In the above crushing apparatus, the primary crusher comprises:
the crushing device comprises a crushing table, a motor, a speed reducer, a shock absorber, two transmission shafts, a plurality of crushing cutters and spacer bushes arranged at intervals; wherein,
two transmission shafts are arranged on the crushing table in parallel, the motor drives the transmission shafts through the speed reducer, the speed reducer passes through the shock absorber and is connected with the crushing table, a plurality of crushing knives and alternately arranged spacer bushes are arranged on each transmission shaft, and the crushing knives on the two transmission shafts are mutually meshed in a staggered mode at intervals to form shearing force.
The crushing cutters of the primary crusher are circular two-tooth blades, and six crushing cutters are arranged on each transmission shaft;
each transmission shaft is respectively arranged in bearings arranged at two ends of the crushing table, the bearings adopt self-aligning roller bearings with clamping sleeves, the bearings are fixed on end seats at two ends of the crushing table through end plate assemblies, and rear gland covers of the bearings adopt a palace type seal;
the bumper shock absorber comprises shock attenuation arm and polyurethane rubber spring, and wherein, shock attenuation arm one end is connected with the ring flange of speed reducer through the bolt, and the shock attenuation arm other end is through polyurethane rubber spring and crushing platform fixed connection.
In the crushing equipment, a plurality of crushing cutters and spacers which are equal in number and are arranged alternately are arranged on a transmission shaft of the primary crusher and are connected by an involute spline pair, and the spacers and the crushing cutters which are arranged in parallel on the other shaft form clearance engagement; the teeth of the crushing knives are spirally distributed in the circumferential direction; the crushing knife and the spacer bush are pressed tightly by the shaft sleeve and the round nut.
In the above crushing apparatus, the secondary crusher comprises:
the crushing device comprises two transmission shafts, a crushing workbench, a plurality of crushing cutters, a motor, a speed reducer and a shock absorber; wherein,
the two transmission shafts are arranged on the crushing workbench in parallel, each transmission shaft is provided with a plurality of crushing cutters and spacer bushes which are equal in number and are arranged alternately, the spacer bushes and the crushing cutters which are arranged in parallel on the other shaft form clearance engagement, and the crushing cutters on the two transmission shafts are mutually staggered and occluded at intervals; creating shear forces. The motor drives the transmission shaft through a speed reducer, and the speed reducer is connected with the crushing workbench through the shock absorber.
In the crushing equipment, the crushing cutter of the secondary crusher is a circular octadentate blade; six crushing cutters are arranged on each transmission shaft;
the speed ratio of the two transmission shafts is 1: 1.8;
each transmission shaft is respectively arranged in bearings arranged at two ends of the crushing table, the bearings adopt self-aligning roller bearings with clamping sleeves, the bearings are fixed on end seats at two ends of the crushing table through end plate assemblies, and rear gland covers of the bearings adopt a palace type seal;
the shock absorber comprises shock attenuation arm and polyurethane rubber spring, and wherein, shock attenuation arm one end is connected with the ring flange of speed reducer through the bolt, and the shock attenuation arm other end is through polyurethane rubber spring and crushing table fixed connection.
In the crushing equipment, a plurality of crushing cutters and spacer bushes which are equal in number and are arranged alternately are arranged on a transmission shaft of the secondary crusher and are connected by an involute spline pair, and the spacer bushes are in clearance engagement with the crushing cutters which are arranged in parallel on another shaft; the teeth of the crushing knives are spirally distributed in the circumferential direction; the crushing knife and the spacer bush are pressed tightly by the shaft sleeve and the round nut.
In the crushing equipment, an intermediate hopper is arranged between a discharge hole of the primary crusher and a feed hole of the secondary crusher, and a material level detector for detecting the height of materials is arranged in the intermediate hopper;
and a discharge hopper is arranged at the discharge outlet of the secondary crusher.
The above crushing plant further comprises:
the lifting machine is arranged on one side of the upper frame and one side of the lower frame, a guide rail is arranged on the lifting machine, a lifting hopper is arranged on the guide rail, and the lifting hopper is arranged in the guide rail through a rotary pulley.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the primary crusher and the secondary crusher are arranged in a cascade manner from top to bottom to form two-stage crushing equipment, so that the medical waste garbage can be crushed in two stages, the landfill space and the landfill volume are reduced, the transportation amount and the transportation cost are reduced, and the landfill waste compaction is facilitated. The crushing equipment has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation, high crushing efficiency, good effect and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a crushing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a material pushing mechanism of the crushing device provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a primary crusher configuration of a crushing plant according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a crushing blade of a primary crusher of a crushing plant according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the engagement state of crushing blades of a primary crusher of the crushing plant according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a crushing blade of a secondary crusher of the crushing plant according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the engagement state of crushing blades of a secondary crusher of the crushing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;
the parts corresponding to the reference numerals in the figures are: 1-a material pushing mechanism; 2-a feeding mechanism; 3-a shock absorber; 4, mounting the frame; 5-a first speed reducer; 6-first-stage crusher; 7-an intermediate hopper; 8-a secondary crusher; 9-a second reducer; 10-a discharge hopper; 11-lower frame.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The two-stage shearing and crushing equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention is mainly used for crushing medical wastes (namely medical waste garbage), so that the space and the volume of landfill are reduced, the transportation amount and the transportation cost are reduced, and the waste compaction of the landfill is facilitated. As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus includes: the device comprises an upper frame 4, a lower frame 11, a primary crusher 6, a secondary crusher 8, a material pushing mechanism 1, a feeding mechanism 2 and an electric control device; the upper frame 4 is arranged above the lower frame 11, the primary crusher 6 is arranged on the upper frame 4, the feeding port on the primary crusher 6 is provided with the feeding mechanism 2, and the upper frame 4 above the feeding mechanism 2 is provided with the pushing mechanism 1;
a secondary crusher 8 is arranged on a lower frame 11 below the primary crusher 6, and a feed inlet of the secondary crusher 8 corresponds to a discharge outlet of the primary crusher 6;
the electric control device for controlling the working states of the primary crusher 6 and the secondary crusher 8 is respectively connected with the control ends of the primary crusher 6 and the secondary crusher 8.
As shown in fig. 2, the pushing mechanism 1 in the crushing device is composed of a motor 11, a push rod 12 and a pusher 13; wherein, the motor 11 drives the push rod 12 and the pusher 13 on the push rod 12; the material pushing device 13 is of an inverted L shape, the front end of the material pushing device is provided with a material pushing head for pushing materials into the feeding mechanism 2, and the rear end of the material pushing device 13 is connected with the push rod 12 and can move up and down under the driving of the push rod 12. The material pushing mechanism 1 is arranged at the starting end of feeding, so that the phenomena of suspension and bridging of heated and cooked materials in the hopper can be effectively prevented.
As shown in fig. 3, the primary crusher 6 includes: the crushing table 60, a motor 61, a speed reducer 62, a shock absorber 63, two transmission shafts 64, a plurality of crushing cutters 66 and a plurality of spacers 67; the two transmission shafts 64 are arranged on the crushing table 60 in parallel, the motor 61 drives the transmission shafts 64 through the speed reducer 62, the speed reducer 62 is connected with the crushing table 60 through the shock absorber 63, each transmission shaft is provided with a plurality of crushing knives 66 and a plurality of spacer bushes 67, the adjacent crushing knives are separated through a circular spacer bush arranged on the transmission shaft, the crushing knives on the two transmission shafts are mutually staggered and occluded at intervals, so that shearing force for medical waste is formed, and the medical waste can be coarsely crushed; the spacer bush on one transmission shaft is meshed with the cutting edge of the crushing cutter arranged in parallel on the other transmission shaft in a clearance manner, so that the adhesion on the cutting edge of the crushing cutter in the crushing process can be effectively removed; a side comb plate 68 which is matched with the crushing knife to be used as a static knife can be arranged on the inner wall of the crushing table at the outer side of the crushing knife so as to improve the crushing effect.
The crushing knives of the primary crusher are circular two-tooth blades (see fig. 4), six crushing knives and six spacer bushes are arranged on each transmission shaft, so that six groups of crushing knives are formed, and the meshing state of the crushing knives on the two transmission shafts is shown in fig. 5;
each transmission shaft is respectively arranged in bearings 65 arranged at two ends of the crushing table, the bearings 65 adopt self-aligning roller bearings with adapter sleeves, the bearings are fixed on end seats at two ends of the crushing table 60 through end plate assemblies 610, and rear gland covers of the bearings 65 adopt a palace type seal 69; the two transmission shafts can rotate relatively under the drive of the motor and the speed reducer, so that the crushing cutters on the transmission shafts are staggered to form shearing force;
the damper 63 is composed of a damping arm and a polyurethane rubber spring, wherein one end of the damping arm is connected with a flange of the speed reducer through a bolt, and the other end of the damping arm is fixedly connected with the crushing table through the polyurethane rubber spring. Impact and vibration of the transmission shaft can be effectively relieved through the shock absorber, and therefore the service life of the primary crusher is prolonged.
A plurality of crushing cutters arranged on a transmission shaft of the primary crusher are connected with spacers arranged between adjacent crushing cutters by involute spline pairs; the teeth of the crushing knives are spirally distributed in the circumferential direction; the crushing knife and the spacer bush are pressed tightly by the shaft sleeve and the round nut. Thereby avoiding loosening from impact.
The construction of the secondary crusher 8 in the crushing plant described above is substantially the same as the construction of the primary crusher 6, see fig. 3 for a primary crusher, which secondary crusher 8 comprises: the crushing device comprises two transmission shafts, a crushing workbench, a plurality of crushing cutters, a plurality of spacer bushes, a motor, a speed reducer and a shock absorber; the crushing device comprises a crushing worktable, two transmission shafts, a plurality of crushing knives, a plurality of annular spacers and a plurality of annular spacers, wherein the annular spacers are arranged on the transmission shafts; the motor drives the transmission shaft through a speed reducer (namely, a second speed reducer in fig. 1), and the speed reducer is connected with the crushing workbench through the shock absorber.
The crushing knife of the secondary crusher is a circular octadentate blade (see figure 6); the number of the crushing knives on each transmission shaft is six, and the spacer bush on one transmission shaft and the cutting edge of the crushing knife at the corresponding position of the parallel arrangement of the other transmission shaft form clearance engagement, so that the adhesion on the cutting edge of the crushing knife in the crushing process can be effectively removed; the six groups of crushing knives can effectively crush medical waste garbage; the speed ratio of the two transmission shafts is 1: 1.8, so that the medical waste garbage after coarse crushing output by the primary crusher can be finely crushed at a higher speed; the engagement of the crushing blades on the two drive shafts of the secondary crusher 8 can be seen in fig. 7.
Each transmission shaft is respectively arranged in bearings arranged at two ends of the crushing table, the bearings adopt self-aligning roller bearings with clamping sleeves, the bearings are fixed on end seats at two ends of the crushing table through end plate assemblies, and rear gland covers of the bearings adopt a palace type seal; thereby effectively protecting the bearing from water and dust.
The shock absorber of the secondary crusher comprises a shock absorption arm and a polyurethane rubber spring, wherein one end of the shock absorption arm is connected with a flange of the speed reducer through a bolt, and the other end of the shock absorption arm is fixedly connected with the crushing workbench through the polyurethane rubber spring. Impact and vibration on the transmission shaft can be effectively relieved through the shock absorber, and therefore the service life of the secondary crusher is prolonged.
A plurality of crushing cutters arranged on a transmission shaft of the secondary crusher are connected with spacers arranged between adjacent crushing cutters by involute spline pairs; the teeth of the crushing knives are spirally distributed in the circumferential direction; the crushing knife and the spacer bush are pressed tightly by the shaft sleeve and the round nut. Thereby avoiding loosening from impact.
In the crushing equipment, an intermediate hopper is arranged between a discharge port of a primary crusher and a feed port of a secondary crusher, a material level detector for detecting the height of a material is arranged in the intermediate hopper, the quantity of the material output from the primary crusher to the secondary crusher is detected, and the stacking height of the material is controlled; and the two side walls of the feed hopper of the feeding mechanism and the middle hopper are provided with movable material doors, so that the maintenance and the cleaning are convenient. The discharge hopper is arranged at the discharge port of the secondary crusher, so that materials can fall into the screw conveyor from the discharge hopper and can be discharged to the special transport vehicle after being finely crushed by the secondary crusher.
The above crushing apparatus may further comprise: the lifting machine is arranged on one side of the upper frame and one side of the lower frame, a guide rail is arranged on the lifting machine, a lifting hopper is arranged on the guide rail, and the lifting hopper is arranged in the guide rail through a rotary pulley. The medical waste garbage to be crushed can be loaded into the feeding mechanism of the primary crusher through the lifting machine.
Among the above-mentioned crushing equipment, crushing platform, crushing workstation of first grade breaker, second grade breaker can comprise preceding, rear end seat and left and right side wall, and the end seat is divided into two parts by the round pin axle location down, and all spare parts, parts form through the finish machining, form the inseparable steel construction welded frame structure of combination, have firmly, reliably, advantage such as indeformable.
The transmission shaft, the crushing knife, the comb plate and other wearing parts in the primary crusher and the secondary crusher of the crushing equipment are made of repairable materials and are arranged in the primary crusher and the secondary crusher in a replaceable mode.
The electric control system of the crushing equipment can be realized through PLC control. The electric control cabinet panel is integrated with required function buttons and indicator lamps, so that manual, automatic and remote control and state display of the crusher are realized.
The material pusher (electric push rod) arranged at the feed hopper of the feeding mechanism of the primary crusher can push materials into the feed hopper so as to prevent the materials from bridging. The four position switches are arranged on the pusher, and the two outermost sides are respectively an upper end limit position and a lower end limit position so as to protect the pusher from being damaged; the middle two are respectively a working original point position and a working final point position which are used for adjusting the working area of the pusher.
The lateral wall of the feed hopper (namely the middle hopper) of the secondary crusher is provided with two material position switches which can be used for controlling the material height of the feed hopper of the secondary crusher.
The operation of the crusher equipment is mainly divided into three modes, namely manual, automatic and remote, and is switched by a manual/automatic/remote selection switch on an electric control cabinet panel. When a manual mode is required on site, the selection switch is turned to a manual position, and a manual indicator lamp is turned on, and then buttons on the panel are operated as required. When the automatic mode operation is needed, the selection switch is turned to an automatic position, the automatic indicator lamp is turned on, then the automatic start lamp is turned on after the automatic start lamp is pressed, and meanwhile, the equipment starts to operate automatically. The pusher automatically returns to the original working point, the secondary crusher is started for a period of time first, and then the coarse crusher is started. After the material enters the first-level crushing hopper, the electric push rod receives a 'first-level crushing hopper feeding finishing signal' and is started according to the automatic operation rhythm, and until the material is crushed, the pusher returns to the original working point to wait for the next material to enter the bin.
The automatic operation rhythm of the pusher is as follows: under the automatic operation fault-free state, the material pusher firstly operates KT1 time, then stops KT2 time, then operates KT1 time. The time of KT1 and KT2 is set by two time relays KT1 and KT2, so that the material pushing of the material pusher is ensured to be synchronous with the material.
When equipment breaks down, the trouble lamp on the panel can be consulted to carry out troubleshooting. If faults such as overload or sudden stop occur in the automatic working process, the equipment stops running, the manual position is required to be hit to process related faults, and after the processing is finished, the automatic position is hit again to restart the automatic working. One of the conditions for the automatic normal operation of the crusher is: the 'crusher starting permission communication signal' is signaled, and if no signal is signaled, the 'automatic starting indicator lamp' flickers to give a prompt.
The set of electrical control system is scientific and convenient in operation on the premise of ensuring personal safety and operation safety, can realize three operation modes of local manual operation, local automatic operation and remote automatic operation, adapts to various operation requirements, is convenient in adjustment of various parameters, saves cost, and is efficient and energy-saving.
Among the above-mentioned crushing equipment, the one-level breaker carries out refining and coarse crushing, and the second grade breaker carries out the fine crushing. Because the end part of the transmission shaft of the crusher is provided with multiple sealing protections, the transmission system and the bearing have good dustproof, waterproof and lubricating performances. The crushing equipment is suitable for shearing and crushing medical wastes subjected to high-temperature cooking, and the crushing granularity is 50 mm. The crushed material comprises: clinical waste from hospitals, surgical residues, dressings, assay waste, infectious waste, waste drugs, medical instruments, and the like. After the medical waste is crushed, the space and volume of the landfill, the transportation amount and the transportation cost are reduced, and the waste compaction of the landfill is facilitated.
The working process of the crushing equipment comprises the following steps: before the material is about to enter the feed hopper, the second-stage crusher is started to operate, and after the transportation and loading (operation) are normal, the first-stage crusher is started to operate. When the crusher is stopped, the first-stage crusher is stopped first, and the second-stage crusher is stopped after delay.
After the materials are cooked at a high temperature of 130-150 ℃, the materials are lifted above the frame by a lifter along with a skip car and then poured into a feeding hopper in a tipping manner, meanwhile, a material pusher positioned above the feeding hopper is pushed by an electric push rod to descend, and the materials are sent into a primary crusher for material refining and coarse crushing; the first-stage crusher is respectively provided with a speed reducer by a respective motor driving shaft to drive a respective transmission shaft assembly. Six groups of circular two-tooth blades on the transmission shaft rotate relatively to form shearing force for roughly crushing materials, and the pair of counter-moving blades shear and grab the materials with larger volume to reduce the size of the materials.
The material after coarse crushing falls into the intermediate hopper from the gap of the two teeth successively, the material directly enters the secondary crusher through the intermediate hopper for fine crushing, the secondary crusher drives the speed reducer by respective motor driving shaft to drive respective transmission shaft components, six groups of circular eight-tooth blades on the transmission shaft rotate relatively, the speed ratio of the two transmission shafts is 1: 1.8, the material shearing is accelerated, and the phenomenon of material accumulation is avoided in the fine crushing process. After being crushed, the materials fall into the screw conveyer from the discharge hopper and are discharged to a special transport vehicle.
In conclusion, the two-stage shearing and crushing equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation and good crushing effect, and after medical wastes are crushed, the space and volume of landfill, the transportation amount and the transportation cost are effectively reduced, and the waste compaction of landfill is facilitated.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A medical waste crushing apparatus, characterized in that it comprises:
the device comprises an upper frame, a lower frame, a primary crusher, a secondary crusher, a material pushing mechanism, a feeding mechanism and an electrical control device; wherein,
the upper frame is arranged on the lower frame, the primary crusher is arranged on the upper frame, a feeding mechanism is arranged at a feeding port on the primary crusher, and a pushing mechanism is arranged above the feeding mechanism;
a second-stage crusher is arranged on the lower frame below the first-stage crusher, and a feed inlet of the second-stage crusher corresponds to a discharge outlet of the first-stage crusher;
and the electric control device for controlling the working states of the primary crusher and the secondary crusher is respectively connected with the control ends of the primary crusher and the secondary crusher.
2. The medical waste garbage crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pushing mechanism comprises:
the device comprises a motor, an aluminum alloy push rod and a material pusher; wherein,
the motor drives the push rod;
the material pushing device is of an inverted L shape, the front end of the material pushing device is provided with a material pushing head for pushing materials into the feeding mechanism, and the rear end of the material pushing device is connected with the push rod and can move up and down under the driving of the push rod.
3. The medical waste crushing apparatus of claim 1 wherein the primary crusher comprises:
the crushing device comprises a crushing table, a motor, a speed reducer, a shock absorber, two transmission shafts, a plurality of crushing cutters and spacer bushes; wherein,
two transmission shafts are arranged on the crushing table in parallel, the motor drives the transmission shafts through a speed reducer, the speed reducer passes through the shock absorber and is connected with the crushing table, a plurality of crushing knives and spacer bushes are arranged on each transmission shaft, and the crushing knives on the two transmission shafts are meshed in a staggered mode at intervals.
4. The medical waste garbage crushing equipment according to claim 3, wherein the crushing knives of the primary crusher are circular two-tooth blades, and the number of the crushing knives on each transmission shaft is six;
each transmission shaft is respectively arranged in bearings arranged at two ends of the crushing table, the bearings adopt self-aligning roller bearings with clamping sleeves, the bearings are fixed on end seats at two ends of the crushing table through end plate assemblies, and rear gland covers of the bearings adopt a palace type seal;
the bumper shock absorber comprises shock attenuation arm and polyurethane rubber spring, and wherein, shock attenuation arm one end is connected with the ring flange of speed reducer through the bolt, and the shock attenuation arm other end is through polyurethane rubber spring and crushing platform fixed connection.
5. The medical waste garbage crushing equipment according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a plurality of crushing knives arranged on a transmission shaft of the primary crusher and spacer bushes arranged between adjacent crushing knives are connected by an involute spline pair; the teeth of the crushing knives are spirally distributed in the circumferential direction; the crushing knife and the spacer bush are pressed tightly by the shaft sleeve and the round nut.
6. The medical waste crushing apparatus of claim 1 wherein the secondary crusher comprises:
the crushing device comprises two transmission shafts, a crushing workbench, a plurality of crushing cutters, spacer bushes, a motor, a speed reducer and a shock absorber; wherein,
the two transmission shafts are arranged on the crushing workbench in parallel, each transmission shaft is provided with a plurality of crushing cutters and alternately arranged spacer bushes, and the crushing cutters on the two transmission shafts are alternately meshed in a staggered manner; the motor drives the transmission shaft through a speed reducer, and the speed reducer is connected with the crushing workbench through the shock absorber.
7. The medical waste garbage crushing device according to claim 6, wherein the crushing knife of the secondary crusher is a circular octadentate blade; six crushing cutters are arranged on each transmission shaft;
the speed ratio of the two transmission shafts is 1: 1.8;
each transmission shaft is respectively arranged in bearings arranged at two ends of the crushing table, the bearings adopt self-aligning roller bearings with clamping sleeves, the bearings are fixed on end seats at two ends of the crushing table through end plate assemblies, and rear gland covers of the bearings adopt a palace type seal;
the shock absorber comprises shock attenuation arm and polyurethane rubber spring, and wherein, shock attenuation arm one end is connected with the ring flange of speed reducer through the bolt, and the shock attenuation arm other end is through polyurethane rubber spring and crushing table fixed connection.
8. The medical waste garbage crushing equipment as claimed in claim 6 or 7, wherein the plurality of crushing knives arranged on the transmission shaft of the secondary crusher and the spacer bushes arranged between the adjacent crushing knives are coupled by involute spline pairs; the teeth of the crushing knives are spirally distributed in the circumferential direction; the crushing knife and the spacer bush are pressed tightly by the shaft sleeve and the round nut.
9. The medical waste garbage crushing equipment according to claim 1, wherein an intermediate hopper is arranged between the discharge port of the primary crusher and the feed port of the secondary crusher, and a material level detector for detecting the height of the material is arranged in the intermediate hopper;
and a discharge hopper is arranged at the discharge outlet of the secondary crusher.
10. The medical waste crushing apparatus of claim 1 further comprising:
the lifting machine is arranged on one side of the upper frame and one side of the lower frame, a guide rail is arranged on the lifting machine, a lifting hopper is arranged on the guide rail, and the lifting hopper is arranged in the guide rail through a rotary pulley.
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| CN201110160499.9A CN102247919B (en) | 2011-06-15 | 2011-06-15 | Medical waste garbage crushing equipment |
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| CN201110160499.9A CN102247919B (en) | 2011-06-15 | 2011-06-15 | Medical waste garbage crushing equipment |
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| CN102247919A true CN102247919A (en) | 2011-11-23 |
| CN102247919B CN102247919B (en) | 2014-09-10 |
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| CN104001581A (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2014-08-27 | 徐学翠 | Small-sized medical waste crushing bucket |
| CN104689891A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-06-10 | 中山市奥美森工业有限公司 | Structure for protecting bearing in garbage crusher |
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| CN107876175A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-04-06 | 广东利世康低碳科技有限公司 | A kind of utensil garbage pre-processing device |
| CN107952566A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-04-24 | 叠彩区千牛起重设备经营部 | A kind of refuse grinder |
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| CN112781052A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-05-11 | 中山斯瑞德环保科技有限公司 | Feeding system and feeding method for waste incineration pretreatment |
| CN116066831A (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-05-05 | 博耐特瑞(北京)环保科技有限公司 | Garbage disposal system and method |
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