CN102233602B - Compressed wood short-period production technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a compressed wood short-period production technology. The technology is characterized by separating compression and formation processes of wood by combining a compression roller, a mold, a fixture releasing device, a fixture and a high-temperature high-pressure container. Softened wood is compressed continuously in a hot-in-hot-out high-efficiency low-energy-consumption mode; and the compressed wood is formed discontinuously in the container by using high-temperature high-pressure saturated steam together with the fixture. The wood to be compressed mainly comprises low-grade raw wood in a made forest, square wood and plates; and the raw wood can be directly compressed and reshaped into the square wood and other section-shaped products, so that the utilization rate of the wood is greatly improved, and machining processes are reduced. The produced compressed wood can be used as high-quality solid wood materials and used for interior decoration of wood structural houses, handicraft sculptures, furniture, floors and the like.

Description

A kind of compressed wood short-period production technology

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of inferior grade timber of using through horizontal hot pressing, change the technology of its performance and shape.

Background technology:

Timber laterally can improve its density and intensity through hot-pressing processing, reaches and changes the purpose that performance meets people's needs.Just there have been the timber compressed products in 20 beginnings of the century Germany and the U.S. and about the patent of manufacture compressed wood, the former Soviet Union also makes dry method and the wet processing of producing compressed wood in the thirties in 20th century, China also develops compressed wood wood shuttle and colliery compressed wood anchor pole for weaving at 20 middle of century.Because production efficiency is low, timber resources is also relatively abundant, and compressed wood does not only enter daily life for some specific uses for a long time.Early 1990s, the Japan scientist was for solving the low Geological Problems of national artificial forest wood, carried out the compression shaping research of cryptomeria material, Logs of small diameter directly is compressed into to square bar with special press after softening, had so not only improved material but also improved timber utilization rate.The maximum difficult point of compressed wood is the stable of size, and compressed timber runs into the wet easy resilience of G&W.People's impregnating resin commonly used or heat-treating methods, fix its shape.Resin method has the problem of cost and environmental protection, so heating is subject to special concern, wherein high-temperature steam process because of its required time short, to the little and tool development prospect of intensity effect.Only timber is carried out to hydrothermal treatment consists and not the compressed wood of the specially treated such as impregnating resin, metallization be called common compressed wood.

The manufacture main method of current common compressed wood has three kinds: after timber being softened, with hot press, be compressed to predetermined size 1., at heat-insulation pressure keeping 40min-60min more than 120 ℃, then under the pressurize condition, when naturally cooling to the compressed wood central temperature and being down to 30 ℃-40 ℃, take out.This method timber stopped more than 2 hours in hot press, and pressing plate is by heat to cold, and the time, long energy consumption was large, and the compressed wood resilience obtained is still very large.2. hot pressing temperature in front method is brought up to 180 ℃-220 ℃, heat-insulation pressure keeping 20 hours-30 hours, then cool to 60 ℃ of taking-ups, although compression is fixed fully, oversize and compressed wood intensity of time is affected.3. an inside in the airtight high temperature high pressure process container with compressing mechanism, with the softening timber of high temperature and high pressure steam, then by its compression, and with high temperature and high pressure steam, process under compressive state, with saturated vapor respective handling 8min or the 1min of 180 ℃ or 200 ℃, then be cooled to take out below 60 ℃.Such compression also is fixed substantially fully, and the cycle, more than 1 hour, weak point was the device costliness, operation, complex management, and steam is difficult for entering in large scale timber.

In order to shorten the compressed wood production cycle, people also study microwave and high-frequency heating are used on the softening and compression of timber fixing.

Along with the wildwood resource reduces day by day, how effectively to utilize the artificial forest wood resource to become the important topic of whole world joint research exploitation, compressed wood will be the important channel of improving the artificial forest wood performance and utilizing its performance development new product, compressed wood can be widely used in the place of various high-quality solid wood application, as timber structure room, floor, furniture, decorating and renovating material etc.But the compressed wood production cycle is long at present, energy consumption is higher is the bottleneck of its development of restriction, this is that the present invention wishes to solve.

Summary of the invention:

Main feature of the present invention is, with multipair pressure roller, the timber after softening being connected to the compression band pushes, make it by a hollow mould with certain taper and the section configuration that requires, carry out compression shaping for the second time, the whirligig at mould outlet place by steel cable immediately continuously, tightly, after being wrapped in equably compression, just stretched out on the timber not yet rebounded of mould, limit its bounce-back, the timber wound is sent into the high temperature high voltage resistant container immediately, after formalizing and process 30min-60min with the saturated vapor of 180-200 ℃, compressed wood is taken out to the space of putting certain heat insulation function into, make it slowly naturally cooling,

Described pressure roller is paired, along continuous straight runs and vertical direction layout, and the timber after the strength of pressure roller quantity and transmission should be able to guarantee to soften is by mould, and the linear velocity of pressure roller requires adjustable continuously, on described pressure roller, installs conveyer belt additional;

The timber that described mould can be sent to pressure roller is compressed, can be by adjusting or the transposing mould, to the timber surrounding or only part is compressed;

The diameter of described steel cable is 2mm-4mm, and steel cable can Reusability, and the rotating speed of steel cable applicator is adjustable continuously.

Major advantage of the present invention is: 1. use the steel cable of being convenient to do mechanization operation as fixture, make timber compression and setting be separated into possibility, the compression process of timber can be carried out continuously, and compression device can efficiently utilize.2. combine and replace the hot press compression with roll-in and mould extruding, not only efficiency greatly improves, and equipment manufacturing cost is lower, can produce long size, the product that section configuration is more complicated simultaneously.3. all keep relative stability and needn't change with timber from the temperature of softening, being compressed to the setting all devices, belong to heat-thermal process, thereby it is low to consume energy, conventional several compression methods are all hot-cold technique, equipment is heated cooling repeatedly with compressed timber, power consumption is inevitable very high.4. use steel cable as fixture, when setting is processed, high temperature and high pressure steam is easy to enter timber from surrounding, thereby more even more rapidly.In conventional method, timber is pushed down by pressing plate, and steam can only enter from two ends and minority gap.

Specific implementation method:

The timber of compression can be flitch, plank and log.

Embodiment one:

Usually log directly being compressed into to square bar and being called shaping wood, is nearly more than ten years a kind of new method out in compressed wood, is also have prospect a kind of.At present be mainly to process the following undersized log of diameter 20cm, below introduce specific practice:

Comparatively perfectly straight, light and soft log as cryptomeria, China fir, willow on demand length block, gas is done or forced-air drying to 20% left and right moisture content, the drying of belt leather is slower, but the less crackle of wood surface and can be formed with the special decorative pattern of decorative effect, that removes the peel is contrary, should be depending on product purpose so whether remove the peel.Also should take to prevent in addition the measure of end check.

2. the juggle that will reach water content requirement is with the steam thermoplastic 30min left and right of 120 ℃.

3. the juggle softened is placed on the feed roller of compression shaping device and carries out compression shaping, the temperature of device should keep 100 ℃ of left and right, speed can be 0.5m-2m/min, cable diameter can be 2mm-4mm, the highest 50% left and right that can be of compression ratio, bounce determines compression shaping speed and cable diameter.Section can be square, rectangle, ellipse etc., the adjustment that compression ratio and section configuration can be by moulds or select to realize.

4. by compression shaping, good juggle is inserted in handtailor container, depending on seeds and section size, process 30min-60min with the saturated steam setting of 180 ℃-200 ℃, take out immediately the space that is placed in certain insulating power, allow it naturally slowly cool to below 40 ℃.

5. cooled juggle two ends are clamped on special device, rotate the recovery steel cable, in order to recycling.

6. the shaping wood made just can carry out conventional timber processing by purposes and come into the market.

Embodiment two:

To being difficult for timber dry or special production floor, can be sawn into plate and only be compressed and not shaping.

1. treating selvedge plank gas is done to 20% left and right moisture content.

2. softening with 120 ℃ of saturated steams, the time is relevant with thickness of slab, about 20min-40min.

3. should compress by several plates, overlapping thickness and the width of plank are roughly suitable simultaneously.In order to guarantee that the plate face has better quality, also can between every two planks, add one with plank onesize, the steel plate of thickness 2mm-3mm, steel plate should be preheating to 150 ℃ of left and right.If necessary, steel plate can process special decorative pattern, in the hope of obtaining special compression plank.

4. later operation, substantially with mode one, just should be adjusted mould and make its width to plank not produce compression.

Claims (1)

1. a compressed wood short-period production method, it is characterized in that: with multipair pressure roller, the timber after softening is connected to the compression band and push, make it by a hollow mould with certain taper and the section configuration that requires, carry out compression shaping for the second time, the whirligig at mould outlet place by steel cable immediately continuously, tightly, after being wrapped in equably compression, just stretched out on the timber not yet rebounded of mould, limit its bounce-back, the timber wound is sent into the high temperature high voltage resistant container immediately, after formalizing and process 30min-60min with the saturated vapor of 180-200 ℃, compressed wood is taken out to the space of putting certain heat insulation function into, make it slowly naturally cooling,

Described pressure roller is paired, along continuous straight runs and vertical direction layout, and the timber after the strength of pressure roller quantity and transmission should be able to guarantee to soften is by mould, and the linear velocity of pressure roller requires adjustable continuously, on described pressure roller, installs conveyer belt additional;

The timber that described mould is sent to pressure roller is compressed, by adjusting or the transposing mould, to the timber surrounding or only part is compressed;

The diameter of described steel cable is 2mm-4mm, described steel cable Reusability, and the rotating speed of steel cable applicator is adjustable continuously.