CN102212067B - 藤黄属衍生物、其制备方法和医药用途 - Google Patents
藤黄属衍生物、其制备方法和医药用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102212067B CN102212067B CN2010101393851A CN201010139385A CN102212067B CN 102212067 B CN102212067 B CN 102212067B CN 2010101393851 A CN2010101393851 A CN 2010101393851A CN 201010139385 A CN201010139385 A CN 201010139385A CN 102212067 B CN102212067 B CN 102212067B
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- compound
- hydroxyl
- reaction
- xanthone
- methyl
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- C07D493/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D493/10—Spiro-condensed systems
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Abstract
本发明涉及药物化学领域,具体涉及一类藤黄属衍生物(I)及其制备方法和医药用途。其中R1、R2的定义同说明书,本发明的衍生物是藤黄酸化合物的结构简化物,具有抗肿瘤作用,可用于制备抗肿瘤药物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物化学领域,具体涉及一类藤黄属衍生物及其制备方法和在制药中的应用。该衍生物是藤黄酸化合物的结构简化物,具有抗肿瘤作用,可用于制备抗肿瘤药物。
背景技术
天然产物藤黄酸首次由Garcinia属植物的藤黄树脂中提取获得,是藤黄树脂中重要的抗肿瘤有效成分。研究表明:藤黄酸能够选择性的杀死各种肿瘤细胞,而对正常的造血系统和免疫功能没有影响。藤黄酸还能够与多种和肿瘤发生与侵袭相关的蛋白结合从而诱导细胞凋亡,可作为一种有效地针对多种肿瘤系的细胞凋亡诱导剂。藤黄酸的结构式如下:
由于藤黄酸具有较大的分子量,在结构修饰中增加相应基团可能导致成药性不理想,且藤黄酸的来源依赖于天然产物提取分离,不利于工业生产。有相关文献报道其结构简化物II,通过抗药理测试发现抗肿瘤活性比藤黄酸有较大程度的下降,不具备成药性特征。(Bioorganic& Medicinal Chemistry 16(2008)4233-4241)。
发明内容
本发明通过先导化合物结构简化的策略,首次合成了基于藤黄酸桥环结构的结构简化物。本发明的化合物具有与藤黄酸相当的抗肿瘤活性,有望开发成为抗肿瘤药物。
本发明的化合物结构式(I)如下:
其中R1表示单取代或多取代,单取代时,R1表示羟基;多取代时,其中一个取代基是羟基,其它取代基选自氨基、羟基、硝基、氰基、C1~C6的烷基或C2~C6烯基。也就是说R1表示至少一个是羟基,它可以是仅仅一个羟基取代,也可以由一个羟基,另一个选自上述其它取代基中的一个或几个取代基取代。试验发现,在结构式I的系列化合物中,R1表示至少一个羟基的化合物活性明显好于化合物II的活性。
R2表示氢、卤素、羟基、C1~C4的烷氧基、C1~C4的烷基胺基、C1~C4的酰胺基、羧基或醛基。
R1优选表示单取代,取代基优选羟基。
R1还优选表示双取代,其中一个取代基优选羟基,另一个取代基优选异戊稀基。
R2优选表示氢、羟基、醛基、羧基或酰胺基。
本发明的化合物用下列方法制备,其反应式为:
试剂与条件:a.K2CO3,KI,甲基丁炔氯,CuI,丙酮;b.10%Pd/BaSO4,乙酸乙酯;c.DMF(N,N-二甲基甲酰胺)。
以R1表示羟基、R2表示氢的化合物为例,其他取代基可以参考此方法,更为详细、更为优选的制备方法如下:
将化合物1与2经两步反应得化合物3,化合物1与2在室温条件下,反应12~18小时。反应溶剂优选乙醚,反应液中应加入三氯化铝。待反应完毕后,所得产物不经处理在强碱条件下加热至回流反应20~30小时得化合物3。反应溶剂优选水∶甲醇=1∶1~4∶1,反应液中应加入无机碱,如氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾等。
化合物3在40%的氢溴酸和冰醋酸的混合溶液中下加热回流6小时得化合物4。溶剂比例为冰醋酸∶40%氢溴酸=1∶1~4∶1。
当R1为羟基时,化合物5与二苯二氯甲烷反应得化合物6,溶剂优选二甲苯、二苯醚,温度优选160℃~180℃。
化合物6在室温条件下与氯甲基甲醚反应得化合物7,反应溶剂可选乙腈、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、丙酮、二氯甲烷等,反应时间为6~10小时,反应中可加入有机碱或无机碱,如氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸钾、三乙胺等。
化合物7通过常压氢化得化合物8,反应温度为20℃~50℃,反应溶剂可选四氢呋喃、乙腈、DMF、甲醇、三氯甲烷等,反应中还应加入氢化催化剂,如5%钯碳、10%钯碳等。
当R1为前述的除羟基外其他取代基或氯甲基甲基时,化合物4与甲基丁炔氯反应得化合物9,反应温度为60℃~90℃,反应溶剂可选DMF、丙酮、乙腈、二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷等。反应中还应加入无机碱或有机碱,如氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸钾、三乙胺等,并加入氯化亚铜、碘化亚铜或碘化钾为催化剂。
化合物9经过常压氢化得化合物10,反应温度为20℃~50℃,反应溶剂可选乙酸乙酯、四氢呋喃、乙腈、乙醇等,反应中还应加入氢化催化剂,如5%钯碳、10%钯碳、5%钯-硫酸钡、10%钯-硫酸钡等。
化合物10加热至重排得化合物11,反应温度为120℃~180℃,反应溶剂可选甲苯、DMF、二苯醚等。
化合物11经过氧化得化合物12,反应温度25℃-40℃,氧化剂优选:二氧化锡和过氧叔丁醇,四醋酸铅等。反应溶剂可选,甲苯,二氯甲烷,三氯甲烷,DMF等。
当R1为羟基与异戊稀基双取代时,化合物5与甲基丁炔氯反应得化合物13,反应温度为60℃~90℃,反应溶剂可选DMF、丙酮、乙腈、二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷等。反应中还应加入无机碱或有机碱,如氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸钾、三乙胺等,并加入氯化亚铜、碘化亚铜或碘化钾为催化剂。
化合物13经过常压氢化得化合物14,反应温度为20℃~50℃,反应溶剂可选乙酸乙酯、四氢呋喃、乙腈、乙醇等,反应中还应加入氢化催化剂,如5%钯碳、10%钯碳、5%钯-硫酸钡、10%钯-硫酸钡等。
化合物14加热至重排得化合物15,反应温度为120℃~180℃,反应溶剂可选甲苯、DMF、二苯醚等。
通式(I)所述的化合物,可以采用常见的分离方法进行纯化,如重结晶,柱层析等。
本发明也包括通式(I)化合物的水合物、立体异构体和溶剂化物等。
本发明所述的化合物可以添加药学上可接受的载体制成常见的药用制剂,如片剂、胶囊、粉剂、糖浆、液剂、悬浮剂、针剂,可以加入香料、甜味剂、液体或固体填料或稀释剂等常用药用辅料。
本发明所述的化合物在临床上的给药方式可以采用口服、注射等方式。
本发明的化合物临床所用剂量为0.01mg~1000mg/天,也可根据病情的轻重或剂型的不同偏离此范围。
药理试验证明,本发明的化合物具有较强的抗肿瘤细胞增殖的活性,与天然产物藤黄酸相当,有望开发成为抗肿瘤药物。
以下是本发明部分化合物的药理学试验结果:
实验方法:取对数生长期细胞培养于96孔培养板内,每孔100μL(含1000~1200个肿瘤细胞)。次日,给药组加入含有不同浓度化合物,每药设4~5个剂量组,每组至少设3个平行孔。对照组加入与化合物等体积的溶剂。置5%CO2温箱中于37℃培养,4天后弃去培养液,每孔加入200μL 0.2%MTT溶液(RPMI1640配制)。37℃保温4h,弃去上清,每孔加入DMSO150μL溶解甲簪颗粒,轻度振荡后,用酶标仪,在参考波长450nm、检测波长570nm条件下测定光密度值(OD)。以溶剂对照处理的肿瘤细胞为对照组,用下面公式计算药物对肿瘤细胞的抑制率,并计算IC50,结果见表1。
表1化合物抑制肿瘤细胞增殖活性IC50 a
化合物编号 | 对应实施例 | MCF-7细胞IC50(μM) | BGC-823细胞IC50(μM) |
CPUYI-1 | 实施例1 | 9.16 | 3.59 |
CPUYI-2 | 实施例4 | 12.4 | 17.6 |
CPUYI-5 | 实施例10 | 5.79 | 15 |
CPUYI-6 | 实施例11 | 11.9 | 21.7 |
CPUYI-7 | 实施例12 | 10.9 | 18.2 |
CPUYI-8 | 实施例13 | 9.06 | 11.3 |
II | 13.9 | 20.3 | |
藤黄酸 | 2.19 | 2.35 |
aMCF-7:人乳腺癌细胞;BGC-823:人胃癌细胞
本发明的优点在于:无需采用分离自天然产物的藤黄酸作为原料加以修饰,可以直接通过合成得到,并且结构比藤黄酸简单,而抗肿瘤活性与藤黄酸相当,通过羟基取代,其活性优于已报道的化合物II。
具体实施方式
实施例1
3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1-(3-甲基-2-丁烯)-8-羟基-1,5-二亚甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮桥环化合物(CPUY I-1)
(1)1,5,6-三甲氧基-9H-呫吨酮的制备
将2,6-二甲氧基苯甲酸9.6g(52.8mmol)溶于干燥苯140mL中,加入草酰氯24mL,室温搅拌24小时,减压蒸干溶剂和多余的草酰氯,加入干燥的乙醚160mL溶解残留物,加入1,2,3-三甲氧基苯8.8g(52.4mmol),冰浴冷却搅拌30分钟,加入无水三氯化铝20g(152mmol),室温反应20小时,稀盐酸溶液(15%)淬灭过量的三氯化铝,乙酸乙酯(2×100mL)提取,有机层经无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩后得黄色固体16g。固体不经纯化悬浮于240mL甲醇∶水=5∶3的混合溶剂中,加入氢氧化钠23.2g(58.36mmol),110℃搅拌回流反应36小时,6mol/L盐酸调pH值为6~8,析出大量固体,抽滤,滤饼经硅胶柱层析纯化,洗脱剂(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=4∶1),得白色固体12.8g,产率85%。m.p.144.6-145.7℃;1H-NMR(300MHz,CD3COCD3):3.95(m,6H),4.01(s,3H),6.97(d,1H,J1=8.4Hz,J2=0.6Hz),7.14(d,1H,J1=8.4Hz,J2=0.6Hz),7.15(d,1H,J=9.0Hz),7.69(t,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.89(d,1H,J=9Hz);EI-MS(m/z):286(M+).
(2)1,5,6-三羟基-9H-呫吨酮的制备
将1,5,6-三甲氧基-9H-呫吨酮15g(52.5mmol)溶于氢溴酸∶醋酸=1∶2混合液500mL中,升温至120℃回流反应12小时,用10%氢氧化钠溶液调pH值为3~4,析出大量灰色固体,抽滤得土灰色片状固体9g,产率70%。m.p.300-301℃;1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):6.77(dd,1H,J1=8.3Hz,J2=0.87Hz,),6.97(d,1H,J=8.8Hz),δ7.05(dd,1H,J1=8.3Hz,J2=0.87Hz),7.57(d,1H,J=8.8Hz),7.68(t,1H,J=8.3Hz),9.53(s,1H),10.68(s,1H),12.91(s,1H);ESI-MS(m/z):243([M-H]-).
(3)7-羟基-2,2-二苯基-6H-[1,3]二氧并[4,5-c]-6-呫吨酮的制备
将5g(22.3mmol)1,5,6-三羟基-9H-呫吨酮加入到40mL二苯醚中,加入7mL(35mmol)二苯二氯甲烷,175℃反应4h。反应液冷却后加入800mL石油醚,有大量灰色固体析出,抽滤,滤饼柱层析分离纯化,洗脱剂(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=8∶1),得淡黄色固体6.1g,收率79%;m.p.203-205℃;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):6.72(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),6.90(d,J=9.3Hz,1H),6.93(d,J=9.3Hz,1H),7.34(m,6H),7.49(t,J=9.3Hz,1H),7.57(m,4H),7.82(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),12.70(s,1H);EI-MS(m/z):408.
(4)7-甲氧基亚甲氧基-2,2-二苯基-6H-[1,3]二氧并[4,5-c]呫吨酮的制备
将6.1g(14.85mmol)7-羟基-2,2-二苯基-6H-[1,3]二氧并[4,5-c]-6-呫吨酮溶于200mL丙酮中,加入NaH 1.2g(29.7mmol),0℃搅拌0.5h后加入氯甲基甲醚2.43mL(29.7mmol),加完后室温反应8h。将反应液倾入800mL冰水中,有大量白色固体析出,将固体抽滤,干燥后得白色固体6g,收率90%。m.p.138-140℃;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):3.56(s,3H),5.36(s,2H),6.94(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.04(dd,1H,J1=8.2Hz,J2=0.6Hz,1H),7.17(dd,J=8.2Hz,J2=0.6Hz,1H),7.40(m,6H),7.55(dd,J=8.2H,J2=0.6Hz),7.64(m,4H),7.89(d,J=8.4Hz,1H);EI-MS(m/z):452(M+)
(5)3,4-二羟基-7-甲氧基亚甲氧基-9H-呫吨酮的制备
将6g(13.2mmol)7-甲氧基亚甲氧基-2,2-二苯基-6H-[1,3]二氧并[4,5-c]呫吨酮溶于420ml甲醇∶四氢呋喃=1∶1的混合溶液中,加入700mg 10%钯碳,常压氢化24h。反应液抽滤,滤液浓缩,残留物柱层析分离纯化(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=1∶1),得墨绿色固体3g,收率78.5%。m.p.>300℃;1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO):3.46(s,3H),5.31(s,2H),6.90(d,1H,J=8.25Hz),7.02(dd,1H,J1=8.8Hz,J2=2.2Hz),7.14(dd,J1=8.8Hz,J2=2.2Hz),7.84(dd,1H,J1=8.8Hz,J2=2.2Hz),8.25(d,1H,J=8.25Hz);EI-MS(m/z)288(M+),288,256,244
(6)1-羟基-5,6-二甲基丁炔氧基-9H-呫吨酮的制备
将3g(10.2mmol)3,4-二羟基-7-甲氧基亚甲氧基-9H-呫吨酮溶于200mL乙腈中,依次加入(1.73g,10.2mmol)碘化钾、(7.2mL,57.12mmol)1,8-二氮杂二环-双环(5,4,0)-7-十一烯和(300mg,1.6mmol)碘化亚铜,室温搅拌10min后冰浴下加入(8.4ml,81.6mmol)甲基丁炔氯,室温反应48h后减压浓缩乙腈,然后加入800mL水和200mL乙醚并用2mol/L盐酸调pH=3左右,室温搅拌4h,用800mL乙酸乙酯分4次提取水层,无水硫酸钠干燥,有机层浓缩,残留物柱层析分离纯化,洗脱剂(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=8∶1),得得黄棕色晶体2g,收率49%。m.p.138-140℃;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):1.79(s,6H),1.83(s,6H),2.28(s,1H),2.66(s,1H),6.79(dd,J1=8.1Hz,J2=0.6Hz,1H),6.95(dd,J1=8.1Hz,J2=0.6Hz,1H),7.56(t,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.66(d,J=9Hz,1H),7.98(d,J=9Hz,1H),12.71(s,1H);EI-MS(m/z):376,310,244.
(7)1-羟基-5,6-二甲基丁烯基-9H-呫吨酮的制备
1-羟基-5,6-二甲基丁炔氧基-9H-呫吨酮(2g,5.3mmol)溶于18mL乙醇中,加入50mg 10%钯-硫酸钡常压氢化,室温反应12h。过滤,浓缩反应液,得灰色固体经石油醚洗涤后直接投入下一步反应。
(8)3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1-(3-甲基-2-丁烯)-8-羟基-1,5-二亚甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮桥环化合物的制备
将1-羟基-5,6-二甲基丁烯基-9H-呫吨酮(1.8g)溶于15mL DMF中,125℃反应6h,蒸干溶剂,残留物柱层析分离纯化(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=6∶1),得黄棕色固体1.2g,收率66%,用丙酮∶石油醚=1∶20结晶得到黄棕色晶体。m.p.130-132℃;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):0.95(s,3H),1.18~1.25(m,4H),1.30(s,3H),1.61(s,3H),2.26(dd,J1=13.5Hz,J2=4.5Hz,1H),2.37(d,J=9.6,1H),2.54(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),3.44(dd,J1=6.9Hz,J2=4.5Hz,1H),4.34(m,1H),6.43(dd,J1=8.1Hz,J2=0.9Hz,1H),6.45(dd,J1=8.1Hz,J2=0.9Hz,1H),7.32(t,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.41(d,J=9.6Hz,1H),12.00(s,1H).
实施例2
3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1-(3-甲基-2-丁烯)-8-羟基-1,5-二亚甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮桥环化合物(CPUY I-1)
(1)5,6-二羟基-1-乙酰氧基占吨酮的制备
将1,5,6-三羟基-9H-呫吨酮5g(20.5mmol)溶于35mL DMF中,依次加入5g碳酸钾,500mg碘化钾,7mL(61mmol)氯苄,65℃保温反应2h,反应液冷却后倒入2mol/L盐酸中,析出大量固体。抽滤,烘干得淡黄色固体5,6-二苄基-1-羟基-占吨酮8g,直接溶于80mL二氯甲烷中,依次加入5g DMAP,6mL醋酐,25℃保温反应2h,反应液用饱和氯化铵溶液(80mL×2)洗涤两次,水(80mL×2)洗涤,有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩成白色固体(5,6-二苄基-1-乙酰氧基占吨酮)8g,溶于400ml四氢呋喃与甲醇(1∶1)的混合溶液中,加入10%钯碳常压氢化。40℃保温反应2h,过滤,浓缩滤液,加入200mL石油醚洗涤残留物,抽滤得灰白色固体4.5g,不经纯化直接投入下一步反应。
(2)5,6-二甲基丁炔基-1-乙酰氧基占吨酮的制备
5,6-二羟基-1-乙酰氧基占吨酮(5g,17.5mmol)溶于80mL丙酮中,依次加入5g碳酸钾,5g碘化钾,1g碘化亚铜,7mL甲基丁炔氯。加热至回流5h,反应完毕,加入300mL水,80mL乙酸乙酯搅拌,分出有机层,无水硫酸钠干燥。柱层析分离(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=8∶1)得黄色固体3g,收率41%。1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):1.76(s,3H),1.82(s,3H),2.31(s,1H),2.50(s,3H),2.65(s,1H),6.97(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.42(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.59-7.69(m,2H),7.95(s,J=9Hz,1H)。
(3)5,6-二甲基丁烯基-1-乙酰氧基占吨酮的制备
5,6-二(二甲基丁炔基)-1-乙酰氧基占吨酮(3g,12.3mmol)溶于乙酸乙酯和乙醇(1∶3)70mL,加入300mg的10%的钯-硫酸钡常压氢化。常温反应16h,过滤,将溶剂减压浓缩干,直接投入下一步反应。
(4)3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1-(3-甲基-2-丁烯)-8-乙酰氧基-1,5-二亚甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮桥环化合物
将1-羟基-5,6-二甲基丁烯基-9H-呫吨酮(1.8g,7.3mmol)溶于15mL DMF中,125℃反应6h,蒸干溶剂,残留物柱层析分离(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=6∶1)得黄色固体1g,收率55.6%。1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):0.99(s,3H),1.18~1.25(m,4H),1.30(s,3H),1.61(s,3H),2.26(dd,J1=13.5Hz,J2=4.5Hz,1H),2.28(s,3H),2.37(d,J=9.6,1H),2.54(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),3.44(dd,J1=6.9Hz,J2=4.5Hz,1H),4.34(m,1H),6.43(dd,J1=8.1Hz,J2=0.9Hz,1H),6.45(dd,J1=8.1Hz,J2=0.9Hz,1H),7.32(t,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.41(d,J=9.6Hz,1H).
(5)3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1-(3-甲基-2-丁烯)-8-羟基-1,5-二亚甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮桥环化合物
将3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1-(3-甲基-2-丁烯)-8-乙酰氧基-1,5-二桥甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮桥环(1g,4mmol)化合物溶于10mL四氢呋喃和甲醇的混合溶液(1∶1)中,加入4mL 4mol/L盐酸,常温搅拌6h,加入10mL乙酸乙酯与10mL 10%碳酸氢钠溶液,分出有机层,无水硫酸钠干燥,柱层析分离(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=4∶1)得黄色固体810mg。收率90%。m.p.130-132℃;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):0.95(s,3H),1.18~1.25(m,4H),1.30(s,3H),1.61(s,3H),2.26(dd,J1=13.5Hz,J2=4.5Hz,1H),2.37(d,J=9.6,1H),2.54(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),3.42(dd,J1=6.9Hz,J2=4.5Hz,1H),4.33(m,1H),6.43(dd,J1=8.1Hz,J2=0.9Hz,1H),6.45(dd,J1=8.1Hz,J2=0.9Hz,1H),7.32(t,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.41(d,J=9.6Hz,1H),12.00(s,1H).
实施例3
(E)-3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1-(3-羟甲基-2-丁烯)-8-羟基-1,5-二亚甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮桥环化合物
(1)3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1-(3-甲基-2-丁烯)-8-羟基-1,5-二桥甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮桥环化合物的合成方法同实施例1和2。
(2)(E)-3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1-(3-羟甲基-2-丁烯)-8-羟基-1,5-二亚甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮桥环化合物的合成
将800mg的3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1-(3-甲基-2-丁烯)-8-羟基-1,5-二桥甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮桥环化合物溶于5ml二氯甲烷中,加入二氧化锡80mg和过氧叔丁醇1ml,常温搅拌24h,反应完毕后,用水洗涤3次,分出有机层,柱层析分离(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=2∶1)得黄色固体780mg,收率94%。
实施例4
3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1-(3-甲基-2-丁烯)-10-羟基-1,5-二桥甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮桥环化合物(CPUY I-2)
(1)3-羟基-4,6-二甲氧基-9H-呫吨酮的制备
将2,4-二甲氧基苯甲酸2.4g(13.14mmol)溶于干燥二氯甲烷60mL中,加入草酰氯5mL,室温搅拌24小时,蒸干溶剂,加入干燥的乙醚80mL使溶解,加入1,2,3-三甲氧基苯2.19g(13.03mmol),冰浴冷却30分钟,加入无水三氯化铝5.0g(37.5mmol),室温反应12小时,稀盐酸溶液(15%)淬灭过量的三氯化铝,乙酸乙酯(80mL×2)提取,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩所得残留物,直接用甲醇(20mL)与30%的氢氧化钠(40mL)溶液溶解,加热回流14h,用6mol/L盐酸调反应液pH值为6,抽滤,烘干得粗品3g,收率81%;m.p.120.2~121.2℃;1H-NMR(300MHz,CD3COCD3):3.98~4.03(m,9H),7.00(dd,1H,J1=8.9Hz,J2=2.4Hz),7.09(d,1H,J=2.4Hz),7.19(d,1H,J=9.0Hz),7.95(d,1H,J=9.0Hz),8.13(d,1H,J=8.9Hz);EI-MS(m/z):286[M+],271,256,241.
(2)3,4,6-三羟基-9H-呫吨酮的制备
将3-羟基-4,6-二甲氧基-9H-呫吨酮8g(2.79mmol)溶于氢溴酸∶醋酸=1∶2(V∶V)混合液160mL中,升温至120℃回流小时,用10%氢氧化钠溶液调pH值为3~4,析出大量灰色固体,抽滤,硅胶柱层析纯化(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=1∶1),得土灰色片状固体5.8g,产率85%;m.p.>300℃(文献值m.p.340-341℃);1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):6.83~6.93(m,3H,),7.50(d,1H,J=8.8Hz),8.00(d,1H,J=8.8Hz),9.28(s,1H),10.31(s,1H),10.77(s,1H),ESI-MS(m/z):243([M-H]-)
(3)9-羟基-2,2-二苯基-6H-[1,3]二氧并[4,5-c]呫吨酮的制备
将5g(21mmol)3,4,6-三羟基-9H-呫吨酮加入到30mL二苯醚中,加入7mL(36mmol)二苯二氯甲烷,175℃反应2h。冷却,加入100mL石油醚,有大量黄色固体析出,将固体抽滤,滤饼柱层析分离纯化,洗脱剂(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=4∶1),得黄色固体5.1g,收率61%;m.p.231-232℃;1H-NMR(300MHz,CD3COCD3):6.94~6.98(m,2H),7.1(d,2H,J=8.7Hz),7.47~7.50(m,6H),7.66~7.69(m,4H),7.85(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),8.10(q,J=9Hz,1H);EI-MS(m/z)408[M+],331,303,165.
(4)9-甲氧基亚甲氧基-2,2-二苯基-6H-[1,3]二氧并[4,5-c]呫吨酮的合成
将5g(2.45mmol)9-羟基-2,2-二苯基-6H-[1,3]二氧并[4,5-c]呫吨酮溶于70M1DM中,加入氢化钠515mg(4.29mmol)搅拌10分钟,加入氯甲基甲醚1.8ml(23mmol),常温反应8h。向反应液中加入200mL水,用200mL乙酸乙酯分4次提取,有机层浓缩后得到的残留物经柱层析分离纯化(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=4∶1),得白色固体5g,收率99%;m.p.179-181℃;1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3):3.44(s,3H),5.21(s,2H),6.91~6.96(m,2H),7.10(s,J1=2.4Hz,1H),7.32~7.36(m,6H),7.54~7.59(m,4H),7.82(d,1H,J=5.1Hz),8.17(d,1H,J=5.3Hz);EI-MS(m/z)452(M+),375,331,165,105.
(5)3,4-二羟基-6-甲氧基亚甲氧基-9H-呫吨酮的制备
将5g(2.2mmol)9-甲氧基亚甲氧基-2,2-二苯基-6H-[1,3]二氧并[4,5-c]呫吨酮投入到90mL乙醇∶THF=1∶1的混合溶液中,加入500mg 10%钯碳,常温常压氢化24h。反应液抽滤,滤液浓缩,残留物柱层析分离纯化(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=2∶1),得淡黄色固体5g,收率90%;m.p.>300℃;1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):3.52(s,3H),5.30(s,2H),6.97(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.04~7.07(q,J1=2.2Hz,J2=8.8Hz,1H),7.14(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),7.84(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),8.25(d,J=8.8Hz,1H);EI-MS(m/z)288(M+),258,215,187,167.
(6)3,4-二甲基丁炔基-6-甲氧基亚甲氧基-9H-呫吨酮的制备
将5g(16.5mmol)呫吨酮溶于80mL乙腈中,依次加入碘化钾2.5g(20mmol)、DBU 9.5mL和碘化亚铜250mg(0.028mmol),加入0.42ml(3.3mmol)甲基丁炔氯,室温反应24h,加入800ml水室温下搅拌15分钟,用200mL乙酸乙酯分4次提取水层,将有机层浓缩,残留物柱层析分离纯化,洗脱剂(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=8∶1),得橘黄色粉末3.5g,收率45%;m.p.128-130℃;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):1.69(s,6H),1.75(s,6H),2.26(s,1H),2.58(s,1H),3.45(s,3H),5.22(s,1H),6.96(d,J1=8.7Hz,J2=2.1Hz,1H),7.04(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.54(d,J=9Hz,1H),7.97(s,J=9Hz,1H),8.18(d,J=8.7Hz,1H);EI-MS(m/z):420,405,377,354,339,324,309,295,288,244.
(7)2-甲氧基亚甲氧基-5,6-二甲基丁烯基-9H-呫吨酮的制备
将3.5g呫吨酮溶于80mL乙醇中,加入350mg 10%钯-硫酸钡,常温常压氢化2h。反应液抽滤后滤液浓缩,残留物用柱层析分离纯化,洗脱剂(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=8∶1),得无色油状物3g,收率89%。直接投入下一步反应。
(8)3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1-(3-甲基-2-丁烯)-10-甲氧亚甲基-1,5-二桥甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮的制备
将3g 2-甲氧基亚甲氧基-5,6-二甲基丁烯基-9H-呫吨酮溶于30mL DMF中,125℃反应6h,蒸干溶剂,残留物柱层析分离纯化,得黄白色固体1.4g,收率45%;m.p.168-169℃;1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):0.92(s,3H),1.17~1.29(m,7H),1.63(s,3H),2.24(dd,J1=13.5Hz,J2=4.5Hz,1H),2.37(d,J=9.6,1H),2.51(d,J=9.3Hz,2H),3.36~3.44(m,4H),4.36(m,1H),5.15(s,2H),6.57(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),6.64(dd,J1=8.7Hz,J2=2.1Hz,1H),7.31(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),7.80(d,J=8.7Hz,1H);IR(KBr):2974.4,2909.6,1737.2,1647.4,1611.2,1499.2,1438.5,1290.5,1150.5,1079.2,1009.2,982.4;EI-MS(m/z):424,396,381,368,353,327,299,285,257;Anal.Calcd for C25H28O6(%):C 70.74,H 6.65;Found:C70.64,H 6.95.
(9)3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1-(3-甲基-2-丁烯)-10-羟基-1,5-二亚甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮的制备
将1.4g 3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1-(3-甲基-2-丁烯)-10-甲氧亚甲基-1,5-二桥甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮溶于18mL二氯甲烷∶乙醚=1∶1的混合溶液中,冰浴冷却条件下加入10mL浓盐酸,加完后室温反应1h。反应结束后用乙酸乙酯提取反应液,饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤,然后将乙酯层干燥浓缩,柱层析分离纯化,洗脱剂(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=4∶1),得黄色固体686mg,收率50%;m.p.197-199℃;1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO):1.02(s,3H),1.22~1.33(m,7H),1.68(s,3H),2.31(dd,J1=13.5Hz,,J2=3.9Hz,1H),2.42~2.57(m,3H),3.49(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),4.4(m,1H),6.46(s,1H),6.63(d,J=9Hz,1H),7.37(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),7.46(d,J=9,1H);IR(KBr):3376,3275.5,2970.6,2927.1,1738,1650,1607,1584,1493,1332,1278,1233.5,1146,958,866,745;EI-MS(m/z):379([M-H]+);Anal.Calcd for C23H24O5(%):C 72.61%H 6.36%;Found:C 72.29%H 6.54%.
实施例5
3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1-(3-羟甲基-2-丁烯)-10-羟基-1,5-二亚甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮桥环化合物
以3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1-(3-甲基-2-丁烯)-10-羟基-1,5-二桥甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮化合物为起始原料,操作步骤同实施例3,得黄色固体746mg,总收率4%。
实施例6
3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1-(3-甲基-2-丁烯)-9-羟基-1,5-二桥甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮桥环化合物(CPUY I-3)
按实施例4所述步骤,以2,5-二甲氧基苯甲酸替代2,4-二甲氧基苯甲酸,得黄色固体690mg,总收率3.3%;m.p.158-159℃1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):0.91(s,3H),1.18~1.31(m,7H),1.65(s,3H),2.27(dd,J1=13.5Hz,,J2=4.5Hz,1H),2.46(d,J=9.6,1H),2.62(d,J=9.3,2H),3.52(t,J=4.5Hz,1H),4.34(m,1H),6.04(s,1H),6.91(d,J=9Hz,1H),7.06(dd,J1=9Hz,,J2=3Hz,1H),7.35(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),7.41(d,J=3Hz,1H),EI-MS(m/z):380[M+],352,337,283,255,213;Anal.Calcd for C23H24O5(%):C 72.61%H 6.36%;Found:C 72.33%H 6.50%.
实施例7
3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1-(3-羟甲基-2-丁烯)-9-羟基-1,5-二亚甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮桥环化合物
以3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1-(3-甲基-2-丁烯)-9-羟基-1,5-二桥甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮桥环化合物为起始原料,实验操作同实施例3得黄色固体753mg,总收率为4%。
实施例8
3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1-(3-甲基-2-丁烯)-11-羟基-1,5-二桥甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮桥环化合物(CPUY I-4)
按实施例4所述步骤,以2,3-二甲氧基苯甲酸替代2,4-二甲氧基苯甲酸为起始原料,得黄色固体820mg,总收率5%;m.p.203~205℃;1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO):0.82(s,3H),1.19~1.34(m,7H),1.64(s,3H),2.27(dd,J1=13.5Hz,,J2=4.5Hz,1H),2.46~2.56(m,3H),3.45(m,1H),4.45(m,1H),5.38(s,1H),6.90(t,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.11(dd,J1=7.8Hz,J1=1.2Hz,1H),7.43(d,1H),7.46(d,J=9Hz,1H);IR(KBr):3425,2966.2,2925.1,1738.22,1650,1607,1583,1493,1377,1279,1233.9,1152,748.9;EI-MS(m/z):380,352,337,309,283,255,241,213;Anal.Calcd for C23H24O5(%):C 72.61%H 6.36%;Found:C 72.60%H 6.70%.
实施例9
3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1-(3-羟甲基-2-丁烯)-11-羟基-1,5-二亚甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮桥环化合物
以3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1-(3-甲基-2-丁烯)-11-羟基-1,5-二桥甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮桥环化合物为起始原料,操作步骤同实施例3,得黄色固体755mg,总收率为4%。
实施例10
3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1,11-二(3-甲基-2-丁烯)-10-羟基-1,5-二桥甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮桥环化合物(CPUY I-5)
(1)3,4,6-三甲基丁炔基-9H-呫吨酮的制备
将3,4,6-三甲基-9H-呫吨酮2.7g(11.07mmol)溶于100ml丙酮中,依次加入7.34g(44.28mmol,4equiv)碘化钾、6.1g(44.28mmol,4equiv)碳酸钾、0.21g(0.8mmol,0.1equiv)碘化亚铜,常温搅拌15分钟后加入甲基丁炔氯7.29ml(66.42mmol,6equiv),50℃反应6h。将反应液抽滤,滤液浓缩,残留物柱层析分离纯化,洗脱剂(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=8∶1),得橘黄色固体2.4g,收率49%。m.p.117-119℃,1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ1.76(s,12H),1.82(s,6H),2.33(s,1H),2.65(s,1H),2.69(s,1H),7.16(dd,J1=8.7Hz,J1=2.1Hz,1H),7.40(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.62(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),8.04(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),8.22(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),EI-MS(m/z):442,427,376,361,324,310,281,244
(2)3,4,6-三甲基丁烯基-9H-呫吨酮的制备
将2,5,6-三甲基丁炔基-9H-呫吨酮(22)200mg,(0.45mmol)呫吨酮溶于30ml乙醇中,加入20mg 10%Pd/BaSO4,室温反应4h。反应液抽滤后滤液浓缩,残留物用柱层析分离纯化,洗脱剂(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=8∶1),得浅绿色油状物170mg,收率85%。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):1.56(s,12H),1.60(s,6H),5.16~5.28(m,6H),6.11~6.34(m,3H),6.95(dd,J1=9Hz,J2=2.1Hz,1H),7.05~7.10(m,2H),7.89(d,J=9Hz,1H),8.14(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),EI-MS(m/z):448,436,420,405,380,365,325,312,256,244
(3)3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1,11-二(3-甲基-2-丁烯)-10-羟基-1,5-二桥甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮的制备
将2,5,6-三甲基丁烯基-9H-呫吨酮(23)120mg溶于20ml DMF中,125℃反应4h,然后将DMF减压加热蒸干,残留物经柱层析分离纯化,洗脱剂(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=4∶1),得黄色固体65mg,收率53%,用95%乙醇结晶,得到橘黄色细小晶粒。m.p.158~160℃,1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3):0.93(s,3H),1.29~1.33(m,7H),1.71(s,3H),1.77(s,3H),1.83(s,3H),2.33(dd,J1=13.5Hz,J2=4.5Hz,1H),2.50(d,J=9.3,1H),2.57(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),3.46~3.55(m,3H),4.40~4.45(m,1H),5.28(t,J=6.6Hz,1H),6.30(s,1H),6.58(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.43(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),7.80(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),IR(KBr):3438.7,2964.3,2922.1,2849.9,1738.9,1649.6,1605.3,1433.0,12984.6,1262.8,1079.6,1046.7,802,EI-MS(m/z):448,420,405,377,351,Anal.calcd forC28H32O5H2O(%):C 72.08,H 7.35;Found:C72.33,H 7.36
实施例11
3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1,8-二(3-甲基-2-丁烯)-9-羟基-1,5-二桥甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮桥环化合物(CPUY I-6)
按实施例10所述步骤,以2,5,6-羟基-9H-呫吨酮代替3,4,6-三甲基-9H-呫吨酮为起始原料,得橘黄色固体80mg,收率40%,m.p.138-139℃,1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ1.03(s,3H),1.16~1.23(m,4H),1.32(s,3H),1.63(s,3H),1.67(s,3H),1.77(s,3H),2.22(dd,J1=13.5Hz,J2=4.5Hz,1H),2.29(d,J=9.6,1H),2.56(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),3.38(dd,J1=6.9Hz,J2=4.5Hz,1H),3.88(d,J=6.6,2H),4.38(t,J=8.7Hz,1H),5.13(t,J=6.6,1H),5.39(s,1H),6.81(d,J=9Hz,1H),7.00(d,J=9Hz,1H),7.18(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),IR(KBr):3506.1,3171.6,2967.4,2918.6,1737.0,1659.6,1606.3,1486.0,1443.5,1376.5,1298.6,1221.8,1145.25,1042.6,822.7,790.5,EI-MS(m/z):448,420,378,Anal.calcd for C28H32O5H2O(%):C 72.08,H 7.35;Found:C72.10,H7.30
实施例12
1,3a,4,11a-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1,7-二(3-甲基-2-丁烯)-8-羟基-3H-1,4a-二桥甲基-10H-呋喃[3,4-b]并呫吨-10,12-二酮桥环化合物(CPUYI-7)
按实施例10所述步骤,以2,5,6-羟基-9H-呫吨酮代替3,4,6-三甲基-9H-呫吨酮为起始原料,得到橘黄色方晶40mg,收率20%,m.p.148-150℃,1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):1.30(s,3H),1.33(s,3H),1.52(s,3H),1.64(s,3H),1.67(s,3H),1.76(s,4H),2.01(dd,J1=8.4Hz,J2=14.7Hz,1H),2.10(dd,J1=4.5,J1=9.9,1H),2.56(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),3.65(dd,J1=6.9Hz,J2=4.5Hz,1H),3.82(d,J=6.6,2H),4.95(t,J1=6.9Hz,J2=8.1Hz,1H),5.11(m,2H),6.96(s,2H),7.00(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),IR(KBr):3506.1,3171.6,2967.4,2918.6,1737.0,1659.6,1606.3,1486.0,1443.5,1376.5,1298.6,1221.8,1145.25,1042.6,822.7,790.5,ESI-MS(m/z):447([M+H]+),Anal.calcd for C28H32O5H2O(%):C 72.08,H 7.35;Found:C72.11,H 7.40
实施例13
3,3a,4,5-四氢-3,3-二甲基-1,10-二(3-甲基-2-丁烯)-11-羟基-1,5-二桥甲基-1H,7H-呋喃[3,4-d]并呫吨-7,13-二酮桥环化合物(CPUY I-8)
按实施例10所述步骤,以3,4,5-三羟基-9H-呫吨酮代替3,4,6-三甲基-9H-呫吨酮为起始原料,得黄色固体60mg,收率40%,m.p.157-158℃,1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):0.81(s,3H),1.24~1.29(m,7H),1.64(s,3H),1.67(s,3H),1.68(s,3H),2.27(dd,J1=13.5Hz,J2=4.8Hz,1H),2.45~2.49(m,3H),3.33(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),3.43(dd,J1=6.6Hz,J2=4.8Hz,1H),4.47(t,J=6.6Hz,1H),5.20(dd,J1=7.2Hz,J2=1.2Hz,1H),5.41(s,1H),6.79(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.37(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.41(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),IR(KBr):3416.4,2969.4,2909.6,1739.5,1654.8,1607.8,1448,1313.7,1249.2,1213.7,1037.7,EI-MS(m/z):448,436,420,405,377,351,323,281,Anal.calcdfor C28H32O5CH3OH(%):C 72.08,H 7.35;Found:C72.02,H 7.30
Claims (5)
2.权利要求1的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中R1表示单取代的羟基。
3.权利要求1的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中R2表示羟基、醛基、羧基或酰胺基。
4.一种药物组合物,其中含有权利要求1的通式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐及药学上可接受的载体。
5.权利要求1的通式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐用于制备治疗恶性肿瘤的药物的用途。
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