CN102217707A - Ecological feed for livestock and poultry - Google Patents
Ecological feed for livestock and poultry Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses ecological feed for livestock and poultry, which comprises 46-55% of corn, extruded soybean, wheat bran, corn protein powder, mineral complex elements, natural calcium stone powder, pasture powder comprising folium cortex eucommiae powder and bur clover powder, and common salt as basic feed components, and probiotic mixture, oligosaccharides, an enzyme preparation, phytase and Chinese herbal medicine mixture comprising eucommia powder, American ginseng leaf powder, baical skullcap root, dried orange peel, chili powder and garlicin are further added. The ecological feed for the livestock and the poultry has the benefits of avoiding chemical residue in downstream livestock products, namely eggs and pork, enabling the taste to be fragrant, further avoiding the chemical residue in dung and dirt excreted by chicken and pigs and avoiding polluting a peripheral water system and soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ecological feed of feeding livestock and poultry.End product is a feed, belongs to agricultural-herding field.
Background technology
The commodity scale animal and poultry cultivation, because the living environment of livestock and poultry is in intensive, manually operated colony house, the amount of exercise of livestock and poultry is very little, so the disease of livestock and poultry is more.Livestock and poultry only could raw eggs under the condition of health and produce meat, therefore from last century the eighties mixed feed popularize with the livestock and poultry intensive culture since, in animal and fowl fodder, add the diseases of number of chemical medicine, additive control livestock and poultry, become current way.Antibiotic etc. once were used to alleviate livestock and poultry production performance as feed addictive and descended, improved livestock products quantity, alleviated the anxiety of livestock products supplies, bring huge economic benefit to aquaculture, but all drawbacks because of its existence, particularly jeopardize animal and human's class health, now limited the use of or forbid by a lot of countries and regions.Add medicine, the additive that promotes growth of animals or poultry in the feed, of a great variety, very easily formation is residual in livestock products, and the instrument and equipment by specialty is difficult to find.The outburst of egg product incidents such as tonyred, red heart egg, melamine is exactly the continuity of this process.
90% of current China egg and pork production still has smallholder, little breed to finish.Because little plant devotes exclusive attention to output merely and the reduction of feed cost, cause plant or Feed Enterprise to add metallic ore material, antibiotic, hormone, pigment, chemical addition agent etc. very general at animal and fowl fodder.Because plant's small scale is disperseed, many, the complicated component of chemical additive kind, the use means are hidden, and functional government departments are difficult to control and detect.Behind these forage feed livestock and poultry, part chemical residue directly enters in egg and the pork product, and after being eaten by citizen, the infringement people's is healthy, forming animal takes medicine, the situation that the people also takes medicine takes place, and even more serious is that a part of chemical addition agent, antibiotic enter peripheral soil, water system with the excrement dirt of livestock and poultry, forms secondary pollution, pass through the plant husbandry approach of soil, water system again, pollute crops, enter human food chain once more, form secondary residual and harm.
China is world livestock and poultry cultivation big country, but livestock products (egg, pork) export volume is very low, and residual the becoming of the residues of pesticides in the livestock products, antibiotic residue, heavy-metal residual and microorganism exports the obstacle that is obstructed.Low-level, feed use inferior cheaply are the arch-criminals.Therefore research, invention is a kind of can greatly reduce chemical residual public hazards in the livestock products, and can eliminate the feed of chemical residual in the excreta, ensures that agricultural product quality and safety and consumer are healthy, realizes environmental friendliness, and the low-residual discharging becomes original intention of the present invention.
Ecological feed has another name called environment-protecting feed, it is meant around solving the livestock products public hazards and alleviating the pollution problem of feces of livestock and poultry to environment, from the design of choosing, fill a prescription of feedstuff, processing process such as feed, carry out strict quality control and implement the Animal nutrition system regulation, to change, to control contingent livestock products public hazards and environmental pollution, make feed reach the feed of low cost, high benefit, oligosaprobic effect.
The applicant from last century the eighties just be devoted to research, production and the operation of livestock and poultry mixed feed, successively use four tame feed companies, accumulative total is produced surplus the feed 30 ten thousand tons.The practice of long-term production of fodder, and with domestic well-known expert scholar's study, exchange, make the applicant study, accumulate the animal and fowl fodder production method that a whole set of production does not have livestock products and environmental hazard, we are referred to as " livestock and poultry ecological feed ".Not pollution damage soil, water system after ecological this feed of general reference livestock and poultry are used, can keep soil ecology, feed also only of the present invention is fed behind the livestock and poultry, by setting up the micro-ecological environment that beneficial bacterium is in superiority at the enteron aisle of livestock and poultry, the propagation of restriction or the harmful bacterium of inhibition realizes that the actual effect in antibiotic ocean guarantees chicken group swinery health to substitute antibiotic, also to realize the end product of livestock and poultry cultivation simultaneously, egg, pork have the chemical residual public hazards, and flavor quality improves, and does not damage health.
Patent retrieval: Chinese patent literature " a kind of chicken feed (application number: 01129471) ", it is characterized in that, wherein contain (Micro-Alternating Field Biotechnology through the micro-alternating bio-electric field, abbreviation MAB) saccharomycete of the saccharomycetic modulation of modulation, saccharomycete can be edible mushrooms such as wine brewing, through the radiation of certain hour ultra-high-frequency wave, join in the chicken feed by chicken edible after, can strengthen the resistance against diseases of chicken greatly, no longer be subjected to the influence of ewcastle disease virus, therefore, this chicken feed can extensively be subjected to chicken farmer's welcome.
Chinese patent literature " be added with Chinese medicine egg feedstuff (application number: 01128250) " the present invention proposes is the egg feedstuff that is added with Chinese medicine of field of animal feed.The Chinese medicine that is added has safflower, matrimony vine, keel, the red sage root, is mixed and made into egg feedstuff in proportion.By being fed, chicken raises proof, can improve vitality and the metabolic ability of laying hen, make the egg carrotene that produced and main mine material content than common egg height, wherein, carrotene exceeds 1.64ug/g, and phosphorus exceeds 0.097%, calcium exceeds 192.89ug/g, iron exceeds 17.73ug/g, and iodine exceeds 3.29m g/100g, and contains germanium and selenium element.Amino acid content also has raising greatly, and total amino acid content reaches 29114mg/100g.Also there is raising largely egg quality and mouthfeel aspect.
We also retrieve, and mostly past people is to use earlier antibiotic to kill microorganism in the animal and bird intestines when using probiotic, carries out " purifications ", and then use probiotic or probiotic and enzyme preparation etc.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of ecological feed of feeding livestock and poultry, it can ensure the downstream livestock products---egg and pork do not have chemical residual, mouthfeel delicate fragrance.Guarantee that also the excrement dirt that chicken, pork chop are let out does not have chemical residual, can not pollute peripheral water system and soil.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
1. feed prescription: pasture powder 4～6%, salt 0.3～0.5% that the weight combinations ratio of feed is corn 46～55%, expanded soybean 13～19%, wheat bran 8～13%, corn protein powder 5～8%, mineral matter complex element 1～2%, natural calcium stone flour 2～6%, be made up of folium cortex eucommiae powder, alfalfa meal are the basal feed component
Add the mixture of Chinese herbal medicines of probiotic composition+compound sugar+enzyme preparation+phytase+form by bark of eucommia powder, Folium Panacis Quinquefolii powder, the root of large-flowered skullcap, dried orange peel, chilli powder, allicin.
2. to various thicker raw materials, require to pulverize earlier, will pass through 100 mesh sieves through the fineness after pulverizing,
Raw material for relatively more micro-will progressively spread, amplify,
Raw material is entered mixer mix granulation.
Good effect of the present invention is, we must abandon the antibiotic that must add in the mixed feed that livestock and poultry in the past fed, hormone, the feed matching model of chemical addition agents such as heavy metal, then use " probiotic composition (probio+compound sugar+enzyme preparation+Chinese herbal medicine etc.)+pasture powder (alfalfa meal; pine needle meal etc.)+protein feeds (dregs of beans; corn protein powder)+energy (corn; wheat bran) and mineral matter (minerals calcium; zinc; copper, iron, selenium, salt etc.) " ecological feed matching model; set up the ecological coordination system that the animal gastrointestinal tract probio suppresses the nutrition and health care of harmful bacterium; the antibiotic that must add in the alternative feed in the past; chemical addition agent; reduce agricultural chemicals to greatest extent; veterinary drug, heavy metals etc. are to terminal livestock products (egg, pork) and surrounding enviroment (soil, water body etc.) pollution destroys, and the utmost point can pass through nutrition regulation as much as possible, ways such as raising control promote that nutrients is to end product (egg in the feed, pork) enrichment in, improve egg, in the time of pork nutritional quality and local flavor, require also will reduce nitrogen, the excretion of phosphorus and trace element, guarantee that livestock and poultry feed behind this feed, egg, there is not chemical residual in the pork product, the excreta of livestock and poultry---do not have chemical residual in the ight soil yet, can not pollute water system and soil.
(1) progress used of alternative antibiotic such as probio
Will 1, why aquaculture add antibiotic, chemicals?
China's livestock and poultry cultivation is in by peasant household raises transition period to the transition of standard gauge modelling on a small scale scattered.Because behind the large-scale cultivation, the living space of livestock and poultry be compressed and breeding environment bad, cause the premunition of livestock and poultry to descend, the level of production descends, the chance that bacteriosis takes place is very high, the ratio of extremely washing in a pan is very high.After antibiotic, chemicals occur, it is found that and in animal and fowl fodder, add a certain amount of antibiotic and chemicals, can ensure livestock birds health, few sick, can increase substantially the production performance of livestock and poultry, improve livestock products quantity, greatly reduce dead ratio, alleviated the nervous situation of livestock products supplies, brought huge economic benefit to aquaculture.A fryer only needs 40 days from going out shell to listing, and antibiotic is performed meritorious deeds never to be obliterated.
Can 2, why animal be sick?
Livestock and poultry are sick, and harmful bacteria is bred in a large number nothing more than 2 kinds of reasons, causes livestock and poultry tissue damaged, and disease takes place.Next is some nutrient deficiency, causes the nutrition illness.With regard to bacterium, discover that bacterium can be divided into beneficial bacterium and harmful bacterium, animal morbidity mostly is to be in a disadvantageous position owing to beneficial bacterium, and harmful bacteria is had the advantage and is pushed down beneficial bacterium and cause.Animal technical college professor Zhang Rijun of China Agricultural University research is thought: a large amount of bacteriums alive lives away from home in the alimentary canal of nonruminants such as people, pig, poultry.No matter be monogastric mammal (as people, pig) or bird, the bacterial content in its ight soil is 5 * 10
9～5 * 10
10Between/g ight soil the weight in wet base, promptly the ight soil weight in wet base is bacterial cell more than 40%.GI microorganism accounts for 78.7% of the total microbial biomass of animal body.The relation of enteric microorganism and Intestinal Mucosal Immunity is very close.
The food of animal per daily ingestion all contains a large amount of microorganisms, wherein also comprise a large amount of pathogenic microorganisms, but always keep normal beneficial bacterium to preponderate in the enteron aisle of intact animal body and be harmful to the flora state that the bacterium symbiosis is coordinated, bacterial infection does not take place, thereby keep the normal configuration and the functional status of enteron aisle, its reason is except the biological barrier effect of intestinal mucosa, resident profitable strain forms the mycoderm barrier in the enteron aisle, normal flora is to the restrictions of pathogenic bacteria and " chance " pathogenic bacteria etc., all play an important role, we are referred to as colony balance the dominant state of this beneficial bacterium, are our desired effects.
But, because animal environment changes, stress with the variation of the condition of feeding, the frequent multilated of this balance or break.Such as using antibiotic, chemical additive, variations in temperature or the like, the gut flora balance is destroyed, beneficial bacterium is in a disadvantageous position, harmful bacterium is had the advantage, and we are called flora imbalance this state.Along with the difference of degree is different with harmful bacterium bacterial classification kind, can cause the animal different tissues to be subjected to different infringements, present pathological state.Chang Gui method was directly to use the direct killing bacteria of antibiotic of human chemical synthesis in the past.But antibiotic is in killing bacteria, to also kill in the lump the very useful beneficial bacterium of animal, cause bigger flora imbalance, even a part of bacterial dissociation, directly produce drug resistance, order about the new antibiotic of human constantly research or strengthen antibiotic consumption, cause aquaculture to form the antibiotic dependence syndrome.People are sick for fear of livestock and poultry, just use antibiotic; Just add chemical additives such as excess metallic ore material and hormone for voluminous egg, antibiotic is double-edged sword, these antibiotic, chemical additive remaining in the animal product egg in various degree consequently, form recessive antibiotic, chemical nuisance is residual, by food chain infringement health.These nuisances also remain in the excrement dirt of chicken, enter in soil, the water system, be difficult to the degraded or the degraded very slow, enter in the grain and oil crops food secondary harm humans health once more.
3, the alternative antibiotic of probiotic extremely makes progress
(1) probiotic research.
Recent study is found, because antibiotic being extensive use of produced the imbalance of animal intestinal normal flora thereupon, drug resistance and medicament residue have brought harm for the health of animal and human's class.The chemical contamination of agricultural product has caused the great attention of countries in the world, developed country particularly, the statutory standard of intimate harshness has been formulated in the agricultural product production environment of upstream, working condition, production facility, technological process etc., organic food standards standard of knowing as us etc.
Since beneficial bacterium is preponderated in the animal and bird intestines, restrain harmful bacterium, just can make livestock and poultry not sick or few sick, so modern animal and biotechnology have just been specialized in out a kind of active bacteria formulation---probiotic of many bacterial classification set.Probiotic is the direct useful living microorganism of feeding animals, has effect additional, that regulate, keep microecological balance in the enteron aisle, to reach the purpose that promotes animal health.Outstanding probiotic is made up of saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis etc., and after these thalline entered animal and bird intestines, its life process and metabolite can be greatly and harmful bacterium competitive space and nutrition, and suppresses the breeding of harmful bacterium.Nontoxic, the no resistance to the action of a drug that probiotic has, noresidue, characteristics such as have no side effect.So, just can make livestock and poultry reduce the puzzlement of disease by feed approach probiotic supplemented.
(2) application of probiotic
1. the application in pig industry.People adjust sow internal microorganism fauna by feeding to sow, purify the microenvironment in the sow body, reducing the discharge of harmful substances such as harmful bacterium such as Escherichia coli and ammonia improves the external environment, reduced the chance of contact pathogenic microorganism to piglet, thereby reduce the generation of diseases such as grice diarrhoea, thereby reach the control grice diarrhoea, improve the purpose of its resistance.
2. the application in aviculture.In the various infectious diseases of chicken, Escherichia coli, salmonellal disease are the most common, and people often act on heavy dose of antibiosis and usually prevent and treat and do not have obvious effects.Be rich in bacillus, the probiotic of Bacillus acidi lactici is optimized the microbiota of poultry enteron aisle, the competitive exclusion Escherichia coli, thus pathogenic bacteria such as salmonella reach the purpose of disease preventing and treating, the side effect of having avoided antibiotic to bring to people simultaneously.Wang Xiaoping, Li Huanling etc. (1997) add EM (beneficial microbe colony) in the laying hen fermented feed, make laying rate improve 8.1%, and efficiency of feed utilization has improved 15.1%, and egg size improves 1.37g, and rate of broken eggs reduces by 1.1%.Also can obviously reduce ammonia in the house, the comprehensive dusty gas concentration of foul smell, reduce the ight soil stink, improve feeding environment.Through the health ministry Food Hygiene Surveillance check proof that detects, to compare with common egg, the EM egg cholesterol descends 82%, and fat descends 73%, and protein improves 5.56%, does not have agricultural chemicals and steroids residual simultaneously in the egg.
Current, probiotic also has effects such as health care, growth promotion, raising efficiency of feed utilization.The application of probio in livestock and poultry cultivation, technology and product are all quite ripe, have obtained gratifying achievement.
4, compound sugar is to activation, the humidification of probiotic
But probio is a kind of viable bacteria, keep its activity, must satisfy its life habit.In order to make probio " reside " enteron aisle, people found again compound sugar can provide for beneficial bacteria of intestinal tract " food ", have the effect of activation probio.Functional oligose comprises stachyose, isomaltoketose, milk ketose, FOS, galactooligosaccharide, oligoisomaltose, soyabean oligosaccharides, chitosan oligomer etc.These compound sugar do not have their enzyme system of hydrolysis in livestock and poultry body enteron aisle, thereby they are not are not digested and assimilated and become " food " of beneficial bacterium.Therefore we have carried out the combine prescription of probio with compound sugar, are used for the test of livestock and poultry cultivation, and result of the test is very good, has verified that compound sugar has the ability of the antibiotic sample effect of having strengthened probio, further improve probio and substitute antibiotic effect.
According to the strong research that waits that jumps of Hanzhong hundred auspicious animal husbandry laying hen field stones: a kind of compound sugar of interpolation and probiotic mixture in layer diets (mainly forming) by beneficial bacteriums such as non-digestibility sugar such as isomaltose, panose, levan oligo-saccharide and bacillus, Bifidobacterium, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, photosynthetic bacterias, can obviously improve survival rate, promote the growth of young chicken.Laying period, used this mixture, can make laying hen shift to an earlier date 5～6d and open product and reach the peak of laying eggs very soon, prolongs the peak period more than 30 days, and the incidence of disease of salpingitis, fatty liver descends 5～8%, and egg quality is improved.Result of the test shows that also compound sugar and probiotic compatibility use can improve the survival rate of beneficial bacterium in enteron aisle, improves the stability of probio, reduces the hen house ammonia concentration, and promotes that probiotic plays a role.
5, the collaborative humidification of complex enzyme formulation
Improving the conversion ratio of feed, is to improve the speed of growth of livestock and poultry and the effective way of production performance.The purpose of adding enzyme preparation in the feed is to improve the digestibility and the utilization rate of nutriment, particularly to children livestock and poultry in age.Enzyme preparation and probiotic compatibility have also shown result of use preferably aborning.
Brainstrust by different livestock and poultry species life characteristics, is combined some functional enzymes, has produced complex enzyme, gives livestock and poultry supplemented with exogenous organized enzyme, just can improve the livestock and poultry feed conversion ratio.Can promote decomposition, digestion and the absorption of feed protein such as protease, amylase can promote decomposition, digestion and the absorption of energy-starch material in the feed, and phytase can promote digesting and assimilating of P elements etc.We add complex enzyme in the feed to, combine with probio, compound sugar, better solved alternative antibiotic after, further improve the difficult problem of feed digestion.
Zhao Jingyang etc. smear the probio inoculation at the nipple of lactation 0～7d sow, the omnidistance 0.75% enzyme-added probiotic (by the enzyme preparation and the composite product of probiotic of Wuhan Longhua company production) that adds of lactation wean.Result of the test shows: test group suckling pig daily gain improves 15.94% (P＜0.01) than control group, and the weanling pig daily gain improves 8.75% (P＞0.05) than control group; The suckling pig diarrhea rate is lower than control group (P＜0.05), and the diarrhea of weaned piglets rate is than control group low 46.56%.Liu Anfang etc. select 400 1 age in days cherry paddy meat sold on the market ducks for use, be divided into 2 groups at random, add 0.2% enzyme-added probiotic in the daily ration of test group, result of the test shows that enzyme-added probiotic can promote the weightening finish of meat duck, the raising price of deed, the reduction death rate and increase economic efficiency.
Therefore adopting " composite prebiotics+compound sugar+complex enzyme formulation " reasonable formula, substitute the antibiotic aspect, we have surmounted the single integrated mode of forefathers, and verify in ten thousand pig farms of oneself, 50,000 breeding layer chicken fields.With this prescription is core, and the egg feedstuff of production is fed laying hen, " phoenix mountain villa " brand egg of production, " phoenix mountain villa " pork does not have residual, delicate fragrance fresh nice situation of selling well Hanzhong and neighboring markets with it, obtained market actively certainly.
We do not ignore the research to the abundant traditional Chinese medicine legacy of motherland in the antibiotic alternative aspect yet.Chinese herbal medicine is of long standing and well established to the China that is applied in of livestock and poultry cultivation.Some Chinese herbal medicine has very outstanding collaborative and facilitation to growth of animals or poultry, breeding, production, and many reports and ripe prescription are arranged.Therefore we " composite prebiotics+compound sugar+complex enzyme formulation " substitutes antibiotic in the past, the chemical addition agent aspect, the Chinese herbal medicine of introducing compatibility is arranged, test, formed " composite prebiotics+compound sugar+complex enzyme formulation+Chinese herbal medicine " and substituted antibiotic, the substitution studies of chemical addition agent, through using for reference the former study conclusion, the combination of design multiple formulations compatibility, use and our company laying hen, the checking of pig-breeding field, therefrom filtered out one group of reliable feed formula combination, prove that this formula combination is aspect alternative antibiotic, reliable for effect, and be better than antibiotic, formed core competitiveness of the present invention.
Important part of the present invention is and will must adds in the feed process for preparation in the past, human and chemical additive that environment is all very harmful, antibiotic, metallic ore material, hormone etc. are completely got rid of, added the alternative antibiotic of present technology, technology very ripe compound probiotic, enzyme preparation, compound sugar and mixture of Chinese herbal medicines.Wherein the mechanism of action of " compound probiotic+enzyme preparation+compound sugar+Chinese herbal medicine " is that the compound probiotic major function is to replenish beneficial bacteriums such as lactic acid bacteria, Bifidobacterium, actinomyces, saccharomycete in the livestock and poultry body at any time, by replenishing the harmful bacterium propagation in the beneficial bacterium inhibition livestock and poultry body, make livestock birds health.Compound sugar does not absorb in the livestock and poultry body, enter enteron aisle after, become " food " of beneficial bacterium, make better field planting in enteron aisle of beneficial bacterium, settle down; Replenishing of enzyme preparation can solve the high-density breeding livestock and poultry, and proenzyme deficiency in the livestock and poultry body promotes the conversion and the absorption of protein, energy feed in the feed, reduces the discharging to environment such as organic matter ammonia, nitrogen.Chinese herbal medicine is the special product in Qin crust mountain area, and itself just has the effect of antibiotic sample the part Chinese herbal medicine, to help the immunity that improves animal, and promotes growth of animals or poultry and lays eggs.The pasture powder and the corn protein powder that add contain natural protein, vitamin and lutein.The comprehensive function of above-mentioned probio and Chinese herbal medicine, herbage also helps to improve egg, pork quality, and improves the taste flavor of egg greatly.
At present, probiotic, Chinese herbal medicine share existing finished product.Probiotic Chinese herbal medicine compound formulation as Bora sharp next biological Engineering stock Co., Ltd in Shandong produces can effectively prevent Eimeria Tenella, and its anticoccidial is renderd a service and reached medium level, compares with control drug, is better than similar medicine enemy's ball spirit and salinomycin.
Therefore the used bacterial classification of probiotic is a lot, and the Chinese herbal medicine kind is also very huge, and the probiotic bacterial classification and the herbal variety that can compatibility use of screening makes the two synergistic application in livestock-raising, and active operation significance is arranged.
(2) Chinese herb feed additive is to the influence of livestock and poultry production performance
Livestock and poultry are fed Chinese herbal medicine, and have existed since ancient times in China, just records in " Qimin yaoshu raises chickens 59 " of Jia Si peaceful in the Northern Wei Dynasty in 6th century of Christian era " pockmarks and paddy fry and feeds, and everyday raw egg is without cease ".Chinese herbal feed additive, it has multiple nutritional components and biologically active, has the duality of nutriment and medicine concurrently, and both preventable disease can improve livestock and poultry production performance again.So develop drug residue free, pollution-free, and can improve the environment-protecting feed additive of raise benefit, become the focus that people pay close attention to.
1, analyzes from animal doctor's point of theory
Organic conception and dialectical opinion according to Chinese veterinarian are controlled principle, Chinese herbal medicines is formed after the compound, effect is just more extensive, mainly comprises trophism, strengthens immunization, hormone-like effect, vitaminoid action, anti-stress effect, dual regulation and anti-microbial effect etc.Compound Chinese herbal medicine additive had both been replenished body nutrition, prevented and cured diseases again, improved, improves egg, meat quality.More than 200 kind of Chinese herbal medicines such as now existing help class, establishing-Yang class, the class that helps digestion and desinsection class use as feed addictive.
2, from the modern pharmacology angle analysis
Barrenwort, motherwort and Radix Angelicae Sinensis have the effect of cortex hormone of aadrenaline and sex hormone sample, can promote the secretion of endometrial thickness and ovarian hormone, and can tonifying Qi establishing-Yang, nourishing the blood and yin and improve whole body function etc.Report such as Huang Heru, Huo Shuying, medicines such as the Radix Astragali can have additional nutrients conversion, the deposition of material promote protein synthetic, strengthen the assimilation of animal body, reduce amino acid and decompose, thereby improve egg size and quality of egg.A large amount of evidences, most helps, establishing-Yang class Chinese herbal medicine all have the effect of certain adjusting organism endocrine, thereby reach the purpose of improving livestock and poultry production performance.
3, from the nutrition angle analysis
Chinese herb feed additive can improve the production performance of livestock and poultry, and the immunity of being commonly considered as can improving with it body is closely related.Main effectively active component one polysaccharide, glycoside, alkaloid, volatile oil in the Chinese herbal medicine, fear class and organic acid etc., they play a part to regulate the animal body immunologic function.Polysaccharide is immunocompetent main matter, has the reaction of the thymus gland of promotion, stimulates the function of macrophage phagocytic; Glycoside can be strengthened the reticuloendothelial system phagocytic function, and can generate by enhancing antibody, promotes antigen-antibody reaction and lymphocyte transformation.Organic acid in the Chinese herbal medicine can be regulated the pH value in the stomach and intestine, prevents the breeding of harmful bacteria and the activity of raising enzyme, promotes normal metabolic in the animal body, thereby improves the utilization rate of nutriment, has promoted the performance of breeding performonce fo animals.Some Chinese herbal medicine also contains the nutritional labelings such as protein, amino acid, sugar, fat, starch, vitamin and mineral trace element of some simultaneously, has also improved the production performance of body to a certain extent.
Ding Ke etc. adopt AAS, measured the interaction of 15 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines such as rhizome of cyrtomium, the bighead atractylodes rhizome, the Radix Astragali, dogwood fruit, dried orange peel, Radix Codonopsis, the dried immature fruit of citron orange, Divine Comedy, caulis bambusae in taenian, cape jasmine, field pennycress, Fructus Hordei Germinatus, root tuber of aromatic turmeric, barrenwort, Radix Glycyrrhizae and Bacillus acidi lactici, the result shows, more than 15 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines can both be in the propagation that promotes Bacillus acidi lactici in varying degrees, so these Chinese herbal medicines have the function of Bacillus acidi lactici synergist.Reports such as Zhu Zhaorong are formed Chinese medicine compound prescription with Chinese medicines such as dried orange peel, hawthorn, wrinkled giant hyssop, the fleece-flower root, polygala root and rhizoma atractylodis, and chilli powder is folk prescription, and Chinese medicine compound prescription is in the 0.5% and 1% ratio tripping Luo Man egg feedstuff, and the chilli powder folk prescription is admixed by 1%, and experimental period is 30d.The result shows that each test group yolk is heavy to be compared with control group, growth trend is arranged, but do not have significant difference; Each test group yolk index is all than control group height, and wherein in preceding 10d, Chinese medicine compound prescription 1% dosage group has been compared utmost point significant difference (P＜0.01) with control group.The broken mixing of usefulness honeysuckle, dandelion and Radix Glycyrrhizaes etc. such as Wang Hongyan 12 flavor medicinal powder substitutes the antibiotic laying hen of feeding, obviously improved the nutritional quality of egg, the protein content of egg has increased by 23.1%: iodine and zinc content are also than high 11.8ug/kg of control group and 1.4mg/kg.
In sum, feed addictive compatibilities such as probiotic, compound sugar, enzyme preparation, Chinese herbal medicine have the goodish antibiotic result of use that substitutes.In use, we have accomplished the kind of probiotic bacterial strain, compound sugar kind, enzyme preparation, Chinese herbal medicine compatibility etc. is screened, optimized on the one hand, make it collaborative and play a role.On the other hand, we have worked out effective compatibility between the various nutrients, synergistic suitable proportion (maintaining secrecy temporarily), make it reach best compatibility result of use.In a word, the reasonable compatibility of probiotic and compound sugar, enzyme preparation and Chinese herbal medicine substitutes antibiotic, eliminate the residual pollution of chemicals to livestock products and surrounding enviroment, reliable practical basis is arranged, should be subjected to the attention of animal husbandry, food industry, making it better is that citizen's health and Environmental Health are made contributions.
The present invention has adopted modern biological project probiotic, compound sugar nutrition animal and bird intestines technology, and enzyme preparation and Chinese herbal medicine combined, after thoroughly substituting antibiotic, guaranteeing that the downstream aquaculture does not reduce under the prerequisite of production capacity, also will eliminate livestock products chemical residual and excreta does not have residually, does not pollute surrounding enviroment.Therefore the present invention has the different of essence with the data that can retrieve in the past.
The specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment,
(1) a kind of livestock and poultry ecological feed is preparation like this:
1, the feed prescription: the roughly portfolio ratio of these feeds is nuisanceless corns 46～55%, expanded soybean (non-transgenic) 13～19%, wheat bran 8～13%, corn protein powder 5～8%, mineral matter complex element 1～2%, natural calcium stone flour 2～6%, pasture powder is (by the folium cortex eucommiae powder, alfalfa meal) 4～6, salt 0.3～0.5% is the basal feed component, and add autonomous development test by " probiotic composition (probio 100-300g/ ton raw material+compound sugar 100-300g/ ton raw material+enzyme preparation 100-300g/ ton raw material+phytase 100-300g/ ton raw material)+mixture of Chinese herbal medicines (by bark of eucommia powder; Folium Panacis Quinquefolii powder; the root of large-flowered skullcap; dried orange peel; chilli powder; allicin).
2, manufacturing process main points: to various thicker raw materials, require to pulverize earlier, will pass through 100 mesh sieves through the fineness after pulverizing.According to hay varieties,, adopt every kind of raw material of the accurate weighing of electronic scale then, in the double worm mixer that 500kg/ criticizes, fully mix more than 5～8 minutes by the formula rate of nutritionist's design.Raw material for relatively more micro-will progressively spread, amplify, and enters mixer again and mixes.The kind that needs granulation by the prilling granulation, and manages to eliminate the influence of prilling temperature to vitamin, enzyme preparation, probio, forms product at last, detects, and dispatches from the factory after reaching designing requirement.
3, checking on of feedstuff: corn moisture is controlled at below 12%, and nothing is gone mouldy, and comes from the contract planting base, guarantees to use fertilizers such as pig manure or chicken manure, does not use the behavior of agricultural chemicals.Soybean guarantees to derive from Gansu or non-polluted planting base, does not have transgene component, does not have residues of pesticides.Biotech company is come with Shandong Bora profit in probiotic, enzyme preparation, compound sugar source.Chinese herbal medicine is pressed the prescription local procurement.
4, prescription teacher: Animal nutrition teacher who has only company to authorize, the component design of just having the right, and through the dictorial advisor of Xibei Univ. of Agricultural ﹠ Forest Science ﹠ Technology, the living authorization of professor of nutrition Gong Yue.
Different livestock and poultry kind, growth phase, the nutritional need difference, feed formula is also different.For the present invention, relate to broad sow feed (nonpregnant, pregnant stage), pig starter feed (later stage in earlier stage), fattening pannage.Also relate to laying hen and breed feed (in earlier stage, later stage), the laying hen two big series such as feed of laying eggs, the prescription of nearly 10 kinds.
5, points for attention: this feed is suitable in use, to have the technical staff to instruct with joining with usefulness, should avoid high temperature, bans use of antibiotic, to prevent to reduce effect.Scale of feeding also will be controlled according to growth phase or the age in days of livestock and poultry.
(2) being characterized in of this livestock and poultry ecological feed:
1, emphasize substituting to antibiotic, chemicals---collaborative with probiotic and compound sugar, set up enteron aisle ecology, safeguard livestock birds health, guarantee the ordinary production performance.
2, emphasize the optimum feed utilization rate---collaborative with complex enzyme formulation and Chinese herbal medicine, improve the feed absorption rate, cut the waste and the excreta damage to the environment as far as possible.
3, emphasize best livestock and poultry production performance---pursue raising, the raising of quality and the improvement of local flavor of animal products output.
4, emphasize the security of livestock products---abandon antibiotic feed pattern in the past, development prebiotics feed pattern is eliminated residual public hazards, protection health and environmental friendliness to greatest extent.
5, emphasize uses advanced, modern livestock and poultry intensive farm technology, control environment temperature, humidity, illumination, noise and pernicious gas well, so that this ecological feed performance greatest benefit.
6, emphasize that the breed in downstream also walks the road of brand agricultural, greatly develop brand egg, brand meat, the value of ecological feed is constantly distilled.
Claims (1)
1. a livestock and poultry ecological feed is characterized in that,
1. feed prescription: pasture powder 4～6%, salt 0.3～0.5% that the weight combinations ratio of feed is corn 46～55%, expanded soybean 13～19%, wheat bran 8～13%, corn protein powder 5～8%, mineral matter complex element 1～2%, natural calcium stone flour 2～6%, be made up of folium cortex eucommiae powder, alfalfa meal are the basal feed component
Add the mixture of Chinese herbal medicines of probiotic composition+compound sugar+enzyme preparation+phytase+form by bark of eucommia powder, Folium Panacis Quinquefolii powder, the root of large-flowered skullcap, dried orange peel, chilli powder, allicin.
2. to various thicker raw materials, require to pulverize earlier, will pass through 100 mesh sieves through the fineness after pulverizing,
Raw material for relatively more micro-will progressively spread, amplify,
Raw material is entered mixer mix granulation.
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| CN2011101469094A CN102217707A (en) | 2011-05-28 | 2011-05-28 | Ecological feed for livestock and poultry |
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| CN2011101469094A CN102217707A (en) | 2011-05-28 | 2011-05-28 | Ecological feed for livestock and poultry |
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