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CN102191169A - 浮罩式干发酵沼气罐装置 - Google Patents

浮罩式干发酵沼气罐装置 Download PDF

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CN102191169A
CN102191169A CN2011100829270A CN201110082927A CN102191169A CN 102191169 A CN102191169 A CN 102191169A CN 2011100829270 A CN2011100829270 A CN 2011100829270A CN 201110082927 A CN201110082927 A CN 201110082927A CN 102191169 A CN102191169 A CN 102191169A
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李建新
李震宇
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种浮罩式干发酵沼气罐装置,密封水罐外侧为保温层,密封水罐位于干发酵罐外围,密封水罐和干发酵罐之间为密封水层,储气浮罩位于密封水罐和干发酵罐之间,干发酵罐内有导气管,干发酵罐一侧下部设有出料口和放液控制阀,储气浮罩下部有下导向支轮,储气浮罩下部设有减压孔,储气浮罩上设有加料口、观察口、沼气压力表、吊环、一次脱硫器及出气管,密封水罐上方设有上导向支架轮,干发酵罐内底部设有出液管,出液管经循环泥浆泵、软管与储气浮罩内的搅拌器相连,出水管通过循环泥浆泵与蒸气锅炉连接,本发明利用浮罩可控制输气压力、利用循环泥浆泵和沼液搅拌器可对运行中的发酵原料进行搅拌、可全年使用而且施工简单。

Description

浮罩式干发酵沼气罐装置
技术领域
本发明属于沼气发生装置领域,具体涉及一种浮罩式干发酵沼气罐装置。
背景技术
现有沼气池均为单发酵装置,虽然储气室与沼气池设计为一体,但因沼气池盖是固定设计,沼气压力无法控制,使用时气压忽高忽低,最后因无压而不能使用;沼气池原料如果经常搅拌,可提高沼气池沼气产量30%,而现有沼气池均无法在运转过程中进行搅拌,因此降低了产气量,从而降低了原材料的利用率;现有沼气池用料多,8立方米沼气池用料3~3.5吨,用水8~10吨,占地面积大,施工复杂,密封技术要求高,而且池体经常出现跑冒滴漏现象,存在不安全隐患,容易产生废池;另外,现有沼气池存在进料容易出料难的问题,因为不能做沼渣液的自然分离,小出料和大出料费时费工费力,而且容易造成二次污染;沼气的发酵温度为零上10℃以上,而现有沼气池在冬季即使是南方也很难达到启动温度,在三北地区更难以达到,因此现有沼气池在南方因沼气池均为地埋式也无法达到全年使用,而在三北地区只能使用3~4个月。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,并提供一种利用浮罩可控制输气压力、利用循环泥浆泵和沼液搅拌器可对运行中的发酵原料进行搅拌、可全年使用而且施工简单的浮罩式干发酵沼气罐装置。
本发明的技术方案如下:
浮罩式干发酵沼气罐装置,由保温层、密封水罐、干发酵罐、储气浮罩、循环泥浆泵、蒸气锅炉等组成,密封水罐外侧为保温层,密封水罐位于干发酵罐外围,密封水罐和干发酵罐之间为密封水层,储气浮罩位于密封水罐和干发酵罐之间,在干发酵罐上部,干发酵罐内有导气管,干发酵罐一侧下部设有出料口和放液控制阀,储气浮罩下部有下导向支轮,储气浮罩下部设有减压孔,储气浮罩上设有加料口、观察口、沼气压力表、吊环、一次脱硫器及出气管,出气管经防火净化器连接用气设备,出气管一端浸没在防火净化器内的水中,密封水罐上方设有上导向支架轮,水温表设在密封水罐外侧,密封水罐外侧及干发酵罐内侧均设有扶梯,干发酵罐内底部设有出液管,出液管经循环泥浆泵、软管与储气浮罩内的搅拌器相连,出水管通过循环泥浆泵与蒸气锅炉连接,循环泥浆泵与蒸气锅炉连接处设有阀门,出液管上设有放水管及阀门,出水管、出液管及软管上均设有阀门,蒸气锅炉通过蒸气加热管与密封水层连接。
所述密封水罐顶部设有盖板。
所述防火净化器顶部有防爆安全阀,防爆安全阀由上通孔法兰、下通孔法兰、橡胶垫及刺针组成,上通孔法兰、下通孔法兰中间夹有橡胶垫,上通孔法兰顶部有刺针。
所述出气管上设有逆止阀。
所述蒸气锅炉上设有防爆安全阀。
本发明的优点在于:1、根据居住环境和地理位置,沼气罐可移动安装;2、由于采用地面安装,可利用太阳能对罐体自然加温;3、利用循环泥浆泵和沼液搅拌器可对运行中的发酵原料进行搅拌;4、利用蒸气炉所产生的蒸气对密封水罐内的水进行加热处理,以保证发酵罐内发酵温度,使沼气罐可安全越冬;5、利用浮罩可控制输气压力,保障用气设备的安全使用;6、可敞开出料,也可利用出料口自流出料,安全可靠,避免了二次污染;7、发酵原料在沼气罐内自然渣液分离,有利于对渣液的再次利用;8、结构紧凑,占地面积小,安装使用调整方便。
附图说明    图1是本发明整体结构示意图;
图2是本发明防火净化器结构示意图。
具体实施方式    下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
由图1可以看出本发明的整体结构,浮罩式干发酵沼气罐装置,由保温层12、密封水罐11、干发酵罐13、储气浮罩1、循环泥浆泵23、蒸气锅炉24等组成,密封水罐11外侧为保温层12,密封水罐11位于干发酵罐13外围,起储水和密封作用,密封水罐11和干发酵罐13之间为密封水层17,储气浮罩1位于密封水罐11和干发酵罐13之间,在干发酵罐13上部,利用储气浮罩1重量控制输气压力,干发酵罐13内有导气管18,使原料能均匀产出气体,干发酵罐13一侧下部设有出料口15和放液控制阀16,可放出自然分离的沼液和沼渣,储气浮罩1下部有下导向支轮14,可保证储气浮罩1平稳上下运动,储气浮罩1下部设有减压孔26,当减压孔26露出密封水层17时,储气浮罩1内气体通过减压孔26排出,通过储气浮罩1重量关闭减压孔26,以保证储气浮罩1内的气体容量和压力平衡,储气浮罩1上设有加料口8、观察口29、沼气压力表30、吊环4、一次脱硫器3及出气管5,通过观察口29可观察干发酵罐13内料液搅拌情况,沼气压力表30直接读取储气浮罩1内的沼气压力,吊环4用于在进、出料时吊起储气浮罩1,一次脱硫器3对干发酵罐13内产出的沼气进行第一次脱硫处理,出气管5经防火净化器10连接用气设备,出气管5一端浸没在防火净化器10内的水中,密封水罐11上方设有上导向支架轮7,控制储气浮罩1升高后的位置平衡,水温表6设在密封水罐11外侧,通过密封水层17内的水温探头读取密封水层17的水温,以便控制干发酵罐13内的发酵温度,密封水罐11外侧及干发酵罐13内侧均设有扶梯27,以利于干发酵罐13内原料的清除,干发酵罐13内底部设有出液管19,出液管19经循环泥浆泵23、软管28与储气浮罩1内的搅拌器2相连,搅拌器2对干发酵罐13内抽取的料液进行大循环搅拌,出水管20通过循环泥浆泵23与蒸气锅炉24连接,循环泥浆泵23与蒸气锅炉24连接处设有阀门21,出液管19上设有放水管22及阀门21,出水管20、出液管19及软管28上均设有阀门21,蒸气锅炉24通过蒸气加热管25与密封水层17连接,蒸气锅炉24产生的蒸气通过蒸气加热管25进入密封水层17,从而使密封水层17升温。
所述密封水罐11顶部设有盖板9,防止人员和物体掉入密封水罐11内。
由图2可知,所述防火净化器10顶部有防爆安全阀,防爆安全阀由上通孔法兰31、下通孔法兰34、橡胶垫32及刺针35组成,上通孔法兰31、下通孔法兰34中间夹有橡胶垫32,上通孔法兰31顶部有刺针35,当防火净化器10内压力过大时,使橡胶垫32膨胀,接触刺针35,刺针35刺破橡胶垫32使气体外泄,保证干发酵罐13不受损坏。
所述出气管5上设有逆止阀33,防止用气设备因回火造成不安全因素。
所述蒸气锅炉24上设有防爆安全阀。
本发明的干发酵罐13与储气浮罩1设计为联动式一体装置,使输气压力始终保持储气浮罩1重量压力,从而保证了用气设备的平衡压力;利用蒸气锅炉34加热密封水罐11内的密封水层17,使干发酵罐13内的原料始终保持最佳发酵温度25℃~35℃,从根本上解决了沼气池不能越冬使用的难题;用循环泥浆泵23机械化或半机械化进出料,装料容易出料快而且安全可靠,更可能沼渣沼液在出料时自然分离,避免了二次污染,同时利用循环泥浆泵23也减轻了劳动强度,在循环泥浆泵23的作用下将沼液直接投入容器内配兑速效叶面肥和沼液植物杀虫剂,进一步提高沼液的经济利用价值。
本发明浮罩式干发酵沼气罐装置占地面积小,仅为2平方米,地面安装,可任意移动,产气速度快,新料装罐72小时产可燃气体。

Claims (5)

1.浮罩式干发酵沼气罐装置,其特征在于:由保温层(12)、密封水罐(11)、干发酵罐(13)、储气浮罩(1)、循环泥浆泵(23)、蒸气锅炉(24)组成,密封水罐(11)外侧为保温层(12),密封水罐(11)位于干发酵罐(13)外围,密封水罐(11)和干发酵罐(13)之间为密封水层(17),储气浮罩(1)位于密封水罐(11)和干发酵罐(13)之间,在干发酵罐(13)上部,干发酵罐(13)内有导气管(18),干发酵罐(13)一侧下部设有出料口(15)和放液控制阀(16),储气浮罩(1)下部有下导向支轮(14),储气浮罩(1)下部设有减压孔(26),储气浮罩(1)上设有加料口(8)、观察口(29)、沼气压力表(30)、吊环(4)、一次脱硫器(3)及出气管(5),出气管(5)经防火净化器(10)连接用气设备,出气管(5)一端浸没在防火净化器(10)内的水中,密封水罐(11)上方设有上导向支架轮(7),水温表(6)设在密封水罐(11)外侧,密封水罐(11)外侧及干发酵罐(13)内侧均设有扶梯(27),干发酵罐(13)内底部设有出液管(19),出液管(19)经循环泥浆泵(23)、软管(28)与储气浮罩(1)内的搅拌器(2)相连,出水管(20)通过循环泥浆泵(23)与蒸气锅炉(24)连接,循环泥浆泵(23)与蒸气锅炉(24)连接处设有阀门(21),出液管(19)上设有放水管(22)及阀门(21),出水管(20)、出液管(19)及软管(28)上均设有阀门(21),蒸气锅炉(24)通过蒸气加热管(25)与密封水层(17)连接。
2.如权利要求1所述的浮罩式干发酵沼气罐装置,其特征在于:所述密封水罐(11)顶部设有盖板(9)。
3. 如权利要求1所述的浮罩式干发酵沼气罐装置,其特征在于:所述防火净化器(10)顶部有防爆安全阀,防爆安全阀由上通孔法兰(31)、下通孔法兰(34)、橡胶垫(32)及刺针(35)组成,上通孔法兰(31)、下通孔法兰(34)中间夹有橡胶垫(32),上通孔法兰(31)顶部有刺针(35)。
4. 如权利要求1所述的浮罩式干发酵沼气罐装置,其特征在于:所述出气管(5)上设有逆止阀(33)。
5. 如权利要求1所述的浮罩式干发酵沼气罐装置,其特征在于:所述蒸气锅炉(24)上设有防爆安全阀。
CN2011100829270A 2011-04-02 2011-04-02 浮罩式干发酵沼气罐装置 Expired - Fee Related CN102191169B (zh)

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