Method through the online detection of active sludge microbe of frequency control specific oxygen utilization rate
Technical field
The present invention relates to the rapid on-line detecting method of specific oxygen utilization rate in the biological wastewater treatment process (SOUR), especially can carry out VFC and the SBR technology of controlling automatically.Affiliated technical field is: activated sludge process deep biological denitrogenation treatment theory and technology.
Background technology
In general, the sewage treatment plant's aeration expense that adopts Root's blower to carry out oxygen supply accounts for the 50-60% in the day-to-day operation cost, and aeration phase is saved energy and reduce the cost has very big potentiality and space.Therefore increasing sewage treatment plant particularly begins extensively to adopt the frequency conversion oxygen-supplying technology in the SBR technology.As the most promising technology in the present sewage disposal process, converter technique can greatly reduce aeration energy consumption in the sewage disposal process, saves the day-to-day operation cost, strengthens the sewage daily handling ability.SBR technology is the abbreviation of intermittent activated sludge process sewage treatment process, and its treating apparatus has only a sbr reactor pond, and steps such as water inlet, reaction, deposition, draining are all carried out in this reaction tank, are a kind of sewage disposal process by activated sludge process of routine.SBR technology has advantages such as time axial characteristic and expulsive force be big, and aeration process OUR change curve is very regular, is suitable as very much the process control parameters of SBR technology.
As characterizing one of active important parameter of active sludge microorganism, the specific oxygen utilization rate of active sludge (SOUR) is from microbial respiratory speed angle reflection active sludge physiological status and matrix metabolism situation.Early stage in activated sludge process, the respiratory rate of aerobic microbiological just as detecting the active parameter of sludge organism, obtains to use widely aspect analysis, evaluation and prognoses system operation conditions and processing power.The operation control of sewage biological treatment system is strengthened and improved to the OUR detection technique of research and application sewage disposal system to promoting the development of dirty water living creature processing technique,, has crucial meaning.
Most in the past respirometers adopt dissolved oxygen DO (DO) sensor DO concentration, confirm respiratory rate according to the variation of DO.Adopt the respirometer of DO sensor can be divided into batch (-type) and continous way respirometer.
Batch (-type) respirometer operation steps is adorned mixed liquor to be measured in the cell that is equipped with the complete closed that sensor is connected with analyser, and first aeration to dissolved oxygen concentration stops aeration again near saturated, and the DO appearance writes down dissolved oxygen concentration variation in the cell.The slope of this change curve is respiratory rate.In the testing process with magnetic stirring apparatus mixing stirring.Off-line measurement has hysteresis quality, can not detect online feedback in real time.And these off-line measurement methods only are used for the laboratory and detect, and many measuring methods will add suppressant, influence the stable operation of Sludge System, can not be as the process control parameters of system's long-time running.
And the continous way respirometer alternately detects respiratory chamber import and export place dissolved oxygen concentration continuously.Mud is continuously pumped into this respiratory chamber.Poor sum residence Time Calculation according to import and outlet dissolved oxygen concentration goes out respiratory rate.Must suppose that simultaneously dissolved oxygen concentration keeps stable.But because present online OUR sensor complexity is expensive; Operation maintenance is loaded down with trivial details; Unstable properties, therefore present most actual sewage treatment plant seldom uses online OUR sensor in real time monitoring aeration process, but adopts the sensor of other type to indicate the information of aeration process indirectly.
Along with the exploitation and the widespread use of automatic control equipment, on-line detector table (DO sensor, pH sensor, ORP sensor) and converter technique, be that the SOUR of basic online detection of active sludge system has created advantage for realizing with blower frequency.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to set up the method for a kind of quick indirect detection microorganism specific oxygen utilization rate (SOUR); Realize that through the VFC fan blower frequency parameter curve that constant dissolved oxygen DO (DO) technology obtains comes the specific oxygen utilization rate of indication aeration process indirectly; Through under various environment controlled variable conditions, detecting its stability; Reach the purpose of fast detecting specific oxygen utilization rate, realize the real-time process control of SBR technology.
The present invention is on the basis of theory derivation and repetition test; With SBR technology is research object; Through investigating the correlativity that exists between blower frequency parameter and the microorganism specific oxygen utilization rate (SOUR); Set up the linear relation of an on-line monitoring active sludge SOUR, having formulated with SOUR is the control strategy of controlled variable.The SOUR curvilinear characteristic of active sludge can be indicated the biochemical reaction process effectively, in case flex point occurs, control system is made judgement according to the analog quantity feedback signal of receiving, control signal is passed to topworks, directly closes fan blower.
Reactor apparatus of the present invention (Fig. 1) comprises reactor assembly and automatic control system;
Reactor assembly comprises sbr reactor device 1, fan blower 2; Fan blower 2 links to each other with the aeration tube 3 of sbr reactor device 1 bottom, between aeration tube 3 and the fan blower 2 air intake valve 4 is set;
Automatic control system comprises DO sensor, temperature sensor, sludge concentration sensor, DO analyzer, sludge concentration analyzer, process controller and computing machine; DO sensor 5 is connected with the data-signal input interface 11 of process controller with DO analyzer 6 continuous backs through data line; DO analyzer 6 links to each other with frequency converter 7; Frequency converter 7 is connected with the data-signal input interface 11 of fan blower 2, process controller 13 simultaneously, and the data-signal output interface 12 of process controller 13 links to each other with computing machine 14; Steering order by computing machine 14 sends is controlled fan blower 2 through output bus; Frequency converter 7 is gathered fan blower 2 frequency signals and is changed; The real-time specific oxygen utilization rate of microorganism in the sludge concentration calculated signals sbr reactor device 1 that temperature signal and the sludge concentration sensor 9 in line frequency signal, temperature sensor 8 feedbacks that integrated logical program feeds back according to frequency converter 7 in the process controller 13 feeds back; The real-time specific oxygen utilization rate data that obtain feed back to computing machine 14 through data line; Thereby on the software interface of computing machine 14, show, finally realize the online detection of aeration phase microorganism specific oxygen utilization rate.
Method of the present invention is following:
I) after sbr reactor device water inlet was accomplished, fan blower began aeration, and frequency converter carries out closed-loop control according to the DO signal of DO analyzer feedback with the frequency signal of fan blower feedback, and control aeration phase DO keeps constant;
II) in the process controller logical program integrated specific oxygen utilization rate and frequency linear relation between the two: SOUR
t=η * f
t+ λ; SOUR wherein
tBe t specific oxygen utilization rate constantly, unit is mgO
2/ gMLVSS.h, f
tBe t frequency values constantly, T is a water temperature, and unit is ℃, T in 15~30 ℃ of scopes, η=MLVSS/2000; λ=α * β * k, wherein α=S
Osat-S
o, S
OsatSaturated dissolved oxygen value in the water during for T ℃, S
oBe the dissolved oxygen value that dissolved oxygen meter shows, β=exp (T-20/T), the k value is in 1.0~2.5 scopes, and the k value was 1.0 when temperature was 15 ℃, 1 ℃ of the every rising of temperature, the k value increases by 0.1 on original basis, and choosing the influence of linear relation of k value is little.Process controller obtains the volatile sludge concentration value with the signal of sludge concentration sensor feedback through calculating, thereby confirms η; Confirm mass transfer force factor-alpha and β value according to the concentration signal of water temperature signal in the sbr reactor device and the constant dissolved oxygen DO of VFC, calculate the λ value then.Establish after the linear relation between specific oxygen utilization rate and the frequency; Frequency converter is every at a distance from identical time interval frequency acquisition signal; Process controller calculates online specific oxygen utilization rate according to frequency signal; The specific oxygen utilization rate signal feedback is given computing machine, and the flex point (see figure 2) of aeration terminal point can appear indicating in the curve of computer drawing specific oxygen utilization rate, specific oxygen utilization rate curve;
III) computing machine begins to begin later on to discern at least 60 minutes flex point at aeration, and in a single day the specific oxygen utilization rate flex point occurs, and computing machine passes to process controller with control variable;
IV) process controller converts control variable to control signal through digital analog converter D/A;
V) control signal passes to fan blower through output bus, and the fan blower aeration stops.
Advantageous feature of the present invention: online detection, response speed is fast, can be used as the controlled variable of control biochemical reaction process, accurately controls the process of biochemical reaction, and is energy-saving and cost-reducing.
I) detection method of SOUR has easy and simple to handlely, fast and advantage such as the response time is short, through this index of the online detection of frequency, can in time feed back the operation information of aeration phase.
II) automaticity is high, adopts Programmable Logic Controller PLC control, and the frequency signal according to feedback can calculate online SOUR value fast.
III) stable, the reliable results of online detection, favorable reproducibility.The frequency signal antijamming capability is strong, and measurement result has reappearance preferably under different condition.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 apparatus of the present invention synoptic diagram.
The online testing result figure of Fig. 2 SOUR.
Among Fig. 1, the 1-SBR reactor; The 2-fan blower; The 3-aeration tube; The 4-air intake valve; The 5-DO sensor; The 6-DO analyzer; The 7-frequency converter; The 8-temperature sensor; 9-sludge concentration sensor; 10-sludge concentration detecting device; The 11-signal input interface; The 12-signal output interface; The 13-process controller; The 14-computing machine.
Embodiment
Embodiment, in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 explains the operation operation of the inventive method.
With the sanitary sewage of certain university dependents' district discharging as experimental subjects (pH=6.8~7.8, COD=160.5~319.8mg/L, NH
4 +The selected sbr reactor device of-N=40~80mg/L. active volume is 7m
3, the phase water inlet is 2.7m weekly
3, the COD concentration of mixed liquor maintains 190~240mg/L, NH in the reactor
4 +-N concentration is at 30~40mg/L, and temperature is 15 ℃.It is 95% ethanol that additional carbon adopts volume fraction.Detailed process is following:
I) the confirming of linear relation between specific oxygen utilization rate and the frequency: when system condition (reactor size, aerator type, temperature, air pressure) is stable, K
LAVariation main relevant with the variation of aeration rate, and the variation of aeration rate is mainly weighed by the frequency parameter f of fan blower and is indicated in the process of VFC DO, SOUR can be represented by following mathematical equation:
SOUR
t=η×f
t+λ
SOUR wherein
tBe t specific oxygen utilization rate constantly, unit is mgO
2/ gMLVSS.h), f
tBe t frequency values constantly, η is the sludge concentration modifying factor, η=MLVSS/2000; λ=α * β * k, wherein α is the mass transfer constant, α=S
Osat-S
o, β is a temperature correction factor, and β=exp (T-20/T), k are constant, and it is worth in 1.0~2.5 scopes.The signal process that process controller 13 is fed back sludge concentration sensor 9 is handled and is obtained after the volatile sludge concentration value MLVSS signal sludge concentration modifying factor η=MLVSS/2000=2000/2000=1; The temperature signal of process controller collecting temperature sensor feedback, temperature are 15 ℃, saturated dissolved oxygen concentration in the water when from computing machine 14, obtaining 15 ℃ in the database, and this saturated dissolved oxygen concentration is S
Osat, its value is 10.15mg/L, the DO signal of DO sensor feedback is S
o, its value calculates α=S for 3mg/L
Osat-S
o=7.15; Process controller 13 calculates β=exp (T-20/T)=0.72 according to the temperature signal of temperature sensor 8 feedbacks, and selected k is 1.0 according to the size of temperature.When temperature is 15 ℃, confirm that linear relation is following between frequency and the specific oxygen utilization rate: SOUR
t=1 * f
t+ 7.15 * 0.72 * 1.0=f
t+ 5.18.
II) the real-time control of SBR technology:
1) water inlet: sanitary sewage enters into sbr reactor device 1, and fill phase continues 15 minutes, and inflow is 2.7m
3
2) behind the aeration water inlet end, frequency converter 7 begins the sbr reactor device is carried out VFC through the rotating speed speed of control fan blower 2, and it is constant about 3.0mg/L to keep the aeration phase dissolved oxygen concentration, and this moment, system picked up counting.Process controller begins to gather the signal of DO sensor 5, temperature sensor 8 and sludge concentration sensor 9 feedbacks, confirms the linear relation between specific oxygen utilization rate and the frequency according to the signal of these sensors.If DO signal, temperature signal and the signal of sludge concentration signal and last one-period words devious, process controller is revised linear relation accordingly.The aeration phase heterotroph is at first removed organic reaction in the water, and ammonia oxidation bacteria carries out ammoxidation reaction then.After aeration began 60 minutes at least, frequency converter was whenever gathered the frequency signal of a fan blower at a distance from 10 seconds, and process controller can obtain the live signal of frequency.Controller elder generation carries out after filtering and the comparison operation frequency signal, and the linear relation according to specific oxygen utilization rate and frequency parameter calculates the SOUR signal value again, and linear relation is SOUR
t=f
t+ 5.18, f wherein
tFrequency values for t moment fan blower.Process controller is given computing machine with the SOUR signal feedback, and computing machine sends the steering order of whether stopping fan blower through analytical calculation, converts steering order to control signal through digital analog converter D/A simultaneously and is transferred to fan blower again.Microorganism is no longer during oxygen consumption when ammoxidation reaction finishes; One ' flex point ' can appear in the SOUR curve, shows as the SOUR value and sharply descends, and SOUR curve first order derivative is by just becoming negative; This state was kept 5 minutes; Computing machine 14 sends steering order through process controller 13 and cuts out fan blower, and aeration stops, and the result is as shown in Figure 2.
3) adding carbon source denitrification dosing pump starts; Add the 400ml volume fraction and be 95% ethanol as SBR system denitrifying carbon source, stirred simultaneously 60 minutes, after setting-up time reaches; The computer controlled process controller sends steering order and cuts out stirrer, and denitrification stops.
4) time set of deposition SBR system in this stage is 120 minutes, and inlet valve, air intake valve and water discharging valve are all closed at this moment.
5) after draining deposition setting-up time arrives, strain hydrophone and open, the automatic draining of system, time set is 30 minutes, draining is closed and is strained hydrophone after finishing.
6) should to set standby time the stage as required be 4 hours the idle stage, and the spoil disposal time is 10 minutes, and unlatching sludge pump under the adjusting of process controller when reaching predefined spoil disposal after the time, cuts out sludge pump; When reach preestablish 4 hours standby time after, system is out of service or get into next cycle.
From using the testing result that the inventive method obtains; The response speed of system is fast; Be quick on the draw; According to the every frequency signal that feeds back at a distance from the identical time interval of frequency converter can fast measuring aeration phase microorganism specific oxygen utilization rate, simultaneous computer can be drawn the change curve of SOUR according to the signal in real time of process controller feedback; And off-line respirometer (testing process reference background technology) needs cost 10-20 divide clock time could obtain the SOUR value, so it is slow to the invention solves off-line measurement method response speed, and the problem of hysteresis quality is arranged; The maintenance that has also overcome simultaneously online SOUR assay method to a certain extent is loaded down with trivial details, the shortcoming of poor stability.In addition; Through the SOUR curve of online detection, the different microbial biochemical reaction states constantly of the system that can obtain, the SOUR curve of drawing on the simultaneous computer flex point (like Fig. 2) can occur when the ammoxidation terminal point; Based on above information; Instruct to fan blower through the process controller FEEDBACK CONTROL, realize control in real time, the present invention is under the VFC dissolved oxygen conditions being that parameter is controlled in real time and established solid theory and technical support with SOUR.