CN102172602A - Novel biological treatment method for kitchen garbage - Google Patents
Novel biological treatment method for kitchen garbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN102172602A CN102172602A CN2011100045155A CN201110004515A CN102172602A CN 102172602 A CN102172602 A CN 102172602A CN 2011100045155 A CN2011100045155 A CN 2011100045155A CN 201110004515 A CN201110004515 A CN 201110004515A CN 102172602 A CN102172602 A CN 102172602A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel biological treatment method for kitchen garbage. The method comprises the following steps: 1, performing sorting, crushing and fat separation on the kitchen garbage; 2, performing anaerobic fermentation on the separated fat; 3, composting with an automatic oxygen control method; and 4, producing a biopesticide with biogas. Due to the technical scheme adopted by the invention, the combustible gas, heat energy and electric energy are sufficiently utilized in the biotechnology comprehensive garbage treatment process, and the garbage is turned into resources to the greatest degree in the garbage treatment. The biogas in the garbage can be sufficiently used in the treatment process, and is recovered and used for producing biopesticides through fermentation; organism residues are refined into organic fertilizers through oxygen-controlled composting, thus turning harm into good; and atmospheric pollution is effectively controlled by using the biological deodorization technology.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the domestic rubbish disposal technical field, be specifically related to a kind of novel changing food waste bioremediation.
Background technology
Changing food waste is commonly called as swill, is the sanitary waste that the resident forms in the personal consumption process, very easily rots, and distributes stench, spreads germs and virus.The changing food waste main component comprises rice and flours food residues, vegetables, vegetable and animals oils, meat bone etc., on chemical composition, starch, cellulose, protein, lipid and inorganic salts are arranged, its main feature is that content of organics is abundant, moisture is high, perishable, its proterties and smell all can make a very bad impression to environmental sanitation, and grow pathogenic microorganism easily, harmful substance such as mycotoxin.
At present, the processing method of changing food waste is mainly by following several:
1, landfill disposal, this method is simple, reduced investment.But landfill disposal has been buried and can have been utilized thing, and the resource level is extremely low, and with water and soil worsen, the territory is occupied, the wasting of resources is great cost.The diffusate meeting polluted underground water and the soil of changing food waste, the foul smell that dumping produces has a strong impact on air quality, form irreversible to the secondary pollution of atmosphere and water and soil on a large scale on every side, a series of serious problems such as Chan Sheng Seepage filtrate, nuisance grow, pernicious gas, heavy metal.The methane gas that rubbish fermentation produces is fire and hidden peril of explosion, is discharged in the atmosphere and can produces greenhouse effects again.The landfill yard floor space is big, disposal ability is limited, still need newly-built landfill yard after taking up one's indentures, further land occupation resource, therefore, European Union member countries have implemented garbage loading embeading, and it is forbidden by decree to the changing food waste landfill, and the landfill facility becomes the householder method of other treatment process gradually, only is used for handling the material that can not utilize again.
2, feed method owing to contain abundant starch, cellulose, firefly mortar matter, lipid and inorganic salts in the changing food waste, utilizes microbial cells with rubbish fermentation, and making protein feed is one of present domestic processing method commonly used.This method is considered to a kind of mode of recycling treatment rubbish really in one period, but up-to-date studies show that manufactured animal feed with changing food waste and had huge potential safety hazard.Because meat, bone, the internal organ of all kinds of animals mix accurately sorting and open in the changing food waste, so make feed with this raw material, have major hidden danger on the animal foodstuff safety problem really.
3, traditional compost treatment, compost is the most ancient technology of garbage disposal of China, the technology of composting technology is fairly simple, be suitable for the higher garbage disposal of the perishable content of organic matter, compost treatment can not be handled the organic matter and the inorganic matter that can not rot, and the discarded object that can not be decomposed by microorganism such as the stone in the rubbish, metal, glass, the plastics otherwise processed of must go-no-go coming out; The compost treatment cycle is longer, and floor space is big, and sanitary condition is relatively poor relatively.To guarantee during compost that organic fertilizer product is up to state standards, just fresh rubbish must be carried out sorting earlier, then perishable organic component is fermented again, but the moisture content of changing food waste is up to 90%, pasty state rubbish is filled out the whole spaces of whole stacking extremely in the sweat, air can't enter inside, cause microorganism to be in anaerobic state, degradation speed is slowed down, and produce foul smell such as hydrogen sulfide, compost temperature is descended, have a strong impact on compost quality.
4, burning disposal, burning is that the combustible in the rubbish carries out combustion process with oxygen in incinerator, and the burning disposal amount is big, and it is good to subtract capacitive, the heat that burning process produces is used for generating electricity and can realizes the energy of rubbish, so various countries generally adopt this technology of garbage disposal.But burn solid residues such as a large amount of harmful gas such as can producing flue gas simultaneously and harmful clinker, burning is that a kind of pollution is converted into another kind of process even more serious, that pollute more widely.This method is not accepted gradually, burning disposal has certain requirement to the rubbish Lower heat value, generally be used to handle the combustible garbage of suitable calorific value, as timber, paper etc., the changing food waste higher to moisture content just is not suitable for direct burning, because of the high consumption that can increase burning fuel of moisture, increase processing cost: high-moisture percentage can cause the incomplete combustion in the incinerator, promotes the generation of bioxin; The salt content height may increase the risk that produces bioxin, also can improve the leaching rate of heavy metal in the flying dust; If store, can increase the leaching water yield in the hole at the incineration plant refuse pit.Therefore burning method be only applicable to handle combustible more, can not reclaim valuables, can only reclaim the rubbish of heat energy,
5, pyrolysismethod, pyrolysismethod are that changing food waste is on the low side owing to calorific value, need to absorb a large amount of heats in pyrolytic process, increase postcombustion, and particularly pyrolysis drying stage in early stage need consume the more external heat energy, can increase operating cost.The moisture content of changing food waste generally all surpasses 60% in addition, institute's water content vaporization earlier always in pyrolytic process in the rubbish, and pyrolysis makes drying garbage requirement external heat energy consumption increase greatly in earlier stage; Simultaneously, the form of steam and flammable pyrolysis combustion gas coexistence, but will seriously reduce the calorific value and the use value of pyrolysis combustion gas.Moreover, make the pyrolysis production technology unstable and be difficult to control because organic matter rubbish complicated component in the changing food waste causes pyrolytic process, parameter to be in the very complicated uncertain factor.
Summary of the invention
In view of the existing defective of above method, the inventor has passed through a large amount of research, has groped, has tested, and has finished the present invention.For this reason, the purpose of this invention is to provide novel changing food waste bioremediation a kind of, it comprises wet type anaerobic bio-treated technology, controls oxygen method composting technology etc. automatically, and this method can at utmost realize the resource of rubbish, and is particularly suitable to the changing food waste that content of organics is higher.Particularly realize zero-emission, do not had secondary pollution.
For achieving the above object, changing food waste bioremediation of the present invention has been taked following steps:
1, carrying out the changing food waste letter sorting separates with pulverizing and grease: after changing food waste is transported to treatment plant, earlier plastics, metal, glass, battery, lighter are difficult for sorting out through the material of biological treatment, with hammer crusher rubbish is pulverized recycling then, again grease is separated;
2, the rubbish that sub-argument is gone out grease carries out anaerobic fermentation: the rubbish that sub-argument is gone out grease is delivered into marsh gas fermentation pool, the changing food waste, fermentation methane bacterial classification that goes out grease according to sewage plant sludge, sub-argument is that the ratio of 100～400:600～900:2～6 is mixed according to mass ratio, and sealed fermenting is 6～12 days then; It is stand-by that biogas carries gas storage holder to store; The natural pond slag clears standby;
3, control oxygen method compost automatically: the natural pond slag that clears is processed into biological organic fertilizer, is natural pond slag, lactic acid bacteria that the ratio of 1000:1～6 mixes the fertile fermentation of laggard windrow according to mass ratio, during the fermentation, every day, oxygen supply was not less than 1 hour to compost, after 6～14 days, pH value is 5.5～7.0, and sour fragrance is arranged, sweat is finished, and carries out granulation, drying, packing then;
4, natural pond liquid is produced biological pesticide: natural pond liquid: rotenone: rice vinegar: capsicim: lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium liquid is that the ratio mixed culture fermentation of 7～10:1～4:1～5:2～6:2～4 got final product in 10～15 days according to mass ratio.
Because the present invention has taked technique scheme, utilize advanced refuse classification equipment and pretreating process technology, wet type pre-selecting system, centrifugal desanding system, Magnetic Metal piece-rate system can be separated tiny inorganic matter impurity such as heavy metal remaining in the rubbish, sand, handstone and glass fragment.So just guaranteed that follow-up perishable organic matter through the high-quality compoiste fertilizer of output after the compost treatment, utilizes available resources reclaiming in the rubbish during sorting, comprised plastics, metal, glass, battery, lighter etc.
Simultaneously, the grease in the changing food waste is separated,, prevented that it from returning dining table as the raw material of industry.
According to the difference of garbage raw material, utilize different microbiological anaerobic bacterium (particularly methane backeria), with the nutrient source of organic matter in the rubbish as it, through the metabolic physiological function of microbiological anaerobic bacterium, changing food waste ferments the most at last.Utilize ectoenzyme that garbage organism is carried out enzymolysis at the liquefaction stage anaerobic species, make solid become water-soluble material; Rely on acid-producing bacteria that DDGS is generated acid intermediate at the product acid phase; Be converted into methane at the product methane phase by other carbon compounds in methane backeria utilization acidity intermediate and the material.Whole fermentation digestion process is finished under totally-enclosed condition, and the gas stirring system of uniqueness makes digestion process fully complete in the fermentation tank, can not produce peculiar smell.
The natural pond slag is through after the Separation of Solid and Liquid behind the rubbish fermentation, and solid portion carries out compost treatment and can make full use of rubbish.When the organic waste compost such as the oxygen supply deficiency, can produce foul smell and garbage disposal overlong time; As excessive ventilation oxygen supply can cause the energy consumption height again, half product taken out of too much, the rubbish heap temperature descends.The result that Automatic Detection and Control oxygen composting technology can obtain according to online inspection Measuring adjusts ventilation automatically according to the oxygen demand of aerobe process.The compost energy consumption is low, has reduced the processing cost of organic waste, and significantly improves and improve compost quality, fundamentally at utmost reduces the generation of foul smell, and the reaction time is also saved over half than traditional compost.
In the comprehensive garbage disposal process of biotechnology, making full use of of the combustible gas of generation, heat energy, electric energy farthest realized the resource of garbage disposal.
Natural pond liquid in the rubbish can make full use of in processing procedure, and natural pond liquid is back to the fermentation to produce biological agricultural chemicals in the rubbish; The organic matter residue is refined into fertilizer by control oxygen compost, turns harm into good; Adopt the biological deodorizing technology, effectively control atmosphere pollution.
The present invention can carry out changing food waste maximum resource, energy is handled, and rubbish is converted into life combustion gas, electric energy, heat energy and fertilizer, is the best approach that present changing food waste is in the world handled.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: changing food waste bioremediation of the present invention has been taked following steps:
1, carrying out the changing food waste letter sorting separates with pulverizing and grease: after changing food waste is transported to treatment plant, earlier plastics, metal, glass, battery, lighter are difficult for sorting out through the material of biological treatment, with hammer crusher rubbish is pulverized recycling then, again grease is separated;
2, the rubbish that sub-argument is gone out grease carries out anaerobic fermentation: the rubbish that sub-argument is gone out grease is delivered into marsh gas fermentation pool, the changing food waste, fermentation methane bacterial classification that goes out grease according to sewage plant sludge, sub-argument is that the ratio of 100:600:2 is mixed according to mass ratio, and sealed fermenting is 6 days then; It is stand-by that biogas carries gas storage holder to store; The natural pond slag clears standby;
3, control oxygen method compost automatically: the natural pond slag that clears is processed into biological organic fertilizer, is natural pond slag (water content 40～60%), lactic acid bacteria that the ratio of 1000:1 mixes the fertile fermentation of laggard windrow according to mass ratio, during the fermentation, every day, oxygen supply was not less than 1 hour to compost, after 6 days, pH value is 5.5～7.0, and sour fragrance is arranged, sweat is finished, and carries out granulation, drying, packing then;
4, natural pond liquid is produced biological pesticide: natural pond liquid: rotenone: rice vinegar: capsicim: lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium liquid is that the ratio mixed culture fermentation of 7:1:1:2:2 got final product in 10 days according to mass ratio.
Embodiment 2: changing food waste bioremediation of the present invention has been taked following steps:
1, carrying out the changing food waste letter sorting separates with pulverizing and grease: after changing food waste is transported to treatment plant, earlier plastics, metal, glass, battery, lighter are difficult for sorting out through the material of biological treatment, with hammer crusher rubbish is pulverized recycling then, again grease is separated;
2, the rubbish that sub-argument is gone out grease carries out anaerobic fermentation: the rubbish that sub-argument is gone out grease is delivered into marsh gas fermentation pool, the changing food waste, fermentation methane bacterial classification that goes out grease according to sewage plant sludge, sub-argument is that the ratio of 200:750:4 is mixed according to mass ratio, and sealed fermenting is 9 days then; It is stand-by that biogas carries gas storage holder to store; The natural pond slag clears standby;
3, control oxygen method compost automatically: the natural pond slag that clears is processed into biological organic fertilizer, is natural pond slag (water content 40～60%), lactic acid bacteria that the ratio of 1000:4 mixes the fertile fermentation of laggard windrow according to mass ratio, during the fermentation, every day, oxygen supply was not less than 1 hour to compost, after 9 days, pH value is 5.5～7.0, and sour fragrance is arranged, sweat is finished, and carries out granulation, drying, packing then;
4, natural pond liquid is produced biological pesticide: natural pond liquid: rotenone: rice vinegar: capsicim: lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium liquid is that the ratio mixed culture fermentation of 8:3:3:4:3 got final product in 10～15 days according to mass ratio.
Embodiment 3: changing food waste bioremediation of the present invention has been taked following steps:
1, carrying out the changing food waste letter sorting separates with pulverizing and grease: after changing food waste is transported to treatment plant, earlier plastics, metal, glass, battery, lighter are difficult for sorting out through the material of biological treatment, with hammer crusher rubbish is pulverized recycling then, again grease is separated;
2, the rubbish that sub-argument is gone out grease carries out anaerobic fermentation: the rubbish that sub-argument is gone out grease is delivered into marsh gas fermentation pool, the changing food waste, fermentation methane bacterial classification that goes out grease according to sewage plant sludge, sub-argument is that the ratio of 400:900:6 is mixed according to mass ratio, and sealed fermenting is 12 days then; It is stand-by that biogas carries gas storage holder to store; The natural pond slag clears standby;
3, control oxygen method compost automatically: the natural pond slag that clears is processed into biological organic fertilizer, is natural pond slag (water content 40～60%), lactic acid bacteria that the ratio of 1000:6 mixes the fertile fermentation of laggard windrow according to mass ratio, during the fermentation, every day, oxygen supply was not less than 1 hour to compost, after 14 days, pH value is 5.5～7.0, and sour fragrance is arranged, sweat is finished, and carries out granulation, drying, packing then;
4, natural pond liquid is produced biological pesticide: natural pond liquid: rotenone: rice vinegar: capsicim: lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium liquid is that the ratio mixed culture fermentation of 10:4:5:6:4 got final product in 15 days according to mass ratio.
Claims (1)
1. changing food waste bioremediation, this method comprises the steps:
A, carry out the changing food waste letter sorting and separate: after changing food waste is transported to treatment plant with pulverizing and grease, earlier plastics, metal, glass, battery, lighter are difficult for sorting out through the material of biological treatment, with hammer crusher rubbish is pulverized recycling then, again grease is separated;
B, the rubbish that sub-argument is gone out grease carry out anaerobic fermentation: the rubbish that sub-argument is gone out grease is delivered into marsh gas fermentation pool, the changing food waste, fermentation methane bacterial classification that goes out grease according to sewage plant sludge, sub-argument is that the ratio of 100～400:600～900:2～6 is mixed according to mass ratio, and sealed fermenting is 6～12 days then; It is stand-by that biogas carries gas storage holder to store; The natural pond slag clears standby;
C, control oxygen method compost automatically: the natural pond slag that clears is processed into biological organic fertilizer, is natural pond slag, lactic acid bacteria that the ratio of 1000:1～6 mixes the fertile fermentation of laggard windrow according to mass ratio, during the fermentation, every day, oxygen supply was not less than 1 hour to compost, after 6～14 days, pH value is 5.5～7.0, and sour fragrance is arranged, sweat is finished, and carries out granulation, drying, packing then;
D, natural pond liquid produce biological pesticide: natural pond liquid: rotenone: rice vinegar: capsicim: lactobacillus acidophilus bacterium liquid is that the ratio mixed culture fermentation of 7～10:1～4:1～5:2～6:2～4 got final product in 10～15 days according to mass ratio.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102503595A (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2012-06-20 | 北京弗瑞格林环境资源投资有限公司 | Reutilization treatment method of kitchen waste |
| CN102951934A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2013-03-06 | 江苏洁净环境科技有限公司 | Treating process for kitchen waste |
| CN105112489A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2015-12-02 | 农业部沼气科学研究所 | Acidification pretreatment method for producing marsh gas by using waste edible oil |
| CN105145644A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-12-16 | 陆月霞 | Preparation technology of biomass pesticide capable of preventing rice toxicity |
| CN105724450A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-07-06 | 山东十方环保能源股份有限公司 | Method for preparing pesticide capable of preventing and treating Chinese chive maggots from biogas slurry |
| CN105798050A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-07-27 | 张共敏 | Kitchen waste and household garbage incineration power generation cooperative treatment technology |
| CN108142740A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2018-06-12 | 山东巧宾农业科技有限公司 | The blattaria feed prepared using organic refuse fermentation residue as raw material |
| CN109020688A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-12-18 | 蒙建玲 | Anaerobism adds the method for aerobic fermentation production ecological organic fertilier |
| CN110092676A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-06 | 连云港金驰生物科技有限公司 | A method of biological organic fertilizer is prepared with kitchen garbage |
| CN110562637A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2019-12-13 | 都江堰市千乙生物科技有限公司 | Household kitchen waste storage barrel |
| CN111647537A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-11 | 浙江工业大学 | Salt-tolerant capsaicin degrading bacteria, application and kitchen waste treatment method |
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| CN102951934A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2013-03-06 | 江苏洁净环境科技有限公司 | Treating process for kitchen waste |
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| CN105724450A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-07-06 | 山东十方环保能源股份有限公司 | Method for preparing pesticide capable of preventing and treating Chinese chive maggots from biogas slurry |
| CN105724450B (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2018-08-24 | 山东十方环保能源股份有限公司 | A method of preparing the pesticide of prevention bradysia odoriphaga using biogas slurry |
| CN105798050A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-07-27 | 张共敏 | Kitchen waste and household garbage incineration power generation cooperative treatment technology |
| CN105798050B (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2018-06-15 | 张共敏 | Kitchen castoff cooperates with treatment process with domestic garbage burning electricity generation |
| CN108142740A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2018-06-12 | 山东巧宾农业科技有限公司 | The blattaria feed prepared using organic refuse fermentation residue as raw material |
| CN109020688A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-12-18 | 蒙建玲 | Anaerobism adds the method for aerobic fermentation production ecological organic fertilier |
| CN110092676A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-06 | 连云港金驰生物科技有限公司 | A method of biological organic fertilizer is prepared with kitchen garbage |
| CN110562637A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2019-12-13 | 都江堰市千乙生物科技有限公司 | Household kitchen waste storage barrel |
| CN111647537A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-11 | 浙江工业大学 | Salt-tolerant capsaicin degrading bacteria, application and kitchen waste treatment method |
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Application publication date: 20110907 |