CN102157746B - Jet air supply type single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell stack - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a solid oxide fuel cell stack of a jet-flow gas-supply single-gas chamber, which belongs to the field of electrochemical power generation. It solves the problem that in the existing single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell group, the connecting piece blocks the diffusion of the reaction gas to the reaction area on the electrode surface, so that the performance of each part of the cell is affected. Option 1: The first ventilation pipe and the second ventilation pipe are arranged side by side on the insulating support body, the battery pack is arranged on the insulating support body, and the battery pack is located between the first ventilation pipe and the second ventilation pipe, and between the single cells Connected by a conductive connector, the first ventilation pipe is provided with a first ventilation hole, and the second ventilation pipe is provided with a second ventilation hole; Scheme 2: The reaction gas delivery pipe is installed on the insulating support body, and the reaction gas delivery pipe There are multiple delivery ports on both sides, and the delivery ports on both sides of the reaction gas delivery pipe are arranged in a dislocation manner. The single cell is an electrolyte-supported electrode coplanar battery, and multiple single cells are arranged on both sides of the reaction gas delivery pipe. The invention is used to generate electricity.

Description

Jet gas-supplied single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell stack

technical field

The invention relates to a single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell group, which belongs to the field of electrochemical power generation.

Background technique

Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a power generation device that can directly convert the chemical energy of fuel into electrical energy. It has the advantages of high efficiency, cleanliness, and wide range of fuel sources. It is considered to be one of the main directions of new energy applications in the future. A single cell is mainly composed of electrolyte, cathode and anode. Due to the limited voltage and current output of single cells, in order to obtain higher output voltage and output current to achieve practical value, it is necessary to connect single cells in series to form a battery pack. The SOFC with the traditional double-chamber structure has two gas chambers, where fuel gas is in the anode gas chamber, oxygen (or air) is in the cathode gas chamber, and the two gas chambers are separated by an electrolyte. In order to avoid fuel leakage and mixing with oxygen, the electrolyte is required to be relatively dense and airtight, and the boundary must also be sealed with a sealing material. When forming a battery pack, many gas chambers are required, and each gas chamber is fed with its own reaction gas, which makes the structure of the system very complicated and greatly increases the difficulty of manufacture. However, there are problems such as matching between the sealing material and the battery components, and the sealing process of multiple gas chambers is complicated. Therefore, the dual-gas chamber SOFC battery pack has high requirements on materials and manufacturing processes.

Single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell (SC-SOFC) is to place the cathode and anode of the battery in the same reaction gas chamber. The reaction gas chamber is filled with a mixed gas containing fuel and oxygen, and the cathode and anode are used to pair the mixed atmosphere. The electromotive force generated by the selective catalytic difference works. The outstanding feature of a single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell is that the entire cell is in a mixed atmosphere of fuel and air. Therefore, compared with traditional SOFC, SC-SOFC has the advantages of no need for sealing, simple structure, fast thermal start, and easy assembly of battery packs. Etc. For this type of SOFC, the Chinese invention patent No. ZL200610009799.6 "A single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell series battery pack" uses multiple single cells to be stacked in sequence and connected in series to form a battery pack. The battery pack extends in one direction, and the dry gas flow around the battery pack flows slowly along the direction perpendicular to the electrode surface, and the reactant gas then diffuses to the battery surface along the direction perpendicular to the dry air flow. The gas distribution in the entire space of this design is not uniform, because the working atmosphere of the front-end and back-end cells of the battery pack is very different as the electrochemical reaction of the battery, the partial oxidation reaction of the fuel, and the direct reaction of the fuel gas with oxygen continue to proceed, It has a great impact on the output performance of the battery pack, which makes the number of battery stacks not too large, which is not conducive to the enlargement of the battery pack, and its space utilization rate is not high. The Chinese invention patent "array type single chamber solid oxide fuel cell module" with the patent number ZL200810064668.7 proposes a battery pack in which multiple single cells are arranged in an array. This design is compact in structure and space-saving. The utilization rate is high, but the actual gas flow field of the battery pack is complex, and it is difficult for the reaction gas to evenly reach the cathode and anode of each single cell, which affects the performance of some batteries, thereby reducing the output voltage and output power of the battery pack. The Chinese invention patent with application number 201010261152.9 "unsealed solid oxide fuel cell stack with dual gas channels" uses two vent pipes to transport fuel-rich gas and oxygen-rich gas respectively, and the fuel-rich vent pipe and oxygen-rich vent pipe are evenly distributed The air vents are used to disperse the gas, so that the reaction gas reaching each single cell is more uniform, but because the metal sheet with holes is used as the connecting piece, the connecting piece that has a large area of contact with the electrode surface blocks the reaction area of the reaction gas from the electrode surface Diffusion is not conducive to the performance of the battery and the full utilization of the fuel. In addition, the existence of the metal connecting piece bent into a Z shape or a V shape will also affect the flow rate and flow direction of the reactant gas near the electrodes, and will also affect the performance of various parts of the battery to varying degrees.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the connecting piece in the existing single-gas chamber solid oxide fuel cell stack blocks the diffusion of the reaction gas to the reaction zone on the electrode surface, which is not conducive to the performance of the battery and the full utilization of the fuel, and affects the reaction gas in the battery. The flow rate and flow direction near the electrode affect the performance of each part of the battery, and a jet gas supply type single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell stack is provided.

The first technical solution of the present invention is: the jet gas-supplied single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell stack includes an anode lead, a cathode lead, a first ventilation pipe, a second ventilation pipe and a plurality of single cells, and the jet gas-supply single chamber The plenum solid oxide fuel cell stack also includes an insulating support and a plurality of conductive connectors, the first vent pipe and the second vent pipe are relatively juxtaposed on the insulating support, and the insulating support has multiple openings. A plurality of positioning slots are arranged equidistantly from top to bottom, and the plurality of positioning slots are located between the first ventilation pipe and the second ventilation pipe, each positioning slot is provided with a single battery, and the adjacent two The single cells are connected through conductive connectors to form a battery pack. A plurality of first ventilation holes are opened on the side wall of the first ventilation pipe, and the plurality of first ventilation holes are arranged at equal distances. The second ventilation pipe and the first ventilation pipe are arranged at equal distances. A plurality of second ventilation holes are opened on the opposite side wall of the ventilation pipe, and the plurality of second ventilation holes are arranged at equal distances, and the porous anode of each single cell corresponds to one or more first ventilation holes, The porous cathode of each single cell corresponds to one or more second vent holes, the anode of the battery pack is drawn out through the anode lead, the cathode of the battery pack is drawn out through the cathode lead, and fuel, The mixed gas composed of fuel and diluent gas or the mixed gas of fuel, oxygen and diluent gas, the second ventilation pipe is fed with the mixed gas composed of oxygen, oxygen and diluent gas or the mixed gas of fuel, oxygen and diluent gas, the first The cutting direction of the air hole is perpendicular to the surface of the porous anode of the single cell, the gas ejected from the first vent hole is vertically sprayed on the surface of the porous anode of the single cell, and the cutting direction of the second vent hole is perpendicular to the surface of the porous cathode of the single cell Vertically, the gas ejected from the second air hole is vertically sprayed on the surface of the porous cathode of the single cell; the single cell is composed of three parts: porous anode, electrolyte layer and porous cathode, and the porous anode and porous cathode are arranged in the The upper and lower end faces of the electrolyte layer.

The second technical solution of the present invention is: the jet gas-supplied single-gas chamber solid oxide fuel cell stack includes an anode lead, a cathode lead and a plurality of single cells, and the jet gas-supplied single-gas chamber solid oxide fuel cell stack also includes An insulating support body, a reaction gas delivery pipe and a plurality of conductive connectors, the reaction gas delivery pipe is perforated on the insulating support body, a plurality of equal-sized delivery ports are opened on both sides of the reaction gas delivery pipe, and the reaction gas The delivery ports on both sides of the delivery pipe are arranged in dislocation, and the delivery ports on the same side of the reaction gas delivery pipe are arranged equidistantly from top to bottom. There are multiple positioning slots on the insulating support, and each positioning slot is connected to a delivery Corresponding to the mouth, each positioning groove is provided with a single cell, and multiple single cells are connected through a plurality of conductive connectors to form a battery pack. It consists of three parts: porous anode, electrolyte layer and porous cathode. Both the porous anode and the porous cathode are on the same side of the electrolyte layer. The anode of the battery pack is drawn out through the anode lead, and the cathode of the battery pack is drawn out through the cathode lead. , the mixed gas of fuel, oxygen and diluent gas is passed into the reaction gas delivery pipe, the cutting direction of the delivery port is perpendicular to the surface of the porous anode and the porous cathode of the single cell, and the gas ejected from the delivery port is vertically sprayed on the porous surface of the single cell on the surface of the anode and the porous cathode.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the jet gas-supply single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell stack of the present invention makes each single cell in a uniform reaction gas, eliminating the gas components between the cells At the same time, the reaction gas is directly injected to the electrode surface of the single cell to help the reaction gas and the electrode surface fully contact, which is beneficial to the improvement of fuel utilization.

Description of drawings

为放电特性曲线，

为输出功率特性曲线)。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a jet gas-supplied single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell stack of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an insulating support 4, Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an anode-supported single cell, and Fig. 4 is an electrolyte support Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a cathode-supported single battery, Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a single battery with a circular cross section, Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a single battery with a square cross section, and Figure 8 is A schematic structural view of a single cell with a rectangular cross-section. FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a single cell with a trapezoidal cross-section. FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of the first ventilation pipe 2 with a circular cross-section in Embodiment 8. The structure schematic diagram of the first air pipe 2 with a square cross section in the eighth mode, and Fig. 12 is the structural schematic diagram of the first air pipe 2 with a rectangular cross section in the eighth specific embodiment, and Fig. 13 is a circular cross section in the eighth specific embodiment. The structural schematic diagram of the second ventilation pipe 3, Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the second ventilation pipe 3 with a square cross section in the eighth specific embodiment, and Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the second ventilation pipe 3 with a rectangular cross section in the eighth specific embodiment , FIG. 16 is a schematic structural view of the first air pipe 2 in which the first air hole 2-1 is a rectangle in the ninth embodiment, and FIG. 17 is a first air pipe 2 in which the first air hole 2-1 is a triangle in the ninth embodiment. Schematic diagram of the structure, Fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of the second ventilation pipe 3 in which the second ventilation hole 3-1 is a rectangle in the ninth specific embodiment, and Fig. 19 is a second ventilation pipe 3 with a triangular second ventilation hole 3-1 in the ninth specific embodiment Schematic diagram of the structure of the trachea 3, Figure 20 is a side view of the positional relationship between the single cell 1 and the insulating support 4 in the tenth specific embodiment, and Figure 21 is the position between the single cell 1 and the insulating support 4 in the tenth specific embodiment Relational cross-sectional view, Fig. 22 is the first ventilation pipe 2 and the second ventilation pipe 3 when the shape of the first ventilation hole 2-1 and the second ventilation hole 3-1 in the ninth embodiment is also a punched circular hole shape Schematic diagram of the positional relationship, Fig. 23 is a top view of the electrolyte-supported electrode coplanar battery in the eleventh embodiment, Fig. 24 is a bottom view of Fig. 23, and Fig. 25 is a jet gas-supplied single-gas chamber solid oxide in the eleventh embodiment Schematic diagram of the structure of the fuel cell stack, Fig. 26 is a structural diagram of the insulating support body 4 of the jet gas-supplied single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell stack in the eleventh specific embodiment, and Fig. 27 is the present embodiment described in the sixteenth specific embodiment Invented output characteristic curve (in the

is the discharge characteristic curve,

is the output power characteristic curve).

Detailed ways

Specific Embodiment 1: This embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 5. The jet gas-supplied single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell stack of this embodiment includes an anode lead 5, a cathode lead 6, a first ventilation pipe 2, a second A vent pipe 3 and a plurality of single cells 1, the jet gas-supplied single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell stack also includes an insulating support 4 and a plurality of conductive connectors 7, the first vent pipe 2 and the second vent pipe The trachea 3 is relatively juxtaposed on the insulating support body 4, and the insulating support body 4 is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves 4-1, and the plurality of positioning grooves 4-1 are arranged equidistantly from top to bottom, and a plurality of positioning grooves 4-1 The groove 4-1 is located between the first ventilation pipe 2 and the second ventilation pipe 3, and each positioning groove 4-1 is provided with a single cell 1, and two adjacent single cells 1 are connected by a conductive connector 7 To form a battery pack, a plurality of first ventilation holes 2-1 are opened on the side wall of the first ventilation pipe 2, and the plurality of first ventilation holes 2-1 are arranged at equal distances. A plurality of second air holes 3-1 are opened on the opposite side wall of the gas pipe 2, and the plurality of second air holes 3-1 are arranged at equal distances, and the porous anode 1-1 of each single cell 1 is connected to one or A plurality of first ventilation holes 2-1 correspond, the porous cathode 1-3 of each single cell 1 corresponds to one or more second ventilation holes 3-1, and the anode of the battery pack is drawn out through the anode lead 5, The cathode of the battery pack is drawn out through the cathode lead wire 6, the first vent tube 2 is fed with fuel, the mixed gas of fuel and diluent gas or the mixed gas of fuel, oxygen and diluent gas, and the second vent tube 3 is fed with oxygen , a mixed gas composed of oxygen and diluent gas or a mixed gas of fuel, oxygen and diluent gas, the cutting direction of the first vent hole 2-1 is perpendicular to the surface of the porous anode 1-1 of the single cell 1, and the first vent hole 2 -1 The gas ejected is vertically sprayed on the surface of the porous anode 1-1 of the single cell 1, the cutting direction of the second vent hole 3-1 is perpendicular to the surface of the porous cathode 1-3 of the single cell 1, and the second vent hole The gas ejected from the pores 3-1 is vertically ejected onto the surface of the porous cathode 1-3 of the single cell 1.

The single cell 1 described in this embodiment is composed of three parts: a porous anode 1-1, an electrolyte layer 1-2, and a porous cathode 1-3. The porous anode 1-1 and the porous cathode 1-3 are arranged in the electrolyte layer 1-3. 2 on the upper end face and the lower end face. Each single battery 1 is connected with a conductive connecting body 7, and assembled into a row of battery pack units with dual gas passages. The first vent pipe 2 and the second vent pipe 3 respectively pass a certain flow rate of reaction gas, and the gas ejected from each first vent hole 2-1 and second vent hole 3-1 directly reaches the corresponding electrode of the single cell 1 , the first air hole 2-1 sprays the reaction gas onto the surface of the porous anode 1-1 of each single cell 1, and the second air hole 3-1 sprays the reaction gas onto the surface of the porous cathode 1-3 of each single cell 1, which The flow rate and composition of the reaction gas reaching the electrode surface of each single cell 1 are kept consistent, so that each single cell 1 undergoes an electrochemical reaction in the same state. The output current of the battery pack is drawn out through the anode lead 5 and the cathode lead 6 .

Embodiment 2: This embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 . The single cell 1 of this embodiment is an anode-supported fuel cell, an electrolyte-supported fuel cell or a cathode-supported fuel cell. Other components and connections are the same as those in Embodiment 1.

Specific Embodiment Three: This embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 6 to FIG. 9 . The cross-sectional shape of the single battery 1 in this embodiment is circular, square, rectangular or trapezoidal. Other compositions and connections are the same as those in the first or second embodiment.

Specific Embodiment 4: This embodiment is described with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 3 to Fig. 5. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1, 2 or 3 is that the material of the porous anode 1-1 of the single cell 1 is: nickel One or more of the oxides of transition metals, cobalt and iron transition metals are mixed, and then mixed with doped zirconia or doped ceria and pore-forming agents, and the elemental metal and oxide ceramics are formed after sintering and reduction. Composite materials composed of;

Or it is an oxide material with selective catalytic effect on fuel, including composite oxide materials and composite oxide materials of two or more components of La, Sr, Ba, Ca, Cr, Ti, Mg, Mo, Fe and Mn metal elements Composite materials mixed with porogens;

The material of the electrolyte layer 1-2 of the unit cell 1 is: a solid electrolyte doped with zirconia, doped with cerium oxide or doped with lanthanum gallate;

The material of the porous cathode 1-3 of the unit cell 1 is: a composite oxide material having the general formula of ABO ₃ or A ₂ BO ₄ , or a composite oxide material and electrolyte material having the general formula of ABO ₃ or A ₂ BO ₄ A composite cathode material composed of; wherein O is oxygen element, wherein the A site is composed of one or more lanthanide rare earths and alkaline earth elements, and the lanthanide rare earths include La, Y, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu and Gd, alkaline earth The elements include Ca, Sr and Ba; the B site is one or more transition metal elements, including Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ti, V and Zn.

Embodiment 5: This embodiment is described in conjunction with FIG. 1. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiments 1, 2, 3 or 4 is that the conductive connector 7 is a high-temperature-resistant, redox-resistant conductive metal material, a conductive alloy , an oxide conductive ceramic material or a metal material with an oxide coating, and the conductive connector 7 is in the shape of a metal strip or a metal grid.

In this embodiment, the high temperature resistant redox resistant conductive metal material such as gold, silver, platinum or stainless steel; the oxide conductive ceramic material such as lanthanum chromate.

Specific embodiment 6: This embodiment is described in conjunction with FIG. 1 . The difference between this embodiment and specific embodiments 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 is that conductive connector 7 and single cell 1 are bonded with conductive adhesive , Diffusion welding or sintering to achieve mechanical connection and electrical connection at the same time.

Specific embodiment 7: This embodiment is described in conjunction with FIG. 1 . The difference between this embodiment and specific embodiments 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 is: the materials of the first ventilation pipe 2 and the second ventilation pipe 3 All are ceramics, quartz glass or high temperature resistant metals.

The ceramics, quartz glass or high-temperature-resistant metals in this embodiment have good chemical stability. The high temperature resistant metal in this embodiment is, for example, stainless steel.

Embodiment 8: This embodiment is described with reference to FIGS. 10 to 15 . The difference between this embodiment and Embodiments 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 is that the first air pipe 2 and the second The cross-sectional shape of the ventilation pipe 3 is circular, square or rectangular.

Specific embodiment nine: this embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 16 to Fig. 19. The difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment one, two, three, four, five, six, seven or eight is: the first air hole 2- 1 and the second ventilation holes 3-1 are both rectangular or triangular in shape.

The shapes of the first ventilation hole 2-1 and the second ventilation hole 3-1 in this embodiment may also be punched and drilled round holes (see FIG. 22 ).

Specific Embodiment Ten: This embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 . The difference between this embodiment and Embodiments 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 lies in: the material of the insulating support 4 It adopts materials with fast heat conduction, high temperature resistance and high compressive strength. Such as ceramic material or mica board, etc., at the same time have a low thermal expansion coefficient, excellent thermal stability, and good thermal shock resistance. For example: the single cell 1 is embedded in a mica plate, and the atmosphere of the porous anode 1-1 and the porous cathode 1-3 is isolated to a certain extent by using the mica plate (see FIG. 20 and FIG. 21 ).

Specific Embodiment Eleven: This embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 23 to FIG. 26. The jet gas-supplied single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell stack of this embodiment includes an anode lead 5, a cathode lead 6 and a plurality of single cells 1. The jet gas-supply single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell stack also includes an insulating support 4, a reaction gas delivery pipe 8 and a plurality of conductive connectors 7, and the reaction gas delivery pipe 8 is passed through the insulating support 4, Both sides of the reaction gas delivery pipe 8 are respectively provided with a plurality of delivery ports 8-1 of equal size, and the delivery ports 8-1 on both sides of the reaction gas delivery pipe 8 are misplaced, and the delivery ports on the same side of the reaction gas delivery pipe 8 8-1 are arranged equidistantly from top to bottom. The insulating support body 4 is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves 4-1, and each positioning groove 4-1 corresponds to a delivery port 8-1. Each positioning A single cell 1 is arranged in the tank 4-1, and a plurality of single cells 1 are connected through a plurality of conductive connectors 7 to form a battery pack. It consists of three parts: porous anode 1-1, electrolyte layer 1-2 and porous cathode 1-3. The porous anode 1-1 and porous cathode 1-3 are both on the same side of the electrolyte layer 1-2. The battery The anode of the group is drawn out through the anode lead 5, the cathode of the battery pack is drawn out through the cathode lead 6, and the mixed gas of fuel, oxygen and diluent gas is passed into the reaction gas delivery pipe 8, and the cutting direction of the delivery port 8-1 is consistent with that of the single cell. The surfaces of the porous anode 1-1 and porous cathode 1-3 of 1 are vertical, and the gas ejected from the delivery port 8-1 is vertically sprayed on the surfaces of the porous anode 1-1 and porous cathode 1-3 of the single cell 1.

Embodiment 12: This embodiment is described in conjunction with FIG. 25. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 11 is that the conductive connecting body 7 is a high-temperature-resistant redox-resistant conductive metal material, a conductive alloy, and an oxide conductive material. Ceramic material or metal material with oxide coating, and the conductive connecting body 7 is in the shape of a metal strip or a metal grid.

In this embodiment, the high temperature resistant redox resistant conductive metal material such as gold, silver, platinum or stainless steel; the oxide conductive ceramic material such as lanthanum chromate.

Specific Embodiment Thirteen: This embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 25 . The difference between this embodiment and specific embodiments eleven or twelve is that the conductive connector 7 and the single cell 1 are bonded with conductive adhesive or diffusion welding. Or sintering to achieve mechanical connection and electrical connection at the same time.

Specific Embodiment 14: This embodiment is described in conjunction with FIG. 25. The difference between this embodiment and specific embodiments 11, 12 or 13 is that the material of the reaction gas delivery pipe 8 is ceramic, quartz glass or resistant high temperature metal.

The ceramics, quartz glass or high-temperature-resistant metals in this embodiment have good chemical stability. The high temperature resistant metal in this embodiment is, for example, stainless steel.

Specific Embodiment 15: This embodiment is described with reference to Fig. 25 and Fig. 26. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 11, 12, 13 or 14 is that the material of the insulating support body 4 adopts fast heat conduction, High temperature resistant and high compressive strength material. Such as ceramic material or mica board, etc., at the same time have a low thermal expansion coefficient, excellent thermal stability, and good thermal shock resistance.

Specific Embodiment Sixteen: The present embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. 27 . FIG. 27 shows the output characteristics of a battery pack formed by using two anode-supported single cells 1 connected in series. Each single cell 1 in the battery pack is arranged in the structure described in the first embodiment. Among them, the single cell 1 is a Ni+YSZ anode supporting a YSZ thin film battery, and an LSM+SDC composite cathode is used. The effective area of each single cell 1 is 1.2 square centimeters. Specific working atmosphere: the nitrogen flow rate on the porous anode 1-1 side is 150 ml/min, the methane flow rate is 120 ml/min; the nitrogen flow rate on the porous cathode side is 0 ml/min, and the oxygen flow rate is 80 ml/min. It can be seen from the figure that the open circuit voltage of the battery pack is 2.1V, the maximum output power is 1.12W, and the fuel utilization rate corresponding to the maximum power of the battery pack is about 3.2%, showing a good application prospect.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and may also be a reasonable combination of the technical features described in the above-mentioned embodiments.

Claims (8)

1. A jet gas-supply single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell stack, which includes an anode lead (5), a cathode lead (6), a first vent pipe (2), a second vent pipe (3) and a plurality of A single cell (1), characterized in that the jet gas-supply single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell stack further includes an insulating support (4) and a plurality of conductive connectors (7), and the first ventilation pipe ( 2) and the second ventilation pipe (3) are relatively juxtaposed on the insulating support body (4), and the insulating support body (4) is provided with a plurality of positioning slots (4-1), and a plurality of positioning slots (4-1) -1) Arranged equidistantly from top to bottom, and multiple positioning slots (4-1) are located between the first ventilation tube (2) and the second ventilation tube (3), each positioning slot (4-1) A single battery (1) is arranged inside, and two adjacent single batteries (1) are connected through a conductive connector (7) to form a battery pack. The side wall of the first ventilation pipe (2) is provided with a plurality of first A vent hole (2-1), a plurality of first vent holes (2-1) are arranged at equal distances, and the second vent pipe (3) is opened on the side wall opposite to the first vent pipe (2). a second ventilation hole (3-1), a plurality of second ventilation holes (3-1) are arranged at equal distances, and the porous anode (1-1) of each cell (1) is connected with one or more Corresponding to the first ventilation hole (2-1), the porous cathode (1-3) of each cell (1) corresponds to one or more second ventilation holes (3-1), and the anode of the battery pack It is drawn out through the anode lead (5), the cathode of the battery pack is drawn out through the cathode lead (6), and the fuel, the mixed gas composed of fuel and diluent gas or the mixture of fuel, oxygen and diluent gas are passed into the first vent pipe (2). Mixed gas, the second vent pipe (3) is filled with oxygen, a mixed gas composed of oxygen and diluent gas or a mixed gas of fuel, oxygen and diluent gas, the cutting direction of the first vent hole (2-1) is the same as that of the single cell ( 1) The surface of the porous anode (1-1) is vertical, the gas ejected from the first vent hole (2-1) is vertically sprayed on the surface of the porous anode (1-1) of the single cell (1), the second The cutting direction of the air hole (3-1) is perpendicular to the surface of the porous cathode (1-3) of the single cell (1), and the gas ejected from the second air hole (3-1) is vertically sprayed on the single cell (1) On the surface of the porous cathode (1-3); the single cell (1) is composed of three parts: the porous anode (1-1), the electrolyte layer (1-2) and the porous cathode (1-3), and the porous The anode (1-1) and the porous cathode (1-3) are arranged on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the electrolyte layer (1-2), wherein the conductive connector (7) is a conductive metal material resistant to high temperature and redox , conductive alloy, oxide conductive ceramic material or metal material with oxide coating, and the conductive connector (7) is in the shape of a metal strip or metal grid, the conductive connector (7) and the single cell (1) Conductive adhesive bonding, diffusion welding or sintering are used to achieve mechanical connection and electrical connection at the same time. 2. The jet gas-supplied single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that the single cell (1) is an anode-supported fuel cell, an electrolyte-supported fuel cell or a cathode-supported fuel cell ; The cross-sectional shape of the single battery (1) is circular, square, rectangular or trapezoidal. 3. The jet gas-supplied single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell stack according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the material of the porous anode (1-1) of the single cell (1) is: nickel, cobalt and One or several oxides of iron transition metals are mixed, then mixed with doped zirconia or doped ceria and pore-forming agents, and the compound composed of elemental metal and oxide ceramics formed after sintering and reduction Material; Or it is a composite material mixed with a composite oxide material including various components of La, Sr, Ba, Ca, Cr, Ti, Mg, Mo, Fe and Mn metal elements and a pore-forming agent; The material of the electrolyte layer (1-2) of the single cell (1) is: a solid electrolyte doped with zirconia, doped with cerium oxide or doped with lanthanum gallate; The material of the porous cathode (1-3) of the single cell (1) is: a composite oxide material with the general formula of ABO ₃ or A ₂ BO ₄ , or a composite oxide with the general formula of ABO ₃ or A ₂ BO ₄ A composite cathode material composed of materials and electrolyte materials; wherein O is oxygen element, wherein the A site is composed of one or more lanthanide rare earths and alkaline earth elements, and the lanthanide rare earths include La, Y, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu and Gd, the alkaline earth elements include Ca, Sr and Ba; the B site is one or more transition metal elements, including Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ti, V and Zn. 4. The jet gas-supplied single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that the materials of the first vent pipe (2) and the second vent pipe (3) are both ceramics and quartz glass or stainless steel. 5. The jet gas-supplied single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell stack according to claim 4, characterized in that the cross-sectional shapes of the first vent pipe (2) and the second vent pipe (3) are both circular , square or rectangle. 6. The jet gas-supplied single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell stack according to claim 5, characterized in that the shapes of the first vent hole (2-1) and the second vent hole (3-1) are both rectangle or triangle. 7. The jet gas-supplied single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell stack according to claim 1, 2, 5 or 6, characterized in that: the material of the insulating support (4) adopts fast heat conduction, high temperature resistance and pressure resistance High strength material. 8. A jet gas-supply type single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell stack, which includes an anode lead (5), a cathode lead (6) and a plurality of single cells (1), characterized in that: the jet gas-supply type The single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell stack also includes an insulating support body (4), a reaction gas delivery pipe (8) and a plurality of conductive connectors (7), and the reaction gas delivery pipe (8) is passed through the insulating support body On (4), there are multiple delivery ports (8-1) of equal size on both sides of the reaction gas delivery pipe (8), and the delivery ports (8-1) on both sides of the reaction gas delivery pipe (8) are misaligned Arrangement, the delivery ports (8-1) on the same side of the reaction gas delivery pipe (8) are arranged equidistantly from top to bottom, and the insulating support (4) is provided with a plurality of positioning slots (4-1), Each positioning slot (4-1) corresponds to a delivery port (8-1), and each positioning slot (4-1) is provided with a single battery (1), and multiple single batteries (1) pass through multiple Two conductive connectors (7) are connected to form a battery pack. The single cell (1) is an electrolyte-supported electrode coplanar battery, and the electrolyte-supported electrode coplanar battery consists of a porous anode (1-1), an electrolyte layer (1-2 ) and porous cathode (1-3), the porous anode (1-1) and the porous cathode (1-3) are both on the same side of the electrolyte layer (1-2), the anode of the battery pack It is drawn out through the anode lead (5), the cathode of the battery pack is drawn out through the cathode lead (6), and the mixed gas of fuel, oxygen and diluent gas is passed into the reaction gas delivery pipe (8), and the delivery port (8-1) The cutting direction is perpendicular to the surface of the porous anode (1-1) and porous cathode (1-3) of the single cell (1), and the gas ejected from the delivery port (8-1) is vertically sprayed on the porous surface of the single cell (1). on the surface of the anode (1-1) and the porous cathode (1-3).

Images