CN102148408A - Method and circuit for cascade compensation balancing of battery pack - Google Patents
Method and circuit for cascade compensation balancing of battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- CN102148408A CN102148408A CN2011100524361A CN201110052436A CN102148408A CN 102148408 A CN102148408 A CN 102148408A CN 2011100524361 A CN2011100524361 A CN 2011100524361A CN 201110052436 A CN201110052436 A CN 201110052436A CN 102148408 A CN102148408 A CN 102148408A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a circuit for cascade compensation balancing of a battery pack, and the balancing method comprises acquisition of information of the battery pack, processing of the acquired information and implementation of balancing of the battery pack, wherein the implementation of the balancing of the battery pack is as follows: a controller is used for on-off control of a corresponding actuator so as to connect one or more continuous battery units which need to be balanced with a constant current source in series for forming a loop; and the balancing circuit comprises the controller, the constant current source and a plurality of trunk switches and branch switches, wherein the constant current source, the trunk switches and the branch switches are connected with the controller respectively, the plurality of the trunk switches are connected in series and then connected with the constant current source, and two ends of each trunk switch are connected with the battery units through the branch switches in parallel respectively. By adopting the method and the circuit, cascade compensation type balancing can be performed on any one or the plurality of the continuous battery units with lower voltage or smaller capacity in the battery pack, the balancing method for the battery pack is low in cost, non-destructive and active, and the balancing circuit is simple and easy to expand simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of battery pack series compensation equalization methods and circuit, relate in particular to a kind of compensation equalization methods and circuit that is applied to each cell voltage in the battery pack or battery capacity.
Background technology
All need to use series battery in application scenarios such as energy-accumulating power station, electric automobiles, to satisfy the demand of high voltage, high power capacity.Cell is carrying out will inevitably enlarging this species diversity in the charging and discharging process owing to reasons such as production technology cause the difference of each battery capacity and performance to battery pack; During charging, capacity is little, the battery of poor performance can produce and overcharge phenomenon, and when discharge, capacity is little, the battery of poor performance had and puts phenomenon, if things go on like this, will speed up the damage of battery.Therefore, need to adopt equalizing circuit be the common recognition of Chinese scholars and industry to prolong the battery pack life-span to power battery pack.
Equalization methods commonly used has shunt resistance equalization in parallel: as shown in Figure 1, the resistance of a controlled break-make in parallel on each cell, it can play the effect of shunting, the voltage of each cell of system acquisition, if after finding wherein have monomer battery voltage to surpass certain threshold value of average voltage, this cell of conducting and the resistance that connects and shunt, energy consumption is on parallel resistance, charge so faster that cell can slow down charging rate, finally make all batteries to be full of simultaneously.This equalizing circuit advantage is low, simple, the easy realization of cost, and shortcoming is excessive energy loss, obviously is not suitable for high power capacity, high-tension electrokinetic cell application scenario.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of battery pack series compensation equalization methods and circuit, this method can be carried out the equilibrium of series compensation formula by battery unit on the low side to voltage or that capacity is less than normal, it is a kind of battery pack balancing method with low cost, harmless, active, equalizing circuit is simple simultaneously, is easy to expansion.The method realizes the equilibrium of battery cell voltage, capacity according to the formulation of different balanced rules, can carry out equilibrium simultaneously to any one or continuous a plurality of battery units in the battery pack, the super-charge super-discharge phenomenon that can effectively suppress battery unit in the series battery is improved the consistency of battery unit in the shortest time.
For addressing the above problem, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of battery pack series compensation equalization methods, comprise the collection of battery pack information, the processing of Information Monitoring, battery pack balancing is realized, being treated to by battery pack information is handled of described Information Monitoring need to obtain balanced battery unit information, described battery pack balancing is embodied as the break-make of controller control respective actuators, making needs balanced one or more continuous battery unit and constant-current source to be connected into the loop, and the battery unit of needs equilibrium is carried out energy compensating by constant-current source, described battery unit is in parallel or be in series by one or more cells, and each battery unit attribute unanimity.
The collection of described battery pack information is to gather in the series battery each battery unit information in real time or obtain by communication modes by harvester, and gives information process unit with the battery unit feedback information; The processing of described Information Monitoring is that the battery unit information that will obtain need to obtain balanced battery unit by balanced regular computing.
Preferably, described battery unit attribute comprises battery base attribute and battery strings parallel-connection structure.The battery base attribute comprises battery types, battery nominal capacity, battery nominal voltage; The battery strings parallel-connection structure comprises battery quantity in parallel and battery series connection progression.
Preferably, described actuator is electronic switch or relay.
A kind of battery pack series compensation equalizing circuit, described equalizing circuit is made up of controller, constant-current source, several main line switches and branch switch, constant-current source, main line switch and branch switch link to each other with controller respectively, switch series connection back, some main lines links to each other with constant-current source, and each main line switch ends is in parallel with battery unit by branch switch respectively.
Preferably, described main line switch and branch switch are electronic switch or relay.
Battery pack series compensation equalization methods provided by the invention and circuit can be applied to the battery pack that all kinds battery is formed, this method can be carried out the equilibrium of series compensation formula by battery unit on the low side to voltage or that capacity is less than normal, it is a kind of battery pack balancing method with low cost, harmless, active, equalizing circuit is simple simultaneously, is easy to expansion.The method realizes the equilibrium of battery cell voltage, capacity according to the formulation of different balanced rules, can carry out equilibrium simultaneously to any one or continuous a plurality of battery units in the battery pack, the super-charge super-discharge phenomenon that can effectively suppress battery unit in the series battery, in the shortest time, improve the consistency of battery unit, prolonged the useful life of battery pack.This method has the efficient height, uses characteristics such as wide, that flexibility is big, with low cost, satisfied the needs to the high high voltage large capcity system of reliability requirement such as electric automobile simultaneously, overcome the deficiency of existing equalization methods.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit connection diagram of shunt resistance equalization in parallel in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a circuit connection diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the circuit connection diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the working state figure of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 2-4, the battery pack that present embodiment adopts 6 joint ferric phosphate lithium cells to form, battery unit is an example with a cell.Circuit of the present invention is used to realize the series compensation formula equilibrium of battery pack, the circuit of present embodiment comprises controller, constant-current source, several main line switches and branch switch composition, constant-current source, main line switch and branch switch link to each other with controller respectively, switch series connection back, some main lines links to each other with constant-current source, and each main line switch ends is in parallel with battery unit by branch switch respectively.Described branch switch is K11, K21, K31, K41, K51, K61 and K7, the main line switch is K12, K22, K32, K42, K52 and K62, link to each other with the two ends of constant-current source respectively after main line K switch 12, K22, K32, K42, K52 and the K62 series connection, wherein an end of main line K switch 12 links to each other with first terminals of constant-current source, and an end of main line K switch 62 links to each other with second terminals of constant-current source; The two ends of main line K switch 12 are in parallel with battery Cell1 by branch switch K11 and K21 respectively; The two ends of main line K switch 22 are in parallel with battery Cell2 by branch switch K21 and K31 respectively; The two ends of main line K switch 32 are in parallel with battery Cell3 by branch switch K31 and K41 respectively; The two ends of main line K switch 42 are in parallel with battery Cell4 by branch switch K41 and K51 respectively; The two ends of main line K switch 52 are in parallel with battery Cell5 by branch switch K51 and K61 respectively; The two ends of main line K switch 62 are in parallel with battery Cell6 by branch switch K61 and K7 respectively.
Described controller comprises battery status acquisition function unit, balanced regular calculation function unit and control signal output function unit.Described control signal output function unit comprises switch controlling signal output unit and constant-current source control signal output unit.
The present invention is applied to battery pack series compensation formula equalization methods, adopt the current capability value of current magnitude of voltage of single battery or single battery as battery status information, mean value with the current voltage of each single battery of battery pack is standard voltage value, and the mean value of the current capacity of each single battery of battery pack is the volumetric(al) standards value.When taking capability value balanced, threshold value is 10%; When taking magnitude of voltage balanced, average voltage level is at [0V, 3V) threshold value in the scope is 0.2V, average voltage level is at [3.0V, 3.2V) threshold value in the scope is 0.05V, average voltage level [3.2V, 3.3V) threshold value in the scope is 0.01V, the threshold value of average voltage level in [3.3V, 3.7V] scope is 0.03V.When the current voltage of battery when standard value and difference are greater than threshold value separately, carry out balanced battery from several batteries of wherein searching minimum voltage battery or minimum voltage battery and being attached thereto as needs simultaneously, be judged as and need equilibrium this moment, otherwise do not need equilibrium.
Present embodiment with the current magnitude of voltage of single battery as battery information, with the average voltage level of battery pack as standard value, with a certain moment in the batteries charging process be benchmark, this equalization methods comprises collection, the processing of Information Monitoring, three steps of battery pack balancing realization of battery pack information, and is specific as follows:
The collection of battery pack information is to gather single battery magnitude of voltage in the series battery by harvester in real time with certain frequency, and each magnitude of voltage sees Table 1, and these data are fed back to information processor.
| Battery number | Magnitude of voltage (V) | Battery number | Magnitude of voltage (V) | Battery number | Magnitude of voltage (V) |
| 1 | 3.235 | 2 | 3.241 | 3 | 3.228 |
| 4 | 3.210 | 5 | 3.213 | 6 | 3.237 |
Table 1
The processing of Information Monitoring is that above-mentioned data are carried out balanced regular computing, the balanced rule that present embodiment adopts is: standard voltage value is got the average voltage of battery pack, be that average voltage level is 3.227V, at [3.2V, 3.3V) threshold value in the scope is 0.01V, be that the monomer battery voltage value need be carried out equilibrium less than 3.217V, thereby obtain the 4th batteries and the 5th batteries and need carry out equilibrium, and the 4th batteries is the minimum voltage battery, the 5th batteries links to each other in proper order with the 4th batteries, therefore is judged as the 4th batteries and the 5th batteries balanced simultaneously.
After controller obtains balancing operational output result, export the break-make of corresponding switch controlling signal control main line switch and branch switch, making needs balanced battery and constant-current source to form series loop, by controller control constant-current source battery is compensated equilibrium.By above-mentioned data as can be known the 4th, 5 joint cells need carry out equilibrium, controller control this moment constant-current source is closed, controller is exported the break-make control signal of each switch, as shown in table 2, each switch is carried out corresponding actions according to the control signal that controller sends, after switch motion is finished, controller control constant-current source is opened, and carries out charge balancing.Current in addition balancing operational output result is when last time consistent, and controller will be left intact; When balancing operational is exported the result and last time inconsistent and cell number need be balanced was non-vanishing, controller control constant-current source earlier cuts out, so close other all switches, controller is exported the break-make control signal of each switch again, each switch is carried out corresponding actions according to the control signal that controller sends, after switch motion was finished, controller control constant-current source was opened, and carries out charge balancing once more; All switches do not disconnect when balancing operational output result does not need equilibrium for all batteries.
Table 2
In sum, the present invention has adopted a kind of brand-new balanced way, and the break-make by the control actuator realizes in the battery pack that any one or continuous a plurality of battery units carry out equilibrium simultaneously, improve the consistency of each battery unit in the battery pack fast and effectively.
Claims (5)
1. battery pack series compensation equalization methods, comprise the collection of battery pack information, the processing of Information Monitoring, battery pack balancing is realized, being treated to by battery pack information is handled of described Information Monitoring need to obtain balanced battery unit information, it is characterized in that, described battery pack balancing is embodied as the break-make of controller control respective actuators, making needs balanced one or more continuous battery unit and constant-current source to be connected into the loop, and the battery unit of needs equilibrium is carried out energy compensating by constant-current source, described battery unit is in parallel or be in series by one or more cells, and each battery unit attribute unanimity.
2. a kind of battery pack series compensation equalization methods according to claim 1 is characterized in that described battery unit attribute comprises battery base attribute and battery strings parallel-connection structure.
3. a kind of battery pack series compensation equalization methods according to claim 1 is characterized in that described actuator is electronic switch or relay.
4. battery pack series compensation equalizing circuit, it is characterized in that, described equalizing circuit is made up of controller, constant-current source, several main line switches and branch switch, constant-current source, main line switch and branch switch link to each other with controller respectively, switch series connection back, some main lines links to each other with constant-current source, and each main line switch ends is in parallel with battery unit by branch switch respectively.
5. a kind of battery pack series compensation equalizing circuit according to claim 4 is characterized in that described main line switch and branch switch are electronic switch or relay.
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| CN201110052436.1A CN102148408B (en) | 2011-03-04 | 2011-03-04 | Method and circuit for cascade compensation balancing of battery pack |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102638081A (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2012-08-15 | 天津凌可机电设计有限公司 | Smart matrix battery charging-discharging managing system and managing method |
| CN103036290A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2013-04-10 | 中国石油大学(华东) | 24 voltage (V) charger and charging method for lithium iron phosphate battery |
| CN104237795A (en) * | 2013-06-11 | 2014-12-24 | 福特全球技术公司 | Detection of Imbalance Across Multiple Battery Cells Measured by the Same Voltage Sensor |
| CN104617621A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-05-13 | 杭州高特电子设备有限公司 | Improved battery pack maintaining method |
| CN106356908A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2017-01-25 | 联创汽车电子有限公司 | Power battery pack, control system with same and control method |
| CN106602664A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-04-26 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Battery pack with dynamically-adjustable connection topology and implementation method thereof |
| CN106786926A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 深圳市沃特玛电池有限公司 | A kind of adjustable charge-discharge system of battery unit total voltage |
| CN107623343A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2018-01-23 | 重庆无线绿洲通信技术有限公司 | The active equalization method and device of a kind of lithium ion battery |
| CN108400277A (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2018-08-14 | Sk新技术株式会社 | Battery pack and the busbar open circuit detection method for using the battery pack |
| CN108550926A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-09-18 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | battery system and electric vehicle |
| CN108832646A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-11-16 | 国网山东省电力公司 | A kind of management system and its method suitable for dynamically reconfigurable battery energy storage system |
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102638081B (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2014-05-07 | 天津凌可机电设计有限公司 | Smart matrix battery charging-discharging managing system and managing method |
| CN102638081A (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2012-08-15 | 天津凌可机电设计有限公司 | Smart matrix battery charging-discharging managing system and managing method |
| CN103036290A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2013-04-10 | 中国石油大学(华东) | 24 voltage (V) charger and charging method for lithium iron phosphate battery |
| CN103036290B (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2015-06-10 | 中国石油大学(华东) | 24 voltage (V) charger and charging method for lithium iron phosphate battery |
| CN104237795A (en) * | 2013-06-11 | 2014-12-24 | 福特全球技术公司 | Detection of Imbalance Across Multiple Battery Cells Measured by the Same Voltage Sensor |
| CN104237795B (en) * | 2013-06-11 | 2019-10-22 | 福特全球技术公司 | The unbalance detection of multiple battery units is measured by identical voltage sensor |
| CN104617621A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-05-13 | 杭州高特电子设备有限公司 | Improved battery pack maintaining method |
| CN106356908B (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2019-08-13 | 联创汽车电子有限公司 | The control system and control method of power battery pack and its composition |
| CN106356908A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2017-01-25 | 联创汽车电子有限公司 | Power battery pack, control system with same and control method |
| CN107623343A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2018-01-23 | 重庆无线绿洲通信技术有限公司 | The active equalization method and device of a kind of lithium ion battery |
| CN106786926A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 深圳市沃特玛电池有限公司 | A kind of adjustable charge-discharge system of battery unit total voltage |
| CN106602664A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-04-26 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Battery pack with dynamically-adjustable connection topology and implementation method thereof |
| CN106602664B (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2024-03-22 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Battery pack with dynamically adjustable connection topology and implementation method thereof |
| CN108400277A (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2018-08-14 | Sk新技术株式会社 | Battery pack and the busbar open circuit detection method for using the battery pack |
| CN108400277B (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2022-06-03 | Sk新技术株式会社 | Battery pack and bus bar open circuit detection method using same |
| CN108550926A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-09-18 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | battery system and electric vehicle |
| CN108832646A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-11-16 | 国网山东省电力公司 | A kind of management system and its method suitable for dynamically reconfigurable battery energy storage system |
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| CN102148408B (en) | 2014-04-16 |
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Address after: Xihu District Yi Lok Road Hangzhou city Zhejiang province 310012 No. 223 Yinjiang Technology Industrial Park B building 6 floor Patentee after: Hangzhou high special electronic equipment Limited by Share Ltd Address before: Xihu District Yi Lok Road Hangzhou city Zhejiang province 310012 No. 223 Yinjiang Technology Industrial Park B building 6 floor Patentee before: Gaote Electronic Apparatus Co., Ltd., Hangzhou |