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CN102147479B - Modelling method of reservoir space physical property parameters - Google Patents

Modelling method of reservoir space physical property parameters Download PDF

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CN102147479B
CN102147479B CN 201110004610 CN201110004610A CN102147479B CN 102147479 B CN102147479 B CN 102147479B CN 201110004610 CN201110004610 CN 201110004610 CN 201110004610 A CN201110004610 A CN 201110004610A CN 102147479 B CN102147479 B CN 102147479B
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phase
mutually
reservoir space
physical property
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CN102147479A (en
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李绪宣
胡光义
范廷恩
黄旭日
高云峰
王光海
周单
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China National Offshore Oil Corp CNOOC
CNOOC Research Institute Co Ltd
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BEIJING XURIAOYOU ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
China National Offshore Oil Corp CNOOC
CNOOC Research Center
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Abstract

The invention relates to a modelling method of reservoir space physical property parameters, comprising the steps of: 1) digitalizing a deposition phase diagram of a reservoir space to be simulated, and performing integer coding identification, so as to obtain the coordinates of each grid node and the deposition phase identification parameter corresponding to the coordinates; 2) analyzing the correlation between the physical property parameters of the reservoir space to be simulated and the seismic data acting as the constraint data, and regarding the seismic data having the closest correlation with the physical property parameters as 'a second variable' for simulation; 3) performing variation function analysis of the known data by regarding the deposition phase identified in the step 1) and the seismic attributes on the reservoir space obtained in the step 2) as the constraints; 4) performing two-dimensional physical property modelling by regarding the deposition phase identified in the step 1) and the spatial seismic attributes as the constraints; and 5) building a three-dimensional model of the reservoir space physical property parameters according to various two-dimensional physical property models obtained in the step 4).

Description

A kind of modeling method of reservoir space physical parameter
Technical field
The invention belongs to the geostatistics modeling field of petroleum exploration and development, it particularly carries out the reservoir space physical parameter modeling method of (comprising factor of porosity, permeability, shale index etc.) about several data such as a kind of comprehensive earthquake that utilizes sedimentary facies constraint, well loggings.
Background technology
At present, no matter be external or domestic, utilizing geological data and sedimentary facies to carry out constraint modeling is the main flow direction of studying at present.Utilize the sedimentary facies constraint to carry out modeling and be also referred to as " two-step approach modeling ".The first step refers to, with the discrete variable modeling method the caused non-average on a large scale of different sedimentary facies is carried out modeling, i.e. " phase modeling "; Second step refers to, on the basis of first step analog result, namely under the control of different sedimentary facies, utilizes suitable geostatistics algorithm that various physical parameters are carried out modeling, i.e. " phased modeling ".
Particularly, conventional way is at first to adopt the stochastic simulation of based target in the geostatistics, perhaps adopts the Multiple-Point Geostatistics method to generate phase model (or " training image "), then carries out the physical property simulation.The method of based target is used for the space distribution of expression geologic feature, and research object often is presumed to simple shape, and such as square or spheroid, its position is at random in reservoir, distributes to simulate the geology variability by studying its shape and direction.And Multiple-Point Geostatistics is used the spatial structure that its " training image " replaces variogram expression Geological Variable, but the stationarity problem of " training image " is difficult to solve, when comprehensive earthquake information is studied, often earthquake information is made an explanation, be converted into a kind of training image, and then adopt the method for stochastic simulation to generate a plurality of realizations.Because the modeling method of the discrete variable in the stochastic modeling that the process of phase model or generation " training image " of setting up belongs to geostatistics, it is exactly to adopt the given data in the full work area to participate in analog computation that these two kinds of methods have individual common ground, thereby can not be to the single fine description that carries out mutually, so just can not give prominence to the data distribution characteristics of single phase, and can generate a plurality of realizations and select for researchists, therefore the physical property model that generates on this basis exists uncertainty and multi-solution, and artificial interpretive analysis is based on the realization that algorithm generates, follow-up, therefore can not guarantee accuracy, will continue this uncertainty with this physical property simulation as the second step on basis again, thereby so that simulate effect is not good.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of can be to the single fine description that carries out mutually, the modeling method of the reservoir space physical parameter that accuracy is high, simulate effect is good.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of modeling method of reservoir space physical parameter, it may further comprise the steps: 1) with the deposition digitization of phase diagram of the reservoir space that will simulate, carry out the integer coding sign, obtain the coordinate of each grid node and the sedimentary facies identification parameter corresponding with it; 2) analyze the physical parameter of the reservoir space that will simulate and as the correlativity between the geological data of bound data, " the second variable " that will simulate with the most closely geological data conduct of physical parameter correlativity; 3) with step 1) in the sedimentary facies of sign, and step 2) in seismic properties on the reservoir space that obtains as constraint, carry out the variogram analysis of given data; 4) with step 1) sign sedimentary facies and the seismic properties on the space as constraint, carry out two-dimentional physical property modeling; 5) according to step 4) in each two-dimentional physical property model of obtaining, set up the three-dimensional model of reservoir space physical parameter.
Described step 3) specific implementation process is: when 1. analyzing the variogram of a certain phase, with digitized sedimentary facies data, log data and geological data as the input data; 2. first grid node the deposition phasor after the digitizing in work area begins to scan one by one, and sign is had the coordinate of this phase, and the log data value and the geological data value record that project to behind the grid node get off; 3. log data, the variogram of geological data and their cross-variogram of this phase of 2. recording of analytical procedure, namely obtain the data space distribution characteristics function of this phase, when the space variogram is unstable, utilize the spatial similarity of seismic properties, directly calculate the well weighting coefficient λ of simulation i:
λ i = c i Σ j = 1 j = n c j
Wherein, c iThe difference value inverse or the likeness coefficient that represent i mouth well and estimation point seismic properties, i represent i mouth well, i=1, and 2,3,, n; c jThe difference value inverse or the likeness coefficient that represent j mouth well and estimation point seismic properties, j represent j mouth well, j=1, and 2,3,, n; 4. went to for the 2. step, by that analogy circulation is until all analyze the data of all phases complete.
Described step 4) specific implementation process is: 1. with digitized sedimentary facies data, geological data, log data as the input data, these three groups of data are begun scanning from first grid node, the geological data that obtains each node and log data be in respectively which mutually in; 2. to a certain when carrying out modeling mutually, begin scanning from first grid node in full work area, there is the coordinate of this phase all to record sign, record simultaneously geological data and the log data of this phase; 3. first grid node from this phase of recording begins to calculate, the data of participate in calculating are these geological data and log datas in mutually, until this grid node in mutually calculates complete with last, when the space variogram is unstable, utilize the spatial similarity of seismic properties, namely difference value is directly calculated the well weighting coefficient of simulation; 4. went to for the 2. step, carry out the calculating of next phase, and circulate with this, until all calculate all sedimentary facies complete.
Described step 5) concrete modeling method is: 1. deeply concern when setting up that according to earthquake-well logging demarcation utilize layer position, fault information in Depth Domain, figure sets up grid according to sedimentation model, the formation model screen work; If non-mode figure then control as screen work with layer position; 2. model meshes is transformed into time domain, sedimentation model figure or the phasor good according to digitizing determine that the grid of each sedimentary micro distributes, and obtain this seismic properties and log data in mutually, ask for this mutually in each well to the weighting coefficient of the simulation points analogue value, thereby the physical parameter in the simulation mutually; 3. utilize each corresponding grid, carry out two-dimensional analog by the top by grid, each clathrum adopts the mutually constraint of its correspondence; 4. by determine in the well the time deeply concern, forward Depth Domain to by time domain, set up 3 D Oil Reservoir Model.
The present invention is owing to take above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1, the deposition phasor studied of the present invention is the phase distribution plan of determining that is provided by the researchist, rather than a plurality of realizations that drawn by modeling algorithm, therefore, can reduce the uncertainty of the deposition phasor that modeling algorithm draws.2, the achievement that is provided by the explanation personnel is provided in the present invention, can determine that on the one hand the phase body of target area distributes, the manpower and the resource that consume in the time of can reducing on the other hand the deposition phasor that draws at the screening modeling algorithm.3, the present invention is after adopting mutually constraint, and the sharpness of border of each phase as constraint, is calculating a certain phase time with this border, filters out these well point data in mutually and participates in calculating, and other well point data just do not participate in having calculated.So both followed explanation personnel's achievement in research, increased determinacy, guaranteed again that the sampling point data that participate in calculating can only comprise the information of this phase, had increased accuracy.4, distribute mutually direct control and participate in physical property simulation well or condition data of utilization of the present invention, thus so that physical property distributes and distribute mutually and have consistance highly.5, the present invention utilizes the weighting coefficient of the direct computer memory simulation of the spatial similarity of seismic properties, can be so that the space distribution of analog result and seismic properties be consistent, thereby so that final model can be consistent with data as much as possible.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in detail.
The present invention is based on following thought: adopt the deposition phasor of geological research and seismic properties to distribute, and the physical property simulation is carried out in phase-splitting on this basis, namely adopt the participating space physical property simulation that distributes mutually, so that analog parameter distribution spatially is with distribution is consistent mutually, so not only can guarantee the accuracy of single phase, and also can follow on the whole the researchist to the understanding of geologic feature.
The inventive method may further comprise the steps:
The deposition phasor of the reservoir space that will simulate of 1) researchist in the work area being explained carries out digitizing, and the deposition phasor after the digitizing is carried out integer coding, so that sign; For example identifying the river course is integer 1, valley flat is integer 2, by that analogy, in order to obtain the modeling desired parameters, namely obtain the coordinate of a certain grid node in the deposition phasor after the digitizing, and the sedimentary facies identification parameter corresponding with this mesh point coordinate, as " the first variable ", so just can identify a certain grid node and belong to any sedimentary facies;
2) analyze the physical parameter of the reservoir space that will simulate and as the correlativity between the geological data of bound data, namely physical parameter and the geological data (seismic properties) by well logging carries out correlation analysis, will with the physical parameter correlativity the most closely geological data as " second variable " of simulating; Wherein, geological data is for adopting conventional method to collect;
3) with step 1) in the sign sedimentary facies and step 2) in reservoir space on seismic properties as constraint, carry out the variogram analysis of given data, concrete implementation procedure is:
When 1. analyzing the variogram of a certain phase, with digitized sedimentary facies data, the log data that collects and geological data as the input data;
2. first grid node the deposition phasor after the digitizing in work area begins to scan one by one, and sign is had the coordinate of this phase, and the log data value and the geological data value record that project to behind the grid node get off;
3. log data, the variogram of geological data and their cross-variogram of this phase of 2. recording of analytical procedure can obtain the data space distribution characteristics function of this phase, are used for the virtual space data; When the space variogram is unstable, can utilize the spatial similarity of seismic properties, directly calculate the well weighting coefficient λ of simulation such as difference value i, a conditioned disjunction constraint function of computer memory parameter is used for the virtual space data.Wherein:
λ i = c i Σ j = 1 j = n c j
In the formula, c iThe difference value inverse or the likeness coefficient that represent i mouth well and estimation point seismic properties, i represent i mouth well, i=1, and 2,3,, n; c jThe difference value inverse or the likeness coefficient that represent j mouth well and estimation point seismic properties, j represent j mouth well, j=1, and 2,3,, n.
4. went to for the 2. step, by that analogy circulation is until all analyze the data of all phases complete;
4) with step 1) sedimentary facies of sign, step 2) in seismic properties on the space that obtains, and step 3) in variogram or the likeness coefficient of seismic properties, as constraint, carry out two-dimentional physical property modeling, concrete implementation procedure is:
1. with digitized sedimentary facies data, geological data, log data as the input data, these three groups of data are begun scanning from first grid node, the geological data that obtains each node and log data be in respectively which mutually in;
2. to a certain when carrying out modeling mutually, begin scanning from first grid node in full work area, there is the coordinate of this phase all to record sign, record simultaneously geological data and the log data of this phase, so just do not comprised the data of other phases;
3. first grid node from this phase of recording begins to calculate, the data of participate in calculating are these geological data and log datas in mutually, until calculate last grid node in mutually complete, when the space variogram is unstable, can utilize the spatial similarity of seismic properties, directly calculate the well weighting coefficient of simulation such as difference value;
4. went to for the 2. step, carry out the calculating of next phase, and according to this circulation, until all calculate all sedimentary facies complete;
5) set up the three-dimensional model of reservoir space physical parameter, the method for employing is:
1. demarcate according to earthquake-well logging and concern deeply when setting up that utilize layer position, fault information in Depth Domain, figure sets up grid according to sedimentation model, the formation model screen work; If non-mode figure then control as screen work with layer position;
2. model meshes is transformed into time domain, sedimentation model figure or the phasor good according to digitizing determine that the grid of each sedimentary micro distributes, and obtain this seismic properties and log data in mutually, ask for this mutually in each well to the weighting coefficient of the simulation points analogue value, thereby the physical parameter in the simulation mutually;
3. utilize each corresponding grid (corresponding a plurality of grids of possibility), carry out two-dimensional analog by the top by grid, each clathrum adopts the mutually constraint of its correspondence;
4. by determine in the well the time deeply concern, forward Depth Domain to by time domain, set up 3 D Oil Reservoir Model.
The various embodiments described above only are used for explanation the present invention, and every equivalents and improvement of carrying out on the basis of technical solution of the present invention all should do not got rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. the modeling method of a reservoir space physical parameter, it may further comprise the steps:
1) with the deposition digitization of phase diagram of the reservoir space that will simulate, carry out the integer coding sign, obtain the coordinate of each grid node and the sedimentary facies identification parameter corresponding with it;
2) analyze the physical parameter of the reservoir space that will simulate and as the correlativity between the geological data of bound data, " the second variable " that will simulate with the most closely geological data conduct of physical parameter correlativity;
3) with step 1) in the sedimentary facies of sign, and step 2) in seismic properties on the reservoir space that obtains as constraint, carry out the variogram analysis of given data, the specific implementation process is:
When 1. analyzing the variogram of a certain phase, with digitized sedimentary facies data, log data and geological data as the input data;
2. first grid node the deposition phasor after the digitizing in work area begins to scan one by one, and sign is had the coordinate of this phase, and the log data value and the geological data value record that project to behind the grid node get off;
3. log data, the variogram of geological data and their cross-variogram of this phase of 2. recording of analytical procedure, namely obtain the data space distribution characteristics function of this phase, when the space variogram is unstable, utilize the spatial similarity of seismic properties, directly calculate the well weighting coefficient λ of simulation i:
λ i = c i Σ j = 1 j = n c j
Wherein, c iThe difference value inverse or the likeness coefficient that represent i mouth well and estimation point seismic properties, i represent i mouth well, i=1, and 2,3 ..., n; c jThe difference value inverse or the likeness coefficient that represent j mouth well and estimation point seismic properties, j represent j mouth well, j=1, and 2,3 ..., n;
4. went to for the 2. step, by that analogy circulation is until all analyze the data of all phases complete;
4) with step 1) sign sedimentary facies and the seismic properties on the space as constraint, carry out two-dimentional physical property modeling, the specific implementation process is:
1. with digitized sedimentary facies data, geological data, log data as the input data, these three groups of data are begun scanning from first grid node, the geological data that obtains each node and log data be in respectively which mutually in;
2. to a certain when carrying out modeling mutually, begin scanning from first grid node in full work area, there is the coordinate of this phase all to record sign, record simultaneously geological data and the log data of this phase;
3. first grid node from this phase of recording begins to calculate, the data of participate in calculating are these geological data and log datas in mutually, until this grid node in mutually calculates complete with last, when the space variogram is unstable, utilize the spatial similarity of seismic properties, namely difference value is directly calculated the well weighting coefficient of simulation;
4. went to for the 2. step, carry out the calculating of next phase, and circulate with this, until all calculate all sedimentary facies complete;
5) according to step 4) in each two-dimentional physical property model of obtaining, set up the three-dimensional model of reservoir space physical parameter, concrete modeling method is:
1. demarcate according to earthquake-well logging and concern deeply when setting up that utilize layer position and fault information in Depth Domain, figure sets up grid according to sedimentation model, the formation model screen work; If non-mode figure then control as screen work with layer position;
2. model meshes is transformed into time domain, sedimentation model figure or the phasor good according to digitizing determine that the grid of each sedimentary micro distributes, and obtain this seismic properties and log data in mutually, ask for this mutually in each well to the weighting coefficient of the simulation points analogue value, thereby the physical parameter in the simulation mutually;
3. utilize each corresponding grid, carry out two-dimensional analog by the top by grid, each clathrum adopts the mutually constraint of its correspondence;
4. by determine in the well the time deeply concern, forward Depth Domain to by time domain, set up 3 D Oil Reservoir Model.
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