CN102113623B - Method for producing biological particle grain-saving straw feed - Google Patents
Method for producing biological particle grain-saving straw feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN102113623B CN102113623B CN2011100724955A CN201110072495A CN102113623B CN 102113623 B CN102113623 B CN 102113623B CN 2011100724955 A CN2011100724955 A CN 2011100724955A CN 201110072495 A CN201110072495 A CN 201110072495A CN 102113623 B CN102113623 B CN 102113623B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing a biological particle grain-saving straw feed, effectively solving the problem of grain waste in the production of a biological particle straw feed so as to meet the need of stockbreeding on feeds. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, mixing the raw materials in percentage by weight: 70-80 percent of straws, 17-27 percent of corn meal, 0.5-1 percent of ammonium bicarbonate, 0.2-0.4 percent of brown sugar, 0.5-1 percent of active biochemical bacterium and 0.4-0.6 percent of common salt; adding 45-55 percent by the raw material weight of water at 24-30 DEG C and uniformly stirring and mixing; and then, putting in a sterile workshop at 40-44 DEG C, carrying out anaerobic fermentation for 6-8 days, extruding to remove 30-40 percent of water content to form a fermented raw material and then granulating and air-drying. The method provided by the invention is simple, rich in raw materials and easy to produce, can fully utilize biological straws and save grains, has good feeding effect and remarkable economic and social benefits and therefore is a great innovation on the biological feed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to feed, particularly a kind of production method of straw biological particle joint grain fodder.
Background technology
The utilization of agricultural crop straw is a worldwide problem, particularly always; China is a large agricultural country, and the stalk problem is the problem of puzzlement agricultural production always, and China's cornstalk, paddy rice stalk, straw, rape stalk, peanut seedling, sweet potato vine etc. are annual when producing the food of ton-grain more than 500,000,000; Produce more than 700,000,000 ton of resource of stalk amount per year, wherein straw is 2.3 hundred million tons, 1.2 hundred million tons of wheat straws; 2.2 hundred million tons of corn stalk, 100,000,000 tons of peanuts, beans, Chinese sorghum, buckwheat, autumn grain crops crop material.How to be processed into big problem in the time in busy farming season, crop straw burning or straw directly returning to field often, it is economical to save trouble, but caused that level of resource utilization is low, problem such as environmental pollution, economic benefit are low.This is a huge feed, manure resources treasure-house, and the mankind fully do not develop as yet, utilize.What be used for cooking feed stripped and fertilizer at present only accounts for 15-20%, and is burnt as the energy about 80% or supply his usefulness, a considerable amount of stalks are arranged even is scrapd in the field.If can stalk through science processing, modulation, biochemical, both can be used to raise domestic animals and fowls and aquatic livestocks such as pig, ox, sheep, chicken, duck, goose, rabbit, chinese carp; Simultaneously can make fertilizer; The performance straw animal, this is one achieve many things at one stroke " green cause ".The first, raise domestic birds and animals such as cattle and sheep pig with stalk, be the important channel that solves " people and animals strive grain " and " the pig ox strives material "; The second, stalk is raised domestic birds and animals such as pig, cattle and sheep, crosses also field of abdomen, and a large amount of fertilizer raw materials can be provided, and helps improving the soil the protection agroecological environment; The 3rd, can increase domestic birds and animals meat, egg output such as ox, sheep, pig, help improving China people's carnivorous structure, be of value to healthy; The 4th, can increase farming (herding) people's income, widen peasant programme and strive for a relatively comfortable life.Also have to promote to butcher development in addition with secondary and tertiary industries such as processing industry such as leather and transportation and sales; Therefore, utilize the main roughage resource of biotechnology exploitation stalk resource as domestic animals and fowls such as ox, sheep, pig, chicken, duck, goose, fish and aquatic livestock, along with the attention of country to animal husbandry, animal husbandry will obtain significant progress.For various reasons; Feed price is expensive at present, and result of use is desirable not to the utmost, particularly; The composition that contains a certain amount of hormone, clenbuterol hydrochloride and so in chemical synthesis feed and the different formulations feed; Expensive feed is the maximum resistance of restriction animal husbandry development, and therefore, improvement on the feed and innovation are the nuisanceless animal husbandry problem demanding prompt solutions of development.
Summary of the invention
To above-mentioned situation; For overcoming the prior art defective, the present invention's purpose just provides a kind of production method of straw biological particle joint grain fodder, can effectively solve the production of straw biological pellet; Save food, to satisfy the needs problem of nuisanceless animal husbandry to feed.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves is, at first, by the weight meter: stalk 70-80%, corn flour 17-27%, carbonic hydroammonium 0.5-1%, brown sugar 0.2-0.4%, active biochemical bacteria 0.5-1% and salt 0.4-0.6% mix the raw material of forming; Add raw material weight, temperature is 24-30 ℃ water 45-55%, mixes, and inserts sterile workshop again; Temperature is 40-44 ℃, anaerobic fermentation 6-8 days, after the water content of 30-40% is sloughed in extruding; The raw material that becomes to ferment is granulated again, and is air-dry; Said active biochemical bacteria is that the content or the gastric juice of ruminant domestic animal cud expands the biochemical bacteria of growing, or has a liking for a kind of or its composition of fiber bacterium, saccharomyces cerevisiae, streptomyces rimosus; Said stalk is one or more combination of maize straw, sweet potato vine, peanut seedling, manioc waste, peanut shell, beanstalk.
The inventive method is simple, and abundant raw materials is prone to produce, and can make full use of biological straw, saves food, and is feeding effective, is that one on the biological feedstuff innovated greatly, and economic and social benefit is huge.
The specific embodiment
Elaborate below in conjunction with the embodiment specific embodiments of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The present invention can be realized by following method in practical implementation: at first, and with maize straw 75%, corn flour 22%, carbonic hydroammonium 1%, brown sugar 0.4%, the content of ruminant domestic animal cud or the active biochemical bacteria 1% and the salt 0.6% mixing constitutive material that the gastric juice expansion is grown of weight meter; Add raw material weight, temperature is 25 ℃ water 50%, mixes the fermentation tank of packing into; Seal, insert sterile workshop again, 42 ℃ of temperature; Carried out anaerobic fermentation 7 days, extruding is granulated with granulator after sloughing 35% water content; Air-dry, water content≤4%.
Embodiment 2
The present invention also can be implemented by following method: at first, with sweet potato vine 71%, corn flour 27%, carbonic hydroammonium 0.5%, the brown sugar 0.3% of weight meter, have a liking for fiber bacterium 0.7% and salt 0.5% mixes constitutive material, add raw material weight, temperature is 30 ℃ water 45%, mix; The fermentation tank of packing into seals, and inserts sterile workshop again; 40 ℃ of temperature were carried out anaerobic fermentation 8 days, after 30% water content is sloughed in extruding; Granulate with granulator, air-dry, water content≤4%.
Embodiment 3
The present invention also can be implemented by following method: at first, with peanut seedling 80%, corn flour 18%, carbonic hydroammonium 0.6%, the brown sugar 0.2% of weight meter, have a liking for fiber bacterium 0.8% and salt 0.4% mixes constitutive material, add raw material weight, temperature is 24 ℃ water 48%, mix; The fermentation tank of packing into seals, and inserts sterile workshop again; 44 ℃ of temperature were carried out anaerobic fermentation 6 days, after 40% water content is sloughed in extruding; Granulate with granulator, air-dry, water content≤4%.
Embodiment 4
The present invention also can be implemented by following method: at first, beanstalk 72%, corn flour 25.5%, carbonic hydroammonium 0.8%, brown sugar 0.2%, saccharomyces cerevisiae 0.9% and the salt 0.6% of weight meter is mixed constitutive material, add raw material weight, temperature is 28 ℃ water 55%, mix; The fermentation tank of packing into seals, and inserts sterile workshop again; 44 ℃ of temperature were carried out anaerobic fermentation 8 days, after 30% water content is sloughed in extruding; Granulate with granulator, air-dry, water content≤4%.
Embodiment 5
The present invention also can be implemented by following method: at first, manioc waste 77%, corn flour 21%, carbonic hydroammonium 0.7%, brown sugar 0.3%, active biochemical bacteria 0.5% and the salt 0.5% of weight meter is mixed constitutive material, add raw material weight, temperature is 27 ℃ water 46%, mix; The fermentation tank of packing into seals, and inserts sterile workshop again; 43 ℃ of temperature were carried out anaerobic fermentation 7 days, after 38% water content is sloughed in extruding; Granulate with granulator, air-dry, water content≤4%; Said active biochemical bacteria by have a liking for fiber bacterium, saccharomyces cerevisiae and streptomyces rimosus with etc. weight mix and form (being that three's weight ratio is 1 ︰, 1 ︰ 1).
Embodiment 6
The present invention in force, also can be realized by following method: with the raw material that ferments is base-material, then by weight; With the raw material that ferments 75%, wheat bran 14%, fish meal 3%, dregs of beans 8%, send in the agitator and stir, by the comminutor granulation; Air-dry, water content≤4%, packing.
It is to be noted that the raw material that the present invention can also ferment in force is a base-material, then as required; Suitably add other auxiliary material and trace element, therefore, allly take equivalent replacement means to do; Identical with the present invention in essence technical scheme all belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
The content of above-mentioned alleged ruminant domestic animal cud or gastric juice expand the active biochemical bacteria of growing, at first from healthy ruminant domestic animal (like ox, sheep, the horse etc.) stomach of slaughtering, directly obtains, or sucking-off in the healthy ruminant domestic animal cud; Carry out the biochemical expansion of one-level bacterium earlier and cultivate, carry out secondary biochemical and bacterial classification subculture again, method is; In the seed cylinder, putting into temperature is 45 ℃, it is subsequent use that volume is that former bacterium water that the water of 6 times of amounts of rumen fluid is processed 7 times of amounts of the former bacterium of rumen fluid mixes liquid, and again will be by mix liquid weight in former bacterium water: powder of straw 2%, corn flour or hay powder 0.5%, salt 0.1% and carbonic hydroammonium 0.6%-0.8% mixing and stirring be processed culture medium; At pH value is 7.2 ± 0.2; When temperature is 42 ℃ ± 2 ℃, Manufactured former bacterium water is mixed liquid be seeded in the culture medium, seal, add a cover with Polypropylence Sheet immediately; Cause anaerobic environment; Seal after 2-3 days, the filter paper disintegration, and then carry out secondary biochemical and bacterial classification subculture; Secondary biochemical and bacterial classification subculture method are; Expand water that the cultured bacterium liquid of bacterium adds 3 times of amounts of its volume and process secondary and expand bacterium liquid (be bacterium liquid behind the one-level biochemistry add water enlarge 4 times and become secondarys to expand the bacterium liquid) one-level is biochemical; Inoculating at PH is 7.2 ± 0.2, and temperature is in 42 ℃ ± 2 ℃ the culture medium, and culture medium is by expand bacterium liquid weight in secondary: powder of straw 2%, fine fodder corn flour or high-quality hay powder 0.5%, salt 0.1% and carbonic hydroammonium 0.6-0.8% mixing and stirring are processed; After the inoculation; Seal with Polypropylence Sheet immediately, add a cover, cause anaerobic environment.Seal after 2-3 days; Filter paper disintegration, fiber resolution ratio are 1.5-3%, and its protein increases by 50% approximately; Promptly can be required active biochemical bacteria (liquid). the general sustainable 2-3 of bacterial classification subculture month (refrigeration is deposited). the fiber resolution ratio of high quality seed (bacterium) liquid is generally 15%-30%; Do not reach this two indexs if true protein increases by 50%. approximately, and the biochemical ability drop of seed (bacterium) liquid, filter paper can not disintegration in 2-3 days; The then production of hybrid seeds again. if necessary, can also carry out multistage expansion bacterium such as three grades, level Four.
Saidly have a liking for fiber bacterium, saccharomyces cerevisiae, streptomyces rimosus,, normally expand respectively and grow cultivation having a liking for fiber bacterium, saccharomyces cerevisiae and streptomyces rimosus in order to guarantee consumption and minimizing expense; Its method is, at first does female the kind respectively with three kinds of bacterium, three kinds of female bacterial classifications expanded respectively grow cultivation; Step is, carries out the routine sterilization to having a liking for the fiber bacterium culture medium, will have a liking for fiber starter kind again and insert and be equipped with in the cultivation test tube of having a liking for the fiber bacterium culture medium; The bacterial classification addition is 1 ︰ 100 by bacterial classification to the culture medium weight ratio; Having a liking for the every 1000g of fiber bacterium culture medium (solid) is that water is formed by beef extract 4-15g, peptone 15-20g, soluble starch 1-3g, salt 6-8g, agar 18-20g and surplus, after having a liking for fiber starter kind and implanting culture medium, is to cultivate 84 hours for 7.3 times at 26 ℃ of constant temperature, pH value; Breed into the test tube kind; Insert again and carry out anaerobic fermentation in cultivating jar, for use at 18-30 ℃ of following anaerobic fermentation 200 hours (about 8.5 days, i.e. 9 daytimes of 8 nights); The brewer's yeast bacterium culture medium is carried out the routine sterilization; By weight saccharomyces cerevisiae is that the ratio of 1:100 is implanted saccharomyces cerevisiae than brewer's yeast bacterium culture medium after the sterilization; Under 26 ℃ of constant temperature, shaking bottle cultivated 84 hours; Numerous saccharomyces cerevisiae test tube kind that expands into, said brewer's yeast bacterium culture medium transfer to 1000ml by glucose 25-35g, dusty yeast 15-25g with fermented bean drink to be formed, the saccharomyces cerevisiae test tube kind that expands numerous one-tenth insert again training grow jar in 18-30 ℃ of following anaerobic fermentation 200 hours; Become and expand the saccharomyces cerevisiae of growing, subsequent use; The streptomyces rimosus culture medium is carried out 120 ℃ of high pressure moist heat sterilizations, and the training of the more female kind of streptomyces rimosus being inserted the streptomyces rimosus culture medium that the bacterium of going out is housed is grown in the jar, and the female kind of streptomyces rimosus addition is 1/100 of a culture medium weight; Be that weight ratio is 1:100, pH value is 7.3, and constant temperature was cultivated 84 hours down for 26 ℃; Breed into the test tube kind, said streptomyces rimosus culture medium is that the culture medium of every 1000ml (liquid) is by soluble starch 15-25g, potassium nitrate 0.5-1.5g, salt (sodium chloride) 0.4-0.8g, K2HPO43H2O (dipotassium hydrogen phosphate) 0.4-0.8g, MgSO47H2O (magnesium sulfate is commonly called as Epsom salts) 0.4-0.8g, FeSO47H2O (ferrous sulfate; Being commonly called as green vitriol) 0.005-0.02g, agar 15-25g and surplus be that water is processed, pH value is 7.2-7.4, during preparation; Elder generation, pours in the water that boils soluble starch furnishing pasty state with cold water again, on fire, heats; Add other compositions while stirring, fully after the dissolving evenly, supply moisture to 1000ml; The test tube kind streptomyces rimosus of breeding is inserted training again and is grown in the jar; Under 18-30 ℃ temperature, carried out anaerobic fermentation 200 hours (about 8.5 days, both 9 daytimes of 8 nights); The streptomyces rimosus that expansion is grown is grown in training, and is subsequent use; Three kinds behind anaerobic fermentation, expand grow have a liking for the fiber bacterium, saccharomyces cerevisiae and streptomyces rimosus are mixed with weight 1 ︰ 1 ︰ 1 ratio and form Mixed Microbes together, insert in the culture tank again; Adding wheat bran or rice bran expand numerous, under 15-30 ℃, carry out solid and expand numerous 240-300 hour, and the weight ratio of wheat bran or rice bran and Mixed Microbes is 100 ︰ 1; Solid expands to be put into training again after numerous and grows jar, 25 ℃ of constant temperature bottom fermentations 200 hours, (times in promptly about 9 daytimes of 8 nights); Become bacterium powder, water content 2.5-4% behind the drying and dehydrating.
It is active biochemical bacteria and multipurpose compound fungus preparation method prepared in 200610107370.0,200710054677.3 that the said active biochemical bacteria of the present invention can also directly adopt number of patent application.
From the above; The present invention uses modern physics, chemistry, biotechnology that stalk is handled; Through being decomposed into carbohydrate, lipid and lactic acid, make the lignin in the stalk, cellulose crop material become the acid, perfume (or spice) of livestock and poultry happiness food, the feed of sweet, salty shortcake through scientific formula, stalk is turned waste into wealth; So the present invention adopts crushed stalk, corn flour, brown sugar, salt, add active biochemical bacteria by proportioning and ferment.Add wheat bran skin, dregs of beans, fish meal more by a certain percentage and be mixed and make raw material, be made as finished granule through granulator.Production method of the present invention is simple, is widely used, and stalk, leaf, weeds etc. all can be used abundant raw materials; The biological feedstuff quality is good, and the livestock and poultry happiness is edible, and it is applied its production method technology of straw biological particle joint grain fodder and produces the stalk resource utilization, promotes through demonstration; Promote local development live pig, beef cattle cleaning to culture, both realized the comprehensive utilization of regional straw feed, can improve farmers' income again; Prolong the enterprise production chain, change China's tradition extensive economy, benefit the nation and the people.
The present invention is through test and in reality, use, and has all obtained satisfied effect, and is very welcome, not only solved the production with feed that makes full use of of stalk; Creationary new world of opening up feed, and feeding effect is very outstanding, particularly; Feed by fermentation has good sweet taste and wine flavour, can strengthen appetite of livestock and poultry; Contain abundant mycoprotein, have the stomach of change effect, promote digestive function.Enzyme and organic acid that fermentation is decomposed have a large amount of mycoproteins and can promote digesting and assimilating of various nutrition, and the albumen conversion ratio is high.Promote growth, improve meat.In metabolism, can produce the factor of multiple stimulation animal growth, can promote the metabolism of fat, can prevent again to improve lean meat percentage owing to the phenomenon that meat descends takes place hyperliposis.Raise pigs to such an extent that material meat input-output ratio is about 3:1 or 4:1, the pig body weight increases day by day more than the 0.6kg, about beef cattle daily gain 1kg, and sheep daily gain 0.25kg.Be used to raise chickens and can prolong laying period, improve laying rate about 10%, broken rate of eggshell drops to 0.5%, and soft egg reduces to 2%.Can improve the rate of giving milk 17% through test milk cow (moon), the 2-3.5kg of giving milk on average increases day by day.Improve the disease resistance of livestock and poultry, do not re-use western countries' forbidding antibiotic and hormone, practice thrift expenses for medicine, reduce investment more than 50%, only carry out necessary epidemic preventing working and get final product.And reduce the ight soil stench, improve breeding environment.The feces of livestock and poultry quality is good, and being used to plant is good fertilizer raw material, and feed cost reduces more than 20%, and economic and social benefit is huge, is that one on the animal feeding-stuff innovated greatly.
Claims (7)
1. the production method of a straw biological particle joint grain fodder is characterized in that, at first; By the weight meter: stalk 70-80%, corn flour 17-27%, carbonic hydroammonium 0.5-1%, brown sugar 0.2-0.4%, active biochemical bacteria 0.5-1% and salt 0.4-0.6% mix the raw material of forming, adding raw material weight 45-55%, temperature is 24-30 ℃ water, mix; Insert sterile workshop again, temperature is 40-44 ℃, anaerobic fermentation 6-8 days; After the water content of 30-40% is sloughed in extruding; Become the raw material that ferments, granulate again, air-dry; Said active biochemical bacteria is that the gastric juice of ruminant domestic animal cud expands the biochemical bacteria of growing, or has a liking for a kind of or its composition of fiber bacterium, saccharomyces cerevisiae, streptomyces rimosus; Said stalk is one or more combination of maize straw, sweet potato vine, peanut seedling, manioc waste, peanut shell, beanstalk.
2. the production method of straw biological particle joint grain fodder according to claim 1 is characterized in that, at first; The gastric juice of the maize straw 75% of weight meter, corn flour 22%, carbonic hydroammonium 1%, brown sugar 0.4%, ruminant domestic animal cud is expanded biochemical bacteria 1% and the salt 0.6% grown mixes constitutive material, add raw material weight, temperature is 25 ℃ water 50%, mix; The fermentation tank of packing into seals, and inserts sterile workshop again; 42 ℃ of temperature were carried out anaerobic fermentation 7 days, after 35% water content is sloughed in extruding; Granulate with granulator, air-dry, water content≤4%.
3. the production method of straw biological particle joint grain fodder according to claim 1 is characterized in that, at first; With sweet potato vine 71%, corn flour 27%, carbonic hydroammonium 0.5%, the brown sugar 0.3% of weight meter, have a liking for fiber bacterium 0.7% and salt 0.5% mixes constitutive material, add raw material weight, temperature is 30 ℃ water 45%, mix; The fermentation tank of packing into seals, and inserts sterile workshop again; 40 ℃ of temperature were carried out anaerobic fermentation 8 days, after 30% water content is sloughed in extruding; Granulate with granulator, air-dry, water content≤4%.
4. the production method of straw biological particle joint grain fodder according to claim 1 is characterized in that, at first; With peanut seedling 80%, corn flour 18%, carbonic hydroammonium 0.6%, the brown sugar 0.2% of weight meter, have a liking for fiber bacterium 0.8% and salt 0.4% mixes constitutive material, add raw material weight, temperature is 24 ℃ water 48%, mix; The fermentation tank of packing into seals, and inserts sterile workshop again; 44 ℃ of temperature were carried out anaerobic fermentation 6 days, after 40% water content is sloughed in extruding; Granulate with granulator, air-dry, water content≤4%.
5. the production method of straw biological particle joint grain fodder according to claim 1 is characterized in that, at first; The beanstalk 72% of weight meter, corn flour 25.5%, carbonic hydroammonium 0.8%, brown sugar 0.2%, saccharomyces cerevisiae 0.9% and salt 0.6% are mixed constitutive material, add raw material weight, temperature is 28 ℃ water 55%, mix; The fermentation tank of packing into seals, and inserts sterile workshop again; 44 ℃ of temperature were carried out anaerobic fermentation 8 days, after 30% water content is sloughed in extruding; Granulate with granulator, air-dry, water content≤4%.
6. the production method of straw biological particle joint grain fodder according to claim 1 is characterized in that, at first; The manioc waste 77% of weight meter, corn flour 21%, carbonic hydroammonium 0.7%, brown sugar 0.3%, active biochemical bacteria 0.5% and salt 0.5% are mixed constitutive material, add raw material weight, temperature is 27 ℃ water 46%, mix; The fermentation tank of packing into seals, and inserts sterile workshop again; 43 ℃ of temperature were carried out anaerobic fermentation 7 days, after 38% water content is sloughed in extruding; Granulate with granulator, air-dry, water content≤4%; Said active biochemical bacteria by have a liking for fiber bacterium, saccharomyces cerevisiae and streptomyces rimosus with etc. weight mix and form.
7. the production method of a straw biological particle joint grain fodder is characterized in that, is base-material with the raw material that ferments described in the claim 1; Then by weight, with the raw material that ferments 75%, wheat bran 14%, fish meal 3%, dregs of beans 8%, send in the agitator and stir; By the comminutor granulation; Air-dry, water content≤4%, packing.
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| CN1944624A (en) * | 2006-10-31 | 2007-04-11 | 南阳兴农生物技术开发有限公司 | Method for cultivating and preparing active biochemical bacteria |
| CN101113412B (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2010-09-22 | 曹明军 | Method for preparing multi-purpose compound fungus |
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| CN102113623A (en) | 2011-07-06 |
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