CN102087065B - Liquid helium external flow path system design for high pumping speed deep cooling system - Google Patents
Liquid helium external flow path system design for high pumping speed deep cooling system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102087065B CN102087065B CN 201010560844 CN201010560844A CN102087065B CN 102087065 B CN102087065 B CN 102087065B CN 201010560844 CN201010560844 CN 201010560844 CN 201010560844 A CN201010560844 A CN 201010560844A CN 102087065 B CN102087065 B CN 102087065B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a liquid helium external flow path system design for a high pumping speed deep cooling system, which comprises a liquid helium supply system, a liquid nitrogen supply system, a gaseous nitrogen supply system, a gaseous helium supply system, a heat sink system and a fluid discharging system. The system provides liquid helium cooling by adopting an open-type method, and has the advantages of being low in cost, adopting simple equipment, being convenient for usage and being convenient for transportation owing to the adoption of a 500L liquid helium tank for liquid helium supply; the system is safe in operation as provided with a safety valve; precooling is performed at first by utilizing liquid nitrogen before the liquid helium supply system is started, thereby avoiding the waste of expensive liquid helium; after the liquid nitrogen supply system completes the precooling, the residual liquid nitrogen in the heat sink system is purged by the gaseous nitrogen supply system, then the residual gaseous nitrogen in the heat sink system is purged by the gaseous helium supply system, and finally the liquid helium supply system is started, thereby preventing the residual liquid nitrogen in the heat sink system being frozen by the liquid helium to block off the pipeline; and the switching between the liquid helium supply system and the liquid nitrogen supply system is implemented by using a quick coupling in order to avoid cold leakage; the method has extensive applicable scope and useful value.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to for the outer flow process system of the necessary low temperature of simulation vacuum cryogenic environment.The present invention is used in particular for simulating the necessary liquid helium external flow path system of large pumping speed ultrahigh vacuum cryogenic environment.
[background technology]
Can successfully launch in order to guarantee various spacecrafts, operation reaches and finishes satisfactorily various predetermined tasks and successfully return ground reliably, must set up ground level heat vacuum environment simulation experiment device, the outer flow process induction system of cryogenic liquid then is the important component part of ground vacuum environment simulation experiment device.
At present, hot vacuum environment simulation experiment device both domestic and external mostly adopts the outer flow process of liquid nitrogen to freeze, in order to the cold darkness environment of simulation space, but for the system that requires final relief amount, large pumping speed, the vacuum that can simulate is not high, can only simulate the following environmental pressure of 100km.Along with the swift and violent development of China Aerospace, the needs of final relief loading gage people space flight, the demand of rocket engine plume experiment, adopt the outer flow process of liquid nitrogen to freeze and can't reach requirement, this just requires to adopt liquid helium external flow path to freeze, it can simulate the above environmental pressure of 100km, closer to real vacuum cryogenic environment.The liquid helium system can make the inner permanent vacuum degree of vacuum tank reach 10
-6～10
-7Pa, the permanent vacuum degree that can reach than existing liquid nitrogen system exceeds 1～2 order of magnitude.
For the high pumping speed deep cooling system that the final relief amount is arranged, the liquid helium consumption is very large, such as the large-scale plume experimental system of Beijing Institute of Aeronautics development, and its liquid helium is heat sink area 200m
2, for alleviating the impact of expanding with heat and contract with cold, liquid helium is heat sink along the cabin axon to being divided into 4 sections, and the liquid helium amount that each experiment consumes is 5～6m
3, experimental period 5～6 hours.According to market survey, the liquid helium scarcity of resources needs from imported from America, be sub-divided in after the import in the liquid helium tank of 500L, and the liquid helium tank One's name is legion of domestic 500L, transportation is also convenient, and liquid helium tank rent is not high, need not oneself buy liquid helium tank, cost saving.According to the market survey result, consider convenient transportation, designed the liquid helium external flow path system for 500L liquid helium tank.
[summary of the invention]
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of simple, reliable, practical liquid helium external flow path system that is used for simulation ultrahigh vacuum cryogenic environment.The problem to be solved in the present invention is that equipment is simple; With low cost; Save liquid helium; Simple to operate; Reliability is high.For this reason, system adopts open method that the liquid helium refrigeration is provided, and the part transfer pipeline shares; For saving liquid helium, liquid helium supply flow size is adjustable, adopts liquid nitrogen, gas nitrogen and gas helium to cooperate the common precooling of liquid helium in the heat sink precooling process.
The liquid helium external flow path system that is used for the high pumping speed deep cooling system shown in Figure 1 adopts open system, mainly comprises liquid helium supply system, liquid nitrogen supply system, gas nitrogen supply system, gas helium supply system, heat-sink system and fluid drainage system.
The liquid helium supply system comprises 500L liquid helium tank (1), pipeline safety valve (2), low-temperature liquid helium hand valve (3), rapid slot (14) and liquid helium Dewar pipeline.
The liquid nitrogen supply system comprises liquid nitrogen storage (6), pipeline safety valve (5,13), low temperature liquid nitrogen hand valve (4), rapid slot (15) and Dewar container for liquefied nitrogen pipeline.
Gas nitrogen supply system comprises gas nitrogen tank (9), pipeline safety valve (8), low temperature liquid nitrogen hand valve (7) and Dewar container for liquefied nitrogen pipeline.
Gas helium supply system comprises gas helium tank (12), pipeline safety valve (11), low temperature liquid nitrogen hand valve (10) and Dewar container for liquefied nitrogen pipeline.
Heat-sink system comprises quick plug (17), corrugated flexible hose (18), heat sink (19).
The fluid drainage system comprises pipeline safety valve (20), low-reading thermometer (21), low-temperature liquid helium hand valve (22) and liquid helium Dewar pipeline.
As seen from Figure 1, this system is open system, liquid nitrogen, gas nitrogen, gas helium and liquid helium all directly are disposed to atmosphere through the fluid drainage system through after the heat-sink system, during the heat-sink system precooling, first quick plug (17) is inserted in the rapid slot (15), successively finish the supply of liquid nitrogen, gas nitrogen and gas helium, then quick plug (17) is extracted from rapid slot (15), insert in the rapid slot (14), finish at last the liquid helium supply.The effect of corrugated flexible hose (18) is the quick-speed plug of being convenient to quick plug (17).The effect of pipeline safety valve (2,5,8,11,13,20) is to prevent that system pipeline pressure is excessive, guarantees pressure security.The effect of low-reading thermometer (21) is the fluid temperature (F.T.) in monitoring heat-sink system exit, controls the supply of liquid nitrogen, liquid helium in the precooling process by temperature value, reduces the consumption of liquid nitrogen, liquid helium.For avoiding low temperature cold to leak, pipeline, valve material in liquid helium supply system, heat-sink system and the fluid drainage system all adopt 316 stainless steels; The liquid nitrogen supply system, pipeline, valve material in gas nitrogen supply system, the gas helium supply system all adopt 304 stainless steels.
The connected mode of snap joint shown in Figure 2 is bell and spigot frame, is comprised of quick plug (17) and rapid slot (14 or 15).Wherein, quick plug (17) comprises vacuum tile road (23), plug flange (24), sealing ring (25); Rapid slot (14 or 15) comprises vacuum tile road (28), damping sleeve (27), slot flange (26).Snap joint can realize fast insert-pull, avoids valve and the pipeline of the freezing liquid nitrogen supply system of liquid helium.Damping sleeve (27) is comprised of 6 continuous sealing rings, is used for preventing the liquid leakage, reduces simultaneously and leaks heat.
Advantage and the good effect that has for a kind of simple liquid helium external flow path system supply method of cryogenic system of the present invention is: (1) has adopted open method that the liquid helium refrigeration is provided, and cost is low, and equipment is simple, and is easy to use; (2) adopt 500L liquid helium tank feed flow, convenient transportation is rented cheap; (3) system pipeline is provided with safety valve, can the assurance system safety of operation; (4) before the liquid helium supply system starts, utilize first cheap Liquid nitrogen precooler, avoided the waste of expensive liquid helium; (5) after the precooling of liquid nitrogen supply system is finished, utilize first gas nitrogen supply system to blow down residual liquid nitrogen in the heat-sink system, then utilize gas helium supply system to blow down residual gas nitrogen in the heat-sink system, start at last the liquid helium supply system, avoided in the heat-sink system residual liquid nitrogen to be frozen by liquid helium and firmly blocked pipeline; (6) adopt snap joint to switch liquid nitrogen supply system and liquid helium supply system, make liquid nitrogen and liquid helium realize physical isolation, avoid the appearance of the cold leakage phenomenon of liquid helium in the handoff procedure; (7) liquid nitrogen, gas nitrogen, gas helium and liquid helium supply system common fluid exhaust system are saved cost; (8) flow of liquid nitrogen, gas nitrogen, gas helium and liquid helium supply system all can manual adjustments; (9) low-reading thermometer is equipped with in the heat-sink system exit, is used for monitoring the fluid temperature (F.T.) in heat sink exit; (10) the method is with a wide range of applications and use value.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is open type liquid helium external flow path systematic schematic diagram
Fig. 2 is snap joint (quick plug and rapid slot)
[specific implementation method]
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing with embodiment.
Implement this liquid helium external flow path system supply method equipment therefor and mainly comprise liquid helium supply system, liquid nitrogen supply system, gas nitrogen supply system, gas helium supply system, heat-sink system and fluid drainage system.The liquid helium supply system comprises 500L liquid helium tank (1), pipeline safety valve (2), low-temperature liquid helium hand valve (3), rapid slot (14) and liquid helium Dewar pipeline.The liquid nitrogen supply system comprises liquid nitrogen storage (6), pipeline safety valve (5,13), low temperature liquid nitrogen hand valve (4), rapid slot (15) and Dewar container for liquefied nitrogen pipeline.Gas nitrogen supply system comprises gas nitrogen tank (9), pipeline safety valve (8), low temperature liquid nitrogen hand valve (7) and Dewar container for liquefied nitrogen pipeline.Gas helium supply system comprises gas helium tank (12), pipeline safety valve (11), low temperature liquid nitrogen hand valve (10) and Dewar container for liquefied nitrogen pipeline.Heat-sink system comprises quick plug (17), corrugated flexible hose (18), heat sink (19).The fluid drainage system comprises pipeline safety valve (20), low-reading thermometer (21), low-temperature liquid helium hand valve (22) and liquid helium Dewar pipeline.
As seen from Figure 1, this system is open system, liquid nitrogen, gas nitrogen, gas helium and liquid helium all directly are disposed to atmosphere through the fluid drainage system through after the heat-sink system, during the heat-sink system precooling, first quick plug (17) is inserted in the rapid slot (15), successively finish the supply of liquid nitrogen, gas nitrogen and gas helium, then quick plug (17) is extracted from rapid slot (15), insert in the rapid slot (14), finish at last the liquid helium supply.The effect of corrugated flexible hose (18) is the quick-speed plug of being convenient to quick plug (17).The effect of pipeline safety valve (2,5,8,11,13,20) is to prevent that system pipeline pressure is excessive, and venting is used.The effect of low-reading thermometer (21) is the fluid temperature (F.T.) in monitoring heat-sink system exit, controls the supply of liquid nitrogen, liquid helium in the precooling process by temperature value, to reduce the consumption of liquid nitrogen, liquid helium.For avoiding low temperature cold to leak, pipeline, valve material in liquid helium supply system, heat-sink system and the fluid drainage system all adopt 316 stainless steels, the liquid nitrogen supply system, and pipeline, valve material in gas nitrogen supply system, the gas helium supply system all adopt 304 stainless steels.
Liquid helium is expensive, in order to reduce the consumption of liquid helium, reduce to test operating cost, utilize first cheap Liquid nitrogen precooler heat-sink system, after the liquid nitrogen supply system is pre-chilled to uniform temperature with heat-sink system, start gas nitrogen supply system and blow down residual liquid nitrogen in the heat-sink system, then start gas helium supply system and blow down residual gas nitrogen in the heat-sink system, start at last the liquid helium supply system and continue the precooling heat sinking system.The detailed process of heat-sink system precooling is as follows:
(1) before system started, whether check system pipeline, valve state be normal;
(2) quick plug (17) is inserted in the rapid slot (15), primer fluid nitrogen supply system: open low temperature liquid nitrogen hand valve (4), the heat sink system carries Liquid nitrogen precooler, open simultaneously low-temperature liquid helium hand valve (22), liquid nitrogen becomes the few two-phase fluid of the many liquid of gas after by heat-sink system, drain into outdoorly through the fluid drainage system, after heat-sink system is chilled to liquid nitrogen temperature in advance, close low temperature liquid nitrogen hand valve (4);
(3) start gas nitrogen supply system: open low temperature liquid nitrogen hand valve (7), heat sink system conveying gas nitrogen is used for blowing down the residual liquid nitrogen of heat-sink system, after liquid nitrogen in the heat-sink system is blown down, closes low temperature liquid nitrogen hand valve (7);
(4) start gas helium supply system: open low temperature liquid nitrogen hand valve (10), heat sink system conveying gas helium is used for blowing down the residual gas nitrogen of heat-sink system, after gas nitrogen is blown down in the heat-sink system, closes low temperature liquid nitrogen hand valve (10);
(5) quick inserting trough (17) is extracted from rapid slot (15), inserted in the rapid slot (14), check whether connection is intact;
(6) start the liquid helium supply system: open low-temperature liquid helium hand valve (3), the heat sink system carries liquid helium, is used for continuing the precooling heat sinking system, after heat-sink system is chilled to the liquid helium warm area in advance, namely finishes the precooling work of heat-sink system.
Claims (8)
1. the liquid helium external flow path equipment that is used for the high pumping speed deep cooling system, mainly comprise liquid helium supply system, liquid nitrogen supply system, gas nitrogen supply system, gas helium supply system, heat-sink system and fluid drainage system, it is characterized in that: adopt open system, liquid or gas in large supply little adjustable; Liquid nitrogen, gas nitrogen, gas helium and liquid helium all directly are disposed to atmosphere through the fluid drainage system through after the heat-sink system; System is provided with snap joint, can realize the quick switching of liquid nitrogen and liquid helium supply system, avoids pipeline and the valve of the freezing liquid nitrogen supply system of liquid helium; System is provided with pipeline safety valve, prevents that system pressure is too high; System is provided with low-reading thermometer, is used for the fluid temperature (F.T.) in monitoring heat-sink system exit;
The connected mode of described snap joint is bell and spigot frame, is comprised of quick plug (17) and rapid slot (14 or 15); Wherein, quick plug (17) comprises vacuum tile road (23), plug flange (24) and sealing ring (25); Rapid slot (14 or 15) comprises vacuum tile road (28), damping sleeve (27) and slot flange (26); Rapid slot has two, the first rapid slot (14) connects the liquid helium supply system, the second rapid slot (15) connecting fluid nitrogen supply system, the gentle helium supply system of gas nitrogen supply system, in concrete precooling process, first quick plug (17) is inserted in the second rapid slot (15), then implementation successively: open the liquid nitrogen supply system, the heat sink system carries Liquid nitrogen precooler, open simultaneously low-temperature liquid helium hand valve (22), liquid nitrogen becomes the few two-phase fluid of the many liquid of gas after by heat-sink system, drain into outdoorly through the fluid drainage system, after heat-sink system is chilled to liquid nitrogen temperature in advance, close the liquid nitrogen supply system; Open gas nitrogen supply system, heat sink system conveying gas nitrogen after liquid nitrogen in the heat-sink system is blown down, closes the nitrogen supply system of holding one's breath; Start gas helium supply system, heat sink system conveying gas helium after gas nitrogen is blown down in the heat-sink system, closes the helium supply system of holding one's breath; Again quick plug (17) is extracted from the second rapid slot (15), insert in the first rapid slot (14), start the liquid helium supply system, the heat sink system carries liquid helium, be used for continuing the precooling heat sinking system, after heat-sink system is chilled to the liquid helium warm area in advance, finish the precooling work of heat-sink system.
2. the liquid helium external flow path equipment for the high pumping speed deep cooling system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the liquid helium supply system comprises 500L liquid helium tank (1), pipeline safety valve (2), low-temperature liquid helium hand valve (3), the first rapid slot (14) and liquid helium Dewar pipeline, for heat-sink system provides the liquid helium refrigeration; Adopt 500L liquid helium tank feed flow; Pipeline safety valve is used for preventing that system pressure is too high; System pipeline, valve material are selected 316 stainless steels.
3. the liquid helium external flow path equipment for the high pumping speed deep cooling system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the liquid nitrogen supply system comprises liquid nitrogen storage (6), pipeline safety valve (5,13), low temperature liquid nitrogen hand valve (4), the second rapid slot (15) and Dewar container for liquefied nitrogen pipeline, for heat-sink system provides liquid nitrogen refrigerating; Pipeline safety valve is used for preventing that system pressure is too high; System pipeline, valve material are selected 304 stainless steels.
4. the liquid helium external flow path equipment for the high pumping speed deep cooling system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: gas nitrogen supply system comprises gas nitrogen tank (9), pipeline safety valve (8), low wet nitrogen hand valve (7) and gas nitrogen Dewar pipeline, blows down for heat-sink system provides gas nitrogen; Pipeline safety valve is used for preventing that system pressure is too high; System pipeline, valve material are selected 304 stainless steels.
5. the liquid helium external flow path equipment for the high pumping speed deep cooling system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: gas helium supply system comprises gas helium tank (12), pipeline safety valve (11), low wet helium hand valve (10) and gas helium Dewar pipeline, blows down for heat-sink system provides gas helium; Pipeline safety valve is used for preventing that system pressure is too high; System pipeline, valve material are selected 304 stainless steels.
6. the liquid helium external flow path equipment for the high pumping speed deep cooling system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: heat-sink system comprises quick plug (17), corrugated flexible hose (18), heat sink (19); The effect of corrugated flexible hose (18) is the quick-speed plug of being convenient to quick plug (17); System pipeline material selection 316 stainless steels.
7. the liquid helium external flow path equipment for the high pumping speed deep cooling system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the fluid drainage system comprises pipeline safety valve (20), low-reading thermometer (21), low-temperature liquid helium hand valve (22) and liquid helium Dewar pipeline, and liquid nitrogen, gas nitrogen, gas helium and liquid helium all directly are disposed to atmosphere through the fluid drainage system through after the heat-sink system; The effect of low-reading thermometer (21) is the fluid temperature (F.T.) in monitoring heat-sink system exit, reduces the consumption of liquid nitrogen, liquid helium; System pipeline, valve material are selected 316 stainless steels.
8. the liquid helium external flow path equipment for the high pumping speed deep cooling system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: liquid or gas in large supply little adjustable, adopt low-temperature liquid helium hand valve (3) regulator solution helium flow amount size; Adopt low temperature liquid nitrogen hand valve (4) to regulate the liquid nitrogen uninterrupted; Adopt low wet nitrogen hand valve (7) to regulate gas nitrogen uninterrupted; Adopt low wet helium hand valve (10) to regulate gas helium flow amount size.
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| CN102588741B (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2013-08-14 | 北京航空航天大学 | High-pure helium distribution device in plume test platform and application method |
| CN102588740B (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2013-11-27 | 北京航空航天大学 | High-pressure and high-purity nitrogen distribution device for plume test platform and application method for device |
| CN103343884B (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2015-04-15 | 北京航空航天大学 | Liquid helium conveying system used for large-size multi-section liquid helium heat sinks and class converting method for large-size multi-section liquid helium heat sinks |
| CN103486794B (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2015-11-18 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | A kind of Cryo Equipment for superconduction frequency stabilization oscillator and using method thereof |
| CN115325753B (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2023-05-16 | 北京航天试验技术研究所 | Helium circulation-based double-precooling low-temperature slurry preparation device and method |
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| US6698212B2 (en) * | 2001-07-03 | 2004-03-02 | Thermo King Corporation | Cryogenic temperature control apparatus and method |
| US6631621B2 (en) * | 2001-07-03 | 2003-10-14 | Thermo King Corporation | Cryogenic temperature control apparatus and method |
| CN201344691Y (en) * | 2009-01-24 | 2009-11-11 | 中国电子系统工程第二建设有限公司 | Improved vaporization refrigeration capacity recycling system of low-temperature liquids |
| CN101706188A (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2010-05-12 | 北京航空航天大学 | Liquid helium external flow path system design used for high pumping speed deep cooling system |
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