CN102079019A - Multi-element compounded micro-alloyed Al-Mg-Sc series welding wire and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-element compounded micro-alloyed Al-Mg-Sc series welding wire and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-element compounded micro-alloyed Al-Mg-Sc series welding wire. The welding wire comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 4.5 to 7.5 percent of magnesium, 0.3 to 0.63 percent of manganese, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of zirconium, 0.18 to 0.4 percent of scandium, 0.25 to 0.4 percent of cerium and lanthanum and the balance of Al. When the Sc and Zr multi-element compounded micro-alloyed Al-Mg-Sc series welding wire is used for the fusion welding of an Al-Zn-Mg (Sc) series alloy and an Al-Mg (Sc) series alloy, the welding seam alloy has fine and uniform textures and the hot cracking tendency of a welded joint is obviously reduced. The alloy welding wire has relatively high fluidity at a welding temperature, can obtain more excellent welding seam textures, reduces the welding hot cracking tendency of the welding seam alloy, obtains relatively high strength of the joint after welding and has relatively strong corrosion resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Al-Mg of being used for (Sc) and be and multi-element composite micro-alloying Al-Mg-Sc series solder wire that the melting of Al-Zn-Mg (Sc) line aluminium alloy is used and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At the aluminum alloy melting welding field, non-heat treatment reinforcement magnalium serial alloy welding wire is to use the most a kind of, accounts for more than 50% of whole aluminium alloy packing material use amount at present, and its typical trade mark is ER5356 and ER5183.The advantage of ER5356 alloy welding wire is that intensity is moderate, heat crack resistance is relative with decay resistance better.But along with Al-Mg system and Al-Zn-Mg be in the high-strength aluminum alloy performance continuous improvement and to the raising of attaching parts reliability requirement, the high-strength aluminum alloy welding point was to the requirement of intensity, plasticity, corrosive nature etc. during traditional Al-Mg alloy welding wire such as ER5356 can not satisfy, especially for the large component that can not heat-treat after thick plates and the welding, press for heat resistanceheat resistant and split the high strength aluminum alloy welding wire better, to satisfy the needs that multiple-project parts more improve day by day to bonding strength and reliability with anti-stress corrosion performance.
The principle of general soldering wire alloy composition design has three, first, the soldering wire alloy main component should guarantee with base material compatibility is arranged, be alloy promptly with high magnesium alloy solder wire welding Al-Mg, copper master alloy welding wire welding Al-Cu is an alloy, and welding high zinc Al-Zn-Mg with high magnesium alloy solder wire is that alloy is to reduce the crackle tendency of weld seam; The second, add micro alloying element refinement weld grain and produce refined crystalline strengthening, improve strength of welded joint and plasticity and effectively reduce fire check sensitiveness; The 3rd, the interpolation micro alloying element makes weld metal form the primary crystal equilibrium phase under curing condition and separates out equal multiple dispersion-strengtherning mutually with nanoscale, causes significant precipitation strength.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention provides the Al-Mg-Sc serial alloy welding wire with higher-strength that a kind of Al-Mg of satisfying (Sc) is and the melting of Al-Zn-Mg (Sc) line aluminium alloy is used.
Goal of the invention of the present invention realizes by following technical solution:
A kind of multi-element composite micro-alloying Al-Mg-Sc series solder wire, it comprises following composition (by mass percentage): magnesium 4.5-7.5%, manganese 0.3-0.63%, zirconium 0.1-0.2%, scandium 0.18-0.4%, cerium+lanthanum 0.25-0.4%, all the other are Al.
Preferably, the ratio of the content of the content of described manganese (Mn) and scandium (Sc) is 1.5~1.8: 1.
Preferably, cerium is 60%~80% in described cerium+lanthanum, lanthanum is 40%~20%.
Preferably, described a kind of multi-element composite micro-alloying Al-Mg-Sc series solder wire comprises following composition (by mass percentage): magnesium 6.0%, manganese 0.55%, zirconium 0.2%, scandium 0.35%, cerium+lanthanum 0.32%, all the other are Al.
A kind of preparation method of multi-element composite micro-alloying Al-Mg-Sc series solder wire, its step is as follows: the preparation of (1) raw material: aluminium (Al), magnesium (Mg) add with the form of simple metal, alloying element manganese (Mn), scandium (Sc), zirconium (Zr), lanthanum (La) and cerium (Ce) all add with the form of Al base intermediate alloy, preparation by mass percentage;
(2) alloy melting: adopt resistance furnace heating melting, under the protection of coverture, melt and body of heater purifies, through skim, online degasification and filter after be cast into alloy pig, make hydrogen≤0.20mL/100g;
(3) machine-shaping: ingot casting carries out through cutting skin, decaptitating, being hot extruded into alloy bar after the homogenizing annealing, again through intermediate annealing and multiple tracks drawing, peeling obtains the welding wire of specified diameter.
Described smelting temperature is set at 760~780 ℃, and pouring temperature is 720 ℃-740 ℃.
Preferably, described pouring temperature is 730 ℃.
Preferably, described coverture is CaF
2+ MgCl
2+ CaCl
2Or CaF
2+ MgCl
2+ MgF
2
In to the aluminium alloy capability Study of Lifting, find that scandium (Sc) is that the most effective up to now alloy adds element, it belongs to the 3D transition elements, the rare earth element that is centered on by the 4f electronics with skin has tangible performance difference, its lattice paprmeter, density and some physics, mechanical property more approaches aluminium, yttrium and titanium, it is the desirable alloy element of aluminium alloy, aluminium there is good dispersion-strengthened action, be the most strong grain refiner of aluminium alloy and effective crystallization inhibitor again, the structure of alloy and performance are produced significantly influence, and the adding of an amount of scandium makes the intensity of aluminium alloy, hardness, welding performance, decay resistances etc. are greatly improved.Its strengthening mechanism is: except that a small amount of solid solution, major part is with Al in aluminium alloy for scandium
3The Sc particle form is separated out, i.e. the nascent Al of casting
3The secondary Al of Sc and hot-working
3Sc, the nascent Al of casting
3Sc has identical lattice types and extremely low coherence mismatch with aluminum substrate, becomes effective heterogeneous body nucleus, and refinement alloy casting state grain structure improves alloy strength, the secondary Al of hot-working
3The Sc particle further improves intensity and suppresses alloy recrystallization by the formation of pinning dislocation and obstruction sub boundary, makes alloy all can keep stable non-recrystallized structure in hot-working or annealing in process state, thereby keeps its good toughness and tenacity.
In containing scandium-aluminum alloy, add other transition element Mn, Zr etc., the beneficial effect when the compound interpolation of scandium and these elements has not only kept adding scandium separately, and can improve the particle heat endurance, the Zr that adds trace can make Al
3The Sc facies evolution forms ternary Al
3(Sc, Zr) compound particle further reduce the mismatch with aluminum substrate, and the beneficial effect of Sc is improved.
Al-Mg is that alloy and Al-Zn-Mg are that alloy generally all adopts high magnesium Al-Mg serial alloy welding wire welding (magnesium (Mg) content 〉=3% o'clock is called high-magnesium aluminum alloy generally speaking), when content of magnesium increases, add other and add element, the viscosity of aluminium alloy melt increases during melting, the mobile reduction makes troubles can for like this casting and following process.In aluminium alloy, add the flowability that an amount of cerium (Ce) and lanthanum (La) can improve alloy, reduce the influence that high magnesium alloy viscosity produces alloy greatly, can reduce the consumption of Sc on the other hand, not only reduced cost but also produce compound action with Sc, further crystal grain thinning, improve the extension limit and the heat endurance of alloy, simultaneously can also with the Al in the aluminum melt
2O
3[H] reacts, and plays the effect that purifies melt.
Using Sc of the present invention, Zr multi-element composite micro-alloying Al-Mg-Sc serial alloy welding wire molten solder Al-Zn-Mg (Sc) is that alloy and Al-Mg (Sc) are alloy, and the weld seam alloy has obtained the tissue of tiny homogeneous, and the welding point hot cracking tendency obviously descends; Add 0.2%~0.4% lanthanum (La) and cerium (Ce) in the alloy welding wire and improved the flowability of alloy melt, weakened high magnesium alloy fused mass viscosity and be difficult to the influence of moulding greatly the ingot casting cast, simultaneously under welding temperature, also has good mobility as welding wire, preferentially selecting cerium in the mixture of cerium and lanthanum for use is 60%~80%, lanthanum is 40%~20%, the more satisfactory while of the mobile performance of welding wire can better be played the effect that purifies melt like this, ratio when the content of the content of manganese (Mn) and scandium (Sc) in the aluminium-magnesium-scandium alloy is 1.5~1.8: in the time of 1, alloy has excellent corrosion resistance, therefore alloy welding wire of the present invention has higher flowability under welding temperature, can obtain excellent more seam organization, reduce weld seam alloy welding hot cracking tendency, postwelding obtains higher strength of joint, and has stronger corrosion resistance.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is Al-6Mg-0.55Mn-0.35Sc-0.20Zr alloy welding wire ingot casting metallographic microstructure figure of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Al-Mg-Sc of the present invention is a packing material, and by mass percentage, its main chemical is: magnesium 4.5-7.5%, manganese 0.3-0.63%, zirconium 0.1-0.2%, scandium 0.18-0.4%, cerium+lanthanum 0.25-0.4%, all the other are Al and unavoidable impurities.
Above-mentioned Al-Mg-Sc is that packing material adopts following technology preparation:
(1) raw material preparation: aluminium (Al), magnesium (Mg) add with the form of simple metal, and alloying element manganese (Mn), scandium (Sc), zirconium (Zr), lanthanum (La) and cerium (Ce) all add with the form of Al base intermediate alloy, preparation by mass percentage;
(2) alloy melting: adopt resistance furnace heating melting, at coverture CaF
2+ MgCl
2+ CaCl
2Protection under melt and body of heater purifies, through skim, online degasification and filter after be cast into alloy pig, the content of protium is controlled at hydrogen (H)≤0.20mL/100g.For fully dissolving the thick intermetallic particle in the intermediate alloy, improve degassing effect and annex the scaling loss that reduces magnesium, smelting temperature is set at 760~780 ℃, and pouring temperature is 720 ℃-740 ℃, preferred 730 ℃.The common process parameter of other process using alloy melting.
(3) machine-shaping: ingot casting carries out through cutting skin, decaptitating, being hot extruded into alloy bar after the homogenizing annealing, again through intermediate annealing and multiple tracks drawing, peel, clean the continuous plate-like welding wire or the vertical bar welding wire that obtain specified diameter.
Welding wire is through being used for reaching automatically semiautomatic welding behind the drum again continuously, and the vertical bar welding wire can be directly used in manual welding.
The technology that does not specify in this manual in preparation method of the present invention all adopts conventional process.
During welding,, can adopt manual welding or automatic weldering that welding wire is sent into the welding pond and weld according to selected melting method and welding variables thereof.
Embodiment 1
Its main chemical (mass percent) is: magnesium (Mg) 4.5%, manganese (Mn) 0.30%, zirconium (Zr) 0.10%, scandium (Sc) 0.18%, cerium (Ce)+lanthanum (La) 0.25%, all the other are Al and unavoidable impurities.Wherein cerium (Ce) is 60%~80%, and lanthanum (La) is 40%~20%.
(1) raw material preparation: aluminium (Al), magnesium (Mg) add with the form of simple metal, and alloying element manganese (Mn), scandium (Sc), zirconium (Zr), lanthanum (La) and cerium (Ce) all add with the form of Al base intermediate alloy, preparation by mass percentage;
(2) alloy melting: adopt resistance furnace heating melting, at coverture CaF
2+ MgCl
2+ CaCl
2Protection under melt and body of heater purifies, through skim, online degasification and filter after be cast into
Alloy pig, wherein smelting temperature is 760 ℃, and pouring temperature is 730 ℃, and the content of protium is controlled at hydrogen (H)≤0.20mL/100g in the alloy;
(3) machine-shaping: ingot casting carries out homogenizing annealing, afterwards, through cutting skin, decaptitating, is hot extruded into alloy bar, again through 450 ℃ of intermediate annealings and multiple tracks drawing, peel, clean and obtain continuous plate-like welding wire and vertical bar welding wire;
Welding wire is through being used for reaching automatically semiautomatic welding behind the drum again continuously, and the vertical bar welding wire can be directly used in manual welding.
Embodiment 2
Its main chemical (mass percent) is: magnesium (Mg) 5.0%, manganese (Mn) 0.40%, zirconium (Zr) 0.15%, scandium (Sc) 0.25%, cerium (Ce)+lanthanum (La) 0.28%, all the other are Al and unavoidable impurities.Wherein cerium (Ce) is 60%~80%, and lanthanum (La) is 40%~20%.
(1) raw material preparation: aluminium (Al), magnesium (Mg) add with the form of simple metal, and alloying element manganese (Mn), scandium (Sc), zirconium (Zr), lanthanum (La) and cerium (Ce) all add with the form of Al base intermediate alloy, preparation by mass percentage;
(2) alloy melting: adopt resistance furnace heating melting, at coverture CaF
2+ MgCl
2+ CaCl
2Protection under melt and body of heater purifies, through skim, online degasification and filter after be cast into
Alloy pig, wherein smelting temperature is set at 780 ℃, and pouring temperature is 720 ℃, and the content of protium is controlled at hydrogen (H)≤0.20mL/100g in the alloy;
(3) machine-shaping: ingot casting carries out through cutting skin, decaptitating, being hot extruded into alloy bar after the homogenizing annealing, again through 450 ℃ of intermediate annealings and multiple tracks drawing, peel, clean and obtain continuous plate-like welding wire and vertical bar welding wire;
Welding wire is through being used for reaching automatically semiautomatic welding behind the drum again continuously, and the vertical bar welding wire can be directly used in manual welding.
Embodiment 3
Its main chemical (mass percent) is: magnesium (Mg) 5.5%, manganese (Mn) 0.60%, zirconium (Zr) 0.20%, scandium (Sc) 0.40%, cerium (Ce)+lanthanum (La) 0.30%, all the other are Al and unavoidable impurities.Wherein cerium (Ce) is 60%~80%, and lanthanum (La) is 40%~20%.
(1) raw material preparation: aluminium (Al), magnesium (Mg) add with the form of simple metal, and alloying element manganese (Mn), scandium (Sc), zirconium (Zr), lanthanum (La) and cerium (Ce) all add with the form of Al base intermediate alloy, preparation by mass percentage;
(2) alloy melting: adopt resistance furnace heating melting, at coverture CaF
2+ MgCl
2+ CaCl
2Protection under melt and body of heater purifies, through skim, online degasification and filter after be cast into
Alloy pig, wherein smelting temperature is set at 770 ℃, and pouring temperature is 740 ℃, and the content of protium is controlled at hydrogen (H)≤0.18mL/100g in the alloy;
(3) machine-shaping: ingot casting carries out through cutting skin, decaptitating, being hot extruded into alloy bar after the homogenizing annealing, again through 450 ℃ of intermediate annealings and multiple tracks drawing, peel, clean and obtain continuous plate-like welding wire and vertical bar welding wire;
Welding wire is through being used for reaching automatically semiautomatic welding behind the drum again continuously, and the vertical bar welding wire can be directly used in manual welding.
Embodiment 4
Its main chemical (mass percent) is: magnesium (Mg) 6%, manganese (Mn) 0.55%, zirconium (Zr) 0.20%, scandium (Sc) 0.35%, cerium (Ce)+lanthanum (La) 0.32%, all the other are Al and unavoidable impurities.Wherein cerium (Ce) is 60%~80%, and lanthanum (La) is 40%~20%.
(1) raw material preparation: aluminium (Al), magnesium (Mg) add with the form of simple metal, and alloying element manganese (Mn), scandium (Sc), zirconium (Zr), lanthanum (La) and cerium (Ce) all add with the form of Al base intermediate alloy, preparation by mass percentage;
(2) alloy melting: adopt resistance furnace heating melting, at coverture CaF
2+ MgCl
2+ CaCl
2Protection under melt and body of heater purifies, through skim, online degasification and filter after be cast into
Alloy pig, smelting temperature are set at 765 ℃, and pouring temperature is 730 ℃, and the content of protium is controlled at hydrogen (H)≤0.18mL/100g in the alloy;
(3) machine-shaping: ingot casting carries out through cutting skin, decaptitating, being hot extruded into alloy bar after the homogenizing annealing, again through 450 ℃ of intermediate annealings and multiple tracks drawing, peel, clean and obtain continuous plate-like welding wire and vertical bar welding wire;
(4) welding wire is through being used for reaching automatically semiautomatic welding behind the drum again continuously, and the vertical bar welding wire can be directly used in manual welding.
Embodiment 5
Its main chemical (mass percent) is: magnesium (Mg) 6.5%, manganese (Mn) 0.50%, zirconium (Zr) 0.16%, scandium (Sc) 0.30%, cerium (Ce)+lanthanum (La) 0.35%, all the other are Al and unavoidable impurities.Wherein cerium (Ce) is 60%~80%, and lanthanum (La) is 40%~20%.
(1) raw material preparation: aluminium (Al), magnesium (Mg) add with the form of simple metal, and alloying element manganese (Mn), scandium (Sc), zirconium (Zr), lanthanum (La) and cerium (Ce) all add with the form of Al base intermediate alloy, preparation by mass percentage;
(2) alloy melting: adopt resistance furnace heating melting, at coverture CaF
2+ MgCl
2+ CaCl
2Protection under melt and body of heater purifies, through skim, online degasification and filter after be cast into
Alloy pig, wherein smelting temperature is 775 ℃, and pouring temperature is 730 ℃, and the content of protium is controlled at hydrogen (H)≤0.18mL/100g in the alloy;
(3) machine-shaping: ingot casting carries out through cutting skin, decaptitating, being hot extruded into alloy bar after the homogenizing annealing, again through 450 ℃ of intermediate annealings and multiple tracks drawing, peel, clean and obtain continuous plate-like welding wire and vertical bar welding wire.
(4) welding wire is through being used for reaching automatically semiautomatic welding behind the drum again continuously, and the vertical bar welding wire can be directly used in manual welding.
Embodiment 6
Its main chemical (mass percent) is: magnesium (Mg) 7.0%, manganese (Mn) 0.60%, zirconium (Zr) 0.15%, scandium (Sc) 0.34%, cerium (Ce)+lanthanum (La) 0.38%, all the other are Al and unavoidable impurities.Wherein cerium (Ce) is 60%~80%, and lanthanum (La) is 40%~20%.
(1) raw material preparation: aluminium (Al), magnesium (Mg) add with the form of simple metal, and alloying element manganese (Mn), scandium (Sc), zirconium (Zr), lanthanum (La) and cerium (Ce) all add with the form of Al base intermediate alloy, preparation by mass percentage;
(2) alloy melting: adopt resistance furnace heating melting, at coverture CaF
2+ MgCl
2+ CaCl
2Protection under melt and body of heater purifies, through skim, online degasification and filter after be cast into
Alloy pig, wherein smelting temperature is set at 780 ℃, and pouring temperature is 720 ℃, and the content of protium is controlled at hydrogen (H)≤0.15mL/100g in the alloy;
(3) machine-shaping: ingot casting carries out through cutting skin, decaptitating, being hot extruded into alloy bar after the homogenizing annealing, again through 450 ℃ of intermediate annealings and multiple tracks drawing, peel, clean and obtain continuous plate-like welding wire and vertical bar welding wire;
(4) welding wire is through being used for reaching automatically semiautomatic welding behind the drum again continuously, and the vertical bar welding wire can be directly used in manual welding.
Embodiment 7
Its main chemical (mass percent) is: magnesium (Mg) 7.5%, manganese (Mn) 0.63%, zirconium (Zr) 0.18%, scandium (Sc) 0.35%, cerium (Ce)+lanthanum (La) 0.40%, all the other are Al and unavoidable impurities.Wherein cerium (Ce) is 60%~80%, and lanthanum (La) is 40%~20%.
(1) raw material preparation: aluminium (Al), magnesium (Mg) add with the form of simple metal, and alloying element manganese (Mn), scandium (Sc), zirconium (Zr), lanthanum (La) and cerium (Ce) all add with the form of Al base intermediate alloy, preparation by mass percentage;
(2) alloy melting: adopt resistance furnace heating melting, at coverture CaF
2+ MgCl
2+ CaCl
2Protection under melt and body of heater purifies, through skim, online degasification and filter after be cast into
Alloy pig, wherein smelting temperature is set at 780 ℃, and pouring temperature is 720 ℃, and the content of protium is controlled at hydrogen (H)≤0.15mL/100g in the alloy;
(3) machine-shaping: ingot casting carries out through cutting skin, decaptitating, being hot extruded into alloy bar after the homogenizing annealing, again through 450 ℃ of intermediate annealings and multiple tracks drawing, peel, clean and obtain continuous plate-like welding wire and vertical bar welding wire;
(4) welding wire is through being used for reaching automatically semiautomatic welding behind the drum again continuously, and the vertical bar welding wire can be directly used in manual welding.
Table 1 embodiment of the invention welding wire compares with contrast welding wire performance, and the main chemical (mass percent) of contrast welding wire is: 5.8Mg, 0.65Mn, 0.25Sc, 0.10Zr, all the other are Al.
The comparing result of each embodiment and contrast welding wire as can be seen from table, the corrosion rate of 7 embodiment alloy welding wire integral body will be compared littler by 22%~36% than the corrosion rate of welding wire among the present invention, the corrosion resistance that chemical composition alloy welding wire of the present invention is described is better, corrosion rate also as can be known among 7 embodiment of comparison, the corrosion rate minimum of embodiment 4 alloy welding wires, be that corrosion resistance is best, its alloy welding wire ingot casting metallographic microstructure as shown in Figure 1.
Claims (8)
1. multi-element composite micro-alloying Al-Mg-Sc series solder wire is characterized in that comprising following composition (by mass percentage): magnesium 4.5-7.5%, manganese 0.3-0.63%, zirconium 0.1-0.2%, scandium 0.18-0.4%, cerium+lanthanum 0.25-0.4%, all the other are Al.
2. multi-element composite micro-alloying Al-Mg-Sc series solder wire as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the ratio of the content of the content of described manganese (Mn) and scandium (Sc) is 1.5~1.8: 1.
3. multi-element composite micro-alloying Al-Mg-Sc series solder wire as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: cerium is 60%~80% in described cerium+lanthanum, lanthanum is 40%~20%.
4. multi-element composite micro-alloying Al-Mg-Sc series solder wire as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that comprising following composition (by mass percentage): magnesium 6.0%, manganese 0.55%, zirconium 0.2%, scandium 0.35%, cerium+lanthanum 0.32%, all the other are Al.
5. as the preparation method of one of the every described multi-element composite micro-alloying Al-Mg-Sc series solder wire of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: its step is as follows:
(1) raw material preparation: the form with simple metal adds aluminium, magnesium, with form adding alloying element manganese (Mn), scandium (Sc), zirconium (Zr), lanthanum (La) and the cerium (Ce) of Al base intermediate alloy;
(2) alloy melting: adopt resistance furnace heating melting, under the protection of coverture, melt and body of heater purifies, through skim, online degasification and filter after be cast into alloy pig, make hydrogen≤0.20mL/100g;
(3) machine-shaping: ingot casting carries out through cutting skin, decaptitating, being hot extruded into alloy bar after the homogenizing annealing, again through intermediate annealing and multiple tracks drawing, peeling obtains the welding wire of specified diameter.
6. the preparation method of multi-element composite micro-alloying Al-Mg-Sc series solder wire as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: described smelting temperature is set at 760~780 ℃, and pouring temperature is 720 ℃-740 ℃.
7. the preparation method of multi-element composite micro-alloying Al-Mg-Sc series solder wire as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: described pouring temperature is 730 ℃.
8. the preparation method of multi-element composite micro-alloying Al-Mg-Sc series solder wire as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: described coverture is CaF
2+ MgCl
2+ CaCl
2Or CaF
2+ MgCl
2+ MgF
2
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CN111069609A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-28 | 江苏豪然喷射成形合金有限公司 | Welding wire preparation process suitable for spray forming ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy plate fusion welding |
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