CN102053084A - Method for analyzing and testing quality of storage battery - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for detecting and analyzing the quality of a storage battery from a brand-new investigation dimension. Utilizing the principle that the quality performance of the battery is actually determined by its internal chemical composition content, the battery quality is analyzed by measuring the chemical composition content in the battery and comparing the chemical composition content with the preset standard. The method has the advantages of low cost, low energy consumption and more reliable test results.

Description

Battery quality analysis and detection method

technical field

The invention relates to a battery quality analysis and detection method.

Background technique

With the continuous development of China's communication industry, the demand for batteries in communication equipment rooms continues to increase, and the industry of valve-regulated lead-acid batteries for communication has developed rapidly. Up to now, there are dozens of manufacturers of valve-regulated lead-acid batteries for communication in the country. The total amount of lead thrown into the storage battery reaches billions of ampere-hours. The main function of the battery is to store electric energy. When the external AC power supply is interrupted, the battery is used as the backup energy of the system to provide power supply. It is self-evident for the equipment that cannot interrupt the power supply.

The valve-regulated lead-acid battery maintains an airtight and liquid-tight state during normal use. When the internal air pressure exceeds a predetermined value, the safety valve will automatically open to release the gas. When the internal air pressure drops, the safety valve closes automatically to make it airtight, preventing external air from entering the interior of the battery. During the service life of valve-regulated lead-acid batteries, there is no need to add electrolyte under normal use.

Valve-regulated sealed lead-acid batteries have been widely used due to their advantages of no acid mist overflow (tightness), no need to add water (less maintenance) and easy installation. In the communication network, the valve-regulated sealed lead-acid battery is an important part of its backup power supply, and it is the last line of defense for power supply protection. Once the valve-regulated sealed lead-acid battery has quality problems, it may cause the system to shut down and cause huge damage. economic loss. Due to the strict operation requirements of VRLA batteries, the quality control and performance analysis of VRLA batteries are particularly important.

At present, the quality analysis and control methods for battery products mainly include:

Appearance (visual inspection);

weight size;

Test its actual running quality and performance by charging and discharging.

For details of the above detection methods, refer to the inspection method in Section 6 of the communication industry standard "Valve Regulated Sealed Lead-Acid Batteries for Communications" (YD/T 799-2002) and "Valve Regulated Sealed Gel Batteries for Communications" (YD/T 1360-2002). 2005) Section 6 inspection method and national standard "Fixed Valve Control Sealed Gel Battery" (GB/T 19638.2-2005) Section 7 inspection method.

CN101067645A discloses a method for analyzing the performance of a valve-regulated lead-acid battery, which utilizes the dispersion of the floating charge voltage of the battery to determine the performance of the battery.

CN101067648A discloses a method and system for judging the performance of an electrolyte-type storage battery. First, the internal resistance of the electrolyte-type storage battery is detected, and the internal resistance value is compared with preset relationship curves between different remaining capacity state values and internal resistance values to obtain the current The state value of the remaining capacity of the state, and then judge the performance of the electrolyte battery.

The current detection method mainly analyzes and controls the quality of the battery through actual running tests, but there are the following defects:

The battery test cost is high, especially the cycle life test, the test cycle is long and the cost is high;

The battery is charged and discharged many times, and the energy consumption is high;

The test is only aimed at the external output performance indicators of the whole battery, and cannot reveal the relationship between the structure, chemical composition and lead amount of the internal plates and grids and the performance of the battery;

The appearance of the battery does not change, but when the internal structure and chemical composition change, the user cannot understand the change, and thus cannot understand the corresponding performance change, which poses a risk to the quality control of the user.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting and analyzing the quality of the battery from a new dimension of investigation, which essentially detects and analyzes the quality of the battery, and then meets the quality control requirements of users.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a quality analysis method for storage battery, comprising:

(1) Measure the chemical composition content in the battery;

(2) Compare and analyze the battery quality by comparing the chemical composition content with the preset standard.

Preferably, the battery quality analysis method further includes the step of measuring the thickness of the grid of the battery and comparing the thickness of the grid with a preset standard to analyze the quality of the battery. More preferably, the battery grid thickness includes battery positive and negative grid outer frame thickness, positive and negative grid inner frame support plate thickness, positive and negative grid main conductive plate thickness and positive and negative electrode plate thickness.

Preferably, the chemical composition content in the accumulator includes the amount of lead and/or cadmium content; more preferably, the chemical composition content in the accumulator also includes the percentage of lead dioxide in the lead paste of the cooked positive plate and/or the overall cadmium content of the accumulator. Lead oxide conversion rate.

Preferably, the lead input amount of the storage battery includes: the lead input amount including the process ear, the lead input amount per ampere hour including the process ear, the lead input amount including the process ear and considering the process loss, the lead input amount excluding the process ear, The amount of lead per ampere-hour that does not include the process ear, the amount of lead that does not include the process ear and considers the loss of the process.

The amount of lead input including the process ear is the sum of the lead content of each component in the battery. The lead content of each part is the product of the mass of the corresponding part and the lead concentration. Therefore, in the present invention, the measurement of the amount of lead thrown into the storage battery actually includes two parts: the measurement of the quality of each component and the measurement of the lead concentration of each component.

The amount of lead per ampere hour including the process ear = the lead amount of the battery including the tab ÷ the capacity of the test battery;

The amount of lead input including the process ear and considering the process loss = the lead input amount per ampere hour including the process ear ÷ (1-process loss percentage);

Lead input amount of battery excluding process ears = lead input amount of batteries including process ears - quality of process ears × number × concentration of lead in process ears, where the lead concentration of process ears is equal to the lead concentration in the grid;

The amount of lead injected per ampere-hour excluding the process ear = the lead input amount excluding the process ear ÷ the capacity of the test battery;

Lead input amount excluding process ear and considering process loss = lead input amount per ampere hour excluding process ear ÷ (1-process loss percentage).

The cadmium content of the battery refers to the sum of the cadmium content of each component in the battery, and the cadmium content of each component is the product of the mass of the corresponding component and the cadmium concentration. Therefore, the measurement of the cadmium content of the battery in the present invention actually includes two parts: the measurement of the mass of each component and the measurement of the cadmium concentration of each component.

Preferably, the lead concentration and cadmium concentration of each component in the present invention can be measured by an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer measurement method. Specifically, the measurement method of the inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer is as follows:

(1) Completely digest the component sample in nitric acid solution;

(2) The resulting mixture is measured for lead or cadmium concentration by an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer.

The overall lead dioxide conversion rate of the battery refers to the ratio of the amount of lead dioxide in the cooked positive plate to the amount of lead in the battery. The amount of lead dioxide in the cooked positive plate is the product of the mass of the cooked positive plate and the percentage content of lead dioxide, so the measurement of the overall lead dioxide conversion rate of the battery also includes the percentage of lead dioxide in the cooked positive plate content measurement.

Preferably, the percentage of lead dioxide in the lead paste of the cooked positive plate in the present invention can be measured by potassium permanganate titration. More preferably, potassium permanganate titration method is as follows:

(1) The lead plaster sample is completely dissolved in the mixed solution of nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide;

(2) titrate the solution obtained in step (1) to the end point with potassium permanganate solution, and carry out a blank test;

(3) Calculate the content of lead dioxide by the obtained titration value.

Wherein the calculation formula of lead dioxide percentage content is:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; PbO</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; C</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; V</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; V</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.1196</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; G</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 100</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \%</span>$

C——Molar concentration of KMnO ₄ standard solution, mol/L

V ₀ ——the volume of KMnO ₄ standard solution consumed by the blank, milliliters;

V ₁ - the volume of KMnO ₄ standard solution consumed by the sample, milliliters;

0.1196 - the milligram equivalent of lead dioxide;

G—mass of lead paste sample; grams.

The key factor affecting the quality of the battery is in the final analysis the chemical composition of the battery. The discharge reaction of lead-acid battery is as follows:

Positive plate: P _b O ₂ +3H ⁺ +HSO4 ^- +2e ^- →PbSO ₄ +2H ₂ O (1-1)

Negative plate: Pb+HSO ₄ -→PbSO ₄ +H ⁺ +2e ^- (1-2)

Total reaction: PbO ₂ +2H ₂ SO ₄ +Pb→2PbSO ₄ +2H ₂ O (1-3)

When the storage battery is discharged, the electronic solid conductor, that is, the active material (the positive electrode is semiconductor PbO ₂ , and the negative electrode is metal Pb) reacts with sulfuric acid to produce non-conductive PbSO ₄ solid product, and the battery releases current during this process. After each discharge, the above-mentioned series of optimized conditions must be restored through the charging reaction, which is the reverse process of the reactions of formula (1-1) and formula (1-2).

_PbO2 and Pb are the active materials of the positive and negative plates of lead-acid batteries, respectively. Therefore, the amount of lead in the battery and the percentage of lead dioxide are closely related to the quality and performance of the battery. Determination of the amount of lead in the battery and the percentage of lead dioxide in the lead paste of the cooked positive plate can more essentially reflect the quality of the battery. The chemical composition analysis of the battery can not only obtain the specific distribution of lead, cadmium content and other components in the battery, but more importantly, the chemical composition analysis of the battery can ensure the quality and performance of the battery, and avoid the low-quality and shoddy communication valve-regulated lead in the market. Acid batteries effectively ensure the stable and normal operation of the communication equipment in the communication room.

Cadmium content is an important indicator of whether the battery meets the requirements of environmental protection.

After the grid is pasted, it becomes the battery plate. After research, it is found that the thickness of the positive grid determines the life of the battery, and the relationship between the thickness of the plate and the expected life of the battery is shown in the following table:

Grid thickness and expected life relationship table

Therefore, measuring battery grid thickness is particularly important for predicting battery life and controlling battery quality.

The storage battery quality analysis method provided by the invention detects and analyzes the quality of the storage battery from a brand new angle. It is different from the existing appearance inspection or charge and discharge inspection methods, but analyzes the quality and performance of the battery by testing the main chemical components inside the battery. It makes up for the defects that the existing test methods only focus on the appearance or only focus on the external output performance and indicators of the storage battery.

The storage battery detection method of the present invention starts from the relationship between the structure, chemical composition and lead input amount of the battery internal plates and grids and the performance of the battery, and through simple chemical composition analysis and thickness testing, the quality data of the battery can be obtained, and then the The battery is classified and quality controlled, which has the advantages of low test cost and short test time. Moreover, there is no need to charge and discharge the storage battery multiple times, and the energy consumption is low. More importantly, the method provided by the present invention focuses on the influence of the internal structure and chemical composition of the battery on the battery. The detection data provided by it is more reliable than the appearance or external output performance indicators of the prior art, and it is more reliable for the user's accurate quality control. is of great significance.

Detailed ways

Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, and it should be understood that the preferred embodiments described here are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Explanation of terms:

The grid mentioned in the present invention refers to the network support structure of the active material in the storage battery that participates in the flow reaction of the battery, and at the same time conducts the current to make the current distribution uniform.

The pole plate described in the present invention is composed of a grid and an active material.

The tabs mentioned in the present invention refer to the metal strips on both sides of the plate frame for supporting the plate and converging.

The process ear mentioned in the present invention refers to the ear that needs to be removed before the storage battery is made after the cooked plate is made.

The cooked pole plate mentioned in the present invention means that the green pole plate is subjected to chemical conversion treatment and then dried to become a cooked pole plate.

The raw electrode plate mentioned in the present invention refers to coating active materials on the grid, drying and curing to become a green electrode plate.

In order to illustrate the purpose of the present invention more clearly, the quality analysis method of the present invention is illustrated below with the process of a certain manufacturer's 2V400Ah storage battery quality analysis inspection as an example:

1. Determination of lead amount:

The battery lead is distributed in the following parts:

Positive plate grid, negative plate grid, positive plate (green plate) lead paste, negative plate (green plate) lead paste, poles and bus bars, lead in case cover.

1) Sampling plan

Lead paste: adopt the nine-point sampling method, respectively take three points from the top, middle and bottom of all the lead plates of the sample, mix the removed lead paste thoroughly and evenly, and accurately weigh 0.1g of it as a sample.

Grid: The nine-point sampling method is also adopted, and three points are respectively taken from the upper, middle and lower sides of the lead plate to remove the surface contamination of this part, and 0.1g is weighed as a sample.

Lead in poles and busbars: take samples at any 3 points, and accurately weigh 0.1g of them as a sample.

Lead in the shell cover: take a sample at any 3 points, and accurately weigh 0.1g of it as a sample.

2) Quality testing

Test content: the quality of the positive and negative grids; the quality of the positive and negative plates; the quality of the positive and negative plates; The mass of the copper core in the column; the shell cover mass, where:

The quality of the positive plate lead paste = the quality of the positive plate with tabs but without process tabs - the quality of the positive grid with process tabs + the quality of process tabs

The quality of lead paste on the negative plate = the quality of the negative plate with tabs but without process tabs - the mass of the negative grid with process tabs + the quality of process tabs

The mass of lead paste in the ripening plate = the quality of the ripening plate - the quality of the positive grid with craft lugs + the mass of craft lugs

Explanation: The quality of the positive and negative grid process lugs is obtained directly from the positive and negative grids with process ears.

Quality of positive pole and bus bar = quality of positive pole and bus bar provided by the manufacturer after sawing off the plate - mass of lugs welded into the internal positive plate - mass of copper core × number (if the pole of the manufacturer does not contain copper core, you do not need to subtract the quality of this part)

Among them: the calculation method of the lug mass of the positive plate welded into the interior is:

Measure the length H of the lug before welding (measure the length of the lug on the pole plate), measure the length h of the remaining lug after welding, and measure the width a, thickness b, and density of the lug. The density is 11.3g/cm3.

Then the mass of the lug welded into the positive plate (g) = (H-h) × a × b × 11.3 × number of positive plates

Mass of negative pole and bus bar = mass of negative pole and bus bar provided by the manufacturer after sawing off the plate - mass of negative plate lugs welded into the interior - mass of copper core × number (if the pole of the manufacturer does not contain copper core, you do not need to subtract the quality of this part)

Note: For the calculation method of the mass of the tab welded into the negative plate, refer to the calculation method of the mass of the tab welded into the positive plate.

The quality of the case cover = the quality of a single case cover × the number.

The mass of the remaining parts can be obtained by direct weighing.

The method of mass measurement: using a balance with an accuracy of 1g and 0.01g, the test adopts the method of weighing multiple times to obtain the average of different samples. For example, for the positive plates, use a balance with an accuracy of 1g to weigh the five positive plates respectively, and take the average of the results as the final mass.

3) Concentration test of lead and cadmium

Test instrument: inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer.

Test Methods:

Lead plaster: Weigh 0.1 gram of the sampled and mixed uniform lead paste sample, put it in a digestion tank, add 10ml of nitric acid solution, wherein the ratio of nitric acid to water is 3:1, seal the tank and place it in a microwave digestion apparatus, Digestion with preset programs. If the first digestion cannot be completely digested, add 2ml of nitric acid solution and digest again with microwave until it is completely digested.

After the digestion is complete and cooled, transfer the solution in the jar to a 100ml volumetric flask, making sure to rinse the jar more than 3 times and mix the rinse with the solution. The solution was made up to 100ml. Take out 10ml of the prepared solution with a micro-injector, inject it into a 1000ml volumetric flask, set the volume to the mark, mix well and prepare for testing on the machine.

Grid: Weigh 0.1 g of the grid after sampling and remove the surface treatment, add 10ml of nitric acid solution, wherein the ratio of nitric acid to water is 3:1, seal the jar and place it in a microwave digestion apparatus, and use the preset program for digestion. If it cannot be completely digested by the first digestion, add 2ml of nitric acid solution and digest again with microwave until it is completely negative.

After the digestion is complete and cooled, transfer the solution in the jar to a 100ml volumetric flask, making sure to rinse the jar more than 3 times and mix the rinse with the solution. The solution was made up to 100ml. Take out 10ml of the prepared solution with a micro-injector, inject it into a 1000ml volumetric flask, set the volume to the mark, mix well and prepare for testing on the machine.

The pre-treatment method of lead in the pole busbar and shell cover is the same as that of the grid, see the treatment method of the grid.

Refer to SJ/T 11365-2006 "Testing Methods for Toxic and Hazardous Substances in Electronic Information Products" for the test method of ICP on the computer

4) Calculation formula for the amount of lead in the battery including the process ear

The amount of lead in the storage battery including the process ear = (mass of positive grid × lead concentration in positive grid + mass of positive plate lead paste × lead concentration in positive plate lead paste) × number of positive plates + (mass of negative plate lead paste × Concentration of lead in the lead paste of the negative plate + mass of the negative plate grid × lead concentration in the negative plate) × number of negative plates + mass of poles and busbars × concentration of lead in poles and busbars + each The mass of lead in the contact part × number × lead concentration

The amount of lead per ampere-hour including the process ear = the lead-in amount of the battery including the tab ÷ the capacity of the test battery (Ampere-hour)

Including process lugs and considering 4% process loss lead input = lead input per ampere hour including process lugs ÷ 96%

5) Calculation formula for battery excluding process lugs:

Lead input amount excluding process ears = lead input amount of accumulator including process ears - quality of process ears × number × concentration of lead in process ears (lead concentration of process ears = lead concentration in grid)

The amount of lead injected per ampere-hour excluding the process ear = the lead input amount excluding the process ear ÷ the capacity of the test battery (Ampere-hour)

Lead input excluding process lugs and considering 4% process loss = lead input per ampere hour excluding process lugs ÷ 96%

2. Grid thickness test

Test tool: Vernier caliper with an accuracy of 0.02mm.

Test content:

Positive and negative grids: outer frame thickness, inner frame main conductive plate thickness, inner frame support plate thickness, positive and negative plate thickness.

Test program:

Outer frame thickness of the positive and negative grids: measure once at the midpoints of the four frames, and take the average of the four test results.

The thickness of the main conductive plate of the inner frame of the positive and negative grids: measure once at each of the four positions of the main conductive plate, and take the average of the four test results.

The thickness of the support plate of the inner frame of the positive and negative grids: measure once on each of four different support plates, and take the average of the four results.

Positive and negative plate thickness: measure once at the midpoints of the four frames, and take the average of the four test results.

The outer frame thickness of the positive and negative grids is taken as the thickness of the positive and negative grids.

3. Determination of the percentage content of lead dioxide in the positive plate (potassium permanganate titration method)

Reagents and utensils needed:

Nitric acid solution: the volume ratio of nitric acid to water is 1:1, and it does not contain nitrogen oxides.

Hydrogen peroxide solution: the volume ratio of hydrogen peroxide to water is 1:40.

Potassium permanganate: C(1/5KMnO ₄ )=0.1mol/L (preparation method: 3.16g potassium permanganate, dissolve in 1000ml water, boil slowly for 15min, cool to room temperature, filter to 1000ml, store in in a brown bottle).

Balance: precision 0.01mg; measuring cylinder: 1000ml, 50ml, 10ml; volumetric flask: 1000ml; beaker; glass rod; heating plate; filter paper; funnel; burette: 50ml, 10ml;

Sampling plan for the lead paste of the positive plate:

Using the nine-point sampling method, three points were taken from the top, middle and bottom of all the cooked plates, and the removed lead paste was fully mixed and evenly weighed, and 0.3g was accurately weighed as a sample.

Test Methods:

Weigh 0.3 grams of powdered lead paste sample, accurate to 0.0001 grams, add 1:1 HNO ₃ 9ml to a 100ml Erlenmeyer flask, add 6ml of 1:40 hydrogen peroxide solution accurately with a pipette, shake gently to make The sample is fully dissolved for about 30 minutes. When the lead dioxide is completely dissolved (carefully observe that there are no small bubbles, the dissolution is complete), titrate with 0.1mol/L potassium permanganate standard solution to light purple, and perform a blank test at the same time.

Result calculation:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; PbO</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; C</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; V</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; V</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0.1196</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; G</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 100</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \%</span>$

C——Molar concentration of KMnO ₄ standard solution, mol/L

V ₀ ——the volume of KMnO ₄ standard solution consumed by the blank, milliliters;

V ₁ - the volume of KMnO ₄ standard solution consumed by the sample, milliliters;

0.1196 - the milligram equivalent of lead dioxide;

G—sample mass; grams.

illustrate:

The percentage content of PbO ₂ refers to the percentage content of PbO ₂ in the lead paste of the positive electrode board. It is obtained directly by the above chemical detection.

The overall _PbO2 conversion rate of the storage battery refers to the ratio of the mass of _PbO2 in the positive plate to the amount of lead injected including the process ear and considering 4% process loss, and it is expressed in the form of a percentage.

The overall _PbO2 conversion rate of the storage battery = [(the quality of the lead paste in the cooked positive plate × the percentage of _PbO2 × the number of positive plates) ÷ including the process ear and considering the 4% process loss lead input amount] × 100%.

4. Battery quality analysis

The following is an explanation and analysis based on the actual test data of the manufacturer.

1) Lead dosage and cadmium test results

2) PbO ₂ test results

Percent content of _PbO2 in the positive plate (%) The overall _PbO2 conversion rate of the battery (%) 85.20% 33.51%

3) Grid thickness

4) Quality comparative analysis

5 Conclusion

By comparing the test results with the test requirements, the quality of a manufacturer's 2V400Ah battery meets the requirements.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still The technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some technical features thereof may be equivalently replaced. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a quality analysis method for storage battery, is characterized in that comprising the steps: (1) Measure the chemical composition content in the battery; (2) Compare and analyze the battery quality by comparing the chemical composition content with the preset standard. 2. The battery quality analysis method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of measuring the thickness of the grid of the battery and comparing the thickness of the grid with a preset standard to analyze the quality of the battery. 3. The battery quality analysis method according to claim 2, characterized in that the battery grid thickness includes the battery positive and negative grid outer frame thickness, the positive and negative grid inner frame support plate thickness, the positive and negative grid main conductive Plate thickness and positive and negative plate thickness. 4. The battery quality analysis method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the content of chemical components in the battery includes the amount of lead and/or cadmium content. 5. The battery quality analysis method according to claim 4, wherein the amount of lead input includes: the amount of lead input including the process ear, the amount of lead input per ampere hour including the process ear, including the process ear and considering process loss Lead input amount, lead input amount excluding process ear, lead input amount per ampere hour excluding process ear, lead input amount excluding process ear and process loss. 6. The quality analysis method of storage battery according to claim 4, characterized in that the measurement of the amount of lead and/or cadmium content is obtained by measuring the quality of each part, the concentration of lead and cadmium, wherein the concentration of lead and cadmium is obtained by inductive coupling Measured by plasma emission spectrometer. 7. The quality analysis method of storage battery according to claim 6, characterized in that the steps of measuring the concentration of lead and cadmium by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer method are as follows: (1) Completely digest the component sample in nitric acid solution; (2) The resulting mixture is measured for lead or cadmium concentration by an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer. 8. The quality analysis method of the accumulator according to claim 4, characterized in that the chemical composition content in the accumulator also includes the percentage of lead dioxide in the lead paste of the cooked positive plate and/or the whole lead dioxide of the accumulator conversion rate. 9. The quality analysis method for storage battery according to claim 8, characterized in that the percentage of lead dioxide in the lead paste of the cooked positive plate is measured by potassium permanganate titration. 10. the quality analysis method of storage battery according to claim 9, is characterized in that described potassium permanganate titration step is as follows: (1) The lead plaster sample is completely dissolved in the mixed solution of nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide; (2) titrate the solution obtained in step (1) to the end point with potassium permanganate solution, and carry out a blank test; (3) Calculate the content of lead dioxide by the obtained titration value.