CN102055628B - Method of available bandwidth measurement and close link circuit positioning based on single pack column - Google Patents
Method of available bandwidth measurement and close link circuit positioning based on single pack column Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method of available bandwidth measurement and close link circuit positioning based on a single pack column. The method comprises the following steps: a sending terminal sends a specific detection pack column to a destination node, calculates extension condition after the detection pack column passes each link circuit and round-trip time (RTT) detected by each detection pack according to a returned internet control massage protocol(ICMP) pack by the destination node, subsequently, positions a close link circuit according to the extension condition of the pack column, determines a deceleration pack corresponding to the round-trip time kept constant at the beginning, and calculating average sending velocity of the pack column when the deceleration pack is sent as a measured value of a path available bandwidth. In the invention, the close link circuit can be positioned and the available bandwidth value can be measured through sending the detection pack column for once. The method of available bandwidth measurement and close link circuit positioning based on the single pack column has the advantages of high measuring accuracy, quick detection speed, low invasion degree, strong toughness and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the network performance measurement field, particularly a kind of method of carrying out available bandwidth measurement and tight link location based on single bag row simultaneously.
Background technology
Available bandwidth refers under the situation that does not influence background flow transmission speed, the maximum data transfer rate that link can also provide for other streams.The minimum link of available bandwidth is called the tight link (Tight Link) of this paths in each section link.The available bandwidth of tight link is the available bandwidth in this section path just.Available bandwidth of end-to-end route is an important parameter of dynamically describing the network path transmittability, and it can effectively assess the actual bearer ability and the performance quality of a network path.Available bandwidth and tight link circuit condition reflection network performance situation are for monitoring network performance, diagnostic network operation conditions, to optimize network performance significant.Available bandwidth measurement and tight link are located for application such as the Dynamic Selection of congested control, Route Selection, Streaming Media application, server and service quality (QoS) checkings significant.
According to the difference of detection mode, present availability bandwidth measurement method can be divided into bag method, Bao Liefa are reached the availability bandwidth measurement method based on model.Bag utilizes bag that available bandwidth is estimated in the variation in the time interval in transmission course (Dispersion Time) to technology (Packet Pairs).Bag has gone out a lot of algorithms and instrument to derives from technology, like Spruce, IGI, Delphi, LinkPPQ etc.It is the hypothesis of same link that bag needs based on tight link and narrow link the commercial measurement available bandwidth, and measure error maybe be very big when this hypothesis was false.Bag row technology obtains available bandwidth value through sending row or multiple row detection packet, and its principle is to make path congestion through sending packet from the method for load, changes through the One Way Delay of detection packet in the analysis package row and estimates available bandwidth value.Adopt the typical method of bag row technology to have: Pathload, PathChirp, PTR,, YAZ, abget etc.The robustness of bag row commercial measurement available bandwidth is more intense with stability, but sensing lead is often bigger.Method of measurement based on model also is an important directions in available bandwidth measurement field; Basic thought is that the network of complicacy is simplified modeling; Estimate the path available bandwidth through combination model after sending a spot of detection flows collection routing information; This method is less to state of network own and the influence of background stream, but when model can not accurately be portrayed traffic characteristic, certainty of measurement will be difficult to guarantee.
More famous tightening link circuit positioning method has BFind, DRPS, STAB, Pathneck at present.The BFind method is to cause network congestion through continuous transmission UDP message conductance, and calculates tight link position the round-trip delay (RTT) of every the link that records from traceroute.Yet the BFind method produces a large amount of load bags in the one-time positioning process, and its invasion degree can not be ignored.The DRPS method is that packet periodic flow character is combined with the packet shutter concepts; Through controlling link congestion the switching time that changes speed; Locate tight link at receiving terminal through congested recognition technology; Its shortcoming is to depend on available bandwidth measurement, causes its positioning accuracy directly to receive the influence of available bandwidth measurement precision.The STAB method is carried out tight link location through the available bandwidth of measuring subpath, but it is with pathChirp algorithm estimator path available bandwidth, and certainty of measurement is not high and robustness is not enough, thereby influences tight link positioning accuracy.The Pathneck method has adopted recurrence bag row (RPT) technology to confirm the position of tight link; It need not to know the available bandwidth in subpath or whole piece path; Just can obtain positioning result more accurately; But it is based on the ICMP agreement, then can't not locate tight link if the node on the path is not opened the ICMP function.
In addition, a kind of method Pathtrait of the available bandwidth measurement based on tight link location is arranged, it orients tight link earlier, measures the link available bandwidth at tight link place again.Pathtrait equally needs the node on the path to open the ICMP function with Pathneck, and its available bandwidth measurement depends on tight link positioning result, if tight link location mistake, then the available bandwidth measurement result will directly be affected.
Although have the method and the method for measuring available bandwidth of the tight link in multiple location, only there is STAB in tight link position fixing process, can obtain the available bandwidth measurement value simultaneously.But because STAB adopts pathChirp algorithm estimator path available bandwidth; Certainty of measurement is not high and robustness is not enough; Cause the available bandwidth measurement precision not high with tight link positioning accuracy; And STAB need repeatedly send the detection packet row could accomplish one-shot measurement, and its sensing lead is bigger, and Measuring Time is longer.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of method of carrying out available bandwidth measurement and tight link location based on single bag row simultaneously.
In order to achieve the above object; What the present invention proposed is listed as the method for carrying out available bandwidth measurement and tight link location simultaneously based on single bag; Comprise: 1) transmitting terminal sends first localization package that a plurality of TTL (Time to live) thresholding progressively increases based on the length in path to be measured with mode back-to-back; Wherein, the TTL thresholding of maximum is not less than the interstitial content n of said link to be measured; 2) transmitting terminal is after having sent last first localization package; Continue to send the load bag that a plurality of TTL thresholdings are not less than n with mode back-to-back; And the destination interface of each load bag is set to unreachable port, feeds back to DU (ICMP destination-unreachable) bag so that can trigger the destination node end; 3) transmitting terminal has been after having sent last load bag, continues to send second localization package that a plurality of TTL thresholdings are progressively successively decreased with mode back-to-back again, and wherein, the TTL thresholding with one first localization package is identical respectively for the TTL thresholding of each second localization package; 4) transmitting terminal has been after having sent last second localization package, and again with the speed of the successively decreasing reduction of speed bag that to send a plurality of TTL thresholdings be n, and the destination interface of reduction of speed bag is set to unreachable port, feeds back to the DU bag so that also can trigger the destination node end; 5) the transmitting terminal DU bag that receives each TE (ICMP time-exceeded) bag of feeding back to based on corresponding first localization package and second localization package by each node of said link to be measured and feed back in each load bag and reduction of speed bag by the destination node end group; 6) time of reception of first localization package that equates based on the TTL thresholding that receives of transmitting terminal and each self-corresponding TE bag of second localization package is confirmed the extension situation of bag row process respective link, and then locatees tight link according to predetermined threshold; 7) transmitting terminal calculates and respectively wraps measured round-trip delay based on the transmitting time of sending each load bag and reduction of speed bag and receive each load bag and the time of reception of the corresponding DU bag of reduction of speed bag; 8) transmitting terminal confirms to begin the pairing reduction of speed bag of round-trip delay that keeps constant based on the measured round-trip delay of each bag; 9) transmitting terminal calculates and wraps the measured value of the average transmission rate of row as available bandwidth when determined reduction of speed bag sends.
In sum, method of carrying out available bandwidth measurement and tight link location simultaneously based on single bag row of the present invention only need can realize the measurement of tight link location and available bandwidth through sending bag row.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart that carries out the method for available bandwidth measurement and tight link location based on single bag row simultaneously of the present invention.
Fig. 2 carries out available bandwidth measurement simultaneously based on single bag row and lists intention with the bag that the method for tight link location is sent for of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the round-trip delay sketch map that method calculated that carries out available bandwidth measurement and tight link location based on single bag row simultaneously of the present invention.
Fig. 4 tests topological diagram for the constant background stream that emulation experiment adopted.
Fig. 5 tests topological diagram for the burst background stream that emulation experiment adopted.
Embodiment
See also Fig. 1, method of carrying out available bandwidth measurement and tight link location simultaneously based on single bag row of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
At first, in step S11, transmitting terminal sends first localization package that a plurality of TTL thresholdings progressively increase based on the length of link to be measured with mode back-to-back, and wherein, maximum TTL thresholding is not less than the interstitial content n of said link to be measured.For example, as shown in Figure 2, transmitting terminal with back-to-back mode send the TTL thresholding by 1 progressively increase to n n first localization package.For reducing tight link position error, the size of first localization package should be as far as possible little.
Then; In step S12, transmitting terminal continues to send the load bag that a plurality of TTL thresholdings are not less than n with mode back-to-back after sending last first localization package; And the destination interface of each load bag is set to unreachable port, feeds back to the DU bag so that can trigger the destination node end.As shown in Figure 2, transmitting terminal sends d load bag at once after having sent n first localization package, and the TTL thresholding of each load bag is n.
Then, in step S13, transmitting terminal continues to send second localization package that a plurality of TTL thresholdings are progressively successively decreased with mode back-to-back after having sent last load bag again; Wherein, the TTL thresholding with one first localization package is identical respectively for the TTL thresholding of each second localization package.As shown in Figure 2, transmitting terminal sends the TTL thresholding with mode back-to-back and progressively is decremented to 1 n second localization package from n, and second localization package adopts the bag with the identical size of first localization package.
Then; In step S14, transmitting terminal is after having sent last second localization package, again with the speed of the successively decreasing reduction of speed bag that to send a plurality of TTL thresholdings be n; And the destination interface of reduction of speed bag is set to unreachable port, feeds back to the DU bag so that also can trigger the destination node end.As shown in Figure 2; For example; Progressively reduce the average transmission rate that whole detection packet is listed as with exponential form when transmitting terminal sends the reduction of speed bag, for example, the average transmission rate Ri of bag row is the average transmission rate R that wraps row when sending i+1 reduction of speed bag when sending i reduction of speed bag
I+1α (α＞1) doubly etc.
Then, in step S15, the DU bag that transmitting terminal receives each TE bag of being fed back to based on corresponding first localization package and second localization package by each node of said link to be measured and fed back in each load bag and reduction of speed bag by the destination node end group.Will subtract 1 characteristic every after through an intermediate node based on TTL thresholding of transmitting terminal sent each bag; The detection packet row are through each intermediate node in path to be measured; All will have one first localization package and one second localization package is dropped because of the TTL thresholding is kept to 0; Thereby make this intermediate node feed back to 2 TE bags, and then transmitting terminal will be received 2n TE bag that returns from intermediate node to transmitting terminal.And because the TTL thresholding of each load bag and reduction of speed bag is not less than n, and destination interface is unreachable, so after each load bag and reduction of speed bag arrival destination node, can trigger destination node and feed back to DU (destination-unreachable) bag.So transmitting terminal can receive each DU bag that the destination node end feeds back to successively.
Then, in step S16, transmitting terminal is confirmed the bag row through the extension situation after the respective link based on the time of reception that receives each self-corresponding TE bag of the first equal localization package of TTL thresholding and second localization package, and then locatees tight link according to predetermined threshold.For example; Transmitting terminal will receive 2n TE bag that returns from intermediate node; And the time interval of 2 the TE bags (promptly according to the TE bag of first localization package feedback and the TE bag that feeds back to according to second localization package) that arrive from the priority of same node is the bag row through the bag row length behind this node previous dive path; The n that returns according to n node can obtain wrapping the bag row length that is listed as through behind every section link to the TE bag; Promptly know the extension situation after the bag row are through every link, subsequently, transmitting terminal will extend and orientate the tight link in path to be measured above the final jump link of predetermined threshold as.
Then, in step S17, transmitting terminal calculates and respectively wraps measured round-trip delay based on the transmitting time of each load bag and reduction of speed bag and the time of reception of each load bag and the corresponding DU bag of reduction of speed bag.For example; Transmitting terminal has sent i load bag at 12:30:00; Receive the DU bag that destination node feeds back to based on i load bag at 12:30:05, be: 12:30:05-12:30:00=5 second so transmitting terminal can calculate the bag round-trip delay of i load bag.
Then, in step S18, transmitting terminal confirms to begin the pairing reduction of speed bag of round-trip delay that keeps constant based on the measured round-trip delay of each bag.Because the send mode of bag row is to lean against earlier to send some load bags privately, these wrap in tight link and constantly pile up, and queuing delay constantly increases, and cause the queuing delay of the reduction of speed bag of back transmission also will increase gradually, thereby round-trip delay also increase gradually.When the average transmission rate of bag row drops to a certain degree; The accumulation situation of packet is alleviated gradually in the buffering area at tight link place; The queuing delay of detection packet reduces gradually, thereby round-trip delay also reduces gradually, congested lucky elimination when certain detection packet arrives tight link; To remain unchanged from the measured round-trip delay of each detection packet of this packet start so, Bao Liezhong respectively wraps measured round-trip delay and changes as shown in Figure 3.Can know that by above-mentioned analysis transmitting terminal is based on the variation of each round-trip delay that is calculated, can confirm to begin the pairing reduction of speed bag of round-trip delay that keeps constant.For example from k reduction of speed packet start, the round-trip delay that calculates reaches unanimity basically, keeps the constant pairing reduction of speed bag of round-trip delay to start with so transmitting terminal can be confirmed k reduction of speed bag.
Then, in step S19, transmitting terminal calculates and wraps the measured value of the Mean Speed of row as available bandwidth when this bag sends based on determined reduction of speed bag.The computing formula of available bandwidth value avbw is following:
Wherein, S
1Be the size of load bag and reduction of speed bag, S
2Size for localization package; D is the number of load bag; K is the sequence number that round-trip delay drops to constant reduction of speed bag; T is for from beginning to send the 1st load bag to sending k needed time of reduction of speed bag, and m is the number (number that arrives second localization package at tight link place also is m) of first localization package that arrives tight link place.
Need to prove, the order that it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that above-mentioned each step be not with shown in exceed, in fact, step S16 also can carry out after step S17, can also after step S18, carry out or the like.
One: experimental verification
For verifying measurement performance of the present invention, the NS2 that uses the network research field extensively to adopt carries out emulation experiment.Because this method is an end-to-end measurement instrument, therefore adopt the experiment topology of having only a linear trunk path, each router all adopts the scheduling strategy of first in first out in the topology, and buffering area adopts the tail drop strategy.All links are the link of bi-directional symmetrical in the topology, and capacity is 100Mbps.
1 constant background stream situation
The experiment topology is as shown in Figure 4, and transmitting terminal Snd passes through router n1 successively to the path P of receiving terminal Rcv, n2, and n3...n8, background stream 1 is for running through n1, and the constant bit rate background of n2...n8 flows, and it is an independent background stream; The constant bit rate background that background stream 2 and background stream 3 only are respectively through L4 and L7 flows, and they flow by many constant background and mix, and in experimentation, control the flow size variation on L4 and the L7 through each background stream and concluding time are set.
A 1.1 tight link condition
In topology shown in Figure 4; The permanent 30Mbps of being of flow size of background stream 1 is set; The permanent 10Mbps of being of size of background stream 2 is set, and the size of 0-10 background second stream 3 is 40Mbps, and the size of 10-20 background second stream 3 becomes 30Mbps; The size of 20-30 background second stream 3 becomes 20Mbps, and the bag size is 1000bytes.After being provided with like this; The last flow size of L4 perseverance is 40Mbps, and the last flow size of L7 moves closer to but permanent in the size of the flow on the L4, and tight link perseverance is L7 in the whole measuring process; But move closer to the flow on the L4 along with L7 goes up flow, the difficulty of locating tight link also strengthens gradually.
Experimental result is as shown in table 1, and tight link location and available bandwidth measurement accuracy are all very high.In 22 measuring processes, tight link location is all correct; The available bandwidth measurement error is all very little, and maximum relative error is merely 2.18%, and average relative error is 0.86%.The experimental result explanation, method of the present invention is under the single tight link condition of constant background stream, and tight link location and available bandwidth measurement precision height and robustness are strong.
Table 1: single tight link experimental result
1.2 tight link condition two
In topology shown in Figure 4; The permanent 30Mbps of being of size of background stream 1 is set, and the size of 0-10 background second stream 2 and 3 is all 30Mbps, and the size of 10-20 background second stream 2 and 3 all becomes 20Mbps; The size of 20-30 background second stream 2 and 3 all becomes 10Mbps, and the bag size is 1000bytes.In whole measuring process, L4 is big or small identical and big or small greater than the flow on other links with the flow on the L7, and promptly L4 and L7 are all tight link.And pathrader only provides a link as positioning result at every turn, should provide the tight link of article one as positioning result according to its algorithm thought, and promptly should provide L4 is correct positioning result.Be provided with in experiment that flow on two tight links reduces gradually so that move closer to, thereby increase tight link positioning difficulty gradually, more effectively verify the performance of pathrader with the flow size of their adjacent link.
Experimental result is as shown in table 2,2 tight link location mistakes in 22 experimentations, and the result of this twice location of mistake is the tight link L7 of second, and the location relative error is 9.09%, shows good locating effect; The maximum relative error of available bandwidth measurement is 2.01%, and average relative error is 0.82%, shows very high accuracy and very strong robustness.
Table 2 two-restriction link experimental result
2 burst background stream situation
The experiment topology is as shown in Figure 5; Background on link L4 stream meets stream that Pareto distributes by 100 and compiles and form; Background on link L7 stream meets stream that Pareto distributes by 200 and compiles and form; To simulate paroxysmal background stream, the bag size of Pareto stream is set to: the bag size is respectively 50%, 40%, 10%, Pareto distribution shape parameter alpha=1.9 for packet shared ratio in load of 40/550/1500bytes.This is because show the self similarity characteristic after the stream polymerization that the Pareto of a plurality of obedience parameter alpha＜2 distributes.Packet sending speed on L4 and the L7 is respectively 20Mbps and 40Mbps; Being provided with like this is for L4 and L7 go up the flow difference in size comparatively obviously with clear and definite tight link position, otherwise maybe since L4 and L7 upward the burst variation of background traffic cause tight link position frequent variations to be difficult to clearly measure the tight link position in the moment.
Measurement result is as shown in table 3, in 22 measuring processes, occurs the location mistake 1 time, and the position error rate is 4.55%; The maximum relative error of available bandwidth measurement is 11.2%, and the average measurement relative error is 3.13%, and except that once, relative error is all less than 10%.Explain that under the burst background, pathrader carries out tight link location and available bandwidth measurement still shows very high certainty of measurement and very strong robustness.
Table 3 burst background flows down experimental result
Two, performance evaluation:
1, certainty of measurement
The inventive method carry out tight link location be when finding last bag row to extend to surpass certain threshold value the link of process as tight link.Since bag row through the extension situation behind the link wrapped the input rate that is listed in this link, background flow rate and the link capacity on this section link influences jointly; Bag row extension situation can not be as whole foundations of judging tight link; Therefore locating tight link in theory has certain error, and the selection of judgment threshold also can influence positioning accuracy.
Owing to show a series of ever-reduced discrete values in the transmission rate decline process of the row of the bag among the present invention, when available bandwidth value to be measured is between certain adjacent two value, will inevitably produce theoretical error.Theoretical error is influenced by decrement factor setting, and the more little theoretical error of decrement factor is more little.
In the actual measurement process; The round-trip delay of detection packet is influenced by the flow size on the reverse path; Thereby confirm that according to judging the bag that round-trip delay begins to keep constant available bandwidth may produce error; But Measuring Time of the present invention is very short, and the possibility that the flow size variation in very short time on the reverse path is very big is very little, therefore reverse background rheologyization to certainty of measurement produce to influence meeting smaller.
2, Measuring Time
The time that the present invention accomplishes one-shot measurement (comprising tight link location and available bandwidth measurement) is the time that begins to send the bag row only to begin to be held constant to confirm round-trip delay to receiving certain ICMP bag.Measuring Time of the present invention is wrapped the influence of row transmission rate decrease speed and detection packet round-trip delay.Wherein wrapping row transmission rate decrease speed influenced by being provided with of initial fall off rate and decrement factor.Generally, just can accomplish measurement because the present invention sends detection packet row, Measuring Time is very short.
3, sensing lead
Sensing lead refers to the load capacity that produced in the one-shot measurement process.One-shot measurement of the present invention sends bag row, and the actual negative carrying capacity of these bag row is sensing lead.Sensing lead of the present invention is relevant with the number of load bag, the number of localization package, initial fall off rate, decrement factor and available bandwidth value to be measured.Through reasonable parameter is set, sensing lead of the present invention is controlled in the very little scope.
4, robustness
Because the present invention carries out that the time of tight link location is very short, the possibility of the background rheologyization on the path is very little in a short period of time, so the present invention's background stream that happened suddenly influences for a short time, and robustness is strong.Can know that by Fig. 3 the overall variation tendency of the round-trip delay value of bag row is to rise earlier afterwards to drop to constantly, in this process, can cause and rises or the downward trend difference if receive the influence of burst background stream.If background stream flow increases, then detection flows queuing aggravation, round-trip delay descends and slows down, and then the sequence number of the round-trip delay bag that begins to keep constant increases, and measured available bandwidth value reduces; Otherwise if background stream flow reduces, then the detection flows queuing slows down, and round-trip delay descends and accelerates, and then the round-trip delay sequence number that drops to the detection packet that begins to keep constant reduces, and measured available bandwidth value increases.This has just guaranteed that the present invention flows down in the burst background and has carried out available bandwidth measurement and have higher robustness.
In sum; Method of carrying out available bandwidth measurement and tight link location simultaneously based on single bag row of the present invention has realized being listed in single-ended tight link location and the available bandwidth measurement of carrying out simultaneously through single bag, and certainty of measurement of the present invention is high, measuring speed is fast, the invasion degree is low, robustness is strong.
The foregoing description is just listed expressivity principle of the present invention and effect is described, but not is used to limit the present invention.Any personnel that are familiar with this technology all can make amendment to the foregoing description under spirit of the present invention and scope.Therefore, rights protection scope of the present invention should be listed like claims.
Claims (2)
1. one kind is carried out the method for available bandwidth measurement and tight link location simultaneously based on single bag row, it is characterized in that comprising:
1) transmitting terminal sends first localization package that a plurality of TTL (Time to live) thresholding progressively increases based on the length of link to be measured with mode back-to-back, and wherein, maximum TTL thresholding is not less than the interstitial content n of said link to be measured;
2) transmitting terminal is after sending last first localization package; Continue to send the load bag that a plurality of TTL thresholdings are not less than n with mode back-to-back; And the destination interface of each load bag is set to unreachable port, feeds back to DU (ICMP destination-unreachable) bag so that can trigger the destination node end;
3) transmitting terminal has been after having sent last load bag, continues to send second localization package that a plurality of TTL thresholdings are progressively successively decreased with mode back-to-back again, and wherein, the TTL thresholding with one first localization package is corresponding identical respectively for the TTL thresholding of each second localization package;
4) transmitting terminal has been after having sent last second localization package, and again with the speed of the successively decreasing reduction of speed bag that to send a plurality of TTL thresholdings be n, and the destination interface of reduction of speed bag is set to unreachable port, feeds back to the DU bag so that also can trigger the destination node end;
5) the transmitting terminal DU bag that receives each TE (ICMP time-exceeded) bag of feeding back to based on corresponding first localization package and second localization package by each node of said link to be measured and feed back in each load bag and reduction of speed bag by the destination node end group;
6) time of reception of first localization package that equates based on the TTL thresholding that receives of transmitting terminal and each self-corresponding TE bag of second localization package is confirmed the extension situation of bag row process respective link, and then locatees tight link according to predetermined threshold; Be that transmitting terminal will receive 2n TE bag that returns from intermediate node; And 2 TE bags that arrive from the priority of same node; Be that the bag row are through the bag row length behind this node previous dive path promptly according to the TE bag of first localization package feedback with according to the time interval that the TE that second localization package feeds back to wraps; The n that returns according to n node can obtain wrapping the bag row length that is listed as through behind every section link to the TE bag; Promptly know the extension situation after the bag row are through every link, subsequently, transmitting terminal will extend and orientate the tight link in path to be measured above the final jump link of predetermined threshold as;
7) transmitting terminal calculates and respectively wraps measured round-trip delay based on the transmitting time of sending each load bag and reduction of speed bag and receive each load bag and the time of reception of the corresponding DU bag of reduction of speed bag;
8) transmitting terminal confirms to begin the pairing reduction of speed bag of round-trip delay that keeps constant based on the measured round-trip delay of each bag;
9) transmitting terminal calculates the average transmission rate that determined reduction of speed encapsulates bag row when sending, and with the measured value of said average transmission rate as available bandwidth;
According to computes available bandwidth value avbw:
Wherein, S
1Be the size of load bag and reduction of speed bag, S
2Be the size of localization package, d is the number of load bag, and k is the sequence number that round-trip delay drops to constant reduction of speed bag, and t sends k needed time of reduction of speed bag for beginning to send to from the bag row, and m is the number that arrives first localization package at tight link place.
2. as claimed in claim 1ly carry out the method for available bandwidth measurement and tight link location simultaneously based on single bag row, it is characterized in that: the transmission rate of reduction of speed bag is successively decreased with exponential form.
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| CN101895417A (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2010-11-24 | 同济大学 | Positioning method for tight link based on available bandwidth of subpaths |
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| CN1658583A (en) * | 2005-03-10 | 2005-08-24 | 同济大学 | Method for measuring end-to-end available bandwidth based on network compact link position |
| CN101018161A (en) * | 2006-09-08 | 2007-08-15 | 中山大学 | A link, path, and network availability bandwidth measurement method |
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