CN102043082A - Conical capacitive transducer - Google Patents
Conical capacitive transducer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102043082A CN102043082A CN201010519761XA CN201010519761A CN102043082A CN 102043082 A CN102043082 A CN 102043082A CN 201010519761X A CN201010519761X A CN 201010519761XA CN 201010519761 A CN201010519761 A CN 201010519761A CN 102043082 A CN102043082 A CN 102043082A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a conical capacitive transducer. The transducer comprises a first cone and a second cone which are coaxial, wherein a closed space is arranged in the first cone, the second cone is positioned in the closed space, and a dielectric membrane is filled between the inner surface of the first cone and the outer surface of the second cone; the bottom surface of the first cone is used as a high voltage electrode, and can form a high voltage arm capacitor with an external conductor and filling gas between the conductor and the bottom surface; the second cone is used as a low voltage electrode, and can form a low voltage arm capacitor with the conical lateral wall of the first cone and the dielectric membrane; and the conical top of the second cone is connected with a joint of a coaxial cable, and the other end of the coaxial cable is used as a signal output end. The low voltage arm capacitor formed in the conical capacitive transducer is larger than the low voltage arm capacitor of a flat capacitive transducer with the same induction area, so the conical capacitive transducer has large ratio; and the dimension in the voltage wave propagation direction gradually changes, so smooth transition of wave impedance is realized without forming reflection or refraction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the high voltage measuring technology, relate in particular to a kind of taper capacitive transducer.
Background technology
Gas-insulated switch (Gas Insulated Switchgear, be called for short GIS)/half gas-insulated switch (Half GIS, abbreviation HGIS) it is little to have floor area, and good airproof performance is affected by environment little, the operational reliability height, time between overhauls(TBO) is long, and maintenance workload is few, the low remarkable advantage that waits of operating cost, electrical network has obtained widespread use in China, and successful Application to extra-high voltage experiment and demonstration engineering.When the disconnector among the GIS, grounding switch and breaker operator, can produce the very fast transient overvoltage (Very Fast Transient Overvoltage is called for short VFTO) of amplitude higher (reaching as high as 3p.u.), steepness very big (the wave head time can be low to moderate several ns), frequency very high (reaching as high as 100MHz).Equipment safety operation has been constituted serious threat.
The VFTO rise time extremely short (only counting ns), and be the influence that is superimposed on the power-frequency voltage and is subjected to residual charge (its equivalent frequency is near direct current), therefore require measuring system not only to have very high upper limiting frequency (MHz up to a hundred), but also require enough low lower frequency limit (several Hz).
In addition; follow VFTO can produce very high transient state voltage-to-ground (Transient Earth Voltage; be called for short TEV); with very strong space electromagnetic interference (EMI); therefore the measurement of VFTO has many singularity; require the response time of surveying instrument very short, frequency band is very wide, and will take stronger protection and interference protection measure.
VFTO measures the main capacity plate antenna sensor that adopts the plate electrode structure at present, but the low-voltage capacitance of this capacity plate antenna sensor causes no-load voltage ratio less for a short time, and the scope of its frequency response is narrower, can make to measure that the RC time constant diminishes in the loop, thereby make the LF-response variation, frequency band narrows down; In addition, the plate electrode structural impedance is difficult to and measures cable resistance and is complementary, and can produce catadioptric situation, and catadioptric waveform can be added on the voltage waveform of measuring, and causes oscillating waveform and distortion.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of taper capacitive transducer, can have bigger no-load voltage ratio, and waveform concussion and the distortion that can avoid catadioptric to cause.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of taper capacitive transducer, comprising:
The first coaxial cone and second cone have a confined space in described first cone, and described second cone is arranged in described confined space, are filled with dielectric film between the outside surface of the inside surface of described first cone and second cone;
The bottom surface of described first cone is as high-field electrode, can and the conductor of outside, and conductor and described bottom surface between blanketing gas formation high-voltage arm electric capacity;
Described second cone can constitute low-voltage arm electric capacity with the tapered sidewalls and the described dielectric film of described first cone as low-field electrode;
The vertex of a cone of described second cone links to each other with the connector of concentric cable, and the other end of described concentric cable is as signal output part.
In technique scheme, because the lateral area of cone is greater than floorage, therefore the low-voltage arm electric capacity that forms makes that greater than the low-voltage arm electric capacity of capacity plate antenna sensor under the same induction area no-load voltage ratio of taper capacitive transducer of the present invention is bigger; Because the size of cone capacitive transducer on the voltage wave direction of propagation is gradual change, and this gradual manner has realized seamlessly transitting of wave impedance, and can not form catadioptric.
Further, the other end of described concentric cable also is connected with coaxial integrator, and the shell of described coaxial integrator adopts the hollow cylinder structure.Coaxial integrator has increased the discharge time constant of the VFTO measuring system that the taper capacitive transducer constitutes, and can the LF-response of taper capacitive transducer be compensated, thereby improves the low frequency characteristic of taper capacitive transducer.
Optionally, described coaxial integrator is a rc integrating circuit, and the Standard resistance range of the resistance in the described rc integrating circuit is preferably 10 Ω-1k Ω, and the Standard resistance range of electric capacity is preferably 1pF-1nF, if outside preferred Standard resistance range, then can cause waveform reduction effect variation.
Further, described first cone and second cone are complementary from the bottom surface to the connector that vertex of a cone dimensional structure is reduced to gradually with described concentric cable.The gradual change of this dimensional structure on the voltage wave direction of propagation, realized cone wave impedance seamlessly transitting to the concentric cable wave impedance, form being complementary of internal driving, and the internal driving coupling has almost been stopped the catadioptric that voltage wave transmits in the taper capacitive transducer.
Further, the material of described first cone and second cone is a metal, and because of the structure of coaxial cone, the metal cone shell has avoided electromagnetic wave to enter measuring system interferometry waveform around cone simultaneously.
Optionally, the material of described dielectric film is pi, tygon or teflon.
Optionally, described blanketing gas is air, nitrogen or sulfur hexafluoride gas.
Optionally, the connector of described concentric cable is the banana joint, and the material of described banana joint is a metal.
Optionally, the material of the shell of described coaxial integrator is a metal.It is in order to shield external interference that the integrator shell adopts metal.
Based on technique scheme, the low-voltage arm electric capacity that forms in the taper capacitive transducer of the present invention makes that greater than the low-voltage arm electric capacity of capacity plate antenna sensor under the same induction area no-load voltage ratio of taper capacitive transducer is bigger; Because the size of cone capacitive transducer on the voltage wave direction of propagation is gradual change, and this gradual manner has realized seamlessly transitting of wave impedance, and can not form catadioptric.The frequency response scope of taper capacitive transducer of the present invention is wideer than traditional capacity plate antenna sensor, can better measure the VFTO waveform; Also adopted coaxial integrator in another embodiment, made the low frequency characteristic of taper capacitive transducer improve, and can satisfy different measurement requirement, more be applicable to actual measurement by adjusting coaxial integrator.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the application's a part, and illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation thereof are used to explain the present invention, do not constitute improper qualification of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of an embodiment of taper capacitive transducer of the present invention.
The wave rear that Fig. 2 goes out for taper capacitive transducer examples measure of the present invention is the waveform synoptic diagram of 800 μ s.
The rising edge that Fig. 3 goes out for taper capacitive transducer examples measure of the present invention is the waveform synoptic diagram of 8n s.
Embodiment
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, be the structural representation of an embodiment of taper capacitive transducer of the present invention.In the present embodiment, the taper capacitive transducer comprises the first coaxial cone 1 and second cone 2, have a confined space in first cone 1, second cone 2 is arranged in this confined space, is filled with dielectric film 3 between the outside surface of the inside surface of first cone 1 and second cone 2.The material of dielectric film 3 can adopt pi, tygon or teflon, also can adopt other general dielectric substances.First cone 1 can be located in the shell 9, shell 9 ground connection.
The vertex of a cone 21 of second cone 2 links to each other with the connector 61 of concentric cable 6, and the other end 62 of concentric cable 6 is as signal output part.
The bottom surface 11 of first cone 1 is as high-field electrode, can and the conductor 4 of outside, and conductor 4 and bottom surface 11 between blanketing gas 5 formation high-voltage arm electric capacity.Blanketing gas 5 can adopt air, nitrogen or sulfur hexafluoride gas etc.Second cone 2 can constitute low-voltage arm electric capacity with the tapered sidewalls 12 and the dielectric film 3 of first cone 1 as low-field electrode.The low-voltage arm electric capacity of Xing Chenging makes that greater than the low-voltage arm electric capacity of existing capacity plate antenna sensor under the same induction area no-load voltage ratio of taper capacitive transducer of the present invention is bigger thus, and then realizes wideer frequency response scope.
In the present embodiment, the cone capacitive transducer has pyramidal structure, first cone and second cone are complementary from the bottom surface to the connector that vertex of a cone dimensional structure is reduced to gradually with concentric cable, the size of this cone structure on the voltage wave direction of propagation is gradual change, and this gradual manner has realized cone wave impedance seamlessly transitting to the concentric cable wave impedance, form being complementary of internal driving, thereby avoid forming catadioptric, and then avoid the oscillating waveform and the distortion that cause because of catadioptric.
In another embodiment, the other end 62 of concentric cable 6 can also connect coaxial integrator 7, and the shell of coaxial integrator 7 can adopt the hollow cylinder structure, and the material of this shell can adopt the metal of maskable external interference.Coaxial integrator 6 can adopt the comparatively simple and typical rc integrating circuit of structure, also can adopt the integrating circuit of other typical structures, can the LF-response of taper capacitive transducer be compensated by integrating circuit, thereby improve low frequency characteristic, coaxial configuration also can avoid taking place catadioptric, to guarantee the accuracy of signal.
The Standard resistance range of the resistance 71 in the rc integrating circuit can be taken as 1k Ω-10k Ω, and the Standard resistance range of electric capacity 72 can be taken as 1pF-1nF.Can be according to different measurement requirement by adjusting the value of electric capacity or resistance, so that be applicable to actual measurement situation more.
In the various embodiments described above, the material of first cone and second cone can adopt and be easy to conductive metallic material, and because of the structure of coaxial cone, the metal cone shell can avoid electromagnetic wave to enter measuring system interferometry waveform around cone simultaneously.The connector of concentric cable can adopt the banana joint of engineering metal material commonly used, also can adopt other can guarantee coaxial engineering joint design.
When applying voltage on the conductor 4, by high-voltage arm electric capacity and the low-voltage arm electric capacity that is constituted in the taper capacitive transducer, the connector of concentric cable 6 is obtained the voltage after partial signal, this voltage signal is transferred to coaxial integrator 7, restore voltage waveform by coaxial integrator 7, and demonstrate the voltage waveform of measurement by oscillograph 8.
As shown in Figure 2, the wave rear that goes out for taper capacitive transducer examples measure of the present invention is the waveform synoptic diagram of 1000 μ s, and wherein A is the primary voltage waveform, and B records waveform for the taper capacitive transducer.Taper capacitive transducer Well-recovered to long wave coda wave shape as can be seen from Figure 2, promptly LF-response is good.
As shown in Figure 3, the rising edge that goes out for taper capacitive transducer examples measure of the present invention is the waveform synoptic diagram of 7n s, and wherein A is the primary voltage waveform, and B records waveform for the taper capacitive transducer.The reduction rising edge that the taper capacitive transducer can be intact is at 7ns and above voltage waveform thereof as can be seen from Figure 3, and promptly high frequency response is good.This illustrates high fdrequency component that reflects the VFTO waveform and low frequency component that this sensor can be complete.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: all or part of step that realizes said method embodiment can be finished by the relevant hardware of programmed instruction, aforesaid program can be stored in the computer read/write memory medium, this program is carried out the step that comprises said method embodiment when carrying out; And aforesaid storage medium comprises: various media that can be program code stored such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disc or CD.
Should be noted that at last: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit; Although with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can make amendment or the part technical characterictic is equal to replacement the specific embodiment of the present invention; And not breaking away from the spirit of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the technical scheme scope that the present invention asks for protection.
Claims (10)
1. taper capacitive transducer comprises:
The first coaxial cone and second cone have a confined space in described first cone, and described second cone is arranged in described confined space, are filled with dielectric film between the outside surface of the inside surface of described first cone and second cone;
The bottom surface of described first cone is as high-field electrode, can and the conductor of outside, and conductor and described bottom surface between blanketing gas formation high-voltage arm electric capacity;
Described second cone can constitute low-voltage arm electric capacity with the tapered sidewalls and the described dielectric film of described first cone as low-field electrode;
The vertex of a cone of described second cone links to each other with the connector of concentric cable, and the other end of described concentric cable is as signal output part.
2. taper capacitive transducer according to claim 1, the other end of wherein said concentric cable also is connected with coaxial integrator, and the shell of described coaxial integrator adopts the hollow cylinder structure.
3. taper capacitive transducer according to claim 2, wherein said coaxial integrator is a rc integrating circuit.
4. taper capacitive transducer according to claim 3, the Standard resistance range of the resistance in the wherein said rc integrating circuit are 1k Ω-10k Ω, and the Standard resistance range of electric capacity is 1pF-1nF.
5. taper capacitive transducer according to claim 1, wherein said first cone and second cone are complementary from the bottom surface to the connector that vertex of a cone dimensional structure is reduced to gradually with described concentric cable.
6. taper capacitive transducer according to claim 1, the material of wherein said first cone and second cone is a metal.
7. taper capacitive transducer according to claim 1, the material of wherein said dielectric film are pi, tygon or teflon.
8. taper capacitive transducer according to claim 1, wherein said blanketing gas are air, nitrogen or sulfur hexafluoride gas.
9. taper capacitive transducer according to claim 1, the connector of wherein said concentric cable are the banana joint, and the material of described banana joint is a metal.
10. taper capacitive transducer according to claim 2, the material of the shell of wherein said coaxial integrator are metal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010519761XA CN102043082A (en) | 2010-10-26 | 2010-10-26 | Conical capacitive transducer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010519761XA CN102043082A (en) | 2010-10-26 | 2010-10-26 | Conical capacitive transducer |
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| CN102043082A true CN102043082A (en) | 2011-05-04 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103401536A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-11-20 | 国家电网公司 | Nanosecond pulse shaping and leading edge sharpening device |
| CN103837805A (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-06-04 | 云南电力试验研究院（集团）有限公司电力研究院 | GIS thunder voltage resisting testing device used on site |
| CN107576835A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-01-12 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of special fast transient overvoltage measuring system |
| CN110346650A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-10-18 | 大连海事大学 | The taper capacitance detecting device of micro- plastics in a kind of detection water |
| CN110501619A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-26 | 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of high frequency response partial pressure measuring apparatus |
| CN111220832A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-06-02 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Overvoltage detection sensor processing method and overvoltage detection sensor |
-
2010
- 2010-10-26 CN CN201010519761XA patent/CN102043082A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103401536A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-11-20 | 国家电网公司 | Nanosecond pulse shaping and leading edge sharpening device |
| CN103401536B (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2016-02-10 | 国家电网公司 | Nanosecond pulse shaping and forward position sharpening device |
| CN103837805A (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-06-04 | 云南电力试验研究院（集团）有限公司电力研究院 | GIS thunder voltage resisting testing device used on site |
| CN107576835A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-01-12 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of special fast transient overvoltage measuring system |
| CN110346650A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-10-18 | 大连海事大学 | The taper capacitance detecting device of micro- plastics in a kind of detection water |
| CN110501619A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-26 | 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of high frequency response partial pressure measuring apparatus |
| CN110501619B (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-11-12 | 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | High-frequency response partial pressure measuring device |
| CN111220832A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-06-02 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Overvoltage detection sensor processing method and overvoltage detection sensor |
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Application publication date: 20110504 |