CN102027169B - 消毒湿揩巾 - Google Patents
消毒湿揩巾 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102027169B CN102027169B CN200980117031.2A CN200980117031A CN102027169B CN 102027169 B CN102027169 B CN 102027169B CN 200980117031 A CN200980117031 A CN 200980117031A CN 102027169 B CN102027169 B CN 102027169B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- peroxide
- wet wipe
- acid
- germicidal solution
- peracid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 11
- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- XXQBEVHPUKOQEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium superoxide Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][O-] XXQBEVHPUKOQEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AQLJVWUFPCUVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO.NC(N)=O AQLJVWUFPCUVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- DRTNVNKYVPOWCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-trichloroethaneperoxoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl DRTNVNKYVPOWCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XYPISWUKQGWYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-trifluoroethaneperoxoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C(F)(F)F XYPISWUKQGWYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VWNSYHZUZUFFDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dichloroethaneperoxoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C(Cl)Cl VWNSYHZUZUFFDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JSQPGNJFQUOEPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethaneperoxoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)CCl JSQPGNJFQUOEPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LJGHYPLBDBRCRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3-aminophenyl)sulfonylaniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(S(=O)(=O)C=2C=C(N)C=CC=2)=C1 LJGHYPLBDBRCRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YNJSNEKCXVFDKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(5-amino-1h-indol-3-yl)-2-azaniumylpropanoate Chemical compound C1=C(N)C=C2C(CC(N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 YNJSNEKCXVFDKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NHQDETIJWKXCTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloroperbenzoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 NHQDETIJWKXCTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004343 Calcium peroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- SPAGIJMPHSUYSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium peroxide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][O-] SPAGIJMPHSUYSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZJRXSAYFZMGQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium peroxide Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][O-] ZJRXSAYFZMGQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- LHJQIRIGXXHNLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium peroxide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][O-] LHJQIRIGXXHNLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019402 calcium peroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019329 dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- YHAIUSTWZPMYGG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2,2-dioctyl-3-sulfobutanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].CCCCCCCCC(C([O-])=O)(C(C([O-])=O)S(O)(=O)=O)CCCCCCCC YHAIUSTWZPMYGG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- HPGPEWYJWRWDTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium peroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][O-] HPGPEWYJWRWDTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004995 magnesium peroxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PFUVRDFDKPNGAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium peroxide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][O-] PFUVRDFDKPNGAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005210 alkyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- LBAYFEDWGHXMSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butaneperoxoic acid Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OO LBAYFEDWGHXMSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 aryl peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 58
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 56
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 36
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 description 13
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 241000304886 Bacilli Species 0.000 description 8
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 7
- QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Disodium Chemical compound [Na][Na] QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O N,N,N-trimethylglycinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 6
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 229940117986 sulfobetaine Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 4
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 4
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001198 elastomeric copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 150000004967 organic peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- MDYOLVRUBBJPFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tropolone Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=CC1=O MDYOLVRUBBJPFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- VSKJLJHPAFKHBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbuta-1,3-diene;styrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 VSKJLJHPAFKHBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QCDWFXQBSFUVSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenoxyethanol Chemical compound OCCOC1=CC=CC=C1 QCDWFXQBSFUVSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HYCSHFLKPSMPGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OCCCOP(O)(O)=O HYCSHFLKPSMPGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid group Chemical group C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)O WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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Images
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group; Thio analogues thereof
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Cleaning Implements For Floors, Carpets, Furniture, Walls, And The Like (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种包括杀菌溶液及无纺纤网材料的消毒湿揩巾。所述杀菌溶液包括过酸及过氧化物,当暴露于病原体时,它们能够协同地对抗病原体。根据本发明选择性控制湿揩巾的各个方面,以使该溶液在一段时间内(例如,在储存期间)稳定。例如,湿揩巾使用的无纺纤网材料由合成聚合物制成,其本质上是相对疏水的。抛开理论限制,据信同纤维素基材料相比,该材料对于过氧化物/过酸具有较低的还原潜力。以这种方式,限制了杀菌溶液中所含过氧化物或过氧酸的显著分解。为了改进所述无纺纤网材料的可湿性,在杀菌溶液中也采用了一种或多种表面活性剂。除了改进可湿性,本发明人出人意料地发现了特定的表面活性剂也可以改进溶液的稳定性。
Description
关联申请
本申请要求于2008年5月15日递交的No.61/053,360号临时申请的优先权。
发明背景
产业内公知,含有过氧化物和过酸的溶液具有杀菌性能(如杀细菌、杀真菌、杀病毒、杀结核菌、杀孢子等性能),即使在相对较低的浓度下。然而,遗憾的是,过酸和过氧化物具有相对高的能量状态,且在溶液中易于分解。当其混入其他材料如湿揩巾时,这些化合物的不稳定性会更严重。本发明人相信,例如,纤维素、半纤维素及木素的还原性潜力实际上可以导致纤维素基材料加速杀菌溶液中的过酸及过氧化物的分解。因此,当前需要将杀菌溶液与湿揩巾相结合的技术,以使其具有高度有效的杀菌性能并保持稳定。
发明概述
根据本发明的一个具体实施方式,公开了一种消毒湿揩巾,其包括一种无纺纤网材料,所述无纺纤网材料通常为疏水的并且含有合成的、熔融挤出的聚合物。所述湿揩巾也包括一种杀菌溶液,所述杀菌溶液以无纺纤网材料干重计,用量约为150wt.%到1000wt.%。所述杀菌溶液包括浓度约为0.01wt.%到2wt.%的至少一种过酸,约0.5wt.%到15wt.%的至少一种过氧化物,以及约0.001wt.%到2wt.%的至少一种表面活性剂。
本发明的其他特征及方面将在下文中更详细地叙述。
附图的简要说明
对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,本发明的充分及可实施性的公开,包括其最佳模式,参照附图,在本说明书的其余部分作了更为具体的阐述。其中:
图1为一个形成熔喷纤网的具体实施方式的流程图,该纤网用于本发明的湿揩巾中。
代表性具体实施方式详述
定义
本文中使用的术语“无纺纤网”通常指具有独立纤维或线结构的纤网,所述纤维或线结构是层叠的,而不具有如编制织物的可辨别的方式。合适的无纺纤网的实例包括,但不限于熔喷纤网、纺粘纤网以及结合粗纺纤网等。
本文中使用的术语“熔喷纤网”通常指无纺纤网,该无纺纤网由熔融的热塑性材料通过多个细的、通常是圆形的模头毛细管挤出成为熔融纤维进入聚焦高速气流中(如空气)而形成,所述气流使得熔融的热塑性材料变细从而减少其直径,使其可能达到微纤维的直径。随后,所述熔喷纤维由高速气流携带并沉积于收集表面上以形成熔喷纤维随机分布的纤网。上述过程公开于,例如Butin等人的美国专利No.3,849,241中,其以全文的形式结合于本文作为参考。
本文中使用的术语“纺粘纤网”通常指含有小直径大体连续的纤维的纤网。所述纤维通过从喷丝头的多个细的、一般为圆形的毛细管挤出熔融热塑性材料形成,该挤出的纤维的直径随后通过,如喷射驱动和/或其他公知的纺粘机制而迅速减少。纺粘纤网的生产描述并图示于,例如Appel等人的第No.4,340,563号美国专利,Dorschner等人的第3,692,618号美国专利,Matsuki 等人的第3,802,817号美国专利,Kinney的第3,338,992号美国专利,Kinney的第3,341,394号美国专利,Hartman的第3,502,763号美国专利,Levy的第3,502,538号美国专利,Dobo等人的第3,542,615号美国专利以及Pike等人的第5,382,400号美国专利中,上述专利基于所有目的,以全文形式并入本文中作为参考。当沉积到收集表面上时,纺粘纤维通常不是粘性的。纺粘纤维的直径有时可以小于约40微米,并且通常约为5到20微米。
详述
详细参考本发明的不同具体实施方式,对其一个或多个实施例具体描述如下。各个实施例均用于解释而非限制本发明。实际上,对于本领域技术人员而言,显然可以在不背离本发明的范围或精神下,进行修改和变化。例如,一个实施方案中阐明或描述的特征可以用于另一个实施方案,以进一步形成再一个实施方案。因此,本发明意在包括上述修改及变化。
一般来说,本发明涉及含杀菌溶液和无纺纤网材料的消毒湿揩巾。所述杀菌溶液包括过酸及过氧化物,其能发挥协同效果对抗暴露的病原体。为了使所述溶液在一段时间内稳定(例如,在储存期间),依据本发明可以选择性地控制湿揩巾的多种方面。例如,用作湿揩巾的无纺纤网材料由合成聚合物制成,并且其本质上是相对疏水的。抛开理论限制,与纤维素基材料相比,据信该材料对于过氧化物/过酸具有更低的还原潜力。在这种方式中,杀菌溶液中所含的过氧化物或过酸的明显的分解受到了限制。为了促进所述无纺纤网材料的可湿性,杀菌溶液中也采用了一种或多种表面活性剂。除了促进可湿性,本发明人出人意料地发现了某些表面活性剂也可能改进所述溶液的稳定性。
在此将更详细地描述本发明的不同具体实施方式。
I.杀菌溶液
A.有机过酸
杀菌溶液中采用的有机过酸为一种或多种羧酸的过氧化衍生物。适用的有机过酸可以包括,如C1-C9的过酸,具体为C1-C5的过酸。该过酸的实例包括过甲酸、过乙酸、过苯酸、过丙酸、过壬酸及卤代过酸,如一氯过乙酸、二氯过乙酸、三氯过乙酸、三氟过乙酸、间氯过氧化苯甲酸,以及前述的混合物,等等。
B.过氧化物
除了过酸,所述杀菌溶液还包含过氧化氢及其他在溶液中能释放过氧化氢的过氧化物。合适的过氧化氢来源可以包括,例如,碱金属及碱土金属的过氧化合物、有机过氧化合物、其在药学上可接受的盐及其混合物。碱金属及碱土金属的过氧化物包括过氧化锂、过氧化钾、过氧化钠、过氧化镁、过氧化钙、过氧化钡及其混合物。有机过氧化复合物可以包括过氧化脲(也称为尿素过氧化物)、烷基和/或芳基过氧化物(例如叔丁基过氧化物、联苯基过氧化物等)、烷基和/或芳基的酮过氧化物(例如过氧化苯甲酰)、过氧酯、二芳基过氧化物及其混合物等等。
杀菌溶液中的过氧化物含量具体约为0.5wt.%到15wt.%,在一些具体实施方式中约为1wt.%到10wt.%,在一些具体实施方式中约为2wt.%到8wt.%,以及在一些具体实施方式中约为3wt.%到6wt.%。类似地,过酸的含量具体约为约0.01wt.%到2wt.%,在一些具体实施方式中约为0.05wt.%到1wt.%,以及在一些具体实施方式中约为0.1wt.%到0.5wt.%。应该理解上述浓度是过氧化物在杀菌溶液制剂刚形成后的初始浓度。由于过酸和过氧化物在水中会分解,然而,所述浓度可随时间变化。例如,尿素过氧化物在水溶液中分解成为尿素及过氧化氢。所述过氧化氢可进一步分解成为水和氧气。类似地,过乙酸可以与溶液中的水反应形成乙酸及过氧化氢。然而,本发明的一个益处是所述过氧化物及过氧酸能够在平衡中充分地稳定,以使其含量在一定时期内维持大体相同的水平。例如,在室温(~25℃)下老化30天的过氧化氢含量仍然可以约为0.5wt.%到15wt.%,在一些具体实施方式中约为1wt.%到10wt.%,在一些具体实施方式中约为2wt.%到约8wt.%,以及在一些具体实施方式中约为3wt.%到6wt.%。类似地,在室温(~25℃)下老化30天的过酸的含量约为0.01wt.%到2wt.%,在一些具体实施方式中约为0.05wt.%到1wt.%,以及在一些具体实施方式中,约为0.1wt.%到0.5wt.%。
C.表面活性剂
本发明的杀菌溶液还包括至少一种表面活性剂,以增加所述无纺纤网材料的可湿性。通常可以应用任何表面活性剂以增强润湿性而在一定程度上不与溶液中的过氧化氢或过酸作用,以显著影响溶液的稳定性。
由于非离子型表面活性剂通常缺少形式上带电的负或正离子基团,所述离子基团能够与过氧化物反应,有时在杀菌溶液中倾向于选用该表面活性剂。非离子的表面活性剂典型地具有疏水基,例如长链烷基基团或烷基化的芳香基团,以及具有特定数量(例如1到约30个)的乙氧基和/或丙氧基单元的疏水链。适用的非离子型表面活性剂可以包括例如,烷基多糖、嵌段共聚物、蓖麻油乙氧基化物、鲸蜡油醇聚醚醇乙氧基化物、鲸蜡硬脂醇醚醇乙氧基化物、癸醇乙氧基化物、二壬基苯酚乙氧基化物、十二烷基苯酚乙氧基化物、末端封端的乙氧基化物、醚胺衍生物、乙氧基化的烷烃醇胺、乙二醇酯、脂肪酸烷烃醇胺、脂肪醇烷氧基化物、月桂醇乙氧基化物、单链醇乙氧基化物、天然纯乙氧基化物、壬基苯酚乙氧基化物、辛基苯酚乙氧基化物、油胺乙氧基化物、随机共聚物烷氧基化物、山梨醇酯乙氧基化物、硬脂酸乙氧基化物、硬脂酰胺乙氧基化物、合成醇乙氧基化物、牛油脂肪酸乙氧基化物、牛油胺乙氧基化物、十三醇乙氧基化物、聚乙二醇山梨醇及其混合物。适用的非离子的表面活性剂的不同的具体实例包括,但不限于,甲基葡糖醇聚醚-10、PEG-20甲基葡萄糖硬脂酸酯、PEG-20甲基葡萄糖倍半硬脂酸酯、C11-15链烷醇聚醚-20、鲸蜡醇聚醚-8、鲸蜡醇聚醚-12、十二烷基苯酚聚醚-12、聚乙二醇单十二醚-15、PEG-20蓖麻油、聚山梨酸酯-20、硬脂醇聚醚-20、聚氧乙烯-10鲸蜡基醚、聚氧乙烯-10硬脂基醚、聚氧乙烯-20鲸蜡基醚、聚氧乙烯-10油烯基醚、聚氧乙烯-20油烯基醚、乙氧基化的壬基酚、乙氧基化的辛基酚、乙氧基化的十二烷基苯酚或乙氧基化的脂肪(C6-C22)醇,其包括3到20个氧化乙烯单元、聚氧乙烯-20异六癸基醚、聚氧乙烯-23甘油基月桂酸酯、聚氧乙烯-20硬脂酸甘油酯、PPG-10甲基葡萄糖醚、PPG-20甲基葡萄糖醚、聚氧乙烯-20山梨醇单酯、聚氧乙烯-80蓖麻油、聚氧乙烯-15三癸基醚、聚氧乙烯-6三癸基醚、聚乙二醇单十二醚-2、聚乙二醇单十二醚-3、聚乙二醇单十二醚-4、PEG-3蓖麻油、PEG-600二油酸酯、PEG 400二油酸酯及其混合物。商业上可得的非离子型表面活性及可以包括TWEEN的聚氧乙烯表面活性剂系列,其可以购自New Castle,Delaware的CrodaUniqema,以及TRITON的聚氧乙烯表面活性剂系列(例如TRITONX-100)其可以购自Midland,Michigan的Dow Chemical Co.。
本发明也可以采用烷基配糖体非离子的表面活性剂,其通常通过将单糖或可水解为单糖的化合物与醇反应制备得到,所述醇如酸介质中的脂肪醇。例如,美国专利No.5,527,892及5,770,543,基于所有目的,以全文形式并入本文作为参考,其描述了烷基配糖体和/或其制备的方法。可以商业获得的适用的烷基配糖体实例包括GlucoponTM 220、225、425、600及625,均可以购自Cincinnati,Ohio的Cognis Corp.。这些产品为烷基单吡喃葡萄糖苷和寡聚吡喃葡萄糖苷的混合物该寡聚吡喃葡萄糖苷带有基于衍生自椰子和/或棕榈仁油脂肪醇的烷基基团。GlucoponTM 220、225及425为尤其适用的烷基聚糖苷的实例。GlucoponTM 220为烷基聚糖苷,其每个分子含有平均1.4个葡萄糖基残基,及8和10个碳烷基基团的混合物(每条烷基链的平均碳原子数-9.1).GlucoponTM 225为相关的烷基聚糖苷,其在烷基链中具有8或10个碳原子(平均烷基链-9.1碳原子)的线性烷基基团。GlucoponTM 425包括烷基聚糖苷的混合物,其各自包括具有8、10、12、14或16个碳原子(平均碳链-10.3碳原子)的烷基基团。GlucoponTM 600包括烷基聚糖苷的混合物,其各自包括具有12、14或16个碳原子(平均碳链-12.8碳原子)的烷基基团。GlucoponTM 625包括烷基聚糖苷的混合物,其各自包括具有12、14或18个碳原子(平均碳链-12.8碳原子)的烷基基团。另一种适用的烷基糖苷可以,购自Midland,Michigan的Dow Chemical Co.,商品名为TRITON的,如TRITONCG-110及BG-10。
尽管与过氧化物不易反应,非离子型表面活性剂在增强无纺纤网材料的可湿性中,不一定有效,其可能导致湿揩巾中过氧化物/过氧酸的量减少,相应地,在使用过程中会减少杀菌性能。因此,在本发明的特定具体实施方式中,杀菌溶液中可以采用一种或多种离子表面活性剂(如阳离子型,阴离子型,两性离子型,两性型等),该离子表面活性剂将单独或配合一种或多种非离子型表面活性剂使用地,。如前面所指出的,该表面活性剂的选择方式通常为使其基本上不与杀菌溶液中的过酸/过氧化物反应。在这点上,本发明人发现了二烷基磺基琥珀酸阴离子型表面活性剂应用于本发明尤其有效,所述表面活性剂具有以下化学式:
其中R1和R2可以各自独立地为具有3到22个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基基团,如丙基、丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、壬基、癸基、十一烷基、十二烷基、十三烷基、十四烷基、十五烷基及前述的结构异构体。在一个具体的实施方式中,R1和R2均为辛基基团。如所指出的,上述结构的磺基琥珀酸的部分以阴离子形式存在,并通过具有M+化学形态的包含物提供电中性区。M+化学形态可以为任何能够提供正电荷的化学形态,如碱金属、碱土金属、铵离子、烷基铵离子等。根据这些材料的一种合成路线,首先制备二烷基磺基琥珀酸,随后与所选的碱性物质反应,以提供磺基琥珀酸酯的阴离子形式。因此,任何能够与二烷基磺基琥珀酸酯反应提供其阴离子型式中的磺基琥珀酸酯的碱性物质适用于提供定义为M+的阳离子化学形态。该盐的具体实例包括二环己基磺基琥珀酸钠以及异癸基磺基琥珀酸双钠。一种商业上可得的合适的二辛基磺基琥珀酸钠可以购自Cytec Industries,Inc.,商品名为AEROSOL OT-75。
其他还适用的阴离子表平面活性剂可以包括,如磷酸酯、烷基硫酸盐、烷基醚硫酸盐、烷基醚磺酸盐、烷基酚基聚氧乙烯醇的硫酸酯、α-烯基磺酸盐、β-烷氧基烷磺酸盐、烷基月桂基磺酸盐、烷基单糖苷硫酸盐、烷基单糖苷磺酸盐、烷基碳酸盐、烷基醚羧酸盐、肌氨酸盐、辛苯聚醇或壬苯醇醚磷酸盐、牛磺酸盐、脂肪酸牛磺酸盐、脂肪酸酰胺聚氧乙烯硫酸盐、羟乙基磺酸盐或其混合物。具体的实例包括,但不限于,C8-C18烷基硫酸盐、C8-C18脂肪酸盐、具有一或两摩尔乙氧基化物的C8-C18烷基醚硫酸盐、C8-C18烷基胺氧化物、C8-C18烷基肌氨酸盐、C8-C18磺基乙酸盐、C8-C18烷基联苯基氧化物二磺酸盐、C8-C18烷基碳酸盐、C8-C18α-烯基磺酸盐、甲基酯磺酸盐及其混合物。所述C8-C18的烷基集团可以为直链的(例如,月桂基)或带支链的(如2-乙基己基)。阴离子表面活性剂的阳离子可以为碱金属(例如钠或钾)、铵、C1-C4烷基铵(例如单-、二-、三-)或C1-C3烷基铵(例如单-、二-、三)。该阴离子的表面活性剂的具体实例包括月桂基硫酸盐、辛基硫酸盐、2-乙基己基硫酸盐、十二烷基硫酸盐、椰油酸盐、月桂酰肌氨酸盐、线性C10联苯基氧化物二磺酸盐、月桂基醚硫酸盐(1及2摩尔的乙烯氧化物)、肉豆蔻基硫酸盐、油酸盐、硬脂酸盐、脂肪酸盐、蓖麻酸盐、鲸蜡基硫酸盐及类似的表面活性剂。
本发明可以采用磷酸酯表面活性剂,例如,乙氧基化壬基苯酚的单-及双-磷酸酯、乙氧基化十三醇的磷酸酯、乙氧基化异癸基磷酸酯及其他芳香的乙氧基化物和脂肪的乙氧基化物的磷酸酯,C10-C16烷基乙氧基化物/丙氧基化物的磷酸酯等,及其混合物。其他适用的磷酸酯的非限制性实例包括含磷的酸(如磷酸、亚磷酸、次磷酸、正磷酸、焦磷酸、三聚磷酸及偏磷酸)、单甲基磷酸盐、单乙基磷酸盐、单正丁基磷酸盐、二甲基磷酸盐、二乙基磷酸盐、亚磷酸乙酯以及其他含亚磷的酸酯等,及其混合物,其中所述磷酸酯具有至少一个磷酸基团及其盐。该表面活性剂的其他实例描述于,例如Hsu 等人的美国专利No.2006/0047062中,基于所有目的,以全文形式并入本文中作为参考。商业上可获得的产品包括购自Rhodia Inc.的RhodafacPE-510、RE-410、RE-610、RE-960、RK-500A、RS-410、RS-610、RS-610A-25、RS-710及RS-960;购自Wilmington,Delaware的Hercules,Inc的DextrolTM OC-110、OC-15、OC-40、OC-60及OC-70;购自BASF Corporation的KlearfacAA 270、Lutensit及Maphos等等,及其混合物。
本发明也可以采用两性的表面活性剂,如具有脂肪基的二级和三级胺的衍生物,所述脂肪基为直链的或带直链的,其中所述脂肪族取代物包含约8到18个碳原子并且至少一种脂肪族取代物含有阴离子水溶性基团,如羧基、磺酸盐或硫酸盐基团。两性的表面活性剂的一些实例包括,但不限于,3-(十二烷基氨基)丙酸钠、3-(十二烷基氨基)-丙烷-1-磺酸钠、2-(十二烷基氨基)乙基硫酸钠、2-(二甲基氨基)十八酸钠、3-(N-羧甲基-十二烷基氨基)丙烷-1-磺酸二钠、十八烷基亚胺基二乙酸二钠、1-羧甲基-2-十一烷基咪唑钠以及N,N-双(2-羟乙基)-2-硫酸根合-3-十二烷氧基丙基氨钠。两性的表面活性剂的其他种类包括磷酸酯甜菜碱及亚磷酸酯甜菜碱(phosphitaines)。例如,该两性的表面活性剂的一些实例包括,但不限于,椰油基N-甲基牛磺酸钠、油烯基N-甲基牛磺酸钠、牛脂酸N-甲基牛磺酸钠、棕榈酰N-甲基牛磺酸酯、椰油二甲基羧甲基甜菜碱、月桂二甲基羧甲基甜菜碱、月桂二甲基羧乙基甜菜碱、鲸蜡二甲基羧甲基甜菜碱、月桂基-双-(2-羟乙基)羧甲基甜菜碱、油烯二甲基γ羧丙基甜菜碱、月桂基-双-(2-羟丙基)-羧乙基甜菜碱、椰油酰氨二甲基丙基磺基甜菜碱、硬脂酰胺二甲基丙基磺基甜菜碱、月桂酰氨基-双-(2-羟乙基)丙基磺基甜菜碱、椰油基两性甘氨酸盐、椰油基两性羧基甘氨酸盐、月桂基两性甘氨酸盐、月桂基两性羧基甘氨酸盐、辛酰基两性羧基甘氨酸盐、椰油基两性丙酸盐、椰油基两性羧基丙酸盐、月桂基两性羧基丙酸盐、辛酰基两性羧基丙酸盐、二羟乙基油脂酸甘氨酸盐、椰油酰氨基3-羟丙基磷酸酯甜菜碱二钠、月桂肉豆蔻酰胺基3-羟丙基磷酸酯甜菜碱二钠、月桂肉豆蔻酰胺基甘油基磷酸酯甜菜碱、月桂肉豆蔻酰胺羧基3-羟丙基磷酸酯甜菜碱二钠、椰油酰氨丙基亚磷酸酯甜菜碱单钠、月桂肉豆蔻酰胺丙基亚磷酸酯甜菜碱单钠及其混合物。
本发明中可以采用的阳离子表面活性剂,如四级铵盐化合物(例如氯化鲸蜡基三甲基铵、氯化苯甲烷铵、氯化苄乙氧铵、季铵盐-18、氯化硬脂酰甲烷铵、椰油基三铵甲硫酸盐、氯化PEG-2椰油甲基铵及PEG-3二油酰胺基乙胺甲硫酸盐等)。
杀菌溶液中的表面活性剂总量具体为其重量占杀菌溶液重量的约0.001%到2%,在一些具体实施方式中,重量约占0.002%到1%,以及在一些具体实施方式中,重量约占0.005%到0.5%。尽管通常可以应用任何表面活性剂,但本发明的杀菌溶液可以含有至少一种上述的非离子型表面活性剂。使用时,该非离子型表面活性剂可以占杀菌溶液的重量的约0.001%到0.5%,在一些具体实施方式中,重量约占0.002%到0.2%,以及在一些具体实施方式中,重量约占0.005%到0.1%。类似地,阴离子型表面活性剂(如二烷基磺基琥珀酸盐、磷酸酯等等)可以占杀菌溶液重量的约0.001%到0.5%,在一些具体实施方式中,重量约占0.002%到0.2%,以及在一些具体实施方式中,重量约占0.005%到0.1%。
D.其他组分。
除了上面指出的,所述杀菌溶液还可以含有多种其他的组分。例如,在所述溶液中可以采用一种或多种羧酸,其用量足以与过酸建立平衡。尽管该用量可能发生变化,但该酸具体占溶液的量约为0.5wt.%到15wt.%,在一些具体实施方式中约为1wt.%到10wt.%,在一些具体实施方式中约为2wt.%到8wt.%,以及在一些具体实施方式中约为3wt.%到6wt.%。所述羧酸通常为衍生过酸的基础酸。适用的酸可以包括,例如C1-C9的羧酸,以及具体为C1-C5的羧酸。该酸的实例包括甲酸、乙酸、苯酸、丙酸、壬酸及卤代酸,如一氯乙酸、二氯乙酸、三氯乙酸、三氟乙酸、间氯苯甲酸,以及前述的混合物,等等。必要时也可采用酸的盐。在一个具体的具体实施方式中,应用乙酸与过乙酸来建立平衡。
本发明也可以采用水溶性聚合物,来调节溶液的流变性并增强其总体效力。可以采用的上述聚合物的量为,例如,0.1%到1%。尤其适用的聚合物为含乳胺基团的乙烯基聚合物(如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮)。该聚合物更详细地描述于,例如Martin等人的专利WO 2006/076334中,以及Martin等人的美国专利申请公开No.2006/0229225中,基于所有目的,以全文形式并入本文中作为参考。
由于杀菌溶液可能在使用中暴露于金属杂质(例如水中的钙离子),可以在溶液中采用金属螯合剂,例如用量约为杀菌溶液的0.05wt.%到10wt.%,在一些具体实施方式中约为0.1wt.%到5wt.%,在一些具体实施方式中约为0.5wt.%到4wt.%。抛开理论限制,据信金属螯合剂可以调节暴露于该金属离子的过氧化物从而限制活性过氧化物的过早释放。所述螯合剂可以包括,例如氨基羧酸(例如乙二胺四乙酸)及其盐、羟基羧酸(例如柠檬酸,酒石酸,抗坏血酸等)及其盐、聚磷酸(例如三聚磷酸,六偏磷酸等)及其盐、环式糊精等等。所述螯合剂应该能与金属离子形成多重配位复合物,以减少任何游离金属离子与过氧化物相互作用的可能性。在一个具体实施方式中,例如,可以使用含有两个或多个氨基二乙酸基团或其盐的螯合剂。
氨基二乙酸基团通常具有以下结构:
上述螯合剂的一个实例为乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)。适用的EDTA盐的实例包括钙-二钠EDTA、二铵EDTA、二钠及二钾EDTA、三乙铵EDTA、三钠及三钾EDTA、四钠及四钾EDTA。其他类似的氨基二乙酸-基的螯合剂的实例还包括,但不限于,丁二胺四乙酸、1,2-环己二胺四乙酸(CyDTA)、二乙三胺五乙酸、乙二胺四丙酸、(羟乙基)乙二胺三乙酸(HEDTA)、N,N,N′,N′-乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸(EDTMP)、三乙四胺六乙酸(TTHA)、1,3-二氨基-2-羟基丙烷-N,N,N′,N′-四乙酸(DHPTA)、甲基亚胺基二乙酸、丙二胺四乙酸等等。
除了以上所提到的,本发明的杀菌溶液也可以含有多种其他选择性组成。例如,所述杀菌溶液可以含有防腐剂或者防腐体系以在长时间内抑制病原体的生长。在所述杀菌溶液中适用的防腐剂可以包括,例如,Kathon CG,为甲基氯异噻唑啉酮及甲基异噻唑啉酮的混合物,购自Rohm & Haas;Neolone 950,为购自Rohm & Haas的甲基异噻唑啉酮、Mackstat 66(购自IL Chicago的Mclntyre Group);DMDM乙内酰脲(例如New Jersey Fair Lawn的Glydant Plus,Lonza,Inc.);碘代丙炔基丁基氨甲酸酯;苯甲酸酯(对羟基苯甲酸酯),如甲基对羟基苯甲酸酯、丙基对羟基苯甲酸酯、丁基对羟基苯甲酸酯、乙基对羟基苯甲酸酯、异丙基对羟基苯甲酸酯、异丁基对羟基苯甲酸酯、苯基对羟基苯甲酸酯、甲基对羟基苯甲酸钠及丙基对羟基苯甲酸钠;2-溴-2-硝基丙烷-1,3-二醇;苯甲酸;咪唑烷基脲;重氮烷基脲等等。其他防腐剂还可以包括乙基己基丙三醇(Schulke & Mayr生产的Sensiva SC 50),苯氧乙醇(Tri-K Industries生产的苯氧乙醇),辛甘醇(Inolex Chemical Company生产的Lexgard O),Symdiol 68T(Symrise生产的1,2-己二醇,辛甘醇及环庚三烯酚酮的混合物)及Symocide PT(Symrise生产的苯氧乙醇及环庚三烯酚酮的混合物)。
杀菌溶液也可以包括现有技术中公知的其他不同组分,如粘合剂、着色剂、电解质盐、pH调节剂、芳香剂等等。可能的其他不同组分在Nohr等人的美国专利No.5,681,380中,以及Nohr等人的专利6,524,379中有所描述,基于所有目的,以全文形式并入本文中作为参考。
为了形成杀菌溶液,典型地可以将一种或多种组分溶解或分散在溶剂中(如水)。例如,上述一种或多种组分可以依次或同时与溶剂混合,以形成所述杀菌溶液。尽管所使用的溶剂的实际浓度通常取决于杀菌溶液及其组分的性质,但是其具体用量约为杀菌溶液的50wt.%到99.9wt.%,在一些具体实施方式中约为60wt.%到99wt.%,在一些具体实施方式中约为75wt.%到98wt.%.
虽然希望将溶液加入湿揩巾之前,可以混合有机酸、过氧化物及表面活性剂,应该理解溶液的特定组分可以在湿揩巾制成后加入。例如在一个实施方案中,可以先制成含有前述表面活性剂的湿揩巾。然后可以将所述湿揩巾包装并供应给使用者,该使用者可以随后加入,如形成本发明杀菌溶液的有机过酸和/或过氧化物。
II.湿揩巾
本发明的湿揩巾包括无纺纤网材料,所述材料通常是疏水性的并由可熔融挤出的合成聚合物制成。该聚合物的实例可以包括,例如,聚烯烃,如聚乙烯,如高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯以及线性低密度聚乙烯;聚丙烯,如全同立构聚丙烯、无规立构聚丙烯以及间规立构聚丙烯;聚丁烯,如聚(1-丁烯)及聚(2-丁烯);聚戊烯,如聚(1-戊烯)及聚(2-戊烯);聚(3-甲基-1-戊烯);聚(4-甲基-1-戊烯)及其共聚物与混合物。适用的共聚物包括随机及嵌段共聚物,所述共聚物由两种或多种不同的不饱和烯烃单体制备而成,所述单体如乙烯/丙烯及乙烯/丁烯共聚物。必要时也可以使用弹性聚合物,如弹性聚烯烃,弹性共聚物等等。弹性共聚物包括具有通式A-B-A’或A-B的嵌段共聚物,其中A及A’均为热塑性聚合物的终端,所述终端含有苯乙烯单元,B为弹性聚合物中嵌段,如共轭二烯烃或较低烯烃的聚合物。该共聚物可以包括,例如苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯(S-I-S)、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯(S-B-S)、苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯(S-EB-S)、苯乙烯-异戊二烯(S-I)、苯乙烯-丁二烯(S-B)等等。商业上可得的A-B-A’及A-B-A-B共聚物包括购自Houston,Texas的Kraton Polymers的,商品名为KRATON的几种不同的S-EB-S构型。可以获得KRATON嵌段共聚物的几个不同构型,其在美国专利No.4,663,220、4,323,534、4,834,738、5,093,422及5,304,599中得到确认,基于所有目的,并入本文中以全文形式作为参考。其他商业上可得的嵌段共聚物包括S-EP-S弹性共聚物,购自日本Okayama的Kuraray Company,Ltd.,其商品名为SEPTON。其他适用的共聚物还包括S-I-S及S-B-S弹性共聚物,购自Texas Houston的Dexco Polymers,其商品名为VECTOR。由A-B-A-B构成的四嵌段共聚物也同样适用,例如在Taylor等人的美国专利No.5,332,613有所描述,基于所有目的,以全文形式并入本文中作为参考。该四嵌段共聚物的实例为苯乙烯(聚乙烯-丙烯)-苯乙烯-聚(乙烯-丙烯)(″S-EP-S-EP″)嵌段共聚物。
弹性聚烯烃的实例包括超低密度弹性聚丙烯及聚乙烯,如由“单活性点(single-site)”及“金属茂络合物”催化剂方法生产的上述聚烯烃。该弹性烯烃聚合物可由Texas Houston的ExxonMobil Chemical Co.购得,其商品名为ACHIEVE(丙烯基的),EXACT(乙烯基的),及EXCEED(乙烯基的)。弹性烯烃聚合物也可以由DuPont Dow Elastomers,LLC(DuPont与DowChemical Co.的合资企业)购得,其商品名为ENGAGE(乙烯基的),还可由Michigan Midland的Dow Chemical Co.购得,其商品名为AFFINITY(乙烯基的)。该聚合物的实例在Lai等人的美国专利No.5,278,272及5,272,236中也有叙述,基于所有目的,以全文形式并入本文中作为参考。特定的弹性聚丙烯也是有用的,如Yang等人的美国专利No.5,539,056及Resconi等人的专利5,596,052,基于所有目的,以全文形式并入本文中作为参考。
各工艺中的任一种均可用于制造所述无纺纤网材料。例如参考图1,为制造熔喷纤网方法的一个实施方案。熔喷纤网具有小平均孔径,可用于防止液体和颗粒的通过,而允许气体(如空气及水蒸汽)从其中通过。为了达到理想的孔径,熔喷纤维通常为“微纤维”,其具有10微米或更小的平均尺寸,在一些具体实施方式中,约为7微米或更小,以及在一些具体实施方式中,约为5微米或更小。在本发明中,通过应用具有理想的低表观粘度及高熔流量相结合的热塑性组合物,可以提高生产所述细纤维的能力。
例如在图1中,将原材料(如聚合物、乳浊剂、载体树脂等等)从料斗10送入挤出机12中。所述原材料可以通过任何传统技术以及以任何状态装入料斗10中。挤出机12由马达11驱动并加热到足以将熔融聚合物挤出的温度。例如,所述挤出机12可以应用于一个或多个区域,在约50℃到500℃下运转,在一些具体实施方式中,在约100℃到400℃下运转,以及在一些具体实施方式中,在约150℃到250℃下运转。典型的剪切率范围约为1000秒-1到10,000秒-1,在一些具体实施方式中约为500秒-1到5,000秒-1,以及在一些具体实施方式中约为800秒-1到1,200秒-1。必要时所述挤出机也可以具有一个或多个区域,所述区域从聚合物中除去过多的水分,如蒸汽区等等。所述挤出机也可以开孔以释放易挥发气体。
一旦形成,随后可以将所述热塑性组合物送入另一个挤出机中,另一个挤出机位于制造纤维的生产线上(例如熔喷纺粘生产线上的挤出机12)。或者,所述热塑性组合物可以通过供料到模头14,直接形成纤维,所述模头可以由加热器16加热。应当理解也可以采用其他熔喷模头。由于所述聚合物从孔19处离开模头14,管13提供的高压流体(如加热的空气)使聚合物流变细并扩展成为微纤维18。
微纤维18随机沉积在有孔表面20上,(由辊21及23驱动)在可选的吸入箱15的帮助下形成熔喷纤网22。模头和多孔表面20之间的距离通常很小以提高所述纤维沉积作用的均一性。例如,所述距离可以约为1到35厘米,在一些实施方案中约为2.5到15厘米。图1中,箭头28的方向显示了纤网形成的方向(即“机器方向”)以及箭头30显示了与机器方向垂直的方向(及“交叉-机器方向”)。可选地,所述熔喷纤网可以随后由辊24及26压缩。预期的纤维担数可以根据计划的应用而变化。典型地,形成的纤维约少于6担数每纤维(即线密度的单位,等于每9000米纤维以克计的质量),在一些实施方案中担数约小于3,以及在一些实施方案中约为0.5到3。除此之外,所述纤维通常具有约0.1到20微米的平均直径,在一些实施方案中约为0.5到15微米,以及在一些具体实施方式中,约为1到10微米。
一旦形成,所述无纺纤网随后可以应用任何成规技术粘合,例如使用粘合剂或者自发粘合(例如不应用外部粘合剂纤维的融合和/或自发粘合)。自发粘合,例如,可以在纤维半熔融或粘的时候通过接触来实现,或简单地将粘性的树脂和/或溶剂混合于形成纤维的聚合物中。适用的自发粘合技术可以包括超声粘合、热粘合、热风粘合、热轧粘合等等。例如,所述纤网可以进一步通过热-机械过程粘合或用图样装饰,其中所述纤网从加热的光滑砧辊及加热的图样辊之间通过。所述图样辊可以具有任意凸起的图样,以使纤网具有预期的性质或外观。期待地,所述图样辊具有凸起的图样,规定了多个粘合位置,该位置定义为占辊的总面积约2%到30%的粘合面积。粘合图样的实例包括,例如,描述于Hansen等人的第3,855,046号美国专利、Levy 等人的No.5,620,779号美国专利、Hayens等人的No.5,962,112号美国专利,Sayovitz等人的No.6,093,665号美国专利,以及Romano等人的No.428,267号美国外观专利,Brown的第390,708号美国专利、Zander等人的第418,305号美国专利、Zander等人的第384,508号美国专利、Zander等人的第384,819号美国专利、Zander等人的第358,035号美国专利、以及Blenke等人的第315,990号美国专利中,基于所有目的,上述专利均以其全文形式并入本文中作为参考。辊之间的压力可以约为5到2000磅每线性英寸。通过平衡辊之间的压强及辊的温度得到预期的纤网性质或外观,以保持其类似布的性质。如本领域技术人员所熟知的,所需的温度和压力可以随着许多因素而变化,包括但不限于,图样粘合面积、聚合物性质、纤维性质及无纺的性质。
除了熔喷纤网,各种其他无纺纤网也可以由热塑性组合物形成,如纺粘纤网,粘合梳理纤网等等。例如聚合物可以从喷丝头挤出、淬火并拉成大体上连续的丝,并随机地沉积到形成表面上。或者,聚合物可以通过将纤维包放置于拣选机中,形成梳理纤网,所述纤维由热塑性组合物制成,所述拣选机用于分离所述纤维。随后,纤维通过精梳或者梳理单元,所述精梳或者纺粘单元进一步地将纤维分开并沿着机器方向对其,以形成机器方向取向的纤维无纺纤网。一旦形成,所述无纺纤网具体通过一种或多种公知的粘合技术达到稳定。
必要时,所述无纺纤网材料也可以经历机械粘合,其中所述纤维在细气流或者液流的帮助下缠绕,以产生纤维和纤维结构的联锁。该过程公开于Evans等人的美国专利No.3,486,168中,基于所有目的,以全文形式并入本文中作为参考。该缠绕的材料(通常称作“水刺”材料)具有显著的类似织物的性质。
所述无纺纤网也可以为含有热塑性组合物纤维及其他类型纤维(如切断纤维、丝等等)的合成物。例如,也可以使用其他合成切断纤维,如由聚烯烃形成的纤维,所述聚烯烃如聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚丁烯等等。所述无纺纤网材料可以具有多层结构。适用的多层材料可以包括,例如纺粘/熔喷/纺粘(SMS)层压物及纺粘/熔喷(SM)层压物。适用的SMS层压物的不同实例描述于Brock等人的No.4,041,203号美国专利、Timmons等人的第5,213,881号美国专利、Timmons等人的第5,464,688号美国专利、Bornslaeqer等人的第4,374,888号美国专利、Collier等人的第5,169,706号美国专利以及Brock等 人的第4,766,029号美国专利中,基于所有目的,上述专利均以全文形式并入本文中作为参考。此外,商业可得的SMS层压物可以购自Kimberly-ClarkCorporation,其商品名为Spunguard及Evolution。
无论制成湿揩巾的材料和过程,湿揩巾的基重具体约为10到200克每平方米(gsm),及在一些实施方案中在约20到100gsm之间。较低基重的产品可能尤其适合作轻型湿揩巾,而较高基重的产品可能更适合作工业湿揩巾。所述湿揩巾可以采用各种形状,包括但不限于,通常为圆形,椭圆形,方形,长方形或不规则形状。各个独立的湿揩巾可以按折叠的形式放置,并且一个叠摞放在另一个上面,以提供一摞湿揩巾。上述折叠的形式对于本领域技术人员是熟知的,包括c-折叠,z-折叠,四分折叠形式等等。例如,所述湿揩巾的未折叠长度可以约为2.0到80.0厘米,在一些实施方案中约为10.0到40.0厘米。所述湿揩巾的未折叠宽度可以类似地约为2.0到80.0厘米,在一些实施方案中约为10.0到约40.0.0厘米。所述折叠的湿揩巾摞可以放置于容器内部,所述容器如塑料罐最终销售给消费者湿揩巾包装。或者,所述湿揩巾可以包括连续带材料,其在各个湿揩巾之间具有穿孔,并可以摞放或缠绕在棒上以供分配。适用的不同分配器、容器及用于递送湿揩巾的系统描述于Buczwinski等人的No.5,785,179号美国专利、Zander的第5,964,351号美国专利、Zander的第6,030,331号美国专利、Haynes等人的第6,158,614号美国专利、Huang等人的第6,269,969号美国专利、Huang等人的第6,269,970号美国专利、Newman等人的6,273,359号美国专利中,基于所有目的,上述专利均以全文形式并入本文中作为参考。
所述杀菌溶液可以使用本领域任何适用的方法应用于湿揩巾中,例如喷雾、浸入、饱和浸透、灌注、刷涂等等。所用杀菌溶液的量可以取决于应用的湿揩巾材料的类型、用于储存湿揩巾的容器类型、清洁制剂的性质,以及预期的湿揩巾的最终用途。通常地,按照用于制成湿揩巾的无纺纤网材料的干重计,各湿揩巾含有约150wt.%到1000wt.wt%的杀菌溶液,在一些实施方案中约为250wt.%到750wt.%,以及在一些实施方案中约为300wt.%到600wt.%。
本发明的消毒湿揩巾可以用于消毒和/或净化任何表面(例如食物服务台、桌子、医疗器械、常接触的表面、浴室长桌、厕所、实验台、床侧板、电话、门把手等等)。如前所述,本发明人发现了杀菌溶液的稳定性及湿揩巾的可湿性可以通过选择性控制杀菌溶液中使用的组分及其相对量,以及控制湿揩巾本身的性质来增强。通过这种方式使稳定性及可湿性达到最大化,消毒湿揩巾可以在其暴露时有效地对抗(如通过可测量的量减少或彻底毁灭)广谱的病原体。可以被抑制的病原体的实例包括细菌(包括蓝细菌、分枝杆菌及细菌孢子)、地衣、小型真菌、原生动物、朊病毒(virinos)、类病毒、病毒、真菌(如霉菌和酵母)以及一些藻类。例如,所述湿揩巾可以有效对抗多种医学上显著的细菌种群,如革兰氏阴性杆菌(如肠道菌);革兰氏阴性弯曲杆菌(如幽门螺旋杆菌、空肠弯曲杆菌等)、革兰氏阴性球菌(如淋球菌);革兰氏阳性杆菌(如芽孢杆菌、梭状芽孢杆菌等);革兰氏阳性球菌(如葡萄球菌、链球菌等);绝对性细胞内寄生虫(如立克次氏体和衣原体);抗酸杆菌(例如分支杆菌、诺卡氏菌等等);螺旋体(梅毒螺旋体、包柔螺旋体等)和支原体(即缺少细胞壁的微小细菌)。可以被抑制的细菌的具体种类包括大肠杆菌(革兰氏阴性杆菌)、肺炎克雷伯菌(革兰氏阴性杆菌)、链球菌(革兰氏阳性球菌)、猪霍乱沙门菌(革兰氏阴性杆菌)、金黄色葡萄球菌(革兰氏阳性球菌)、绿脓杆菌(革兰氏阴性杆菌)。除了细菌,其他感兴趣的病原体包括霉菌(例如黑曲霉)、酵母(例如白色念珠菌),其属于真菌界,以及病毒,如脂类(HIV、RSV)以及非脂类(脊髓灰质炎、鼻病毒、诺瓦克病毒、甲型肝炎)病毒。
当暴露具体一段时间后,所述消毒湿揩巾可以提供至少约为2的log减少值,在一些实施方案中至少约为3,在一些实施方案中至少约为4,以及在一些实施方案中,至少约为5(如约为6)。Log减少值,例如,可以根据以下的关系,通过所述组合物杀死的种群%确定:
依据本发明,仅在相对短时间暴露后,即可达到该log减少值。例如,预期的log减少值可以仅在暴露30分钟后达到,在一些实施方案中为10分钟,以及在一些实施方案中为5分钟,在其他实施方案中为1分钟,以及在一些实施方案中低至15秒。
参考以下实施例,可以更好地理解本发明。
具体实施方式
使用处理过的聚丙烯纤维熔喷纸制备一系列预饱和的湿揩巾样品,并用含有约4.3%过氧化氢及0.20%过乙酸的溶液使其饱和浸透。无纺基片处理包括不处理、阳离子表面活性剂(季铵化合物)及非离子型表面活性剂的混合物,及含有非离子型表面活性剂及阴离子型表面活性剂的混合物,非离子型表面活性剂,以及阴离子型表面活性剂。作为比较,还包括纤维素基片。用按聚丙烯重量计为500%以及按纤维素重量计为350%的溶液将无纺基片样品饱和浸透。随后将样品放置于经调整处理过的高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)容器中,并在室温下储存或在40℃的烘箱中保持14到30天。等份的溶液用作对照,并保存于同样的环境下。结果示于下文。
除了具体实施方式4和5外,过乙酸及过氧化氢均分解。
具体实施方式5还采用工业标准试验方法测试了对抗广谱病原体的有效活性,所述方法是为了评估预饱和的湿巾在硬的非多孔表面上的杀菌活性设计的。对于病毒,使用了基于ATSM标准方法的定量杀病毒活性,以及对于残留的微生物,应用了基于AOAC方法的定量载体试验。下面给出了具体实施方式5所证明的减少和/或杀死的微生物的log值以及相应的接触时间的总结。
尽管本发明已经针对其具体实施方案作了详细描述,然而应该理解,本领域技术人员在理解上述内容后,能够容易地想到这些具体实施方案的改变、变化及等同变换。因此,应当认为本发明的范围为所附的权利要求及其任意等同方案的范围。
Claims (21)
1.一种消毒湿揩巾,所述湿揩巾包括:
无纺纤网材料,其通常为疏水的并含有合成的、可熔融挤出的聚合物,其中杀菌溶液,其用量以无纺纤网材料干重计,为150wt.%到1000wt.%,其中所述杀菌溶液含有0.01wt.%到2wt.%的至少一种过酸,0.5wt.%到15wt.%的至少一种过氧化物,以及0.002wt.%到0.2wt.%的阴离子型表面活性剂,以及0.001wt.%到0.5wt.%的非离子型表面活性剂,其中所述的阴离子型表面活性剂包括二烷基磺基琥珀酸酯以及所述的非离子型表面活性剂包括癸醇乙氧基化物。
2.权利要求1所述的消毒湿揩巾,其中所述过酸包括:过甲酸、过乙酸、过苯酸、过丁酸、过壬酸、一氯过乙酸、二氯过乙酸、三氯过乙酸、三氟过乙酸、间氯过氧化苯甲酸间,或其混合物。
3.权利要求1或2所述的消毒湿揩巾,其中所述过酸包括过乙酸。
4.权利要求1或2所述的消毒湿揩巾,其中所述过氧化物包括:过氧化氢、过氧化锂、过氧化钾、过氧化钠、过氧化镁、过氧化钙、过氧化钡,过氧化脲、叔丁基过氧化物,联苯基过氧化物、过氧化苯甲酰,或其混合物。
5.权利要求1或2所述的消毒湿揩巾,其中所述过氧化物包括过氧化氢。
6.权利要求1或2所述的消毒湿揩巾,其中所述杀菌溶液含有1wt.%到10wt.%的过氧化物。
7.权利要求1或2所述的消毒湿揩巾,其中所述杀菌溶液含有0.05wt.%到1wt.%的过酸。
8.权利要求1或2所述的消毒湿揩巾,其中所述阴离子型表面活性剂包括二烷基磺基琥珀酸酯,其具有以下通式:
其中,
R1及R2独立地为直链的或支链的、具有3到22个碳原子的烷基基团;且
M为碱金属、碱土金属、铵或烷基铵。
9.权利要求1或2所述的消毒湿揩巾,其中所述阴离子型表面活性剂包括二辛基磺基琥珀酸钠。
10.权利要求1或2所述的消毒湿揩巾,其中所述杀菌溶液含有按重量计为0.002%到1%的表面活性剂。
11.权利要求1或2所述的消毒湿揩巾,其中所述杀菌溶液还含有至少一种羧酸,所述羧酸以能够与过酸建立平衡的有效量存在。
12.权利要求1或2所述的消毒湿揩巾,其中水占所述杀菌溶液的75wt.%到98wt.%。
13.权利要求1或2所述的消毒湿揩巾,其中所述杀菌溶液以基于无纺纤网材料干重计300wt.%到600wt.%的用量存在。
14.权利要求1或2所述的消毒湿揩巾,其中所述无纺纤网包括:熔喷纤网、纺粘纤网或其组合。
15.权利要求1或2所述的消毒湿揩巾,其中所述合成的聚合物包括聚烯烃。
16.一种用于消毒硬表面的方法,所述方法包括将湿揩巾接触所述表面,所述湿揩巾包括一般疏水性纤网材料和杀菌溶液,所述杀菌溶液占无纺纤网材料干重的150wt.%到1000wt.%,其中所述杀菌溶液含有0.01wt.%到2wt.%的至少一种过酸,0.5wt.%到15wt.%的至少一种过氧化物,0.002wt.%到0.2wt.%的阴离子型表面活性剂,以及0.001wt.%到0.5wt.%的非离子型表面活性剂,其中所述的阴离子型表面活性剂包括二烷基磺基琥珀酸酯以及所述的非离子型表面活性剂包括癸醇乙氧基化物。
17.权利要求16所述的方法,其中所述过酸包括过乙酸且所述过氧化物包括过氧化氢。
18.权利要求16所述的方法,其中所述杀菌溶液含有1wt.%到10wt.%的过氧化物及0.05wt.%到1wt.%的过酸。
19.权利要求16所述的方法,其中水占所述杀菌溶液的75wt.%到98wt.%。
20.权利要求16所述的方法,其中所述杀菌剂溶液以基于无纺纤网材料干重计300wt.%到600wt.%的用量存在。
21.权利要求16所述的方法,其中对至少一种病原体来说,实现了log减少值至少为3。
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US5336008P | 2008-05-15 | 2008-05-15 | |
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US61/053360 | 2008-05-15 | ||
US12/334,755 US8563017B2 (en) | 2008-05-15 | 2008-12-15 | Disinfectant wet wipe |
US12/334755 | 2008-12-15 | ||
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PCT/IB2009/051381 WO2009138888A2 (en) | 2008-05-15 | 2009-04-01 | Disinfectant wet wipe |
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CN102027169A CN102027169A (zh) | 2011-04-20 |
CN102027169B true CN102027169B (zh) | 2013-12-25 |
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EP (1) | EP2279298A4 (zh) |
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KR (1) | KR101575384B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102027169B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2009247716B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI0908608A2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2722788C (zh) |
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2008
- 2008-12-15 US US12/334,755 patent/US8563017B2/en active Active
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2009
- 2009-04-01 CN CN200980117031.2A patent/CN102027169B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2009-04-01 RU RU2010151120/04A patent/RU2510988C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-04-01 MX MX2010012216A patent/MX2010012216A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2009-04-01 KR KR1020107025385A patent/KR101575384B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-04-01 AU AU2009247716A patent/AU2009247716B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2009-04-01 WO PCT/IB2009/051381 patent/WO2009138888A2/en active Application Filing
- 2009-04-01 MY MYPI2010004765A patent/MY153769A/en unknown
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Patent Citations (1)
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EP1059032A1 (en) * | 1999-06-08 | 2000-12-13 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Disinfecting wet wipe |
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JP2011520494A (ja) | 2011-07-21 |
AU2009247716A1 (en) | 2009-11-19 |
MX2010012216A (es) | 2010-12-06 |
US20090285871A1 (en) | 2009-11-19 |
EP2279298A4 (en) | 2012-10-10 |
WO2009138888A2 (en) | 2009-11-19 |
AU2009247716B2 (en) | 2013-11-07 |
MY153769A (en) | 2015-03-13 |
US8563017B2 (en) | 2013-10-22 |
CA2722788C (en) | 2017-02-28 |
WO2009138888A3 (en) | 2010-01-07 |
CA2722788A1 (en) | 2009-11-19 |
KR101575384B1 (ko) | 2015-12-07 |
RU2010151120A (ru) | 2013-02-20 |
IL208661A (en) | 2014-02-27 |
BRPI0908608A2 (pt) | 2015-09-15 |
IL208661A0 (en) | 2010-12-30 |
KR20110016436A (ko) | 2011-02-17 |
CN102027169A (zh) | 2011-04-20 |
JP5456024B2 (ja) | 2014-03-26 |
EP2279298A2 (en) | 2011-02-02 |
RU2510988C2 (ru) | 2014-04-10 |
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