CN102015701B - Pim激酶抑制剂及其应用方法 - Google Patents
Pim激酶抑制剂及其应用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102015701B CN102015701B CN200980115821.7A CN200980115821A CN102015701B CN 102015701 B CN102015701 B CN 102015701B CN 200980115821 A CN200980115821 A CN 200980115821A CN 102015701 B CN102015701 B CN 102015701B
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- 101000595531 Homo sapiens Serine/threonine-protein kinase pim-1 Proteins 0.000 title claims description 17
- 102100036077 Serine/threonine-protein kinase pim-1 Human genes 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 90
- 229940043355 kinase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 title description 2
- 239000003757 phosphotransferase inhibitor Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 107
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- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- -1 amino, methyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 205
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims description 8
- LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N teixobactin Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H]1C(N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C[C@@H]2NC(=N)NC2)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O[C@H]1C)[C@@H](C)CC)=O)NC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 8
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- XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluoroform Chemical compound FC(F)F XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004202 aminomethyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
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- VUWZPRWSIVNGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound F[CH2] VUWZPRWSIVNGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FEIGOJWLHHRBHZ-ZDUSSCGKSA-N n-[4-[(3s)-3-aminopiperidin-1-yl]pyridin-3-yl]-2-(2-fluorophenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide Chemical compound C1[C@@H](N)CCCN1C1=CC=NC=C1NC(=O)C1=CSC(C=2C(=CC=CC=2)F)=N1 FEIGOJWLHHRBHZ-ZDUSSCGKSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XDPJTYJYUSGOBW-HNNXBMFYSA-N n-[4-[(3s)-3-aminopiperidin-1-yl]pyridin-3-yl]-2-cyclohexyl-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide Chemical compound C1[C@@H](N)CCCN1C1=CC=NC=C1NC(=O)C1=CSC(C2CCCCC2)=N1 XDPJTYJYUSGOBW-HNNXBMFYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- JLGPSJZWENLOLE-HNNXBMFYSA-N n-[4-[(3s)-3-aminopiperidin-1-yl]pyridin-3-yl]-2-phenyl-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide Chemical compound C1[C@@H](N)CCCN1C1=CC=NC=C1NC(=O)C1=CSC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 JLGPSJZWENLOLE-HNNXBMFYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium sulphate Substances [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 48
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 20
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 20
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Abstract
本发明涉及式(I)和(II)的新化合物及其互变异构体、立体异构体和多晶型物、和其药学上可接受的盐、酯、代谢物或前药,涉及所述新化合物与药学上可接受的载体的组合物,还涉及新化合物-单独使用或与至少一种其它治疗剂联合使用-在抑制Pim激酶活性和/或预防或治疗癌症中的用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及新化合物及其互变异构体、立体异构体和多晶型物、其药学上可接受的盐、酯、代谢物或前药,涉及新化合物与药学上可接受的载体的组合物,还涉及新化合物(单独使用或与至少一种其它治疗药物联合使用)在癌症预防或治疗中的用途。
背景技术
宿主细胞基因组中Maloney逆转录病毒的感染和基因组整合导致小鼠淋巴瘤的发展。Maloney原病毒整合激酶(Provirus Integration of MaloneyKinase)(PIM-激酶)被认为是常见的原癌基因之一,它能够通过这种逆转录病毒整合事件而被转录性激活(Cuypers HT等,“鼠白血病病毒诱导的T-细胞淋巴瘤生成:在不同染色体域中的原病毒整合”(“Murine leukemiavirus-induced T-cell lymphomagenesis:integration of proviruses in adistinct chromosomal region”),Cell 37(1):141-50(1984);Selten G等,“在MuLV诱导的T-细胞淋巴瘤中公认致癌基因Pim-1的原病毒激活”(“Proviral activation of the putative oncogene Pim-1 in MuLV inducedT-cell lymphomas”),EMBO J 4(7):1793-8(1985)),由此确立了该激酶的过度表达与其潜在致癌性之间的关联。序列同源性分析证明存在3种高同源性Pim-激酶(Pim1、2和3),Pim1最初是通过逆转录病毒整合鉴定的原癌基因。另外,过度表达Pim1或Pim2的转基因鼠显示T-细胞淋巴瘤的发生率有所增加(Breuer M等,“在pim-1转基因小鼠中通过化学致癌物导发的高淋巴瘤发生率”(“Very high frequency of lymphoma induction by achemical carcinogen in pim-1 transgenic mice”),Nature 340(6228):61-3(1989)),而c-myc的过度表达与B-细胞淋巴瘤的发生率有关(Verbeek S等,“携有Eμ-myc和Eμ-pim-1转基因的小鼠形成了胎儿期前-B-细胞白血病”(“Mice bearing the E mu-myc and E mu-pim-1 transgenes developpre-B-cell leukemia prenatally”),Mol Cell Biol 11(2):1176-9(1991))。因此,这些动物模型确立了血液恶性疾病(malignancies)中Pim过度表达和瘤形成之间具有显著的相关性。除了这些动物模型外,Pim过度表达在多种其他人类恶性疾病中也已有报道。Pim1、2和3过度表达常见于多种血液恶性疾病中(Amson R等,“人类原癌基因产物p33pim在胎儿血细胞生成期间以及不同白血病中表达”(“The human protooncogene product p33pim isexpressed during fetal hematopoiesis and in diverse leukemias”),PNASUSA 86(22):8857-61(1989);Cohen AM等,“hPim-2基因在人慢性淋巴细胞白血病和非霍奇金淋巴瘤中的表达增加”(“Increased expression of thehPim-2 gene in human chronic lymphocytic leukemia and non-Hodgkinlymphoma”),Leuk Lymph 45(5):951-5(2004),Huttmann A等,“基因表达的特征在于由ZAP-70和CD38表达状态所界定的不同B-细胞慢性淋巴细胞白血病预后亚群”(“Gene expression signatures separate B-cell chroniclymphocytic leukaemia prognostic subgroups defined by ZAP-70 andCD38 expression status”),Leukemia 20:1774-1782(2006)),也常见于前列腺癌中(Dhanasekaran SM等,“前列腺癌中预后生物标记的描述”(“Delineation of prognostic biomarkers in prostate cancer”),Nature412(6849):822-6(2001);Cibull TL等,“前列腺癌发展过程中Pim-1的过度表达”(“Overexpression of Pim-1 during progression of prostaticadenocarcinoma”),J Clin Pathol 59(3):285-8(2006)),而Pim3的过度表达常见于肝细胞癌中(Fujii C等,“肝细胞癌发展中丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶Pim-3的异常表达及其在人肝细胞瘤细胞系增殖中的作用”(“Aberrant expressionof serine/threonine kinase Pim-3 in hepatocellular carcinoma developmentand its role in the proliferation of human hepatoma cell lines”),Int JCancer 114:209-218(2005)),也常见于胰腺癌中(Li YY等,“Pim-3,一种具有丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶活性的原癌基因,在人胰腺癌中异常表达以及在人胰腺癌细胞系中磷酸化bad从而阻断bad-介导的细胞凋亡”(“Pim-3,aproto-oncogene with serine/threonine kinase activity,is aberrantlyexpressed in human pancreatic cancer and phosphorylates bad to blockbad-mediated apoptosis in human pancreatic cancer cell lines”),CancerRes 66(13):6741-7(2006))。
Pim1、2和3为丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶,它们在对生长因子和细胞因子有响应的血液细胞的生存和增殖中发挥正常作用。通过Jak/Stat通路的细胞因子信号导致Pim基因转录的激活和蛋白质的合成。对于激酶Pim活性而言,不需要其它翻译后的修饰。因此,下游信号主要在转录/翻译水平和蛋白周转水平(protein turnover level)上进行控制。Pim激酶的底物包括:细胞凋亡调节剂,例如Bcl-2家族成员BAD(Aho T等,“Pim-1激酶通过在Ser112门控位点对其磷酸化而促进前细胞凋亡Bad蛋白的失活”(″Pim-1kinase promotes inactivation of the pro-apoptotic Bad protein byphosphorylating it on the Ser112 gatekeeper site,”),FEBS Letters 571:43-49(2004));细胞周期调节剂,例如p21WFA1/CIP1(Wang Z等,“通过Pim-1激酶进行的细胞周期抑制剂p21Cip1/WAF1的磷酸化”(″Phosphorylationof the cell cycle inhibitor p21Cip1/WAF1 by Pim-1 kinase,″),BiochimBiophys Acta 1593:45-55(2002));CDC25A(1999);C-TAK(Bachmann M等,“致癌性丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶Pim-1磷酸化并抑制Cdc25C-相关激酶1(C-TAK1)的活化,Pim-1在G2/M细胞周期限制点处的新作用”(″TheOncogenic Serine/Threonine Kinase Pim-1 Phosphorylates and Inhibits theActivity of Cdc25C-associated Kinase 1(C-TAK1).A novel role for Pim-1atthe G2/M cell cycle checkpoint,″),J Biol Chem 179:48319-48328(2004));NuMA(Bhattacharya N等,“Pim-1与有丝分裂所必需的蛋白复合物之间的联系”(″Pim-1 associates with protein complexes necessary for mitosis,″),Chromosoma 111(2):80-95(2002))和蛋白合成调节剂4EBP1(HammermanPS等,“Pim和Akt癌基因是血液细胞生长和存活的独立调节剂”(“Pim andAkt oncogenes are independent regulators of hematopoietic cell growthand survival”),Blood 105(11):4477-83(2005))。Pim在这些调节剂中的作用与避免细胞凋亡的保护作用以及细胞增殖和生长的促进作用是一致的。因此,Pim在癌症中的过度表达被认为在促进癌细胞存活和增殖中起到了作用,所以,对它们的抑制应该是治疗其过度表达的癌症的有效途径。实际上,多个报道显示,用siRNA击倒Pim的表达导致增殖的抑制和细胞死亡(Dai JM等,“靶向丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶pim-2的反义寡聚脱氧核苷酸抑制DU-145细胞的增殖”(″Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides targeting theserine/threonine kinase Pim-2 inhibited proliferation of DU-145 cell,″),Acta Pharmacol Sin 26(3):364-8(2005);Fujii等2005;Li等2006)。另外,多种已知癌基因在血液恶性疾病中的突变激活被认为至少部分通过Pim而发挥其作用。例如,pim表达的靶向下调使得被Flt3和BCR/ABL转化的造血细胞的存活受到损害(Adam等,2006)。因此,Pim1、2和3的抑制剂可以用于治疗这些恶性疾病。除了在癌症治疗和骨髓增生性疾病治疗中的可能作用外,此类抑制剂还可能在其他病理情况(例如自身免疫性疾病、过敏性反应以及器官移植排斥综合征)中用于控制免疫细胞的扩张。下列发现支持了这个观点:IL-12和IFN-α导致的Th1 T-辅助细胞分化诱导了Pim1和2的表达(Aho T等,“促进1型T辅助细胞而非2型T辅助细胞分化的细胞因子选择性上调人Pim家族基因的表达”(″Expression of human Pimfamily genes is selectively up-regulated by cytokines promoting T helpertype 1,but not T helper type 2,cell differentiation,″),Immunology 116:82-88(2005))。另外,通过免疫抑制TGF-β在两种细胞类型中能够抑制Pim的表达(Aho等,2005)。这些结果显示,Pim激酶与T-辅助细胞的早期分化过程有关,所述T-辅助细胞能够在自身免疫性疾病、过敏性反应以及组织移植排斥反应中协调免疫应答。
对于能够抑制毛细血管增生、抑制肿瘤生长、治疗癌症、调节细胞周期阻滞和/或抑制分子(例如Pim1、Pim2和Pim3)的化合物以及含有此类化合物的药物制剂以及药物的需求一直存在。对于施用此类化合物、药物制剂和药物至有其需要的患者或个体的方法的需求也存在。
发明概述
本发明提供式I化合物或者其立体异构体、互变异构体或药学上可接受的盐,
其中,
R1选自
和
X代表CH或N;
R2a选自氨基、甲基、CH2F、CF3、C2H5和H;
R2b选自H和甲基;
R3选自H、OH、OCH3、CH3、F和Cl;
R4a选自氨基、甲基、OH、OCH3、OC2H5、F、CF3、H和乙基;
R4b选自甲基、H和F;
R21代表H或F;
R22代表H、Cl或F;
R23代表F、OC2H5、OCH3、Cl、H、甲基、OH或OCH(CH3)2;且
R24代表H或OH。
在另一方面,本发明提供式II化合物或者其立体异构体、互变异构体或药学上可接受的盐,
其中:
R1选自-NH-CO-烷基、取代的或未取代的环烷基、取代的或未取代的杂环烷基、取代的或未取代的芳基、和取代的或未取代的杂芳基;
X代表CH或N;
R2a选自-H、-OH、烷基、烷氧基、卤代烷基、氨基烷基、羟基烷基、卤素、氨基和苯甲酸酯(bezoate);
R2b选自-H和烷基;
R3选自H、OH、烷基、烷氧基和卤素;
R4a选自-OH、烷基、烷氧基、卤代烷基、氨基烷基、羟基烷基、卤素和氨基;且
R4b选自H、烷基和卤素。
本发明的另一方面提供组合物,其包含:治疗有效量的式I或式II化合物或者其立体异构体、互变异构体或药学上可接受的盐,以及药学上可接受的载体。
本发明的另一方面提供了抑制细胞中PIM激酶活性的方法,该方法包括使细胞与有效量的式I或式II化合物接触。本发明的另外一方面提供通过调节Maloney原病毒整合激酶(PIM激酶)活性治疗疾患的方法,该方法包括将有效量的式I或式II化合物施用至有此治疗需要的患者。
发明详述
一方面,本发明提供式I化合物或者其立体异构体、互变异构体或药学上可接受的盐,
其中,
R1选自
和
X代表CH或N;
R2a选自氨基、甲基、CH2F、CF3、C2H5和H;
R2b选自H和甲基;
R3选自H、OH、OCH3、CH3、F和Cl;
R4a选自氨基、甲基、OH、OCH3、OC2H5、F、CF3、H和乙基;
R4b选自甲基、H和F;
R21代表H或F;
R22代表H、Cl或F;
R23代表F、OC2H5、OCH3、Cl、H、甲基、OH或OCH(CH3)2;且
R24代表H或OH。
在另一方面,本发明提供式II化合物或者其立体异构体、互变异构体或药学上可接受的盐,
其中:
R1选自-NH-CO-烷基、取代的或未取代的环烷基、取代的或未取代的杂环烷基、取代的或未取代的芳基、和取代的或未取代的杂芳基;
X代表CH或N;
R2a选自-H、-OH、烷基、烷氧基、卤代烷基、氨基烷基、羟基烷基、卤素、氨基和苯甲酸酯;
R2b选自-H和烷基;
R3选自H、OH、烷基、烷氧基和卤素;
R4a选自-OH、烷基、烷氧基、卤代烷基、氨基烷基、羟基烷基、卤素和氨基;且
R4b选自H、烷基和卤素。
在一些方面中,本发明提供其中R1选自取代的或未取代的苯基、取代的或未取代的环己基、和取代的或未取代的哌啶基的式II化合物。在其它方面中,本发明提供如下式II化合物,其中R1选自
和
其中:
R21是H或卤素;
R22是H或卤素;
R23选自H、卤素、烷基和烷氧基;且
R24是H或OH。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,R21和R22独立地选自H或F。在其它实施方案中,R23选自H、Cl、F、-OC2H5、-OCH3和-OCH(CH3)2。
在其它实施方案中,本发明提供其中R2选自H、甲基、乙基、甲氧基、乙氧基、氟甲基、三氟甲基、氨基甲基和羟基甲基的式II化合物。
其它的实施方案提供其中R3选自H、-OH、甲基、甲氧基、F和Cl的式II化合物。
在一些实施方案中,本发明提供其中R4a选自-OH、甲基、乙基、三氟甲基、甲氧基、乙氧基、氨基、F和Cl的式II化合物。其它实施方案提供其中R4b选自甲基和F的式II化合物。
在一些优选的实施方案中,本发明提供选自下列化合物的式I或式II化合物:(S)-5-氨基-N-(4-(3-氨基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4-((3S,5R)-3-氨基-5-甲基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4-((3R,4R,5S)-3-氨基-4-羟基-5-甲基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺、5-氨基-N-(4-((1R,3S)-3-氨基环己基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4-((3S,5R)-3-氨基-5-(三氟甲基)哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4-((3S,5R)-3-氨基-5-乙基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4-((1R,3S,5S)-3-氨基-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟-4-羟基苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺、5-氨基-N-(4-(3-氨基-4-羟基环己基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4-(3-氨基-5-(氟甲基)哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4-((1R,3S,5S)-3-氨基-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟-3-甲氧基苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺、5-氨基-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)-N-(4-((1R,3S,5S)-3-羟基-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4-((1R,3S,5S)-3-氨基-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4-(3-氨基-4-甲基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4-((1R,3S,5S)-3-氨基-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(3-乙氧基-2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺,或者其立体异构体、互变异构体或药学上可接受的盐。
在其它优选的实施方案中,本发明提供选自以下的式I或式II化合物:(S)-5-氨基-N-(4-(3-氨基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4-((3S,5R)-3-氨基-5-甲基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4-((3R,4R,5S)-3-氨基-4-羟基-5-甲基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺、5-氨基-N-(4-((1R,3S)-3-氨基环己基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4-((3S,5R)-3-氨基-5-(三氟甲基)哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4-((3S,5R)-3-氨基-5-乙基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4-((1R,3S,5S)-3-氨基-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟-4-羟基苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺、5-氨基-N-(4-(3-氨基-4-羟基环己基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4-(3-氨基-5-(氟甲基)哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4-((1R,3S,5S)-3-氨基-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟-3-甲氧基苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺、5-氨基-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)-N-(4-((1R,3S,5S)-3-羟基-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4-((1R,3S,5S)-3-氨基-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺,或者其立体异构体、互变异构体或药学上可接受的盐。
本发明的另一方面提供组合物,该组合物包含:治疗有效量的式I或式II化合物或者其立体异构体、互变异构体或药学上可接受的盐,以及药学上可接受的载体。
本发明的另一方面提供抑制细胞中PIM激酶活性的方法,该方法包括使细胞与有效量的式I或式II化合物接触。本发明的另外一方面提供通过调节Maloney原病毒整合激酶(PIM激酶)活性治疗疾患的方法,该方法包括将有效量的式I或式II化合物施用至有此治疗需要的患者。
本发明的该方面的优选的实施方案提供治疗患者的癌症的方法,该方法包括将包含有效抑制患者的PIM激酶活性的量的权利要求1或权利要求10的化合物的组合物施用至患者。
本发明的另一方面提供用作治疗剂的任何式I或式II化合物。本发明的另外一方面提供任何一种式I或式II化合物在制备治疗癌症的药物中的用途。
定义
在文中所用的“PIM抑制剂”指就PIM激酶活性而言具有不超过约100μM、更通常不超过约50μM的IC50的化合物,所述值根据后面所述的PIM损耗(depletion)实验测定。
术语“烷基”意指不含有杂原子的烷基基团。因此,该术语包括直链烷基基团,例如甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、壬基、癸基、十一烷基、十二烷基等。
如文中所用,术语“卤素”或“卤代”意指氯、溴、氟和碘基团。“卤代烷基”意指被一个或多个卤素原子取代的烷基基团。术语“卤代低级烷基”意指被一个或多个卤素原子取代的低级烷基基团。术语“卤代烷氧基”意指被一个或多个卤素原子取代的烷氧基基团。术语“卤代低级烷氧基”意指被一个或多个卤素原子取代的低级烷氧基基团。
“氨基”在文中指基团-NH2,其可以被取代从而形成-NRR′。术语“烷基氨基”在文中指基团-NRR′,其中R和R′各自独立地选自氢或低级烷基。术语“芳基氨基”在文中指基团-NRR′,其中R是芳基且R′是氢、低级烷基或芳基。术语“芳烷基氨基”在文中指基团-NRR′,其中R是低级芳烷基且R′是氢、低级烷基、芳基或低级芳烷基。
术语“烷氧基”意指RO-,其中R是取代的或未取代的烷基。低级烷氧基基团的代表性实例包括甲氧基、乙氧基、叔丁氧基、三氟甲氧基等。
“环烷基”意指单-或多环、杂环或碳环烷基取代基。典型的环烷基取代基具有3-8个骨架(即环)原子,其中每一个骨架原子是碳原子或者为杂原子。术语“杂环烷基”或“杂环基”在本文中意指环烷基取代基,在其环结构中具有1-5个(更通常为1-4个)杂原子。本发明化合物中采用的适当的杂原子为氮、氧和硫。具有代表性的杂环烷基基团包括例如吗啉代、哌嗪基、哌啶基等。碳环烷基基团为其中所有环原子均为碳的环烷基基团。当与环烷基取代基结合使用时,术语“多环”在本文中是指稠合和非稠合的烷基环结构。
“芳基”是指具有3-14个骨架碳原子或杂原子的任选取代的单环和多环芳族基团,且包括碳环芳基基团和杂环芳基基团。碳环芳基基团为芳环中所有的环原子均为碳的芳基基团。术语“杂芳基”在本文中意指在芳环中具有1-4个作为环原子的杂原子而其余的环原子为碳原子的芳基基团。当与芳基取代基结合使用时,术语“多环芳基”在本文中意指稠合和非稠合环结构,其中至少一个环结构为芳族的,例如苯并二氧戊环基(benzodioxozolo)(它具有与苯基稠合的杂环结构,即)、萘基等。本发明化合物中用作取代基的示例性芳基基团包括苯基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、噻唑基、吲哚基、咪唑基、二唑基、四唑基、吡嗪基、三唑基、噻吩基、呋喃基、喹啉基、嘌呤基、萘基、苯并噻唑基、苯并吡啶基和苯并咪唑基等。
“任选取代的”或“取代的”意指一或多个氢原子被单价或二价基团所代替。适当的取代基包括例如羟基、硝基、氨基、亚氨基、氰基、卤素、硫代(thio)、磺酰基、硫代酰氨基(thioamido)、脒基、亚氨基(imidino)、氧代、氨肟基(oxamidino)、Methoxamidino、亚氨基(imidino)、胍基、磺酰氨基、羧基、甲酰基、低级烷基、卤代低级烷基、低级烷基氨基、卤代低级烷基氨基、低级烷氧基、卤代低级烷氧基、低级烷氧基烷基、烷基羰基、氨基羰基、芳基羰基、芳烷基羰基、杂芳基羰基、杂芳烷基羰基、烷硫基、氨基烷基、氰基烷基、芳基等。
取代基自身可以被取代。在取代基上取代的基团可以是羧基、卤素、硝基、氨基、氰基、羟基、低级烷基、低级烷氧基、氨基羰基、-SR、硫代酰氨基、-SO3H、-SO2R或环烷基,其中R通常为氢、羟基或低级烷基。
可以理解的是,上述定义应当不包括不被允许的取代模式(例如,被5个氟取代的甲基或被另一个卤素原子取代的卤素原子)。此类不被允许的取代模式对于技术人员而言是熟知的。
对于本领域技术人员而言也是显而易见的是,本发明化合物,包括式(I)或(II)化合物或其立体异构体以及其任何药学上可接受的盐、酯、代谢物和前药,可以进行互变异构化,因此可以存在各种互变异构形式(其中分子的一个原子的质子转移到另一个原子上,分子的原子之间的化学键随后进行重排)。参见,例如,March,高等有机化学:反应、机理及结构(AdvancedOrganic Chemistry:Reactions,Mechanisms and Structures),第四版,JohnWiley & Sons,第69-74页(1992)。本文中所使用的术语“互变异构体”是指通过质子转移而产生的化合物,应当理解的是,所有的互变异构形式(只要在它们可能存在)均包括在本发明范围内。
本发明化合物,包括式(I)或(II)化合物或其立体异构体以及其任何药学上可接受的盐、酯、代谢物和前药,可以包含不对称取代的碳原子。此类不对称取代的碳原子可以使得本发明化合物以对映异构体、非对映异构体以及其它立体异构形式存在,它们可以根据绝对立体化学而定义为例如(R)-或(S)-构型。因此,本发明化合物的所有此类可能的异构体、光学纯形式的单一立体异构体、它们的混合物、外消旋混合物(或“外消旋物”)、非对映异构体混合物、单一非对映异构体均包含在本发明中。本文中所使用的术语“S”和“R”构型根据下面定义:IUPAC 1974 Recommendations forSection E,Fundamental Stereochemistry,Pure Appl.Chem.45:13-30(1976)。术语α和β用于环状化合物的环位置。参照平面的α-侧为优选的取代基位于较低编号位置的一侧。位于参照平面相反一侧的那些取代基采用β描述符。需要注意的是,该用法与用于环状立体母核的用法有所区别,在环状母核中“α”是指“平面下面”并代表绝对构型。本文中所使用的术语α和β构型根据Chemical Abstracts Index Guide-Appendix IV(1987)第203段定义。
本文中所使用的术语“药学上可接受的盐”是指式(I)或(II)化合物的非毒性酸或碱土金属盐。这些盐可以在式(I)或(II)化合物进行最后分离和纯化过程中原位制备,或者通过使碱或酸官能团分别与适当的有机或无机酸或者碱反应而分别制备。具有代表性的盐包括但不限于下列:乙酸盐、己二酸盐、藻酸盐、柠檬酸盐、天冬氨酸盐、苯甲酸盐、苯磺酸盐、硫酸氢盐、丁酸盐、樟脑酸盐、樟脑磺酸盐、二葡糖酸盐、环戊烷丙酸盐、十二烷硫酸盐、乙磺酸盐、葡庚糖酸盐、甘油磷酸盐、半硫酸盐、庚酸盐、己酸盐、富马酸盐、盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、氢碘酸盐、2-羟基乙磺酸盐、乳酸盐、马来酸盐、甲磺酸盐、烟酸盐、2-萘磺酸盐、草酸盐、扑酸盐、果胶酸盐、过硫酸盐、3-苯基丙酸盐(phenylproionate)、苦味酸盐、新戊酸盐、丙酸盐、琥珀酸盐、硫酸盐、酒石酸盐、硫氰酸盐、对-甲苯磺酸盐和十一酸盐。此外,碱性含氮基团可以被如下试剂季铵盐化:低级烷基卤化物,例如甲基、乙基、丙基和丁基氯化物、溴化物和碘化物;二烷基硫酸酯,例如二甲基、二乙基、二丁基和二戊基硫酸酯;长链卤化物,例如癸基、十二烷基、十四烷基和十八烷基氯化物、溴化物和碘化物;芳烷基卤化物,例如苄基和苯乙基溴化物等。如此可获得水或油溶性或可分散的产物。
可以用于形成药学上可接受的酸加成盐的酸的实例包括如下的酸:无机酸,例如盐酸、硫酸和磷酸;和有机酸,例如草酸、马来酸、甲烷磺酸、琥珀酸和柠檬酸。碱性加成盐可以在式(I)化合物的最后分离和纯化过程中原位制备,或者通过使羧酸基团与适当的碱(例如药学上可接受的金属阳离子的氢氧化物、碳酸盐或碳酸氢盐)反应分别制备,或者与氨或有机伯、仲或叔胺反应制备。药学上可接受的盐包括但不限于:基于碱金属和碱土金属的阳离子,例如钠、锂、钾、钙、镁、铝盐等,以及非毒性铵、季铵和胺阳离子,包括但不限于铵、四甲基铵、四乙基铵、甲基胺、二甲基胺、三甲基胺、三乙胺、乙胺等。用于形成碱加成盐的其它具有代表性的有机胺包括二乙胺、乙二胺、乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、哌嗪等。
本文中所使用的术语“药学上可接受的酯”是指能够在体内水解的酯,包括那些在人体内易于分解而释放出母体化合物或其盐的酯。适当的酯包括例如衍生自药学上可接受的脂肪族羧酸的那些,所述肪族羧酸特别是烷酸、烯酸、环烷酸和烷二酸,其中每一个烷基或烯基最好含有不多于6个碳原子。具体的酯的实例包括甲酸酯、乙酸酯、丙酸酯、丁酸酯、丙烯酸酯和乙基琥珀酸酯。
本文中所使用的术语“药学上可接受的前药”是指本发明化合物的前药,在良好的医学判断范围内,它们适用于与人类和低等动物的组织接触而不会产生不当的毒性、刺激性、过敏反应等,具有合理的效益/风险比,产生预期的适用效果,如果可能的话,还指本发明化合物的两性离子。术语“前药”是指例如通过在血液中水解在体内快速转化而获得上式母体化合物的化合物。详尽的讨论可以参见下列文献:T.Higuchi和V.Stella,作为新型传递系统的前药(Pro-drugs as Novel Delivery Systems),A.C.S.专题报告丛书(A.C.S.Symposium Series)的第14卷;Edward B.Roche,ed.,药物设计中的生物可逆载体(Bioreversible Carriers in Drug Design),American Pharmaceutical Association and Pergamon Press,1987,这两篇文献在此引入作为参考。
对于本领域技术人员而言显而易见的是,本发明化合物,包括式(I)或(II)化合物或其互变异构体、前药和立体异构体以及其任何药学上可接受的盐、酯和前药,可以在人类或者动物体内或细胞内通过代谢过程产生代谢物。本文中使用的术语“代谢物”是指给予母体化合物后在个体中产生的任何衍生物。衍生物可以通过在个体中的各种生物化学转化例如氧化、还原、水解或轭合而由母体化合物产生,包括,例如氧化物和去甲基化的衍生物。本发明化合物的代谢物可以通过本领域中已知的常规技术进行鉴定。参见,例如,Bertolini,G.等,J.Med.Chem.40:2011-2016(1997);Shan,D.等,J.Pharm.Sci.86(7):765-767;Bagshawe K.,Drug Dev.Res.34:220-230(1995);Bodor,N.,Advances in Drug Res.13:224-331(1984);Bundgaard,H.,前药的设计(Design of Prodrugs)(Elsevier Press 1985);和Larsen,I.K.,前药设计和应用,药物设计和开发(Design and Application of Prodrugs,DrugDesign and Development)(Krogsgaard-Larsen等编辑.,HarwoodAcademic Publishers,1991)。应当理解,作为式(I)或(II)化合物或其互变异构体、前药和立体异构体以及其任何药学上可接受的盐、酯和前药的代谢物的各个化合物均包含在本发明范围内。
术语“癌症”是指通过Pim激酶的抑制而能够获得有益治疗的癌症疾病,包括:例如,实体癌症例如癌(例如肺癌、胰腺癌、甲状腺癌、卵巢癌、膀胱癌、乳腺癌、前列腺癌或结肠癌)、黑素瘤、髓性疾病(例如髓性白血病、多发性骨髓瘤和红细胞白血病)、腺瘤(例如结肠绒毛状腺瘤)和肉瘤(例如骨肉瘤)。
合成方法
本发明化合物可以通过本领域技术人员已知的方法获得。例如,如流程1中所示,可以使4-氯-3-硝基吡啶与亲核试剂反应,在硝基还原后得到4-取代的3-氨基吡啶I。取代的氨基吡啶I可以在偶联剂的帮助下用噻唑甲酸类化合物进行酰化,或用酰氯或酸酐进行酰化,得到3,4二取代的吡啶II。如果噻唑的2位R基团是溴、三氟甲磺酸酯或碘,则可以通过金属介导的碳-碳键形成反应实现在该位置的进一步修饰,以引入不同取代基。
流程1.
如流程1中所示的4-氯-3-硝基吡啶与亲核试剂的反应不限于基于氮的亲核试剂;碳-碳键还可以通过仅加入碳亲核试剂来形成。如流程2所示,环己烷二酮类化合物可以经由单三氟甲磺酸酯转化为相应的环己烯酮硼酸酯,该环己烯酮硼酸酯可以与4-氯-3-硝基吡啶进行钯介导的碳-碳键形成,得到硝基吡啶取代的环己烯酮III。还原烯酮官能团能得到环己烯醇IV,环己烯醇IV经醇保护、硝基和烯烃还原、酰胺偶联和脱保护可以得到环己醇酰胺V。环己烯醇IV还可以与邻苯二甲酰亚胺进行Mitsunobo反应,得到保护的氨基环己烯V。在硝基和烯烃还原后,邻苯二甲酰亚胺保护的氨基环己基吡啶基苯胺VIIa可以进行酰胺偶联和脱保护,得到氨基环己烷酰胺VIII。相应的Boc保护的氨基环己烷吡啶基苯胺VIIb还可以由环己烯醇IV以下面的方法制备:醇保护、烯烃和硝基还原、吡啶基胺Cbz保护、甲硅烷基醚脱保护、Dess-Martin氧化成环己酮、与苄胺还原胺化、Cbz和苄基脱保护和脂肪族伯胺Boc保护。在酰胺产物V和VIII中,如果R2是卤素或三氟甲磺酸酯,酰胺IV和VIII可以通过标准修饰法进一步修饰,以在R2处引入取代的芳基、烷基和杂芳基。例如,如果R2是Br,通过与硼酸类化合物或有机金属试剂反应,或转化为相应的硼酸酯并与芳基/杂芳基卤化物或三氟甲磺酸酯反应,多种R2修饰是可行的。
流程2.
具有取代的环己基基团的噻唑酰胺类可以通过修饰硝基吡啶基环己烯醇IV来获得。如流程3中所示,可以使环己烯醇IV脱水得到环己二烯,该环己二烯通过环氧化(经溴醇(bromohydrin)形成和HBr消除进行,或由mCPBA直接进行)和叠氮化物环氧开环产生环己烯基叠氮基醇IX。环己烯基叠氮基醇IX可以通过叠氮化物还原、醇保护及烯烃和硝基还原转化为反式的保护的氨基羟基苯胺Xa。或者,通过叠氮化物还原和Boc保护、醇甲磺酰化和分子内环化成顺式环状氨基甲酸酯,随后通过Boc保护以及烯烃和硝基还原,环己烯基叠氮基醇IX可以转化为保护的顺式的氨基羟基苯胺Xb。通过酰胺偶联、乙酸酯或环状氨基甲酸酯裂解和Boc脱保护,得到的环己基吡啶基苯胺Xa和Xb可以转化为相应的噻唑酰胺XIa和XIb。如果R2是卤素或三氟甲磺酸酯,酰胺XIa、XIb和XII可以通过标准修饰法进一步修饰,以在酰胺键形成后和全脱保护前在R2处引入取代的芳基、烷基和杂芳基。例如,如果R2是Br,通过与硼酸类化合物或有机金属试剂反应,或转化为相应的硼酸酯并与芳基/杂芳基卤化物或三氟甲磺酸酯反应,多种R2修饰是可行的。
流程3.
如流程4中所示,取代的3-氨基哌啶类可以被制备和修饰,得到取代的3-氨基哌啶基噻唑酰胺XII。硼酸巴豆基酯与SerOBn醛反应,随后进行环状氨基甲酸酯形成、烯烃氧化裂解和还原,得到羟基化合物XIII。苄基脱保护,随后双甲苯磺酰化并与对甲氧基苄胺反应,以及胺脱保护,得到哌啶XIV。通过使用手性硼酸酯和不同的L和D丝氨酸衍生的醛类,可以获得生成的三取代的5-烷基,4-羟基,3-氨基哌啶的所有可能的非对映异构体。取代的哌啶XIV与4-氯-3-硝基吡啶反应,随后进行氨基甲酸酯保护、硝基还原、酰胺偶联、环状氨基甲酸酯开环和脱保护,得到三取代的5-甲基,4-羟基,3-氨基哌啶基噻唑酰胺XII。如果R2是卤素或三氟甲磺酸酯,酰胺XII可以通过标准修饰法进一步修饰,以在酰胺键形成后和全脱保护前在R2处引入取代的芳基、烷基和杂芳基。例如,如果R2是Br,通过与硼酸类化合物或有机金属试剂反应,或转化为相应的硼酸酯并与芳基/杂芳基卤化物或三氟甲磺酸酯反应,多种R2修饰是可行的。
流程4.
本发明化合物可在体外或体内用于抑制癌细胞的生长。化合物可以单独使用,或者在组合物中与药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂一起使用。适当的药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂包括例如处理剂以及药物递送改良剂和增强剂,例如,磷酸钙、硬脂酸镁、滑石粉、单糖类、二糖类、淀粉、明胶、纤维素、甲基纤维素、羧基甲基纤维素钠、葡萄糖、羟丙基-β-环糊精、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、低熔点蜡类、离子交换树脂等以及它们中任何两种或多种的组合。其它适当的药学上可接受的赋形剂描述于“雷明顿制药科学(Remington′s Pharmaceutical Sciences)”,Mack Pub.Co.,NewJersey(1991),在此引入作为参考。
本发明化合物的有效量通常包括足以可检测地(detectably)抑制Pim活性的任何量,所述抑制通过本文中所述的任何分析方法(assay)进行检测,通过本领域技术人员已知的其它Pim激酶活性分析方法检测,或者通过测定癌症症状的抑制或缓解检测。
可以与载体物质组合形成单一剂型的活性成分的量取决于待治疗的宿主和具体的施用(administration)模式。然而,应当理解,任何特定患者的具体剂量取决于各种因素,包括采用的具体化合物的活性、年龄、体重、一般健康情况、性别、饮食、施用时间、施用途径、排泄速率、药物组合以及正在治疗的特定疾病的严重程度。对于给定条件而言,治疗有效量可以通过常规实验容易地确定,这在普通临床医师的技能和判断范围内。
对于本发明的目的而言,治疗有效剂量通常为以单次或多次剂量施用至宿主的总日剂量,可以是每日每千克体重0.001至1000mg,更优选为每日每千克体重1.0至30mg。单位剂量组合物可以含有用于构成所述日剂量的其约数(submultiples)量。
本发明化合物可以通过单位剂量制剂通过口服、胃肠外、舌下施用,通过雾化或吸入喷雾施用,通过直肠或局部施用,所述制剂含有常规无毒药学上可接受的载体、辅助剂以及需要的溶媒。局部施用也包括透皮施用的应用,例如透皮贴剂或离子电泳装置。本文中使用的术语胃肠外包括皮下注射、静脉注射、肌肉注射、胸骨内注射或输注技术。
注射制剂(例如,无菌注射用水性混悬剂或油性混悬剂)可以根据已知的工艺采用适当的分散剂或润湿剂和助悬剂进行配制。无菌注射用制剂也可以是在无毒胃肠外可接受稀释剂或溶剂中的无菌注射用溶液剂或混悬剂,例如,在1,3-丙二醇中的溶液剂。在可接受的溶媒和溶剂中,可以采用水、林格氏溶液和等渗氯化钠溶液。另外,无菌、不挥发性油通常用作溶剂或混悬介质。为此,可以采用任何刺激性小的不挥发性油,包括合成的单-或二-甘油酯。另外,脂肪酸(例如油酸)也可以用于注射剂的制备。
用于药物直肠施用的栓剂可以通过将药物与适当的无刺激性赋形剂(如可可脂和聚乙二醇)混合而制备,所述赋形剂在常温下是固体,但是在直肠温度下为液体,因而在直肠内熔融并释放药物。
用于口服施用的固体剂型可以包括胶囊、片剂、丸剂、散剂和颗粒剂。在此类固体剂型中,活性化合物可以与至少一种惰性稀释剂(例如蔗糖、乳糖或淀粉)混合。在常规实践中,除了惰性稀释剂外,此类剂型也可以含有其它物质,例如润滑剂,如硬脂酸镁。对于胶囊、片剂和丸剂而言,该剂型也可以含有缓冲剂。片剂和丸剂可以额外地采用肠包衣制备。
用于口服施用的液体剂型可以包括药学上可接受的乳剂、溶液剂、混悬剂、糖浆剂和酏剂,它们含有本领域中常规应用的惰性稀释剂,例如水。此类组合物也可以含有辅助剂,例如润湿剂、乳化剂和助悬剂、环糊精和甜味剂、矫味剂以及芳香剂。
本发明化合物也可以以脂质体的形式施用。如本领域所已知,脂质体通常源自磷脂或其它脂质物质。脂质体是由分散在水性介质中的单-或多-层水合的液态晶体形成。可以使用能够形成脂质体的任何无毒、生理学上可接受的并且可代谢的脂质。除了本发明化合物外,脂质体形式的本发明组合物还可以含有稳定剂、防腐剂、赋形剂等。优选的脂质为磷脂和磷脂酰胆碱(卵磷脂),它们可以是天然的和合成的。形成脂质体的方法在本领域中是已知的。参见,例如,Prescott,Ed.,细胞生物学方法(Methods in CellBiology),第XIV卷,学术出版社,纽约,N.W.,第33页,et seq.(1976)。
本发明化合物可以作为单一活性药物物质施用,它们也可以与一或多种在癌症治疗中应用的其它物质组合使用。本发明化合物也可以与已知的治疗剂以及抗癌物质组合使用,本发明公开的化合物与其它抗癌或化疗物质的组合包含在本发明范围内。此类物质的实例可以参见Cancer Principlesand Practice of Oncology,V.T.Devita和S.Hellman(编辑),第6版(2001年2月15日),Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers。根据药物以及所涉及癌症的特定性质,本领域技术人员能够识别所述物质的哪一种组合是有用的。此类抗癌物质包括但不限于下列:雌激素受体调节剂、雄激素受体调节剂、维甲酸(retinoid)受体调节剂、细胞毒性剂/细胞生长抑制剂、抗增殖剂、异戊二烯基蛋白转移酶抑制剂、HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂和其它血管生成抑制剂、细胞增殖和存活信号抑制剂、细胞凋亡诱导剂以及干扰细胞周期关键点的物质。本发明化合物也可以与放疗联合应用。
因此,在本发明的一个实施方案中,本发明化合物还可以与已知的抗癌物质组合使用,所述抗癌物质包括例如雌激素受体调节剂、雄激素受体调节剂、维甲酸受体调节剂、细胞毒性剂、抗增殖剂、异戊二烯基蛋白转移酶抑制剂、HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂、HIV蛋白酶抑制剂、逆转录酶抑制剂及其它血管生成抑制剂。
在本发明的某些优选的实施方案中,可与本发明化合物组合使用治疗癌症的具有代表性的物质包括:例如,伊立替康、拓扑替康、吉西他滨、5-氟尿嘧啶、甲酰四氢叶酸、卡铂、顺铂、紫杉烷类、替扎他滨(tezacitabine)、环磷酰胺、长春花属(vinca)生物碱类、伊马替尼(Gleevec)、蒽环类、利妥昔单抗、曲妥珠单抗以及其它癌症化疗物质。
与本发明化合物组合应用的上述化合物可以以Physicians′DeskReference(PDR)第47版(1993)(该文献在此引入作为参考)所指明的治疗量使用,或者以本领域技术人员所知的治疗有效量使用。
本发明化合物和其它抗癌物质可以以推荐的最大临床剂量或较小剂量施用。本发明组合物中活性化合物的剂量水平可以根据施用的途径、疾病的严重程度以及患者的响应而变化,以获得预期的治疗响应。所述组合可以以各独立的组合物施用,或者以含有两种药物的单一剂型施用。当以组合形式施用时,治疗剂可以制备为各独立的组合物,所述组合物可以在相同时间或不同时间施用,或者治疗剂可以以单一组合物施用。
通过参考下列实施例可以更容易地理解本发明,下列实施例用于说明而非限定本发明。
用于下列实施例化合物中的具有代表性的侧链通常根据下列方法制备:
实施例
对于下列实施例而言,优选实施方案的化合物采用本文中所述方法制备,或者采用其它本领域已知的方法制备。
化合物和/或中间体采用配备2695 Separation Module的WatersMillenium色谱系统(Milford,MA)通过高效液相色谱法(HPLC)鉴定。分析柱为反相Phenomenex Luna C18-5μ,4.6×50mm,Alltech(Deerfield,IL)。采用梯度洗脱(流速2.5mL/min),通常开始时用5%乙腈/95%水并在10分钟内逐渐过渡至100%乙腈。所有的溶剂均含有0.1%三氟乙酸(TFA)。通过紫外线(UV)吸收于220或254nm检测化合物。HPLC溶剂获自Burdickand Jackson(Muskegan,MI)或Fisher Scientific(Pittsburgh,PA)。
在某些情况下,通过薄层色谱(TLC)采用玻璃或塑料硅胶板例如Baker-Flex Silica Gel 1B2-F柔性板(flexible sheet)测定纯度。TLC结果可以在紫外光下容易地通过视觉检测,或者通过应用众所周知的碘蒸气技术和其它各种染色技术检测。
质谱分析在三种LCMS设备之一上进行:Waters System(Alliance HTHPLC和Micromass ZQ质谱仪;柱:Eclipse XDB-C18,2.1×50mm;梯度:在4分钟内,含有0.05%TFA的5-95%(或35-95%或65-95%或95-95%)乙腈水溶液;流速0.8mL/min;分子量范围200-1500;锥电压(cone Voltage)20V;柱温40℃);另一种Waters System(ACQUITYUPLC系统和ZQ 2000系统;柱:ACQUITY UPLC HSS-C18,1.8um,2.1×50mm;梯度:在1.3分钟内,含有0.05%TFA的5-95%(或35-95%或65-95%或95-95%)乙腈水溶液;流速1.2mL/min;分子量范围150-850;锥电压20V;柱温50℃);或Hewlett Packard System(Series 1100HPLC;柱:Eclipse XDB-C18,2.1×50mm;梯度:在4分钟内,含有0.05%TFA的5-95%乙腈水溶液;流速0.8mL/min;分子量范围150-850;锥电压50V;柱温30℃)。所有的质量均以质子化的母体离子报告。
GCMS分析在Hewlett Packard设备(HP6890 Series气相色谱,配备有Mass Selective Detector 5973;注射体积:1μL;初始柱温:50℃;最终柱温:250℃;斜坡时间(ramp time):20分钟;气体流速:1mL/min;柱:5%苯基甲基硅氧烷,Model No.HP 190915-443,尺寸:30.0m×25m×0.25m)上进行。
核磁共振(NMR)分析可以采用Varian 300或400MHz NMR(Palo Alto,CA)进行。波谱参照可以为TMS或已知化学位移的溶剂。
某些化合物的纯度通过元素分析测定(Desert Analytics,Tucson,AZ)。
熔点在Laboratory Devices Mel-Temp仪器(Holliston,MA)上测定。
制备性分离采用Flash 40色谱系统和KP-Sil,60A(Biotage,Charlottesville,VA)进行,或者通过快速柱色谱采用硅胶(230-400mesh)填料进行,或者通过HPLC(采用Waters 2767Sample Manager,C-18反相柱,30×50mm,流速75mL/min)进行。Flash 40Biotage系统和快速柱色谱的常用溶剂为二氯甲烷、甲醇、乙酸乙酯、己烷、丙酮、氨水(或氢氧化铵)和三乙胺。反相HPLC的常用溶剂为含有0.1%三氟乙酸的各种不同浓度的乙腈和水。
应当理解的是,优选实施方案的有机化合物可以具有互变异构现象。本说明书范围中的化学结构只是代表可能的互变异构形式之一,应当理解,优选的实施方案包括所示结构的任何互变异构形式。
应当理解,本发明不受限于为了说明而在本文中提出的实施方案,而是包含上述公开内容范围内其所有的此类形式。
在下面实施例以及整个本申请中,以下缩写具有下列意义。如果未定义,则术语具有其通常被接受的意义。
缩写
方法1
3-硝基-4-(哌啶-1-基)吡啶的合成
将4-氯-3-硝基吡啶(1.0当量)和哌啶(2.0当量)的乙醇溶液(浓度0.5M)在rt搅拌48小时,此时在真空中除去乙醇。将残留物在EtOAc(300mL)和Na2CO3(饱和的)(75mL)之间分配,进一步用H2O(50mL)、NaCl(饱和的)(50mL)洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中除去挥发物,得到3-硝基-4-(哌啶-1-基)吡啶(95%)。LCMS(m/z):207.7(MH+);LC Rt=1.60min.1HNMR(CDCl3):δ8.80(s,1H),8.31(d,J=5.7,1H),6.84(d,J=6.3,1H),3.18-3.21(m,4H),1.64-1.78(m,6H).
(S)-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
根据方法1,采用各自1eq(当量)的4-氯-3-硝基吡啶、(S)-3-N-Boc-氨基哌啶和二异丙基乙胺,得到(S)-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(99%)。LCMS(m/z):323.1(MH+);LC Rt=2.13min.
反式(+/-)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的合成
反式(+/-)-4-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-3-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的合成
将(+/-)7-氧杂-3-氮杂二环[4.1.0]庚烷-3-甲酸苄酯(1.0当量)在饱和氢氧化铵水溶液和乙醇(1∶1,0.05M溶液)中的溶液在密封的钢瓶中加热至70℃反应5h。通过N2气流除去所有的挥发性物质后,加入乙酸乙酯和水用于后处理。使粗制的区域异构体混合物3-氨基-4-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯和4-氨基-3-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯与Boc2O(1.0当量)和三乙胺(1.0当量)在二氯甲烷中(0.1M溶液)反应。在室温搅拌2h后,将反应混合物用二氯甲烷萃取。极性的(+/-)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯和非极性的(+/-)-4-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-3-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯通过快速柱色谱法得到(20%-40%EtOAc的己烷溶液,各自为28%、51%)。LCMS(m/z):351.1(MH+),Rt=0.81min,LCMS(m/z):351.1(MH+),Rt=0.83min。对映体纯的(3S,4S)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯和(3R,4R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯通过手性HPLC拆分得到(对于分析而言,Rt分别=6.8min和9.1min;正庚烷∶乙醇=70∶30(v∶v),ChiralpakAD-H prep 250×4.6mm,1mL/min。对于制备分离而言,正庚烷∶乙醇=80∶20(v∶v),Chiralpak AS 50×500mm,90mL/min)。
方法2
4-(哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-胺的合成
向3-硝基-4-(哌啶-1-基)吡啶(1.0当量)的乙醇溶液(浓度为0.1M)中,加入10%钯碳(0.1eq.)。将得到的非均匀溶液置于氢气气氛下,并搅拌15小时。此时将混合物通过硅藻土垫层过滤,用甲醇洗脱。在真空中除去挥发物,得到4-(哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-胺(93%),为油状物。LCMS(m/z):178.0(MH+);LC Rt=1.68min.1H NMR(CDCl3):δ8.01(s,1H),7.96(d,J=5.4,1H),6.78(d,J=5.1,1H),3.64-3.74(m,2H),2.86-2.94(m,4H),1.66-1.78(m,4H),1.58-1.64(m,2H).
(S)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
根据方法2,还原(S)-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯,得到(S)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(78%)。LCMS(m/z):293.1(MH+);LC Rt=2.08min.
(3R,4R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶
-1-甲酸苄酯的合成
向(3R,4R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1.0当量)的二氯甲烷溶液(0.1M溶液)中依次加入咪唑(1.1当量)、DMAP(0.1当量)和TBDMSCl(1.1当量)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌20h。用二氯甲烷后处理后,将粗制的物质通过硅胶柱色谱法(10%至20%EtOAc的己烷溶液)纯化,得到(3R,4R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(76%)。LCMS(m/z):365.2[(M-Boc)H+];LC Rt=6.05min.
(3S,4S)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶
-1-甲酸苄酯的合成
向(3S,SR)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1.0当量)的二氯甲烷溶液(0.1M溶液)中依次加入咪唑(1.1当量)、DMAP(0.1当量)和TBDMSCl(1.1当量)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌20h。用二氯甲烷后处理后,将粗制的物质通过硅胶柱色谱法(10%-20%EtOAc的己烷溶液)纯化,得到(3S,4S)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯。LCMS(m/z):365.2[(M-Boc)H+];LC Rt=6.05min.
(3R,4R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-氟哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯和(3S,4S)-3-(叔丁
氧基羰基氨基)-4-氟哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的合成
在-78℃向(+/-)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1.0当量)的二氯甲烷溶液(0.3M溶液)中加入DAST。将反应混合物缓慢升温至室温保持15h。用饱和的碳酸氢钠水溶液猝灭后,加入乙酸乙酯和水用于后处理。(+/-)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-氟哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯通过硅胶柱色谱法得到(30%EtOAc的己烷溶液,40%)。LCMS(m/z):253.1[(M-Boc)H+];LC Rt=4.08min。对映体纯的(3R,4R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-氟哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯和(3S,4S)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-氟哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯通过手性HPLC拆分(对于分析而言:Rt各自=9.4min和12.6min;正庚烷∶异丙醇=90∶10(v∶v),Chiralpak AS 250x4.6mm,1mL/min。对于制备分离,正庚烷∶异丙醇=90∶10(v∶v),Chiralpak AS 50x500mm,90mL/min)。
(3R,4R)-4-氟哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
根据方法2,采用(3R,4R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-氟哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1.0当量),得到粗制的(3R,4R)-4-氟哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(93%)。LCMS(m/z):219.2(MH+),LC Rt=0.45min.
(3S,4S)-4-氟哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
根据方法2,采用(3S,4S)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-氟哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1.0当量),得到粗制的(+/-)-4-氟哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(93%)。LCMS(m/z):219.2(MH+),LC Rt=0.45min.
(3R,4R)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的
合成
根据方法2,采用(3R,4r)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1.0当量),得到粗制的(3R,4R)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(>99%)。LCMS(m/z):331.3(MH+).
(3R,4R)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的
合成
根据方法2,采用(3S,4S)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1.0当量),得到粗制的(3S,4S)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(>99%)。LCMS(m/z):331.3(MH+).
(3R,4R)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-
基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
根据方法1,采用在DMF中的各自1eq的4-氯-3-硝基吡啶、(3R,4R)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯和三乙胺,得到(3R,4R)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(98%)。LCMS(m/z):453.3(MH+);LC Rt=4.01min.
(3S,4S)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基
氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
根据方法1,采用在DMF中的各自1eq的4-氯-3-硝基吡啶、(3S,4S)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯和三乙胺,得到(3S,4S)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(98%)。LCMS(m/z):453.3(MH+);LC Rt=4.01min.
(3R,4R)-4-氟-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
根据实施例1的方法1,采用在乙醇中的各自1eq的4-氯-3-硝基吡啶、(3R,4R)-4-氟哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯和三乙胺,得到(3R,4R)-4-氟-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(91%)。LCMS(m/z):341.0(MH+);LC Rt=2.37min.
(3S,4S)-4-氟-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
根据实施例1的方法1,采用在乙醇中的各自1eq的4-氯-3-硝基吡啶、(3S,4S)-4-氟哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯和三乙胺,得到(3S,4S)-4-氟-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(91%)。LCMS(m/z):341.0(MH+);LC Rt=2.37min.
(3R,4R)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-3-
基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
根据方法2,将(3R,4R)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的乙醇和乙酸乙酯溶液(1∶1,0.1M溶液)还原,得到(3R,4R)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(>99%)。LCMS(m/z):423.2(MH+);LC Rt=3.78min.
(3S,4S)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-3-基
氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
根据方法2,将(3R,4R)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的乙醇和乙酸乙酯溶液(1∶1,0.1M溶液)还原,得到(3R,4R)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(>99%)。LCMS(m/z):423.2(MH+);LC Rt=3.78min.
(3R,4R)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-4-氟哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
根据方法2,将(3R,4R)-4-氟-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的乙醇和乙酸乙酯溶液(1∶1,0.1M溶液)还原,得到(3R,4R)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-4-氟哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(>99%)。LCMS(m/z):311.2(MH+);LC Rt=2.14min.
(3S,4S)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-4-氟哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
根据方法2,将(3S,4S)-4-氟-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的乙醇和乙酸乙酯溶液(1∶1,0.1M溶液)还原,得到(3R,4R)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-4-氟哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(>99%)。LCMS(m/z):311.2(MH+);LC Rt=2.14min.
(3S,5R)-5-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的
合成
根据Y,Zhou;WO2005028467所述的专利方法制备(3S,5R)-5-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯。
(3S,5R)-5-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基
氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
根据方法1,采用(3S,5R)-5-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯,得到(3S,5R)-5-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯。LC/MS(m/z):453.2(MH+).
(3S,5R)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-3-基
氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
根据方法2,采用(3S,5R)-5-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯,得到(3S,5R)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯。LC/MS(m/z):423.2(MH+).
反式(+/-)-3-(双(叔丁氧基羰基)氨基)-4-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的合成
向反式(+/-)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1.0当量)的DCM和CH3CN溶液(1∶1,0.14M)中加入BOC2O(1.0当量)、三乙胺(1.5当量)和DMAP(催化量)。将反应物在室温搅拌15h,此后将溶液浓缩并经硅胶柱色谱法用EtOAc和己烷(1∶6)洗脱进行纯化,得到所需的产物,为白色泡沫状物。LCMS(m/z):451.1(MH+).
反式(+/-)-3-(双(叔丁氧基羰基)氨基)-4-甲氧基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的合成
向NaH(1.3当量)的THF溶液(0.1M)中加入3-(双(叔丁氧基羰基)氨基)-4-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1.0当量),并将反应物加热至50℃反应10min。冷却至室温,加入MeI(1.5当量),并将溶液搅拌16h。用水猝灭反应,然后用EtOAc萃取,将有机物用盐水和Na2SO4干燥,并浓缩。将粗制的物质经硅胶柱色谱法用EtOAc和己烷(1∶3)洗脱进行纯化,得到澄清的油状物,71%收率。LCMS(m/z):365.0(MH+).
反式(+/-)-3-(双(叔丁氧基羰基)氨基)-4-甲氧基哌啶的合成
根据方法2,采用反式(+/-)-3-(双(叔丁氧基羰基)氨基)-4-甲氧基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1.0当量),得到粗制的反式(+/-)-3-(双(叔丁氧基羰基)氨基)-4-甲氧基哌啶,其没有进一步纯化即用于下一步骤。LCMS(m/z):331.2(MH+)
反式(+/-)-N,N-二BOC-4-甲氧基-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-胺的合成
根据方法1,采用反式(+/-)-3-(双(叔丁氧基羰基)氨基)-4-甲氧基哌啶(1.0当量)、4-氯-3-硝基吡啶(1.2当量)和DIEA(4.0当量),进行柱色谱法(EtOAc和己烷,50%)后,得到反式(+/-)-N,N-二-BOC-4-甲氧基-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-哌啶-3-胺,59%收率(两步)。LCMS(m/z):453.2(MH+),LC Rt=3.24min.
反式(+/-)-N,N-二-BOC-4-甲氧基-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-胺的合成
根据方法2,采用反式(+/-)-N,N-二-BOC-4-甲氧基-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-哌啶-3-胺,得到反式(+/-)-N,N-二-BOC-4-甲氧基-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-胺,>95%收率,为澄清的油状物。LCMS(m/z):423.0(MH+),LC Rt=3.10min.
(3R,5R)-5-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-3-醇的合成
根据Zhou,Y.WO2005028467所述的专利方法制备(3R,5R)-5-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-3-醇。
(3R,5R)-3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-5-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的合
成
向(3R,5R)-5-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-3-醇(1eq)的20mL1,4-二氧六环和8mL水溶液中加入氯甲酸苄酯(1.5eq)。将混合物在室温搅拌4小时。将粗制的混合物用100mL EtOAc稀释,用盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(EtOAc∶己烷=1∶3)纯化,得到(3R,5R)-3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-5-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(74%)。LC/MS(m/z):366.2(MH+).
(3S,5R)-3-(苯甲酰基氧基)-5-(叔丁基-二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-1-甲
酸苄酯的合成
向搅拌的0℃的三苯基膦(1.2当量)的23mL THF溶液中加入偶氮二甲酸二叔丁酯(1.2当量)。将混合物在0℃搅拌10分钟。然后加入(3R,5R)-3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-5-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1.0当量)的11mL THF溶液,并在0℃搅拌20分钟。然后加入苯甲酸(1.2当量),并将反应混合物缓慢升至rt。16小时后,将反应混合物在真空中浓缩,然后用EtOAc稀释,并用水洗涤,然后用盐水洗涤。将有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(EtOAc∶己烷=1∶8)纯化,得到(3S,5R)-3-(苯甲酰基氧基)-5-(叔丁基-二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(77%)。LC/MS(m/z):470.2(MH+),HPLC Rt=6.05min.
(3S,5R)-3-(苯甲酰基氧基)-5-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的合成
向(3S,5R)-3-(苯甲酰基氧基)-5-(叔丁基-二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1eq)的30mL甲醇溶液中加入3.8M HCl的异丙醇溶液(4eq)。将反应混合物在室温置放3小时,然后将其减压浓缩。将得到的残留物用120mL EtOAc稀释,用饱和的碳酸氢钠水溶液、盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(EtOAc∶己烷=1∶1)纯化,得到(3S,5R)-3-(苯甲酰基氧基)-5-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(95%)。LC/MS(m/z):355.9(MH+).HPLC:Rt:3.62min.
(3S,5S)-3-叠氮基-5-(苯甲酰基氧基)哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的合成
在0℃,向(3S,5R)-3-(苯甲酰基氧基)-5-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1eq)的20mL二氯甲烷溶液中加入三乙胺(3eq)和甲磺酰氯(1.5eq)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌2小时。将粗制的混合物用120mL EtOAc稀释,用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液、盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物溶解在25mL NMP中。加入叠氮化钠(2.2eq),将得到的混悬液在80℃搅拌过夜。将反应混合物用200mL EtOAc和100mL己烷稀释,用水、盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(EtOAc∶己烷=1∶2)纯化,得到(3S,5S)-3-叠氮基-5-(苯甲酰基氧基)哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(88%)。LC/MS(m/z):381.0(MH+).HPLC:Rt:4.41min.
(3S,5S)-3-(苯甲酰基氧基)-5-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的
合成
在室温向(3S,5S)-3-叠氮基-5-(苯甲酰基氧基)哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1eq)在14mL吡啶和2mL氢氧化铵混合物中的溶液中,加入1M三甲基膦(3eq)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌3小时,然后在减压条件下除去溶剂,得到黄色油状物。将该油状物再溶解在100mL乙醇中,并浓缩以完全除去氢氧化铵。将残留物溶解在24ml 1,4-二氧六环中,加入24mL饱和的NaHCO3水溶液。在0℃滴加加入在12mL THF中的二碳酸二叔丁酯(4eq)。将混合物在室温搅拌2小时。将粗制的混合物用200mL EtOAc稀释,用盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(EtOAc∶己烷=1∶2)纯化,得到(3S,5S)-3-(苯甲酰基氧基)-5-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(92%)。LC/MS(m/z):455.1(MH+).HPLC:Rt:4.38min.
苯甲酸(3S,5S)-5-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-哌啶-3-基
酯的合成
向(3S,5S)-3-(苯甲酰基氧基)-5-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1eq)的15甲醇和15mL EtOAc溶液中加入10%Pd/C(0.1eq)。将得到的混悬液在H2气氛下搅拌4小时。将粗制的固体通过内衬在布氏漏斗中的纸上的硅藻土垫层过滤,用MeOH洗涤,然后在真空中浓缩。将残留物溶解在20mL异丙醇和DIPEA(1.8eq)中,加入4-氯-3-硝基吡啶(1.2eq)。将反应混合物在75℃搅拌2小时,此时将反应混合物冷却至室温并在减压下浓缩。将残留物用150mL EtOAc稀释,用盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(EtOAc∶己烷=1∶1)纯化,得到苯甲酸(3S,5S)-5-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-哌啶-3-基酯(90%)。LC/MS(m/z):443.2(MH+).HPLC:Rt:2.89min.
苯甲酸(3S,5S)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)哌啶-3-基酯
的合成
根据方法2,将苯甲酸(3S,5S)-5-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-哌啶-3-基酯还原,得到苯甲酸(3S,5S)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)哌啶-3-基酯。LC/MS(m/z):413.1(MH+).HPLC:Rt:2.75min.
(3S,5R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-1-
甲酸苄酯的合成
根据合成(3S,5S)-3-(苯甲酰基氧基)-5-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的方法,以(3R,5R)-3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-5-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯为原料进行合成。LC/MS(m/z):365.2(MH+-Boc),Rt:1.37.
(3S,5R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的合成
向(3S,5R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1eq)的30mL THF溶液中加入5.2mL TBAF(1.2eq)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌2小时。将混合物用乙酸乙酯稀释,用盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(5%甲醇的EtOAc溶液∶己烷=1∶1)纯化,得到(3S,5R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(100%)。LC/MS(m/z):251.2(MH+),Rt:0.89.HPLC:Rt:3.26min.
(3S,5S)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-氟哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的合成
向(3S,5R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1eq)的5mL二氯甲烷溶液中加入DAST(1.35eq)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌2小时。将混合物用120mL乙酸乙酯稀释,用盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(EtOAc∶己烷=1∶3)纯化,得到(3S,5S)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5-氟哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(30%)。LC/MS(m/z):253.1(MH+-100),Rt=0.96min.HPLC:Rt:3.79min.
(3S,5S)-5-氟-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
向(3S,5S)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-氟哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1eq)的5甲醇和5mL EtOAc溶液中加入10%Pd/C(0.1eq)。将得到的混悬液在H2气氛下搅拌4小时。将粗制的固体通过内衬在布氏漏斗中的纸上的硅藻土垫层过滤,用MeOH洗涤,然后在真空中浓缩。将残留物溶解在5mL异丙醇中,并加入DIPEA(1.8eq)和4-氯-3-硝基吡啶(1.5eq)。将反应混合物在65℃搅拌3小时,此时将反应混合物冷却至室温并在减压下浓缩。将残留物用120mL EtOAc稀释,用盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(EtOAc∶己烷=1∶1)纯化,得到(3S,5S)-5-氟-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(78%)。LC/MS(m/z):341.1(MH+),Rt=0.57min.HPLC:Rt:2.01min.
(3S,5S)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5-氟哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
根据方法2,将(3S,5S)-5-氟-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯还原,得到(3S,5S)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5-氟哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯。LC/MS(m/z):311.1(MH+),Rt=0.54min.HPLC:Rt:1.76min.
(S)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-氧代哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的合成
在室温下向(3S,5R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1eq)的10mL二氯甲烷溶液中加入Dess-Martin高碘化物(periodinane)(1.2eq)。将反应混合物在该温度搅拌过夜。将混合物用乙酸乙酯稀释,用盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(EtOAc∶己烷=1∶2)纯化,得到(S)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-氧代哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(81%)。LC/MS(m/z):249.1(MH+-100),Rt:0.83min.HPLC:Rt:3.26min.
5-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-3,3-二氟哌啶-1-甲酸酯的合成
向(S)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-氧代哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1eq)的25mL二氯甲烷溶液中加入DAST(20eq)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌3小时。用碳酸氢钠水溶液猝灭反应。将得到的混合物用乙酸乙酯萃取。分离有机层,并用盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(EtOAc∶己烷=1∶2)纯化,得到5-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-3,3-二氟哌啶-1-甲酸酯(52%)。LC/MS(m/z):271.1(-Boc),Rt:0.99min.
(S)-5,5-二氟-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
向5-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-3,3-二氟哌啶-1-甲酸酯(1eq)的5mL甲醇和5mL EtOAc溶液中加入10%Pd/C(0.1eq)。将得到的混悬液在H2气氛下搅拌过夜。将粗制的固体通过内衬在布氏漏斗中的纸上的硅藻土垫层过滤,用MeOH洗涤,然后在真空中浓缩。将残留物溶解在5mL异丙醇中,并加入DIPEA(2.0eq)和4-氯-3-硝基吡啶(1.5eq)。将反应混合物在70℃搅拌3小时,此时将反应混合物冷却至室温并在减压下浓缩。将残留物用120mL EtOAc稀释,用盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(5%甲醇的EtOAc溶液∶己烷=1∶1)纯化,得到(S)-55二氟-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(19%)。LC/MS(m/z):359.0(MH+),Rt:0.65min.
(S)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5,5-二氟哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
根据方法2,将(S)-5,5-二氟-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯还原,得到(S)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5,5-二氟哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯。LC/MS(m/z):329.0(MH+),Rt:0.62min.
(S)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-乙亚基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的合成
在室温向溴化乙基三苯基(11eq)的14mL THF混悬液中加入叔丁醇钾(10eq)。将反应混合物在该温度下搅拌20分钟。然后将反应物冷却至0℃,并将(S)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-氧代哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1eq)的7mL THF溶液加至反应混合物中。使反应升至室温。搅拌40分钟后,将反应混合物倒入碳酸氢钠水溶液中,并用乙酸乙酯萃取。分离有机层,并用盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(EtOAc∶己烷=2∶1)纯化,得到(S)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-乙亚基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯。LC/MS(m/z):261.2(MH+-100),Rt:1.12min.HPLC:Rt:4.31min.
(3S,5R)-5-乙基-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
向(S)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-乙亚基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1eq)的5.5mL乙醇和5.5mL EtOAc溶液中加入10%Pd/C(0.1eq)。将得到的混悬液在H2气氛下搅拌45分钟。将粗制的固体通过内衬在布氏漏斗中的纸上的硅藻土垫层过滤,用MeOH洗涤,然后在真空中浓缩。将残留物溶解在1.4mL异丙醇中,并加入DIPEA(2.5eq)和4-氯-3-硝基吡啶(1.5eq)。将反应混合物在80℃搅拌过夜,此时将反应混合物冷却至室温并在减压下浓缩。将残留物用120mL EtOAc稀释,用盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(EtOAc∶己烷=1∶1)纯化,得到(3S,5R)-5-乙基-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(91%)。LC/MS(m/z):351.2(MH+),Rt:0.75min.
(3S,5R)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5-乙基哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
根据方法2,将(3S,5R)-5-乙基-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯还原,得到(3S,5R)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5-乙基哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯。LC/MS(m/z):321.2(MH+),Rt:0.73min.HPLC:Rt:2.65min.
(3R,5R)-3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-5-甲氧基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的
合成
在0℃向(3R,5R)-3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-5-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1eq)的30mL THF溶液中加入氢化钠(1.5eq),随后加入碘甲烷(5eq)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌3小时。将粗制的混合物用120mL EtOAc稀释,用盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(EtOAc∶己烷=1∶5)纯化,得到(3R,5R)-3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-5-甲氧基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(93%)。LC/MS(m/z):380.2(MH+).
(3R,5R)-3-羟基-5-甲氧基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的合成
向(3R,5R)-3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-5-甲氧基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1eq)的30mL甲醇溶液中加入3.8M HCl的异丙醇溶液(4eq)。使反应混合物在室温置放3小时,此时将其在减压下浓缩。将得到的残留物用100mL EtOAc稀释,用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液、盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(EtOAc∶己烷=2∶1)纯化,得到(3R,5R)-3-羟基-5-甲氧基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(92%)。LC/MS(m/z):266.2(MH+).
(3S,5R)-3-叠氮基-5-甲氧基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的合成
在0℃向(3R,5R)-3-羟基-5-甲氧基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1eq)的40mL二氯甲烷溶液中加入三乙胺(3eq)和甲磺酰氯(1.5eq)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌2小时。将粗制的混合物用150mL EtOAc稀释,用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液、盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(EtOAc∶己烷=1∶1)纯化,得到中间体,将其溶解在15mL DMF中。加入叠氮化钠(3.3eq),并将得到的混悬液在80℃搅拌过夜。将反应混合物用150mL EtOAc稀释,用水、盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(EtOAc∶己烷=1∶2)纯化,得到(3S,5R)-3-叠氮基-5-甲氧基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(95%)。LC/MS(m/z):263.2(MH+-28).
(3S,5R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-甲氧基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的合成
在室温向(3S,5R)-3-叠氮基-5-甲氧基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1eq)在14mL吡啶和2mL氢氧化铵混合物中的溶液中加入1M三甲基膦(3eq)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌4小时,此时在减压条件下除去溶剂,得到黄色油状物。将油状物再溶解在100mL乙醇中,并浓缩以完全除去氢氧化铵。将残留物溶解在16ml1,4-二氧六环中,并加入16mL饱和NaHCO3水溶液。在0℃滴加加入二碳酸二叔丁酯(4eq)的8mL THF溶液。将混合物在室温搅拌2小时。将粗制的混合物用300mL EtOAc稀释,用盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(EtOAc∶己烷=1∶1)纯化,得到(3S,5R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-甲氧基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(86%)。LC/MS(m/z):365.0(MH+).
(3S,5R)-5-甲氧基-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合
成
向(3S,5R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-甲氧基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1eq)的25甲醇溶液中加入10%Pd/C(0.1eq)。将得到的混悬液在H2气氛下搅拌2小时。将粗制的固体通过内衬在布氏漏斗中的纸上的硅藻土垫层过滤,用MeOH洗涤,然后在真空中浓缩。将残留物溶解在25mL异丙醇中,并加入DIEA(1.8eq)和4-氯-3-硝基吡啶(1.2eq)。将反应混合物在80℃搅拌4小时,此时将反应混合物冷却至室温并在减压下浓缩。将残留物用150mLEtOAc稀释,用盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(5%甲醇的EtOAc溶液∶己烷=1∶1)纯化,得到(3S,5R)-5-甲氧基-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸酯(88%)。LC/MS(m/z):353.0(MH+).HPLC:Rt:2.15min.
(3S,5R)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5-甲氧基哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合
成
根据方法2,将(3S,5R)-5-甲氧基-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯还原,得到(3S,5R)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5-甲氧基哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯。LC/MS(m/z):323.1(MH+).
(3S,5R)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5-乙氧基哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合
成
制备该化合物的方法与制备甲氧基化合物的相同。LC/MS(m/z):337.1(MH+),Rt:0.63min.HPLC:Rt:2.47min.
(3R,5R)-3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-5-氟-1-(4-甲氧基苄基)哌啶的
合成
根据Cossy,J.Synlett,2007,263所述的文献方法制备(3R,5R)-3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-5-氟-1-(4-甲氧基苄基)哌啶。
(3R,5R)-3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-5-氟哌啶的合成
向(3R,5R)-3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-5-氟-1-(4-甲氧基苄基)哌啶(1eq)的5mL甲醇溶液中加入10%Pd/C(0.2eq)。将得到的混悬液在H2气氛下搅拌过夜。将粗制的固体通过内衬在布氏漏斗中的纸上的硅藻土垫层过滤,用MeOH洗涤,然后在真空中浓缩,得到(3R,5R)-3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-5-氟哌啶,其没有进一步纯化即用于下一步骤。LC/MS(m/z):234.1(MH+).
(3R,5R)-3-氟-5-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的合成
向(3R,5R)-3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-5-氟哌啶(1eq)的30mL甲醇溶液中加入3.8M HCl的异丙醇溶液(4eq)。使反应混合物在室温置放3小时,此时将其在减压下浓缩。将得到的残留物用120mL EtOAc稀释,用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液、盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(EtOAc∶己烷=2∶1)纯化,得到(3R,5R)-3-氟-5-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(94%)。LC/MS(m/z):254.2(MH+).
(3S,5R)-3-叠氮基-5-氟哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的合成
在0℃向(3R,5R)-3-氟-5-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1eq)的14mL二氯甲烷溶液中加入三乙胺(3eq)和甲磺酰氯(1.5eq)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌1.5小时。将粗制的混合物用120mL乙醚稀释,用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液、盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物溶解在16mL NMP中。加入叠氮化钠(3.0eq),并将得到的混悬液在80℃搅拌过夜。将反应混合物用200mL EtOAc和100mL己烷稀释,用水、盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(EtOAc∶己烷=1∶3)纯化,得到(3S,5R)-3-叠氮基-5-氟哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(90%)。LC/MS(m/z):251.1(MH+-28).
(3S,5R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-氟哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的合成
在室温向(3S,5R)-3-叠氮基-5-氟哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1eq)在11mL吡啶和1.5mL氢氧化铵的混合物中的溶液中加入1M三甲基膦(3eq)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌3小时,此时在减压条件下除去溶剂,得到黄色油状物。将该油状物再溶解在100mL乙醇中,并浓缩以完全除去氢氧化铵。将残留物溶解在12ml 1,4-二氧六环中,并加入12mL饱和NaHCO3水溶液。在0℃滴加加入二碳酸二叔丁酯(4eq)的6mL THF溶液。将混合物在室温搅拌1小时。将粗制的混合物用150mL EtOAc稀释,用盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(EtOAc∶己烷=1∶1)纯化,得到(3S,5R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-氟哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(95%)。LC/MS(m/z):253.1(MH+-100).
(3S,5R)-5-氟-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
向(3S,5R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-氟哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1eq)的28甲醇溶液中加入10%Pd/C(0.1eq)。将得到的混悬液在H2气氛下搅拌1小时。将粗制的固体通过内衬在布氏漏斗中的纸上的硅藻土垫层过滤,用MeOH洗涤,然后在真空中浓缩。将残留物溶解在33mL异丙醇中,加入DIPEA(2.5eq)和4-氯-3-硝基吡啶(1.5eq)。将反应混合物在80℃搅拌2小时,此时将反应混合物冷却至室温并在减压下浓缩。将残留物用150mLEtOAc稀释,用盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(5%甲醇的EtOAc溶液∶己烷=1∶1)纯化,得到(3S,5R)-5-氟-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(90%)。LC/MS(m/z):341.1(MH+).HPLC:Rt:2.12min.
(3S,5R)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5-氟哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
根据方法2,将(3S,5R)-5-氟-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯还原,得到(3S,5R)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5-氟哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯。LC/MS(m/z):311.1(MH+).
5-甲基吡啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
在r.t.向5-甲基吡啶-3-胺(5g,46mmol)的THF(80mL)溶液中加入1M双(三甲基甲硅烷基氨基)钠的THF溶液(101mL,101mmol),搅拌15min,随后加入二碳酸二叔丁酯(11g,49mmol)的THF(20mL)溶液。将反应物在r.t.搅拌过夜并浓缩。将浓缩物用0.2M HCl(60mL)和EtOAc处理,将有机层萃取,用NaHCO3(饱和的)和盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。将浓缩物采用快速硅胶色谱法(40%EtOAc:己烷)纯化,得到为黄色固体的产物5-甲基吡啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(8.5g,88%收率)。LCMS(m/z):209.1(MH+);LC Rt=1.94min.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ8.20(d,1H),8.12(s,1H),7.86(s,1H),6.53(s,1H),2.33(s,3H),1.53(s,9H).
顺式-(+/-)-5-甲基哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
在氢化用钢瓶中向5-甲基吡啶-3-基氨基甲酸酯(3g,14mmol)的冰醋酸(50mL)溶液中加入5%在活性炭上的铑(0.5g)和氧化铂(IV)(0.5g)。将混合物密封,并在200psi和70℃下氢化48小时。将混合物通过硅藻土过滤并浓缩,得到顺式-(+/-)-5-甲基哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯。LCMS(m/z):215.1(MH+).
顺式-(+/-)-5-甲基-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合
成
根据方法1,采用粗制的顺式-(+/-)-5-甲基哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯,得到顺式-(+/-)-5-甲基-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(66%收率)。LCMS(m/z):337.1(MH+);LC Rt=2.50min.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ8.84(s,1H),8.36(d,1H),7.04(m,1H),4.44(m,1H),3.90(m,1H),3.71(m,1H),3.09(d,1H),2.66(q,2H),2.10(d,1H),1.84(m,1H),1.56(s,9H),0.93(d,3H).
顺式-(+/-)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5-甲基哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合
成
根据方法2,采用顺式-(+/-)-5-甲基-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯,得到顺式-(+/-)-5-甲基-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(98%收率)。LCMS(m/z):307.1(MH+);LC Rt=2.44min.1HNMR(CDCl3)δ8.01(s,1H),7.95(d,1H),6.76(d,1H),4.40(m,1H),3.70(m,3H),3.58(dq,1H),3.21(dq,1H),2.15(m,3H),1.90(m,1H),1.58(s,9H),0.97(d,3H).
5-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
在室温,向5-三氟甲基吡啶-3-胺(1eq.)的THF(80mL)溶液中加入1M双(三甲基甲硅烷基氨基)钠的THF溶液(2eq.),搅拌15min,随后加入在THF中的二碳酸二叔丁酯(1eq.)。将反应物在室温搅拌过夜并浓缩。将浓缩物用0.2M HCl水溶液和EtOAc处理,将有机层萃取,用NaHCO3(饱和的)和盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。将浓缩物采用快速硅胶色谱法(40%EtOAc:己烷)纯化,得到为黄色固体的产物5-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(31%收率)。LCMS(m/z):263.0(MH+);LC Rt=3.84min.1H NMR(CDCl3)δ8.56(m,2H),8.34(s,1H),6.71(s,1H),1.55(s,9H).
顺式-(+/-)-5-(三氟甲基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
在氢化用钢瓶中向5-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(3g,14mmol)的冰醋酸(50mL)溶液中加入5%在活性炭上的铑(0.5g)和氧化铂(IV)(0.5g)。将混合物密封,并在200psi和70℃下氢化48h。将混合物通过硅藻土过滤并浓缩,得到顺式-(+/-)-5-(三氟甲基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯。LCMS(m/z):269.1(MH+).
顺式-(+/-)-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-5-(三氟甲基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯
的合成
根据方法1,采用粗制的顺式-(+/-)-5-(三氟甲基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯,得到顺式-(+/-)-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-5-(三氟甲基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(42%收率,两步)。LCMS(m/z):391.1(MH+);LC Rt=2.92min.1HNMR(CDCl3)δ8.93(s,1H),8.47(d,1H),7.01(d,1H),4.50(m,1H),3.80(m,2H),3.45(m,1H),3.00(t,1H),2.66(m,1H),2.63(m,1H),2.38(d,1H),1.56(s,9H).
顺式-(+/-)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5-(三氟甲基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯
的合成
根据方法2,采用顺式-(+/-)-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-5-(三氟甲基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯,得到顺式-(+/-)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5-(三氟甲基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯。LCMS(m/z):361.0(MH+);LC Rt=2.72min.1HNMR(CDCl3)δ8.05(s,1H),7.98(d,1H),6.79(d,1H),4.46(m,1H),3.83(m,1H),3.72(s,2H),3.62(m,1H),3.49(m,1H),2.59(m,2H),2.36(m,1H),2.23(t,1H),1.58(s,9H).
顺式(+/-)-5-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)哌啶-1,3-二甲酸1-苄酯3-甲酯的合成
在0℃向浓度为0.25M的顺式(+/-)-1-(苄基氧基羰基)-5-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)哌啶-3-甲酸(1.0eq)、甲醇(20eq.)和EDC(1.3eq)的二氯甲烷溶液中加入二甲基氨基吡啶(0.1eq)。搅拌48小时后使反应物升至rt,在真空中除去挥发物。加入乙酸乙酯并用H2O(3x)、1N HCl、NaHCO3(饱和的)和盐水洗涤后,将溶液用MgSO4干燥,过滤,浓缩并通过柱色谱法(25%乙酸乙酯/己烷)纯化,得到顺式(+/-)-5-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)哌啶-1,3-二甲酸1-苄酯3-甲酯。LCMS(m/z):293.1(MH-Boc+);LC Rt=4.09min
顺式(+/-)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-(羟基甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的合成
将浓度为0.08M的顺式(+/-)-5-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)哌啶-1,3-二甲酸1-苄酯3-甲酯(1.0eq.)的THF溶液在0℃冷却,然后加入LiCl(2.3eq.)和硼氢化钠(2.3eq.)。搅拌20小时后,使反应升至rt,将pH用1M柠檬酸调到pH 4-5。在真空中除去挥发物后,将产物萃取在二氯甲烷中,用H2O和盐水洗涤,用MgSO4干燥。过滤并在真空中除去挥发物后,获得顺式(+/-)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-(羟基甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯,为白色泡沫状固体。LCMS(m/z):265.0(MH-Boc+);LC Rt=3.37min.
顺式(+/-)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-((叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)甲基)
哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的合成
将浓度为0.1M的顺式(+/-)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-(羟基甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1.0eq.)、咪唑(1.1eq.)、叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氯(1.1eq.)和二甲基氨基吡啶(0.1eq.)的二氯甲烷溶液搅拌18小时,此时在真空中除去挥发物。通过柱色谱法(20%乙酸乙酯/己烷)直接纯化粗制的物质,得到顺式(+/-)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-((叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯。LCMS(m/z):379.0(MH-Boc+);LC Rt=5.95min.
顺式(+/-)-5-((叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)甲基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔
丁酯的合成
根据方法2,将顺式(+/-)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-((叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯脱保护,得到顺式(+/-)-5-((叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)甲基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯。LCMS(m/z):344.1(MH+).
顺式(+/-)-5-((叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)甲基)-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)
哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
根据方法1,采用顺式(+/-)-5-((叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)甲基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯和4-氯-3-硝基吡啶,得到顺式(+/-)-5-((叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)甲基)-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯。LCMS(m/z):467.0(MH+);LC Rt=4.02min.
顺式(+/-)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5-((叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)甲基)
哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
根据方法2,将顺式(+/-)-5-((叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)甲基)-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯还原,得到顺式(+/-)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5-((叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)甲基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯。LCMS(m/z):437.2(MH+);LC Rt=3.86min.
顺式(+/-)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-(氟甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的合成
将顺式(+/-)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-(羟基甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1eq.)、全氟丁烷磺酰氟(2eq.)、三乙胺-HF(4eq.)和三乙胺(6eq.)的四氢呋喃溶液(浓度为0.16M)搅拌36小时。用乙酸乙酯(50×)稀释后,将溶液用1NHCl、NaHCO3(饱和的)和盐水洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,过滤,浓缩并通过柱色谱法(25-40%乙酸乙酯/己烷)纯化,得到顺式(+/-)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-(氟甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(45%收率)。LCMS(m/z):267.1(MH+);LCRt=4.23min.
顺式(+/-)-5-(氟甲基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
根据方法2,将顺式(+/-)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-5-(氟甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯脱保护,得到顺式(+/-)-5-(氟甲基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯。LCMS(m/z):233.1(MH+).
顺式(+/-)-5-(氟甲基)-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的
合成
根据实施例1的方法1,采用顺式(+/-)-5-(氟甲基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯和4-氯-3-硝基吡啶,得到顺式(+/-)-5-(氟甲基)-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯。LCMS(m/z):355.1(MH+);LC Rt=2.41min.
顺式(+/-)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5-(氟甲基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的
合成
根据方法2,将顺式(+/-)-5-(氟甲基)-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯还原,得到顺式(+/-)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5-(氟甲基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯。LCMS(m/z):325.1(MH+);LC Rt=2.27min.
(3R,4R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-(甲基磺酰基氧基)哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯
的合成
向(3R,4R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的二氯甲烷(0.13M)溶液中加入三乙胺(1.5当量),随后加入甲磺酰氯(1.3当量)。将反应物在室温搅拌15h。然后用饱和的NaHCO3猝灭溶液,用二氯甲烷萃取,用硫酸钠干燥,并浓缩,得到粗制的(3R,4R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-(甲基磺酰基氧基)哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯,>95%收率。LCMS(m/z):428.9/328.9(MH+),Rt=3.81min.
(3aR,7aS)-2-氧代六氢
唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-5(6H)-甲酸苄酯的合成
将(3R,4R)-3-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-(甲基磺酰基氧基)哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的吡啶溶液(0.16M)在微波中加热至120℃反应10分钟。然后将溶液浓缩至近乎干燥,过滤形成的固体,得到所需的产物。将滤液经硅胶柱色谱法采用乙酸乙酯(100%)洗脱进一步纯化,得到(3aR,7aS)-2-氧代六氢唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-5(6H)-甲酸苄酯,75%的总收率。LCMS(m/z):277.1(MH+),Rt=2.327min.
(3aR,7aS)-2-氧代四氢
唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-3,5(2H,6H)-二甲酸5-苄酯3-
叔丁酯的合成
向(3aR,7aS)-2-氧代六氢唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-5(6H)-甲酸苄酯(1.0当量)的二氯甲烷溶液(0.09M)中加入BOC2O(1.1当量)、三乙胺(1.1当量)和催化量的DMAP。将反应物在室温搅拌1小时,此时将其在真空中浓缩并通过硅胶塞过滤(用乙酸乙酯洗脱)。将产物在真空中干燥,得到(3aR,7aS)-2-氧代四氢唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-3,5(2H,6H)-二甲酸5-苄酯3-叔丁酯,为白色固体,75%收率。LCMS(m/z):277.2(MH+),Rt=3.43min.
(3aR,7aS)-5-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-2-氧代六氢
唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-3(2H)-
甲酸叔丁酯的合成
向(3aR,7aS)-2-氧代四氢唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-3,5(2H,6H)-二甲酸5-苄酯3-叔丁酯在EtOH和EtOAc混合物(1∶1)中的溶液(0.07M)中加入Pd/C(10%重量),并将反应物在氢气球条件下搅拌15h。然后将溶液通过硅藻土垫层过滤,并将滤液浓缩至干,得到澄清油状物。向(3aR,7aS)-2-氧代六氢唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-3(2H)-甲酸叔丁酯的i-PrOH溶液(0.12M)中加入4-氯-3-硝基吡啶(1.2当量)和DIEA(4.0当量)。将反应物加热至75℃反应2h,然后冷却至室温并在真空下浓缩。将粗制的混合物用EtOAc稀释,加入水,萃取有机层,用盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥,并浓缩。将粗品经硅胶柱色谱法用EtOAc(100%)洗脱进行纯化,得到(3aR,7aS)-5-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-2-氧代六氢唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-3(2H)-甲酸叔丁酯,为黄色泡沫状物,89%收率)。LCMS(m/z):365.1(MH+),Rt=1.79min.
(3aR,7aS)-5-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-2-氧代六氢
唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-3(2H)-
甲酸叔丁酯的合成
向(3aR,7aS)-5-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-2-氧代六氢唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-3(2H)-甲酸叔丁酯的EtOH和EtOAc溶液(1∶1,0.15M)中加入Pd/C(10%重量),并将反应物在氢气球条件下搅拌15h。将溶液通过硅藻土垫层过滤,并浓缩滤液,得到(3aR,7aS)-5-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-2-氧代六氢唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-3(2H)-甲酸叔丁酯,为澄清的油状物,>95%收率。LCMS(m/z):335.0(MH+),Rt=1.68min.
3-叠氮基-4-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯和4-叠氮基-3-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯
的合成
向7-氧杂-3-氮杂二环[4.1.0]庚烷-3-甲酸苄酯(1.0当量)的MeOH和水溶液(0.17M)中加入叠氮化钠(2.0当量)和氯化铵(1.0当量)。将反应物在油浴中在65℃搅拌7h,然后浓缩以除去甲醇。加入乙酸乙酯,分离有机相,用Na2SO4干燥,并在真空下浓缩,得到3-叠氮基-4-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯和4-叠氮基-3-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯,为澄清的油状物,>95%收率。LCMS(m/z):276.9(MH+),Rt=2.98min.
3,7-二氮杂二环[4.1.0]庚烷-3-甲酸苄酯的合成
向3-叠氮基-4-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯和4-叠氮基-3-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1.0当量)的二氧六环溶液(0.14M)中加入PPh3(2.0当量),并将反应物加热回流1h。然后将溶液在真空下浓缩,并通过硅胶柱色谱法用DCM、10%MeOH和1%Et3N洗脱进行纯化,得到3,7-二氮杂二环[4.1.0]庚烷-3-甲酸苄酯,为澄清的油状物,25%收率。LCMS(m/z):233.0(MH+),Rt=1.94min.
7-(二乙氧基磷酰基)-3,7-二氮杂二环[4.1.0]庚烷-3-甲酸苄酯的合成
向3,7-二氮杂二环[4.1.0]庚烷-3-甲酸苄酯(1.0当量)的DCM溶液(0.26M)中加入氯磷酸二乙酯(1.3当量)和三乙胺(1.5当量)。将反应物搅拌24h,然后浓缩至干。加入水和乙酸乙酯,对有机物进行萃取,用Na2SO4干燥,并浓缩。将粗品通过硅胶柱色谱法用乙酸乙酯和己烷(50%至100%乙酸乙酯)洗脱进行纯化,得到7-(二乙氧基磷酰基)-3,7-二氮杂二环[4.1.0]庚烷-3-甲酸苄酯,为澄清的油状物,21%收率。LCMS(m/z):369.0(MH+).
3-(二乙氧基磷酰基氨基)-4-甲基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的合成
在-40℃向CuI(0.3当量)的无水THF混悬液(0.1M)中加入甲基溴化镁(3M的Et2O溶液,10当量)。将反应物搅拌30min,随后在-40℃加入7-(二乙氧基磷酰基)-3,7-二氮杂二环[4.1.0]庚烷-3-甲酸苄酯(1.0当量)的THF溶液(0.1M)。使反应经5h升温至10℃,然后用水猝灭,并用乙酸乙酯萃取。将有机相在真空下浓缩,并通过硅胶柱色谱法采用乙酸乙酯和己烷(50%至100%乙酸乙酯)洗脱进行纯化,得到3-(二乙氧基磷酰基氨基)-4-甲基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯,35%收率。LCMS(m/z):385.0(MH+),Rt=3.38min.
4-甲基哌啶-3-基氨基磷酸二乙酯的合成
向3-(二乙氧基磷酰基氨基)-4-甲基哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1.0当量)的脱气的MeOH溶液中加入Pd/C(10%重量),并将反应物在氢气气氛下搅拌1h。将溶液过滤,然后浓缩,得到4-甲基哌啶-3-基氨基磷酸二乙酯,83%收率。LCMS(m/z):251.1(MH+).
4-甲基-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基磷酸二乙酯的合成
向4-甲基哌啶-3-基氨基磷酸二乙酯(1.0当量)的异丙醇溶液中加入4-氯-3-硝基吡啶(2.0当量)和DIEA(1.1当量)。将反应物加热至70℃反应18h,然后用水猝灭,并用乙酸乙酯萃取。将有机物干燥并在真空下浓缩。将粗品通过ISCO(乙酸乙酯和己烷)纯化,得到4-甲基-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基磷酸二乙酯,52%收率。LCMS(m/z):373.0(MH+),Rt=1.93min.
1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-4-甲基哌啶-3-基氨基磷酸二乙酯的合成
向4-甲基-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基磷酸二乙酯(1.0当量)的脱气的EtOAc溶液(0.1M)中加入Pd/C(10%重量),并将反应物在氢气气氛下搅拌18h。过滤并浓缩滤液,得到1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-4-甲基哌啶-3-基氨基磷酸二乙酯,86%收率。LCMS(m/z):343.0(MH+),Rt=1.85min.
4-氯-3-(二乙氧基磷酰基氨基)哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯的合成
向7-(二乙氧基磷酰基)-3,7-二氮杂二环[4.1.0]庚烷-3-甲酸苄酯(1.0当量)和三乙胺盐酸盐(4当量)的DCM溶液(0.1M)中加入BF3.OEt2(2.0当量),并将反应物在室温在氮气气氛下搅拌2h。然后将溶液用水猝灭,并用DCM萃取。将粗产物通过硅胶柱色谱法(ISCO,用EtOAc和己烷50%至100%EtOAc洗脱)纯化,得到4-氯-3-(二乙氧基磷酰基氨基)哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯,89%收率。LCMS(m/z):405.1(MH+),Rt=2.73min.
4-氯哌啶-3-基氨基磷酸二乙酯的合成
向4-氯-3-(二乙氧基磷酰基氨基)哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1.0当量)的脱气的MeOH溶液中加入Pd/C(10%重量),并将反应物在氢气气氛下搅拌1h。将溶液过滤,然后浓缩,得到4-氯哌啶-3-基氨基磷酸二乙酯,92%收率。LCMS(m/z):271.0(MH+).
4-氯-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基磷酸二乙酯的合成
向4-氯哌啶-3-基氨基磷酸二乙酯(1.0当量)的异丙醇溶液(0.1M)中加入4-氯-3-硝基吡啶(2.0当量)和DIEA(1.1当量)。将反应物加热至70℃反应18h,然后用水猝灭,并用乙酸乙酯萃取。将有机物干燥并在真空下浓缩。将粗品通过ISCO(乙酸乙酯和己烷,然后10%甲醇的DCM溶液)纯化,得到4-氯-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基磷酸二乙酯,69%收率。LCMS(m/z):393.1(MH+),Rt=2.01min.
1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-4-氯哌啶-3-基氨基磷酸二乙酯的合成
向4-氯-1-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基磷酸二乙酯(1.0当量)的脱气的EtOAc溶液(0.1M)中加入Pd/C(10%重量),并将反应物在氢气气氛下搅拌18h。过滤并浓缩滤液,得到1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-4-氯哌啶-3-基氨基磷酸二乙酯,83%收率。LCMS(m/z):363.1(MH+),Rt=1.89min.
三氟甲磺酸3-氧代环己-1-烯基酯的合成
向环己烷-1,3-二酮(1当量)的DCM溶液(0.4M)中加入Na2CO3(1.0当量)并冷却至0℃。历经1小时,在室温、氮气气氛下滴加加入Tf2O(1.0当量)的DCM溶液(5M)。加入后,将反应物搅拌2小时(暗红色溶液)。将溶液过滤,向滤液中加入饱和的NaHCO3(小心地),然后萃取有机物,用盐水干燥,然后用Na2SO4干燥,并浓缩。将粗品通过SiO2柱色谱法用DCM和己烷(1∶1)洗脱进行纯化,或者通过中性氧化铝填料用DCM洗脱进行纯化,得到三氟甲磺酸3-氧代环己-1-烯基酯,各自30%或67%收率。一旦贮存,则该三氟甲磺酸酯分解,因此其应当立即用于下一反应。LC/MS=244.9/286.0(M+H和M+CH3CN);Rt=0.88min.
3-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼杂环戊-2-基)环己-2-烯酮的合成
向三氟甲磺酸3-氧代环己-1-烯基酯(1.0当量)的脱气的二氧六环溶液(0.3M)中加入双(频哪醇基)二硼(2.0当量)、KOAc(3.0当量)和Pd(dppf)Cl2-DCM(0.05当量)。将反应物加热至80℃反应2h,然后过滤。该二氧六环溶液没有进一步纯化即用于下一步骤。LC/MS=140.9(硼酸的M+H)。
3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯酮的合成
向3-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼杂环戊-2-基)环己-2-烯酮(1.0当量)的脱气的二氧六环和2M Na2CO3溶液中加入4-氯-3-硝基吡啶(1.2当量)和Pd(PPh3)4(0.05当量)。将反应物在油浴中加热至120℃反应30min(反应还可以在微波中在120℃进行10min)。冷却至室温,然后用EtOAc稀释,加入H2O-深色溶液,许多乳状液(lots of emulsions)。过滤除去固体,然后萃取有机相,用Na2SO4干燥,并浓缩。将粗品通过硅胶色谱法纯化,得到3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯酮(64%,2步)。LC/MS=219(M+H),LC=2.29min.
3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯醇的合成
向3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯酮(1.0当量)溶液中加入EtOH(1.1M)和CeCl3-7H2O(1.3当量)。将反应物冷却至0℃,然后分次加入NaBH4(1.3当量)。在0℃搅拌2h,然后加入水猝灭,浓缩以除去EtOH,加入EtOAc,萃取有机物,用盐水、然后用Na2SO4干燥,并浓缩,得到3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯醇(99%)。LC/MS=221.1(M+H),LC=2.24min.
2-(3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯基)异吲哚啉-1,3-二酮的合成
将3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯醇(1.0eq)、三苯基膦(1.5eq)和邻苯二甲酰亚胺(1.5eq)的THF均匀溶液(0.2M)冷却至0℃,向该溶液加入偶氮二甲酸二叔丁酯(1.5eq)的THF溶液。将混合物在0℃搅拌2小时。将反应物在真空中浓缩。将残留物通过柱纯化(5%甲醇在1∶1乙酸乙酯和己烷中的溶液),得到固体,将其进一步用DCM和己烷研磨,得到纯产物,还有滤液。进一步纯化滤液,得到更多的纯产物。2-(3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯基)异吲哚啉-1,3-二酮的总收率为58%。LC/MS(m/z):MH+=350.2,Rt=0.96.HPLC Rt=3.73.
2-(3-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)环己基)异吲哚啉-1,3-二酮的合成
将2-(3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯基)异吲哚啉-1,3-二酮(1eq)的乙酸溶液(0.1M)用氮气冲洗10min。然后加入10%Pd/C(0.15eq)。将反应混合物在室温、氢气气氛下搅拌4天。通过硅藻土过滤移出固体,然后用EtOAc和MeOH淋洗。将滤液浓缩,用EtOAc稀释并用饱和2M Na2CO3水溶液洗涤2×。将有机层用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。从EtOAc/己烷中研磨,得到2-(3-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)环己基)异吲哚啉-1,3-二酮,77%收率。LC/MS(m/z):MH+=322.2,Rt=0.64.HPLC Rt=2.43min.
三氟甲磺酸5,5-二甲基-3-氧代环己-1-烯基酯的合成
在3-颈圆底烧瓶中,将5,5-二甲基环己烷-1,3-二酮(1.0eq)溶解在DCM中(0.2M)。加入碳酸钠(1.1当量),并在N2气氛下、在磁搅拌条件下将混合物在冰/盐/水浴中冷却至~-5℃。历经90分钟通过加料漏斗滴加加入稀释在DCM中的三氟甲磺酸酐(1.05当量)。一旦加完后,将反应物在~0℃搅拌1h。由LCMS和1H NMR可知,仍有起始原料剩余。加入另外的碳酸钠(0.51当量)和三氟甲磺酸酐(0.50当量)。2小时后,将混合物通过粗烧结玻璃漏斗过滤(滤饼用DCM洗涤),转移至锥形瓶中,通过在剧烈搅拌下小心加入饱和的碳酸氢钠水溶液直到pH=7来猝灭,转移至分液漏斗中,并分离各层。将有机层用盐水洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,得到三氟甲磺酸5,5-二甲基-3-氧代环己-1-烯基酯,其没有进一步纯化即用于下一步骤。LC/MS(m/z):MH+=273.1,Rt=1.03min.
5,5-二甲基-3-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼杂环戊-2-基)环己-2-烯酮的
合成
将试剂三氟甲磺酸5,5-二甲基-3-氧代环己-1-烯基酯(1.0eq)、乙酸钾(3.0eq)和双(频哪醇基)二硼(2.0eq)全部加至圆底烧瓶中的1,4-二氧六环中(0.2M),并通过将N2鼓入混合物中(10min)进行脱气。加入PdCl2(dppf)-DCM加合物(0.03eq),并在装配有回流冷凝器情况下在油浴中、N2气氛下将反应物加热至80℃反应过夜。将混合物冷却至室温,通过粗的烧结玻璃漏斗过滤,用1,4-二氧六环淋洗滤饼,得到在1,4-二氧六环中的5,5-二甲基-3-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼杂环戊-2-基)环己-2-烯酮,其没有进一步纯化即用于下一步骤中。LC/MS(m/z):MH+(硼酸)=169.1,Rt=0.50min.
5,5-二甲基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯酮的合成
将硼酸酯即5,5-二甲基-3-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼杂环戊-2-基)环己-2-烯酮(1.0eq)溶解在圆底烧瓶中的1,4-二氧六环中,通过将N2鼓入溶液中(30分钟)进行脱气。加入4-氯-3-硝基-吡啶(1.3eq)和2M(aq)碳酸钠(2.0eq),并通入N2(10分钟),然后加入PdCl2(dppf)-DCM(0.05eq)。将反应混合物在110℃搅拌2h。将混合物加至EtOAc和水中。将得到的混合物通过硅藻土过滤,将滤饼用EtOAc洗涤。分离有机层。将水层用EtOAc萃取。将合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,浓缩。将残留物通过硅胶色谱法(用EtOAc∶己烷=1∶10至2∶1洗脱)纯化,得到5,5-二甲基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯酮(46.7%,三步)。LC/MS(m/z):MH+=247.2,Rt=0.79min.
5,5-二甲基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯醇的合成
在0℃,向5,5-二甲基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯酮(1.0eq)和CeCl3-7H2O(1.2eq)的MeOH溶液(0.2M)中加入NaBH4(1.0eq)。将溶液搅拌1小时,然后用5mL水猝灭。在真空中除去挥发物,并将残留物在EtOAc和H2O之间分配。分离有机层,并用盐水洗涤。将合并的水层用EtOAc返萃,并将有机物用盐水洗涤。将合并的有机物用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。将残留物通过柱子纯化(在1∶1乙酸乙酯和己烷中的5%甲醇),得到5,5-二甲基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯醇(74%)。LC/MS(m/z):MH+=249.2,Rt=0.76min.
2-(5,5-二甲基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯基)异吲哚啉-1,3-二酮的合
成
将5,5-二甲基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯醇(1.0eq)、三苯基膦(1.5eq)和邻苯二甲酰亚胺(1.5eq)的THF均匀溶液(0.2M)冷却至0℃,向该溶液中加入偶氮二甲酸二叔丁酯(1.5eq)的THF溶液。将混合物在0℃搅拌2小时。将反应物在真空中浓缩。将残留物通过柱子纯化(在1∶1乙酸乙酯和己烷中的5%甲醇),得到2-(5,5-二甲基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯基)异吲哚啉-1,3-二酮(99%)。LC/MS(m/z):MH+=378.2,Rt=1.10min.
2-(3-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5,5-二甲基环己-2-烯基)异吲哚啉-1,3-二酮的合
成
将2-(5,5-二甲基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯基)异吲哚啉-1,3-二酮(1eq)的乙酸溶液(0.1M)用氮气冲洗10min。然后加入10%Pd/C(0.10eq)。将反应混合物在室温、氢气气氛下搅拌过夜。通过硅藻土过滤移出固体,然后用EtOAc和MeOH淋洗。将滤液浓缩,用EtOAc稀释并用饱和2MNa2CO3水溶液洗涤2×。将有机层用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。将残留物通过柱子纯化(在1∶1乙酸乙酯和己烷中的5%甲醇),得到2-(3-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5,5-二甲基环己-2-烯基)异吲哚啉-1,3-二酮(89%)。LC/MS(m/z):MH+=348.3,Rt=0.79min.
2-(5-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-3,3-二甲基环己基)异吲哚啉-1,3-二酮的合成
将2-(3-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5,5-二甲基环己-2-烯基)异吲哚啉-1,3-二酮(1.0eq)的乙酸溶液(0.1M)用氮气冲洗10min。然后加入10%Pd/C(0.1eq)。将反应混合物在45℃、300psi氢气气氛下在钢瓶中搅拌过夜,并在65℃、300psi搅拌5小时。通过硅藻土过滤移出固体,然后用EtOAc和MeOH淋洗。将滤液浓缩,用EtOAc稀释并用饱和2M Na2CO3水溶液洗涤2×。将有机层用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。将残留物通过柱子纯化(在1∶1乙酸乙酯和己烷中的5%甲醇),得到2-(5-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-3,3-二甲基环己基)异吲哚啉-1,3-二酮(53%)。LC/MS(m/z):MH+=350.3,Rt=0.78min。通过手性HPLC拆分对映体纯的2-((1R,5R)-5-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-3,3-二甲基环己基)异吲哚啉-1,3-二酮和2-((1S,5S)-5-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-3,3-二甲基环己基)异吲哚啉-1,3-二酮(对于分析而言,分别地,Rt=7.53min和13.11min;己烷∶乙醇=80∶20(v∶v),Chiralcel OJ-H 100x4.6mm,1mL/min。对于制备分离,己烷∶乙醇=80∶20(v∶v),Chiralcel OJ-H 250x20mm,20mL/min)。1H NMR(CDCl3):δ8.04(s,1H),8.00(d,1H),7.82(m,2H),7.71(m,2H),7.06(d,1H),4.54(m,1H),3.71(m,2H),2.89(m,1H),2.23-2.44(m,2H),1.90(m,1H),1.20-1.60(m,3H),1.18(s,3H),1.07(s,3H).
三氟甲磺酸5-甲基-3-氧代环己-1-烯基酯的合成
向5-甲基环己烷-1,3-二酮(1当量)的DCM溶液(0.4M)中加入Na2CO3(1.0当量)并冷却至0℃。在0℃、氮气气氛下历经1小时,滴加加入Tf2O(1.0当量)的DCM溶液(5M)。加入后,将反应物在室温搅拌2hr(暗红色溶液)。将溶液过滤,并向滤液中加入饱和的NaHCO3(小心地),然后萃取有机物,用盐水、然后用Na2SO4干燥,并浓缩。将粗品通过SiO2柱色谱法采用DCM和己烷(1∶1)洗脱进行纯化,或通过中性氧化铝填料采用DCM洗脱进行纯化,得到三氟甲磺酸5-甲基-3-氧代环己-1-烯基酯,分别30%或67%收率。一旦贮存,该三氟甲磺酸酯分解,因此其应当立即用于下一反应。LC/MS=259.1/300.1(M+H和M+CH3CN);Rt=0.94min,LC=3.84min.
5-甲基-3-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼杂环戊-2-基)环己-2-烯酮的合成
向三氟甲磺酸5-甲基-3-氧代环己-1-烯基酯(1.0当量)的脱气的二氧六环溶液(0.3M)中加入双(频哪醇基)二硼(2.0当量)、KOAc(3.0当量)和Pd(dppf)Cl2-DCM(0.05当量)。将反应物加热至80℃反应10h,然后过滤。该二氧六环溶液没有进一步纯化即用于下一步骤。LC/MS=155.1(硼酸的M+H);Rt=0.41min,LC=1.37min.
5-甲基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯酮的合成
向5-甲基-3-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼杂环戊-2-基)环己-2-烯酮(1.0当量)的脱气的二氧六环和2M Na2CO3溶液中加入4-氯-3-硝基吡啶(1.2当量)和Pd(PPh3)4(0.05当量)。将反应物在油浴中加热至120℃反应2h。(反应还可以在微波中在120℃进行10min)。冷却至室温,然后用EtOAc稀释,加入H2O-深色溶液,许多乳状液。过滤除去固体,然后萃取有机相,用Na2SO4干燥,并浓缩。将粗品通过硅胶色谱法纯化,得到5-甲基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯酮。LC/MS=233.2(M+H);Rt=0.69min,LC=2.70min.
顺式-(+/-)-5-甲基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯醇的合成
向5-甲基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯酮(1.0当量)溶液中加入EtOH(1.1M)和CeCl3-7H2O(1.3当量)。将反应物冷却至0℃,然后分次加入NaBH4(1.3当量)。在0℃搅拌2h,然后通过加水猝灭,浓缩以除去EtOH,加入EtOAc,萃取有机物,用盐水、然后用Na2SO4干燥,并浓缩,得到5-甲基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯醇(91%)。LC/MS=235.2(M+H),LC=2.62min.
顺式-(+/-)-4-(3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-5-甲基环己-1-烯基)-3-硝
基吡啶的合成
向5-甲基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯醇(1.0当量)的DMF溶液(0.5M)中加入咪唑(4.0当量)和TBDSMCl(2.5当量)。搅拌18小时后,将溶液在EtOAc和H2O之间分配并分离。进一步用H2O(3x)和NaCl(饱和的)洗涤后,用MgSO4干燥,过滤并除去溶剂,获得4-(3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-5-甲基环己-1-烯基)-3-硝基吡啶(85%)。LC/MS=349.2(M+H),LC=5.99min.
顺式-(+/-)-4-(3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-胺
的合成
向顺式--(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-5-甲基环己-1-烯基)-3-硝基吡啶(1.0当量)的甲醇溶液(浓度为0.1M)中加入10%钯碳(0.1eq.)。将得到的非均匀溶液置于氢气气氛下,并搅拌15小时。此时将混合物通过硅藻土过滤,用甲醇洗脱。在真空中除去挥发物,得到全顺式-4-(3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-胺(90%)。LCMS(m/z):321.3(MH+);LC Rt=3.85min.
顺式(+/-)4-3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-基氨
基甲酸苄酯的合成
向顺式-(+/-)-4-(3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-胺的二氯甲烷溶液(浓度为0.5M)中加入碳酸苄基2,5-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基酯(1.1当量)和DMAP(0.05当量)。在rt搅拌16小时后再加入碳酸苄基2,5-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基酯(0.55当量)和DMAP(0.03当量)。再在rt搅拌24小时后,再加入碳酸苄基2,5-二氧代吡咯烷-1-基酯(0.1当量)和DMAP(0.03当量)。再搅拌18小时后,将溶液在EtOAc和Na2CO3(饱和的)之间分配并分离。进一步用Na2CO3(饱和的)(2x)和NaCl(饱和的)洗涤后,用MgSO4干燥,过滤并除去溶剂,得到顺式(+/-)4-3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-基氨基甲酸苄酯。将粗制的物质如此直接使用。LC/MS=455.3(M+H),LC=4.39min.
顺式-(+/-)4-(3-羟基-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-基氨基甲酸苄酯的合成
将顺式(+/-)4-3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-基氨基甲酸苄酯的1∶2∶16 N HCl/THF/MeOH溶液(浓度为0.1M)在rt搅拌6小时。通过加入6N NaOH将pH调到pH=7,在真空中除去挥发物。将水层用EtOAc萃取,将有机物用NaCl(饱和的)洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中除去挥发物,得到顺式-(+/-)4-(3-羟基-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-基氨基甲酸苄酯。将粗制的物质如此直接使用。LC/MS=341.2(M+H),LC=2.38min.
顺式(+/-)-4-(3-甲基-5-氧代环己基)吡啶-3-基氨基甲酸苄酯的合成
向0℃的顺式-(+/-)-4-(3-羟基-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-基氨基甲酸苄酯的湿CH2Cl2溶液(浓度为0.16M)中加入Dess-Martin高碘化物(1.5当量),并将溶液搅拌18小时,其升温至rt。将溶液在EtOAc和1∶1 10%Na2S2O3/NaHCO3(饱和的)之间分配并分离。进一步用1∶1 10%Na2S2O3/NaHCO3(饱和的)(2x)和NaCl(饱和的)洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,过滤,除去溶剂并通过硅胶色谱法(75-100%EtOAc/己烷)纯化,获得顺式-(+/-)-4-(3-甲基-5-氧代环己基)吡啶-3-基氨基甲酸苄酯,为白色固体(53%,5步)。LC/MS=339.2(M+H).
顺式-(+/-)-4-(-3-(苄基氨基)-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-基氨基甲酸苄酯的
合成
将顺式-(+/-)-4-(3-甲基-5-氧代环己基)吡啶-3-基氨基甲酸苄酯(1.0当量)和苄胺(3.0当量)的MeOH溶液(浓度为0.25M)在rt搅拌2小时。在-78℃冷浴中冷却后,加入LiBH4(1.1当量,2.0M的THF溶液),并历经16小时在搅拌下使溶液升至rt。将溶液在EtOAc和NaHCO3(饱和的)之间分配,分离,进一步用NaHCO3(饱和的)和NaCl(饱和的)洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,过滤,在真空中除去挥发物后,获得顺式-(+/-)-4-(-3-(苄基氨基)-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-基氨基甲酸苄酯,为4∶1的异构体混合物,以全顺式的为主。LC/MS=430.3(M+H),LC=0.62min.
顺式(+/-)-(-3-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5-甲基环己基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
向顺式-(+/-)-4-(-3-(苄基氨基)-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-基氨基甲酸苄酯(1.0当量)的甲醇溶液(浓度为0.07M)中加入20%在炭上的氢氧化钯(0.2eq.)。将得到的非均匀溶液置于氢气气氛下,并搅拌14小时。此时将反应物用Ar冲洗,加入Boc2O(1.0当量),并将溶液搅拌8小时。再加入Boc2O(1.0当量),并将溶液再搅拌16小时。此时将混合物通过硅藻土过滤,用甲醇洗脱。在真空中除去挥发物后,通过硅胶色谱法(2.5-2.5MeOH/CH2Cl2,含有0.1%DIEA)纯化,并从10%EtOAc/己烷重结晶,得到顺式(+/-)-(-3-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5-甲基环己基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(49%)。LCMS(m/z):306.3(MH+),LC Rt=2.59min。通过手性色谱法可以获得纯的对映体。
4-(环己-1,3-二烯基)-3-硝基吡啶的合成
向3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯醇(1.0当量)溶液中加入二氧六环(0.18M)和p-TSA(1.1当量)。将溶液加热至100℃反应4h。冷却至室温,用饱和的NaHCO3和乙酸乙酯后处理,将有机相用Na2SO4干燥并浓缩。将粗品通过硅胶柱色谱法采用100%DCM洗脱进行纯化,得到4-(环己-1,3-二烯基)-3-硝基吡啶,为黄色油状物(27%收率)。LCMS(m/z):203.1(MH+),LC Rt=3.53min,H-NMR(CDCl3):9.02(s,1H),8.70(d,J=5.3,1H),7.30(d,J=5.3,1H),6.15-6.17(m,1H),6.02-6.11(m,2H),2.35-2.38(m,4H).
6-羟基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
在室温,向2-叠氮基-4-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-3-烯醇(1.0当量)的吡啶和NH4OH溶液(8∶1,0.23M)中加入三甲基膦(3.0当量)。将混合物在室温搅拌3小时。除去溶剂。向残留物中加入乙醇。然后在真空中除去乙醇,以确保完全除去氨。将残留物溶解在1,4-二氧六环和饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液中,然后将在THF中的Boc2O(1.0eq)加至该混合物中。将得到的混合物在室温搅拌2小时。将反应混合物用乙酸乙酯稀释,并用饱和NaCl洗涤。将有机物用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。将残留物通过柱子纯化(在1∶1乙酸乙酯和己烷中的5%甲醇),得到6-羟基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(82%)。LC/MS(m/z):MH+=336.0,Rt=0.71
(+/-)-4-(3-叠氮基-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)环己-1-烯基)-3-硝基
吡啶的合成
在室温,向(+/-)-2-叠氮基-4-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-3-烯醇(1.0当量)的DCM溶液(0.15M)中加入TBSCl(2.0当量)、咪唑(2.0当量)和DMAP(0.1当量)。18h后,加入水,将有机物用盐水、然后用Na2SO4干燥,并浓缩。将粗物质上载到硅胶上并通过ISCO纯化(用乙酸乙酯和己烷(20%)洗脱)。获得(+/-)-4-(3-叠氮基-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)环己-1-烯基)-3-硝基吡啶,为黄色油状物,60%收率。LCMS(m/z):376.3(MH+),LC Rt=5.848min.
(+/-)-6-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯基
氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
在圆底烧瓶中,加入(+/-)-4-(3-叠氮基-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)环己-1-烯基)-3-硝基吡啶(1.0当量)和吡啶(0.1M),得到黄色溶液。加入氢氧化铵(10∶1吡啶∶氢氧化铵),随后加入PMe3(3.0当量)。10min后反应物转为深棕色。在室温搅拌1.5h。加入EtOH猝灭并浓缩。再重复2次。向粗品中加入饱和NaHCO3和二氧六环(1∶1,0.1M)。加入Boc2O(1.0当量)。在室温搅拌1小时。用H2O和EtOAc洗涤后,将有机相用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。将残留物通过ISCO(5∶1Hex/EtOAc)纯化。收集纯的流份并浓缩,得到(+/-)-6-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯基氨基甲酸叔丁酯,为泡沫状物。LCMS(m/z):450.3(MH+),LC Rt=5.83min.
(+/-)-3-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-6-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)环己-2-烯基
氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
向(+/-)-6-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(1.0当量)的AcOH溶液(0.18M)中加入Fe(6.0当量),并将反应物搅拌20h。用甲醇稀释反应物进行后处理,过滤并浓缩滤液。向粗品中加入乙酸乙酯和饱和的NaHCO3,将有机物用硫酸钠干燥,并浓缩,得到(+/-)-3-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-6-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)环己-2-烯基氨基甲酸叔丁酯,为黄色油状物,94%收率。LCMS(m/z):420.3(MH+),LC Rt=3.88min.
(+/-)-5-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-2-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)环己基氨基
甲酸叔丁酯的合成
向(+/-)-3-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-6-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)环己-2-烯基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(1.0当量)的MeOH溶液(0.1M)中加入Pd/C(20%重量),并将反应物在氢气球条件下搅拌18h。反应物的LC/MS显示为非对映异构体的混合物,将反应物过滤,用EtOAc洗涤并浓缩滤液。将粗制的物质通过制备HPLC纯化(在DMSO中),合并纯的流份,用固体NaHCO3中和,用乙酸乙酯萃取,用盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥并浓缩,得到产物A(8%收率)和产物B(51%收率)。
产物A:LCMS(m/z):422.4(MH+),LC Rt=3.75min.
产物B:LCMS(m/z):422.4(MH+),LC Rt=3.94min.
甲磺酸2-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-3-烯基酯的合
成
在0℃,向6-羟基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(1.0当量)和三乙胺(1.5当量)的CH2Cl2溶液(0.2M)中加入甲磺酰氯(1.2当量)。将混合物在该温度搅拌2小时。将反应混合物用乙酸乙酯稀释,并用饱和NaCl洗涤。将有机物用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩,得到甲磺酸2-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-3-烯基酯(85%),其没有进一步纯化即用于下一步骤。LC/MS(m/z):MH+=414.0,Rt=0.82
(+/-)-5-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-3,3a,7,7a-四氢苯并[d]
唑-2(6H)-酮的合成
将甲磺酸2-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-3-烯基酯(1.0当量)的吡啶混合物(0.21M)在微波中、110℃下搅拌10min。在减压下除去吡啶。将残留物溶解在乙酸乙酯中,并用饱和NaCl洗涤。将有机物用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩,得到5-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-3,3a,7,7a-四氢苯并[d]唑-2(6H)-酮(85%),其没有进一步纯化即用于下一步骤。LC/MS(m/z):MH+=262.1,Rt=0.49
(+/-)-5-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-2-氧代-3a,6,7,7a-四氢苯并[d]
唑-3(2H)-甲
酸叔丁酯的合成
在室温,向5-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-3,3a,7,7a-四氢苯并[d]唑-2(6H)-酮(1.0当量)、TEA(1.8当量)和催化量DMAP的CH2Cl2溶液(0.19M)中加入二碳酸二叔丁酯(1.2当量)。将反应混合物搅拌1小时。将反应混合物用乙酸乙酯(100mL)稀释,并用饱和NaCl(30mL)洗涤。将有机物用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。将残留物通过柱子纯化(在1∶1乙酸乙酯和己烷中的5%甲醇),得到5-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-2-氧代-3a,6,7,7a-四氢苯并[d]唑-3(2H)-甲酸叔丁酯(98%)。LC/MS(m/z):MH+=306.0,Rt=0.75
(+/-)-5-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-2-氧代六氢苯并[d]
唑-3(2H)-甲酸叔丁酯
的合成
向5-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-2-氧代-3a,6,7,7a-四氢苯并[d]唑-3(2H)-甲酸叔丁酯(1.0当量)的甲醇和乙酸乙酯溶液(1∶1,0.1M)中加入Pd/C(10%)。将得到的混合物在H2气氛下搅拌6小时。通过过滤除去固体。在减压下浓缩滤液,得到5-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-2-氧代六氢苯并[d]唑-3(2H)-甲酸叔丁酯(87%),其没有进一步纯化即用于下一步骤。LC/MS(m/z):MH+=334.1,Rt=0.51.
(+/-)-4-(5-甲基环己-1,3-二烯基)-3-硝基吡啶的合成
向5-甲基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯醇(1.0当量)的二氧六环溶液(0.1M)中加入p-TSA(1.0当量),并将反应物在100℃搅拌3h。将溶液冷却至室温,然后使其通过中性氧化铝垫层(用EtOAc洗脱),得到(+/-)-4-(5-甲基环己-1,3-二烯基)-3-硝基吡啶,为黄色油状物,68%收率。LC/MS=217.1(M+H),LC=3.908min.
(+/-)-6-溴-5-甲基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯醇的合成
向4-(5-甲基环己-1,3-二烯基)-3-硝基吡啶(1.0当量)的THF和水溶液(1∶1,0.13M)中加入NBS(1.5当量),并将反应物在室温搅拌30min。完成后,将乙酸乙酯和水加入反应物中,将有机相用盐水、然后用硫酸钠干燥,过滤,并浓缩。将粗物质通过硅胶色谱法采用乙酸乙酯和己烷(1∶1)洗脱进行纯化,得到(+/-)-6-溴-5-甲基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯醇,为黄色油状物,80%收率。LC/MS=315.0/313.0(M+H),LC=2.966min.
(+/-)-2-叠氮基-6-甲基-4-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-3-烯醇的合成
向(+/-)-6-溴-5-甲基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯醇(1.0当量)的THF溶液(0.1M)中加入叔丁醇钾(1.5当量)。反应物几乎立即从橙色变为黑色。借助TLC可知,产物的生成在30min内完成。通过加入饱和的氯化铵和乙酸乙酯猝灭。将有机相用盐水、然后用硫酸钠干燥,过滤,并浓缩。将粗产物溶解在乙醇和水(3∶1,0.1M)中,并加入氯化铵(2.0当量)和叠氮化钠(2.0当量)。将深橙色反应物在室温搅拌过夜。通过LC/MS显示完全转化为产物。将反应物浓缩以除去乙醇,加入乙酸乙酯和水,将有机相用硫酸钠干燥,过滤,并浓缩。将粗物质通过硅胶柱色谱法采用乙酸乙酯和己烷(1∶1)洗脱进行纯化,得到(+/-)-2-叠氮基-6-甲基-4-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-3-烯醇,55%收率。LC/MS=276.0(M+H),LC=2.803min.
(+/-)-6-羟基-5-甲基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯基氨基甲酸叔丁酯
的合成
向(+/-)-2-叠氮基-6-甲基-4-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-3-烯醇(1.0当量)的吡啶和氢氧化铵溶液(8∶1,0.08M)中加入三甲基膦(3.0当量),并将棕色溶液在室温搅拌2h。一旦完成后,加入EtOH,并将溶液在真空中浓缩。再加入乙醇,并再次浓缩反应物。将二氧六环和饱和NaHCO3(1∶1,0.08M)加入到粗品中,随后加入Boc2O(1.0当量)。在室温将反应混合物搅拌2h,然后加入水和乙酸乙酯。将有机相用MgSO4干燥并浓缩。将粗产物通过硅胶柱色谱法采用乙酸乙酯和己烷(1∶1)洗脱进行纯化,得到(+/-)-6-羟基-5-甲基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(59%)。LC/MS=350.1(M+H),Rt:0.76min.
(+/-)-乙酸2-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-6-甲基-4-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-3-烯
基酯的合成
向(+/-)-6-羟基-5-甲基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(1.0当量)的吡啶溶液(0.1M)中加入Ac2O(2.0当量),并将反应物在室温搅拌过夜。一旦完成后,将反应物浓缩至干,然后用乙酸乙酯和水后处理。将有机相用盐水、然后用硫酸钠干燥,过滤,并浓缩,得到(+/-)-乙酸2-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-6-甲基-4-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-3-烯基酯,94%收率。LC/MS=392.2(M+H),Rt=0.94min.
(+/-)-乙酸4-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-2-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-6-甲基环己基酯
的合成
向(+/-)-乙酸2-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-6-甲基-4-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-3-烯基酯(1.0当量)的MeOH和EtOAc脱气溶液(1∶1,0.1M)中加入Pd/C(0.1当量),并将反应物在室温、氢气气球条件下搅拌3天。一旦完成后,将溶液通过硅藻土垫层过滤,将该垫层用乙酸乙酯洗涤,并浓缩滤液。粗物质含有约10%不需要的异构体。将粗物质溶解在乙酸乙酯(~20%)和己烷中,并加热直至全部溶解。将溶液在室温搅拌2天。然后收集沉淀物,得到为纯产物的(+/-)-乙酸4-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-2-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-6-甲基环己基酯,59%收率。LC/MS=364.3(M+H),Rt=0.63min.
甲磺酸2-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-6-甲基-4-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-3-烯基
酯的合成
向6-羟基-5-甲基-3-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-2-烯基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(1.0当量)的DCM溶液(0.09M)中加入三乙胺(1.5当量),并将反应物冷却至0℃。将MsCl(1.2当量)加至反应物中,并搅拌3h。再将1.0当量的MsCl加至反应物中,并再搅拌2h。加入水对反应物进行后处理,将有机相用盐水、硫酸钠干燥,并浓缩。将粗产物通过硅胶柱色谱法采用乙酸乙酯和己烷(1∶1)洗脱进行纯化,得到甲磺酸2-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-6-甲基-4-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-3-烯基酯,为白色泡沫状物,65%收率。LC/MS=428.2(M+H),LC:3.542min.
(+/-)-7-甲基-5-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-2-氧代-3a,6,7,7a-四氢苯并[d]
唑
-3(2H)-甲酸叔丁酯的合成
将(+/-)-甲磺酸2-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-6-甲基-4-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)环己-3-烯基酯(1.0当量)的吡啶溶液(0.2M)在微波中在110℃加热10min。然后在真空中浓缩橙色的反应物,将粗品溶解在乙酸乙酯和水中,将有机相用硫酸钠干燥并在真空下浓缩。将粗物质溶解在DCM中(0.2M),加入三乙胺(1.8当量),随后加入Boc2O(1.2当量)。将反应物搅拌40min,然后浓缩至干。将粗物质通过硅胶柱色谱法采用己烷和乙酸乙酯(1∶1)洗脱进行纯化,得到(+/-)-7-甲基-5-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-2-氧代-3a,6,7,7a-四氢苯并[d]唑-3(2H)-甲酸叔丁酯,为白色泡沫状物,66%收率。LC/MS=376.0(M+H),LC:3.424min.
(+/-)-5-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-7-甲基-2-氧代六氢苯并[d]
唑-3(2H)-甲酸
叔丁酯的合成
向(+/-)-7-甲基-5-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-2-氧代-3a,6,7,7a-四氢苯并[d]唑-3(2H)-甲酸叔丁酯(1.0当量)的MeOH和EtOAc脱气溶液(1∶1,0.1M)中加入Pd/C(0.1当量)。将反应物在氢气气球条件下搅拌过夜。一旦完成后,将溶液通过硅藻土垫层过滤,并将该垫层用乙酸乙酯洗涤。将滤液在真空下浓缩,得到为所需产物的(+/-)-5-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-7-甲基-2-氧代六氢苯并[d]唑-3(2H)-甲酸叔丁酯,为黄色泡沫状物,93%收率。LC/MS=348.1(M+H),Rt=055min.
(2R)-1-(苄基氧基)-3-羟基-4-甲基己-5-烯-2-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
在-78℃、Ar气氛下向N-Boc,O-苄基-D-丝氨酸醛(1.0当量)的DCM溶液(0.1M)中,加入(Z)-2-(丁-2-烯基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼杂环戊烷(1.1当量),并将澄清的溶液搅拌16小时,其升至rt。将溶液加至EtOAc中,并用H2O(3x)和NaCl(饱和的)洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,并通过硅胶色谱法(15%EtOAc/己烷)纯化,得到(2R)-1-(苄基氧基)-3-羟基-4-甲基己-5-烯-2-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(54%),通过1H NMR判断为3∶1的异构体混合物。LCMS(m/z):236.3(MH+-Boc);LC Rt=4.37和4.51min.
(4R)-4-(苄基氧基甲基)-5-(丁-3-烯-2-基)
唑烷-2-酮的合成
向(2R)-1-(苄基氧基)-3-羟基-4-甲基己-5-烯-2-的THF溶液(0.1M)中加入60%在矿物油中的氢化钠(1.5当量)。搅拌3天后,通过加入NH4Cl(饱和的)猝灭反应,并将溶液用EtOAc稀释,并用NH4Cl(饱和的)和NaCl(饱和的)洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,并通过硅胶色谱法(50%EtOAc/己烷)纯化,得到(4R)-4-(苄基氧基甲基)-5-(丁-3-烯-2-基)唑烷-2-酮(89%),为3∶1混合物。LCMS(m/z):262.2(MH+);LC Rt=3.47min.
(4R)-4-(苄基氧基甲基)-5-(1-羟基丙-2-基)
唑烷-2-酮的合成
向(4R)-4-(苄基氧基甲基)-5-(丁-3-烯-2-基)唑烷-2-酮(1.0当量)的2∶1MeOH/H2O溶液(0.04M)中加入4%的在H2O中的四氧化锇(0.07当量)和高碘酸钠(3.0当量)。搅拌3小时后,将白色沉淀物过滤并用EtOAc淋洗。将合并的滤液在真空中浓缩,并将残留物溶解在EtOAc中,用NaCl(饱和的)洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩。将粗制的醛溶解在EtOH(0.08M)中,并冷却至0℃,加入硼氢化钠(2.0当量)。搅拌15小时后,升至室温,通过加入H2O猝灭反应。搅拌20分钟后,在真空中除去EtOH,加入EtOAc,并将溶液用1N HCl、NaHCO3(饱和的)和NaCl(饱和的)洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩,通过硅胶色谱法纯化后,得到(4R)-4-(苄基氧基甲基)-5-(1-羟基丙-2-基)唑烷-2-酮,为3∶1的异构体混合物(60%)。LCMS(m/z):266.1(MH+);LC Rt=2.28min.
(4R)-4-(羟基甲基)-5-(1-羟基丙-2-基)
唑烷-2-酮的合成
向(4R)-4-(苄基氧基甲基)-5-(1-羟基丙-2-基)唑烷-2-酮(1.0当量)的甲醇溶液(浓度为0.1M)中加入10%钯碳(0.1eq.)。将得到的非均匀溶液置于氢气气氛下,并搅拌15小时。此时将混合物通过硅藻土过滤,用甲醇洗脱。在真空中除去挥发物,得到(4R)-4-(羟基甲基)-5-(1-羟基丙-2-基)唑烷-2-酮(99%)。LCMS(m/z):176.1(MH+).
4-甲基苯磺酸2-((4R)-2-氧代-4-(对甲苯磺酰基氧基甲基)
唑烷-5-基)
丙基酯的合成
在0℃向(4R)-4-(羟基甲基)-5-(1-羟基丙-2-基)唑烷-2-酮(1.0当量)的吡啶溶液(0.15M)中加入对甲苯磺酰氯(2.1当量)。使溶液升至rt,将其搅拌14小时,此时加入EtOAc,并将溶液用H2O(3x)、CuSO4(饱和的)(2x)、H2O、Na2CO3(饱和的)和NaCl(饱和的)洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,过滤,浓缩并通过硅胶色谱法(75%EtOAc/己烷洗脱)纯化,得到4-甲基苯磺酸2-((4R)-2-氧代-4-(对甲苯磺酰基氧基甲基)唑烷-5-基)丙基酯(68%)。LCMS(m/z):484.1(MH+);LC Rt=4.06min.
(3aR,7R,7aS)-5-(4-甲氧基苄基)-7-甲基六氢
唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2(3H)-
酮和(3aR,7S,7aR)-5-(4-甲氧基苄基)-7-甲基六氢
唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2(3H)-
酮的合成
将4-甲基苯磺酸2-((4R)-2-氧代-4-(对甲苯磺酰基氧基甲基)唑烷-5-基)丙基酯(1.0当量)、二异丙基乙胺(3.0当量)和对甲氧基苄胺(1.5当量)的NMP溶液(0.05M)在100℃加热14小时。将溶液通过RP HPLC直接纯化。通过加至EtOAc和Na2CO3(s)中将产物流份脱盐,进一步用NaCl(饱和的)洗涤,用MgSO4干燥并浓缩,得到两个分离的异构体(3aR,7R,7aS)-5-(4-甲氧基苄基)-7-甲基六氢唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2(3H)-酮和(3aR,7S,7aR)-5-(4-甲氧基苄基)-7-甲基六氢唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2(3H)-酮(27%和8%)。LCMS(m/z):277.2(MH+).
(3aR,7R,7aS)-7-甲基六氢
唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2(3H)-酮的合成
向(3aR,7R,7aS)-5-(4-甲氧基苄基)-7-甲基六氢唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2(3H)-酮(1.0当量)的甲醇溶液(浓度为0.1M)中加入20%在炭上的氢氧化钯(0.3eq.)。将得到的非均匀溶液置于氢气气氛下,并搅拌2小时。此时将混合物通过硅藻土过滤,用甲醇洗脱。在真空中除去挥发物,得到(3aR,7R,7aS)-7-甲基六氢唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2(3H)-酮(99%)。LCMS(m/z):157.1(MH+).
(3aR,7R,7aS)-7-甲基-5-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-2-氧代六氢
唑并[4,5-c]吡
啶-3(2H)-甲酸叔丁酯的合成
将4-氯-3-硝基吡啶(1.3当量)和(3aR,7R,7aS)-7-甲基六氢唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2(3H)-酮(1.5当量)的CH2Cl2溶液(浓度为0.1M)在rt搅拌48小时,此时加入哌啶(0.4当量),以消耗过量的4-氯-3-硝基吡啶。再搅拌2小时后,加入二碳酸二叔丁酯(2.0当量)和二甲基氨基吡啶(0.1当量)。搅拌4小时后,将溶液在EtOAc和NaHCO3(饱和的)之间分配,进一步用NaHCO3(饱和的)和NaCl(饱和的)洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,过滤并通过硅胶色谱法纯化,得到(3aR,7R,7aS)-7-甲基-5-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-2-氧代六氢唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-3(2H)甲酸叔丁酯(62%)。LCMS(m/z):379.0(MH+).
(3aR,7R,7aS)-5-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-7-甲基-2-氧代六氢
唑并[4,5-c]吡
啶-3(2H)-甲酸叔丁酯的合成
向(3aR,7R,7aS)-7-甲基-5-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-2-氧代六氢唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-3(2H)-甲酸叔丁酯(1.0当量)的甲醇溶液(浓度为0.1M)中加入10%钯碳(0.1eq.)。将得到的非均匀溶液置于氢气气氛下,并搅拌14小时。此时将混合物通过硅藻土垫层过滤,用甲醇洗脱。在真空中除去挥发物,得到(3aR,7R,7aS)-5-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-7-甲基-2-氧代六氢唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-3(2H)-甲酸叔丁酯。LCMS(m/z):349.1(MH+);LC Rt=2.06min.
(3aR,7S,7aR)-7-甲基六氢
唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2(3H)-酮的合成
向(3aR,7S,7aR)-5-(4-甲氧基苄基)-7-甲基六氢唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2(3H)-酮(1.0当量)的甲醇溶液(浓度为0.1M)中加入20%在炭上的氢氧化钯(0.3eq.)。将得到的非均匀溶液置于氢气气氛下,并搅拌2小时。此时将混合物通过硅藻土垫层过滤,用甲醇洗脱。在真空中除去挥发物,得到(3aR,7S,7aR)-7-甲基六氢唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2(3H)-酮(99%)。LCMS(m/z):157.1(MH+).
(3aR,7S,7aR)-7-甲基-5-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-2-氧代六氢
唑并[4,5-c]吡
啶-3(2H)-甲酸叔丁酯的合成
将4-氯-3-硝基吡啶(1.3当量)和(3aR,7S,7aR)-7-甲基六氢唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2(3H)-酮(1.5当量)的CH2Cl2溶液(浓度为0.1M)在rt搅拌48小时,此时加入哌啶(0.4当量)以消耗过量的4-氯-3-硝基吡啶。再搅拌2小时后,加入二碳酸二叔丁酯(2.0当量)和二甲基氨基吡啶(0.1当量)。搅拌4小时后,将溶液在EtOAc和NaHCO3(饱和的)之间分配,进一步用NaHCO3(饱和的)和NaCl(饱和的)洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,过滤并通过硅胶色谱法(75%EtOAc/己烷洗脱剂)纯化,得到(3aR,7S,7aR)-7-甲基-5-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-2-氧代六氢唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-3(2H)-甲酸叔丁酯(35%)。LCMS(m/z):379.0(MH+).LCRt=2.42min.
(3aR,7R,7aS)-5-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-7-甲基-2-氧代六氢
唑并[4,5-c]吡
啶-3(2H)-甲酸叔丁酯的合成
向(3aR,7S,7aR)-7-甲基-5-(3-硝基吡啶-4-基)-2-氧代六氢唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-3(2H)-甲酸叔丁酯(1.0当量)的甲醇溶液(浓度为0.1M)中加入10%钯碳(0.1eq.)。将得到的非均匀溶液置于氢气气氛下,并搅拌14小时。此时将混合物通过硅藻土垫层过滤,用甲醇洗脱。在真空中除去挥发物,得到(3aR,7S,7aR)-5-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-7-甲基-2-氧代六氢唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-3(2H)-甲酸叔丁酯。LCMS(m/z):349.1(MH+);LC Rt=2.18min.
方法3
2,6-二氟硫代苯甲酰胺的合成
将2,6-二氟苯甲酰胺(1eq)和Lawesson′s试剂(0.5eq.)的甲苯溶液(0.2M)在90℃加热14小时。冷却后,在真空中除去挥发物并通过SiO2色谱法(25%EtOAc/己烷)纯化,得到2,6-二氟硫代苯甲酰胺,为浅黄色固体(99%)。LCMS(m/z):174.1(MH+);LC Rt=2.19min.
环己烷硫代甲酰胺的合成
根据方法3,使环己烷甲酰胺和Lawesson′s试剂反应,得到环己烷硫代甲酰胺。LCMS(m/z):144.1(MH+);LC Rt=5.10min.
方法4
2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酸乙酯的合成
将2,6-二氟硫代苯甲酰胺(1.0eq)和溴丙酮酸乙酯(1.0eq.)的乙醇溶液(1.0M)在微波中在130℃加热30分钟。在真空中除去挥发物后,加入乙酸乙酯,将溶液用Na2CO3(饱和的)和NaCl(饱和的)洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,过滤并浓缩,得到2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酸乙酯(84%)。LCMS(m/z):270.1(MH+);LC Rt=3.79min.
2-环己基噻唑-4-甲酸乙酯的合成
根据方法4,采用环己烷硫代甲酰胺,得到2-环己基噻唑-4-甲酸乙酯。LCMS(m/z):240.1(MH+);LC Rt=3.90min.
方法5
2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酸的合成
向2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酸乙酯(1.0eq.)的2∶1THF/MeOH溶液(0.17M)中加入1.0M LiOH(2.0eq.)。放置16小时后,加入1.0M HCl(2.0eq.),在真空中除去THF/MeOH。将得到的固体过滤,用H2O淋洗并干燥,得到2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酸(88%),为痂状(crusty)固体。LCMS(m/z):251.1(MH+);LC Rt=2.68min.
2-环己基噻唑-4-甲酸的合成
根据方法5,将2-环己基噻唑-4-甲酸乙酯水解,得到2-环己基噻唑-4-甲酸。LCMS(m/z):212.1(MH+);LC Rt=2.90min.
2-氨基-2-氰基乙酸乙酯的合成
向2-氰基-2-(羟基亚氨基)乙酸乙酯(1eq)在70mL水和56mL饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液中的溶液中历经10分钟分次加入Na2S2O4(2.8eq)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌1小时。将溶液用氯化钠饱和,用二氯甲烷(300mLx3)萃取,然后将合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并在真空中浓缩,得到标题化合物,其没有进一步纯化即用于下一步骤(55%)。LC/MS(m/z):129.0(MH+),Rt:0.25min.
2-氰基-2-(2,6-二氟苯甲酰氨基)乙酸乙酯的合成
在0℃向2-氨基-2-氰基乙酸乙酯(1eq)的6mL二氯甲烷溶液中加入吡啶(1.5eq)和2,6-二氟苯甲酰氯(1eq)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌3小时。将混合物用乙酸乙酯稀释,用盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(EtOAc∶己烷=1∶1)纯化,得到标题化合物(84%)。LC/MS(m/z):269.1(MH+),Rt:0.69min.
5-氨基-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酸的合成
向2-氰基-2-(2,6-二氟苯甲酰氨基)乙酸乙酯(1eq)的10mL甲苯溶液中加入Lawesson试剂。将混合物在95℃搅拌2天。在减压下除去溶剂。将粗制的残留物通过快速色谱法(EtOAc∶己烷=1∶1)纯化,得到5-氨基-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酸乙酯,将其溶解在5mL甲醇和5mL THF中。然后向混合物加入1M氢氧化钠(2eq)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌过夜。将反应物浓缩以除去大部分溶剂。将残留物用乙酸乙酯萃取。用1N HCl将水层酸化至pH=4-5。将得到的混合物用乙酸乙酯萃取。分离有机层,用盐水洗涤,然后用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中浓缩,得到纯的标题化合物(34%)。LC/MS(m/z):257.1(MH+),Rt:0.61min.
方法6
(S)-N-(4-(3-氨基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺
的合成
将各1eq的(S)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯、2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酸、HOAT和EDC的NMP均匀溶液(浓度为0.38M)放置48小时,此时通过HPLC直接纯化混合物。冷冻干燥后,得到(S)-1-(3-(2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰氨基)吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的TFA盐。或者,可以将HPLC流份加至EtOAc和固体Na2CO3,分离并用NaCl(饱和的)洗涤。用MgSO4干燥后,过滤并在真空中除去挥发物,得到(S)-1-(3-(2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰氨基)吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯。
通过用25%TFA/CH2Cl2处理2小时或用过量的4M HCl的二氧六环溶液处理12小时除去Boc基团。在真空中除去挥发物后,将物质通过RPHPLC纯化,冻干后,得到为TFA盐的(S)-N-(4-(3-氨基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺。或者,可以将HPLC流份加至EtOAc和固体Na2CO3,分离并用NaCl(饱和的)洗涤。用MgSO4干燥后,过滤并在真空中除去挥发物,得到游离碱。溶解于MeCN/H2O后,加入1eq.的1N HCl并冻干,获得(S)-N-(4-(3-氨基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺的HCl盐(43%)。LCMS(m/z):416.1(MH+);LC Rt=1.95min.
如果存在苯甲酰基保护的羟基,可以在除去Boc之前通过用0.2M在MeOH中的氢氧化钠(3eq)在室温处理3小时将它们脱保护,此后将溶液用乙酸乙酯稀释,用盐水洗涤,用无水MgSO4干燥,过滤,并在真空中浓缩,得到Boc保护的醇。
如果存在N-Boc 1,2氨基醇环状氨基甲酸酯,在Boc脱保护前,可以通过用浓度为0.1M的在甲醇中的Cs2CO2(0.5eq)处理3小时,将环状氨基甲酸酯裂解。在真空中除去挥发物后,如上所述那样将Boc氨基基团脱保护。
如果存在TBDMS醚,在除去Boc前,通过用6N HCl、THF、甲醇(1∶2∶1)在室温处理2h将它们脱保护。在真空中除去挥发物后,如上所述那样将Boc氨基基团脱保护。
如果存在二乙氧基磷酰基氨基基团,通过在二氧六环/2NHCl(水溶液)的1∶1溶液中在70℃加热过夜将所述胺脱保护。在真空中除去挥发物后,将物质通过RP HPLC纯化。
采用方法6制备下列化合物:
(S)-1-(3-(2-溴噻唑-4-甲酰氨基)吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
将含有各1eq的(S)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯、2-溴噻唑-4-甲酸、HOAT和EDC的DMF溶液(浓度为0.5M)搅拌60小时。将溶液用EtOAc稀释,并用H2O(4x)、NaCl(饱和的)洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中除去挥发物,得到(S)-1-(3-(2-溴噻唑-4-甲酰氨基)吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯,LCMS(m/z):416.1(MH+);LC Rt=1.95min.
方法7
(S)-N-(4-(3-氨基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2-氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺的合成
将(S)-1-(3-(2-溴噻唑-4-甲酰氨基)吡啶-4-基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(1.0eq)、2-氟苯基硼酸(3.0eq.)、Pd(dppf)Cl2-CH2Cl2(0.15eq.)的3∶1DME/2MNa2CO3溶液(浓度=0.1M)在微波辐射下在120℃加热1200秒。冷却后,分离有机层,并浓缩,将N-Boc Suzuki产物通过反相HPLC直接纯化。将产物流份冻干,并将得到的固体用25%TFA/DCM处理(在得到的0.05M的浓度下)。搅拌2小时后,在真空中除去挥发物,并将残留物通过反相HPLC纯化。冻干后,得到为TFA盐的(S)-N-(4-(3-氨基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2-氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺(35%)。LCMS(m/z):398.1(MH+);LC Rt=2.06min.
采用方法7制备下列化合物:
(3R,4R)-1-(3-(2-溴噻唑-4-甲酰氨基)吡啶-4-基)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅
烷基氧基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯的合成
将含有各1eq的(3R,4R)-1-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯、2-溴噻唑-4-甲酸、HOAT和EDC的DMF溶液(浓度为0.5M)搅拌60小时。将溶液用EtOAc稀释,并用H2O(4x)、NaCl(饱和的)洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中除去挥发物,得到(3R,4R)-1-(3-(2-溴噻唑-4-甲酰氨基)吡啶-4-基)-4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基氧基)哌啶-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯,LCMS(m/z):612.2/614.2(MH+);LC Rt=4.26min.
(1S,3R,5S)-3-(3-(2-溴噻唑-4-甲酰氨基)吡啶-4-基)-5-甲基环己基氨基
甲酸叔丁酯的合成
将含有各1eq的(1S,3R,5S)-3-(3-氨基吡啶-4-基)-5-甲基环己基氨基甲酸叔丁酯、2-溴噻唑-4-甲酸、HOAT和EDC的DMF溶液(浓度为0.3M)搅拌17小时。将溶液用EtOAc稀释,并用H2O(4x)、NaCl(饱和的)洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,过滤并在真空中除去挥发物,得到(1S,3R,5S)-3-(3-(2-溴噻唑-4-甲酰氨基)吡啶-4-基)-5-甲基环己基氨基甲酸叔丁酯,LCMS(m/z):495.1/497.1(MH+);LC Rt=3.17min.
方法8
N-(4-((1R,3S,5S)-3-氨基-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟-3-甲氧
基苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺的合成
将(1S,3R,5S)-3-(3-(2-溴噻唑-4-甲酰氨基)吡啶-4-基)-5-甲基环己基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(1.0当量)、2,6-二氟-3-甲氧基苯基硼酸(4.0当量)、DIEA(4.0当量)和Pd(PPh3)4(0.2当量)的1∶1甲苯/乙醇溶液(浓度为0.03M)在微波中在120℃加热20分钟。将溶液再在微波中在130℃加热2×30min。在真空中除去溶剂,将残留物通过HPLC纯化。将产物流份直接冻干,得到为TFA盐的保护的酰胺产物。通过用25%TFA/CH2Cl2处理2小时脱除Boc基团。在真空中除去挥发物后,将产物通过HPLC纯化,得到N-(4-((1R,3S,5S)-3-氨基-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟-3-甲氧基苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺。LCMS(m/z):459.2(MH+);LC Rt=2.32min.
当应用上面的用于Suzuki的方法时,有时必须再置于微波中加热并在每次再加热时再加入硼酸(4.0当量)、DIEA(4.0当量)和Pd(PPh3)4(0.2当量)。
或者,与2,6二氟取代的硼酸类化合物和2-溴-4-甲酰氨基噻唑类化合物的Suzuki反应可以如下所述进行:在微波中在100℃将溴化物(1.0当量)、硼酸(5当量)、KF(5.5当量)、三叔丁基膦(0.4当量)和Pd2(dba)3(0.2当量)的10∶1THF/H2O混合物(浓度为0.03M)加热30分钟。采用该方法,有时必须再置于微波中在100℃加热并在每次再加热时再加入硼酸(5.0当量)、KF(5.5当量)、三叔丁基膦(0.4当量)和Pd2(dba)3(0.2当量)。
采用方法8制备下列化合物:
实施例58N-(4-((+/-)-3-氨基-4-氟-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二
氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺的合成
向(+/-)-乙酸2-(叔丁氧基羰基氨基)-4-(3-(2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰氨基)吡啶-4-基)-6-甲基环己基酯的MeOH溶液(0.03M)中加入碳酸钾(3.0当量),并将反应物在室温搅拌3h。一旦完成后,将反应物在水和乙酸乙酯之间分配。将水相用乙酸乙酯再萃取3次。合并有机物,用盐水和硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩。得到分离的(+/-)-5-(3-(2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰氨基)吡啶-4-基)-2-羟基-3-甲基环己基氨基甲酸叔丁酯,为灰白色固体,87%收率。LC/MS=545.2(M+H),Rt=0.75min。在0℃、氮气气氛下向(+/-)-5-(3-(2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰氨基)吡啶-4-基)-2-羟基-3-甲基环己基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(1.0当量)的DCM溶液(0.07M)中加入DAST(1。0当量)。将反应物搅拌1小时,然后再加入2当量的DAST。30分钟后,起始原料消耗完全。通过加入水猝灭反应,将有机相用硫酸钠干燥,并浓缩。将粗物质通过硅胶柱色谱法采用乙酸乙酯和己烷(1∶1)洗脱进行纯化,得到(+/-)-5-(3-(2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰氨基)吡啶-4-基)-2-氟-3-甲基环己基氨基甲酸叔丁酯,为澄清的油状物,60%收率。LC/MS=547.3(M+H),Rt=0.92min。通过用25%TFA的二氯甲烷溶液处理2小时除去Boc基团。在真空下浓缩后,将粗品通过半制备HPLC纯化。将纯的流份冻干,得到为TFA盐的所需产物N-(4-((+/-)-3-氨基-4-氟-5-甲基环己基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺,74%收率。LC/MS=447.0(M+H),Rt=0.56min.
采用文中所述的技术和方法制备下列化合物。
Pim1 ATP损耗实验(assay)
采用萤火虫荧光素酶(luciferase-luciferin)ATP检测试剂定量测定由激酶催化的磷酰基向肽底物转移所导致的ATP损耗,测定PIM1的活性。将待测化合物溶于100%DMSO,将其直接分布到白色384孔板上,每孔0.5μl。为了开始反应,向每个孔中加入10μl的5nM Pim1激酶和80μM BAD肽(RSRHSSYPAGT-OH)的分析缓冲液(50mM HEPES pH 7.5,5mMMgCl2,和1mM DTT,0.05%BSA)。15分钟后,加入10μl的40μM ATP的分析缓冲液。最终的分析浓度为2.5nM PIM1、20μM ATP、40μM BAD肽和2.5%DMSO。反应进行直到约50%的ATP被损耗,然后通过加入20μlKinaseGlo Plus(Promega Corporation)溶液终止反应。将终止的反应物温育10分钟,剩余的ATP在Victor2(Perkin Elmer)上通过荧光测定。通过Pim1 ATP损耗实验对前述实施例化合物进行实验,发现其IC50值如下表所示。IC50(半数最大抑制浓度)表示体外抑制其靶点达50%时所需要的测试化合物的浓度。
Pim2 ATP损耗实验
采用萤火虫荧光素酶ATP检测试剂定量测定由激酶催化的磷酰基向肽底物转移所导致的ATP损耗,测定PIM2的活性。将待测化合物溶于100%DMSO,将其直接分布到白色384孔板上,每孔0.5μl。为了开始反应,向每个孔中加入10μl的10nM Pim2激酶和20μM BAD肽(RSRHSSYPAGT-OH)的分析缓冲液(50mM HEPES pH 7.5,5mM MgCl2,和1mM DTT,0.05%BSA)。15分钟后,加入10μl的8μM ATP的分析缓冲液。最终分析浓度为5nM PIM2、4μM ATP、10μM BAD肽和2.5%DMSO。反应进行直到约50%的ATP被损耗,然后通过加入20μlKinaseGlo Plus(Promega Corporation)溶液终止反应。将终止的反应物温育10分钟,剩余的ATP在Victor2(Perkin Elmer)上通过荧光测定。通过Pim2ATP损耗实验对前述实施例化合物进行实验,发现其IC50值如下表所示。
Pim3 ATP损耗实验
采用萤火虫荧光素酶ATP检测试剂定量测定由激酶催化的磷酰基向肽底物转移所导致的ATP损耗,测定PIM3的活性。将待测化合物溶于100%DMSO,将其直接分布到白色384孔板上,每孔0.5μl。为了开始反应,向每个孔中加入10μl的10nM Pim3激酶和200μM BAD肽(RSRHSSYPAGT-OH)的分析缓冲液(50mM HEPES pH 7.5,5mM MgCl2,和1mM DTT,0.05%BSA)。15分钟后,加入10μl的80μM ATP的分析缓冲液。最终分析浓度为5nM PIM1、40μM ATP、100μM BAD肽和2.5%DMSO。反应进行直到约50%的ATP被损耗,然后通过加入20μlKinaseGlo Plus(Promega Corporation)溶液终止反应。将终止的反应物温育10分钟,剩余的ATP在Victor2(Perkin Elmer)上通过荧光测定。通过Pim3ATP损耗实验对前述实施例化合物进行实验,发现其IC50值如下表所示。
细胞增殖实验
将KMS11(人类骨髓瘤细胞系)在补充有10%FBS、丙酮酸钠和抗生素的IMDM中培养。在实验的当天,将细胞以每孔2000个细胞的密度涂布于96孔组织培养板中的相同介质中,使外侧孔空白。MM1.s(人类骨髓瘤细胞系)在补充有10%FBS、丙酮酸钠和抗生素的RPMI1640中培养。在实验的当天,将细胞以每孔5000个细胞的密度涂布于96孔组织培养板中的相同介质中,使外侧孔空白。
将在DMSO中提供的测试化合物以需要的终浓度的500倍在DMSO中稀释,然后以终浓度的2倍在培养介质中稀释。将相同体积的2×化合物加至96孔板的细胞中,于37℃培养3天。
将板于室温下平衡3天后,向培养孔中加入等体积的CellTiter-Glow试剂(Promega)。将板短暂震摇,采用光度计测定发光信号。计算在用DMSO单独处理的细胞中所观察到的信号与对照化合物处理的细胞中所观察到的信号的抑制百分比,用于测定测试化合物的EC50值(即,在细胞中获得最大效果的50%所需要的测试化合物的浓度),如下面的表6中所示。
本发明化合物的IC50和EC50活性
采用上面的所述的Pim1 ATP损耗实验(PIM-1)、Pim2 ATP损耗实验(PIM-2)和Pim3 ATP损耗实险(PIM-3)的方法,测定前面实施例化合物的IC50浓度,如下表中所示。
采用上面所述的细胞增殖实验的方法,在KMS11细胞中测定前面实施例化合物的EC50浓度,如下表中所示。
Claims (11)
1.式I化合物或者其立体异构体或药学上可接受的盐,
其中,
R1选自
X代表CH或N;
R2a选自氨基、甲基、CH2F、CF3、C2H5和H;
R2b选自H和甲基;
R3选自H、OH、OCH3、CH3、F和Cl;
R4a选自氨基、甲基、OH、OCH3、OC2H5、F、CF3、H和乙基;
R4b选自甲基、H和F;
R21代表H或F;
R22代表H、Cl或F;
R23代表F、OC2H5、OCH3、Cl、H、甲基、OH或OCH(CH3)2;且
R24代表H或OH。
2.式II化合物或者其立体异构体或药学上可接受的盐,
其中:
R1选自
其中:
R21是H或卤素;
R22是H或卤素;
R23选自H、Cl、F、-OC2H5、-OCH3和-OCH(CH3)2;且
R24是H或OH;
X代表CH或N;
R2a选自H、甲基、乙基、甲氧基、乙氧基、氟甲基、三氟甲基、氨基甲基、羟基甲基和苯甲酰基氧基;
R2b选自-H;
R3选自H、-OH、甲基、甲氧基、F和Cl;
R4a选自-OH、甲基、乙基、三氟甲基、甲氧基、乙氧基、氨基、F和Cl;且
R4b选自H、甲基和卤素。
3.权利要求2的化合物,其中R21和R22独立地选自H或F。
4.权利要求2的化合物,其中R2a选自H、甲基、乙基、甲氧基、乙氧基、氟甲基、三氟甲基、氨基甲基和羟基甲基。
5.权利要求2的化合物,其中R4b选自甲基和F。
6.权利要求1或权利要求2的化合物,其选自:
(S)-N-(4-(3-氨基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺,
N-(4-((3S,4S)-3-氨基-4-羟基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺,
N-(4-((3R,4R)-3-氨基-4-羟基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺,
N-(4-((3R,4R)-3-氨基-4-氟哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺,
N-(4-((3S,4S)-3-氨基-4-氟哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺,
N-(4-((3S,5R)-3-氨基-5-羟基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺,
N-(4-((3R,4S)-3-氨基-4-羟基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺,
(S)-N-(4-(3-氨基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)-1H-咪唑-4-甲酰胺,
N-(4-(3-氨基-4-甲氧基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺,
N-(4-((3S,5R)-3-氨基-5-甲氧基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺,
N-(4-((3S,5S)-3-氨基-5-羟基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺,
N-(4-((3S,5R)-3-氨基-5-氟哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺,
(S)-N-(4-(3-氨基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-环己基噻唑-4-甲酰胺,
N-(4-(3-氨基-5-甲基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺,
N-(4-(3-氨基-5-(三氟甲基)哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺,
N-(4-(3-氨基-5-(氟甲基)哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2,6-二氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺,
(S)-N-(4-(3-氨基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-苯基噻唑-4-甲酰胺,
(S)-N-(4-(3-氨基哌啶-1-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2-氟苯基)噻唑-4-甲酰胺,
或者其立体异构体或药学上可接受的盐。
7.有效量的权利要求1至权利要求6中任意一项的化合物在制备通过调节PIM激酶活性治疗疾患的药物中的用途。
8.组合物,其包含:治疗有效量的权利要求1至权利要求6中任意一项的化合物或者其立体异构体或药学上可接受的盐,以及药学上可接受的载体。
9.有效量的权利要求1至权利要求6中任意一项的化合物在制备用于抑制细胞中PIM激酶活性的药物中的用途。
10.包含药理学有效量的权利要求1至权利要求6中任意一项的化合物的组合物在制备用于抑制患者的PIM激酶活性的药物中的用途。
11.包含有效抑制患者的PIM激酶活性的量的权利要求1至权利要求6中任意一项的化合物的组合物在制备治疗患者的癌症的药物中的用途。
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ECSP10010447A (es) | 2010-10-30 |
EA201001412A1 (ru) | 2011-06-30 |
CN102015701A (zh) | 2011-04-13 |
TW200942536A (en) | 2009-10-16 |
EP2596790B1 (en) | 2015-12-09 |
EP2262802B1 (en) | 2013-10-23 |
EP2596790A1 (en) | 2013-05-29 |
UY31679A1 (es) | 2009-09-30 |
JP5412448B2 (ja) | 2014-02-12 |
CL2009000483A1 (es) | 2010-02-19 |
EP2262802A1 (en) | 2010-12-22 |
PE20091577A1 (es) | 2009-11-05 |
KR20100120709A (ko) | 2010-11-16 |
IL207865A0 (en) | 2010-12-30 |
AU2009221134A1 (en) | 2009-09-11 |
ZA201006128B (en) | 2011-10-26 |
AR070531A1 (es) | 2010-04-14 |
CA2717388A1 (en) | 2009-09-11 |
JP2011513363A (ja) | 2011-04-28 |
CO6290687A2 (es) | 2011-06-20 |
ES2562306T3 (es) | 2016-03-03 |
MA32135B1 (fr) | 2011-03-01 |
ES2443496T3 (es) | 2014-02-19 |
WO2009109576A1 (en) | 2009-09-11 |
MX2010009739A (es) | 2010-09-28 |
AU2009221134B2 (en) | 2012-02-23 |
CN104098559A (zh) | 2014-10-15 |
BRPI0909102A2 (pt) | 2019-01-15 |
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