CN101968545B - Radiation imaging system based on photoluminescence image board with radiation memory function - Google Patents
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- CN101968545B CN101968545B CN201010281936A CN201010281936A CN101968545B CN 101968545 B CN101968545 B CN 101968545B CN 201010281936 A CN201010281936 A CN 201010281936A CN 201010281936 A CN201010281936 A CN 201010281936A CN 101968545 B CN101968545 B CN 101968545B
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- 230000006386 memory function Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
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- 238000005424 photoluminescence Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of radiation measurement, and particularly relates to a radiation imaging system based on a photoluminescence image plate with a radiation memory function. An image plate made of photoluminescence materials with a radiation memory function is arranged between the pinhole collimator and the position sensitive light detection module; an excitation light source corresponding to the photoluminescence material is arranged at the rear end of the shading frame body; and a shutter is arranged at the rear end of the shading frame body. The radiation imaging system provided by the invention can measure the X-ray or gamma ray with extremely low intensity, and can be widely applied to the measurement of the radiation intensity and distribution in low-radiation places.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the radiometric technique field, be specifically related to a kind of radiation image-forming system based on photoluminescence image plate with radiation memory function.
Background technology
Nuclear Medicine Dept of hospital can be through analyzing the distributed image of radioactive nuclide in human organ, various organ diseases such as diagnosis patient cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, tumour.Be used for the radiant image measuring system of the radiographic source distribution measuring of X ray or gamma rays, be called gamma camera usually, at first grow up at the field of nuclear medicine.
There have been a lot of medical apparatus corporation, Ltds to develop the gamma camera system that is used for human body X ray or gamma rays distribution measuring so far.These gamma camera are mainly by collimating apparatus, the scintillation crystal plate, and the position sensitive light-detecting device is formed.
It is very big that the material of collimating apparatus is generally atomic number, to X ray or the extraordinary metal material of gamma rays blocking effect, and such as lead, tungsten etc.The collimating apparatus kind mainly contains parallel aperture collimator, pinhole collimator, diverging collimator, convergent type collimating apparatus; Be used to limit the direction and the scope of the incident ray that gets into the gamma camera visual field.
Ray is through arriving the scintillation crystal plate after the collimating apparatus.The material of scintillation crystal is mainly NaI (Tl) crystal, also can be CsI or BGO etc.Energy deposition takes place in ray in scintillation crystal, the energy of deposition discharges in the position of energy deposition with the mode of fluorescence again.
The position sensitive light-detecting device of scintillation crystal plate back can be measured position and intensity that fluorescence discharges, thereby reaches the purpose of imaging.The position sensitive light-detecting device can be single position sensitive photo-multiplier tube, perhaps the position sensitive photo-multiplier tube array.The entrance window of position sensitive photo-multiplier tube is pressed close to the scintillation crystal plate through photoconduction, reaches the measurement purpose.The position sensitive light-detecting device also can be charge-coupled device (CCD) or CMOS.
This that grows up at present type gamma camera system, the real time imagery that can be used for X-radiation field or gamma radiation field is measured.In the nuclear medicine application,, can utilize this type gamma camera system to obtain the static in vivo and dynamic continuous distributed image of nucleic easily because the radioactive level in the human body is higher usually.But the increased radioactivity that this type gamma camera system is used for the nuclear industry field is measured, and when measuring such as the radioactive contamination distributed image in certain place, then meets difficulty through regular meeting.Radiation level such as place to be measured or object is very low, when being lower than the minimum detection limit of existing this type gamma camera system, so, with the distributed image of measuring less than radioactive source.Under existing this type systematic,, do not have tangible effectiveness, because this can not improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of measurement through prolonging the method for Measuring Time yet.
Summary of the invention
(1) goal of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the problem that gamma camera system in the prior art can't survey faint radiation signal.
(2) technical scheme
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of radiation image-forming system based on photoluminescence image plate with radiation memory function; Comprise shading framework, pinhole collimator, position sensitive photodetection module, control and image processing module; Said pinhole collimator is positioned at the shading frame forward end; Position sensitive photodetection module places shading framework rear end and its photodetection face over against pinhole collimator; Control links to each other with position sensitive photodetection module with image processing module, and key is: between said pinhole collimator and position sensitive photodetection module, also be equipped with the image plate of being processed by the embedded photoluminescent material with radiation memory function; Be equipped with and the corresponding excitation source of said embedded photoluminescent material in the rear end of said shading framework; Be equipped with shutter in said shading framework rear end.
The pin hole place of said pinhole collimator also is equipped with anti-dazzling screen, and said anti-dazzling screen is processed by the material that is easy to transmitted X-rays and gamma rays.
Making the used embedded photoluminescent material with radiation memory function of image plate is Al2O3:C.
Said image plate scribbles the lucifuge material or is coated with one deck aluminium foil near a side of pinhole collimator.
Said image plate can move forward and backward along the radioactivity detection, identificationm, and computation central axis direction in the shading framework.
Said excitation source be round shape be evenly distributed on position sensitive photodetection module around.
Said position sensitive photodetection module comprises shading outer wall and the photodetector that is placed in one, and is equipped with the optical filter that can filter exciting light towards an end of image plate, and its end near control and image processing module is equipped with power interface and data-interface; Said photodetector is a position sensitive photo-multiplier tube.
Said position sensitive photodetection module comprises shading outer wall and the photodetector that is placed in one, and is equipped with the optical filter that can filter exciting light towards an end of image plate, and its end near control and image processing module is equipped with power interface and data-interface; Said photodetector is CCD or CMOS, and between said optical filter and CCD or CMOS, is equipped with conical fiber and becomes video beam.
Said position sensitive photodetection module comprises shading outer wall and the photodetector that is placed in one, and is equipped with the optical filter that can filter exciting light towards an end of image plate, and its end near control and image processing module is equipped with power interface and data-interface; Said photodetector is CCD or CMOS, and between said optical filter and CCD or CMOS, is equipped with imaging lens group, and the sensitive chip of said CCD or CMOS is positioned on the picture plane of imaging lens group.
(3) beneficial effect
Because the image plate that said embedded photoluminescent material with radiation memory function is made can be stored as the sedimentary energy of incident X-rays or gamma rays fluorescence centre and accumulate for a long time; In the process of this signal accumulation; Because position sensitive photodetection module is in closed condition; Can not increase the electronics noise; Be a process that can significantly improve signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), therefore radiation image-forming system provided by the present invention can be measured intensity extremely low X ray or gamma rays, can be widely used in the radiation intensity and the distribution measuring of low radiation place.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural drawing based on the radiation image-forming system of the photoluminescence image plate with radiation memory function;
Fig. 2 is first instantiation of position sensitive photo measure device among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is second instantiation of position sensitive photo measure device among Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the 3rd instantiation of position sensitive photo measure device among Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 carries out the internal system structural map of data when reading for position sensitive photo measure device;
Embodiment
Embodiment below in conjunction with concrete further specifies the present invention.
Embodiment one
The radiation image-forming system that present embodiment provides based on photoluminescence image plate with radiation memory function, as shown in Figure 1, comprise shading framework 5, pinhole collimator 1, position sensitive photodetection module 2, control and image processing module 9 etc.Said pinhole collimator 1 is positioned at shading framework 5 front ends; Position sensitive photodetection module 2 places shading framework 5 rear ends and its photodetection face over against pinhole collimator 1; Control links to each other with position sensitive photodetection module 2 with image processing module 9; Key is, between said pinhole collimator 1 and position sensitive photodetection module 2, also is equipped with the image plate of being made by the embedded photoluminescent material with radiation memory function 7; Be equipped with and the corresponding excitation source 3 of said embedded photoluminescent material in the rear end of said shading framework 5; Also be equipped with shutter 4 in said shading framework 5 rear ends.
The ray that measured X ray or gamma ray radiation source send through the pin hole of pinhole collimator 1, gets into measuring system.Said pinhole collimator 1 has the advantages that the visual field is big, imaging is little, pinhole collimator 1 adopt can radiation-screening the very big metal material of atomic number process, like lead, tungsten etc.The pin hole place of pinhole collimator 1 also is equipped with very thin anti-dazzling screen, and said anti-dazzling screen is by shading and be easy to transmitted X-rays and the material of gamma rays is processed, such as aluminium foil etc.
Carry out record from the X ray or the gamma rays of the pin hole incident of pinhole collimator 1 by image plate 7, image plate 7 is installed in the shading framework 5 by fixed mount 6.Said image plate 7 by can incident X-rays or gamma rays convert to fluorescence signal the photoluminescence with radiation memory function (Optical Stimulated Luminescence, OSL) material is processed, the above-mentioned material component is preferably Al
2O
3: C, perhaps also can select the embedded photoluminescent material with radiation memory function of other type.Above-mentioned embedded photoluminescent material with radiation memory function can convert the sedimentary energy of incident X-rays or gamma rays to fluorescence centre at the incidence point place and accumulate, and sedimentary energy is big more, and the fluorescence centre of generation is just many more.Under the very low occasion of radiation level, can increase the Measuring Time of this radiant image measuring system, make the abundant energy of deposition in the embedded photoluminescent material, store abundant fluorescence centre, after preparing, read with position sensitive photodetection module 2.
Side near pinhole collimator 1 on image plate 7 scribbles the lucifuge material or is coated with one deck aluminium foil.This is because the inner embedded photoluminescent material that uses of radiant image measuring system is responsive to visible light, and visible light radiation can cause the decay of the incident ray energy signal that embedded photoluminescent material records.And for position sensitive photodetection module at the back, the position sensitive photo-multiplier tube of use or charge-coupled image sensor also need lucifuge.
Excitation source 3 places the rear end of shading framework 5, be round shape be evenly distributed on position sensitive photodetection module 2 around.To making the Al that image plate 7 is adopted in the present embodiment
2O
3: C, adopting wavelength is that light emitting diode matrix about 500nm is as excitation source.After image plate 7 is by ionising radiation exposure certain hour, open this light emitting diode, the fluorescence centre of storing on the image plate 7 is excited, making image plate 7 produce wavelength is the fluorescence about 420nm, is read by position sensitive photodetection module 2.Through the intensity distributions of lumination of light emitting diode in the adjustment light emitting diode matrix, and conditioned reflex on every side, can guarantee to shine the only equally distributed of image plate 7 surfaces.
Said position sensitive photodetection module 2 comprises shading outer wall, power interface 15, data-interface 16 and photodetector; End towards image plate 7 is equipped with the optical filter 8 that can filter exciting light, and its end near control and image processing module 9 is equipped with power interface 15 and data-interface 16.The photodetector that is adopted in the present embodiment is a position sensitive photo-multiplier tube 14, and is as shown in Figure 2, when utilizing the de excitation fluorescence signal on the position sensitive photo-multiplier tube 14 measurement image plates 7, the image plate 7 exciting light optical filter 8 of trying one's best measured.The optical filter 8 that is used to filter exciting light is between image plate 7 and position sensitive photo-multiplier tube 14 and be close to the test surface of position sensitive photo-multiplier tube 14.To wavelength is excitation source 3 and the image plate 7 of fluorescent wavelength ranges about 420nm about 500nm; The optical filter 8 that is adopted in the present embodiment is that cutoff wavelength is the short wave pass filter of 440nm; The fluorescence that sends when only allowing the embedded photoluminescent material de excitation sees through, and the exciting light that excitation source 3 is sent can't the sensitive photomultiplier 14 in in-position.
Interface, power interface 15 and data-interface 16 places of position sensitive photodetection module 2 and shading framework 5 all carry out airtight shading treatment.The aluminium foil that covers on pinhole collimator 1, shading framework 5 and the image plate 7 is realized the lucifuge to whole measuring system together.
Control module is mainly used in the more inner mechanical mechanisms of radiant image measuring system, and the control of on-off circuit.Control module is responsible for the control to the switch of excitation source 3.Control module is also controlled embedded photoluminescent material image plate 7 along the axial displacement of radiant image measuring system, reaches the control survey visual field, and with image plate 7 try one's best the purpose of position sensitive photo measure device.Control module also need be controlled the light masking flap shutter 4 that is installed between image plate 7 and the exciting light optical filter 8; When position sensitive photo measure device does not carry out the reading measurement; Need all the time this light masking flap shutter 4 to be closed, to realize shading state to position sensitive photo measure device.Image processing module is used to analyze the data that obtain from position sensitive photodetection module 2, realizes the final imaging function to distribution of radiation.Image processing module will be united with control module usually and cooperated operation, to reach the optimal imaging effect.
When the radiant image that utilizes above-mentioned radiation image-forming system to carry out X ray or gamma radiation field is measured; Measure the size in the visual field at first as required; Adjust the distance of fixed mount 6 from pinhole collimator 1 through control module, excitation source 3 all is in closed condition with shutter 4.After the regular hour irradiation, image plate 7 has been stored the image information that radiation source intensity distributes through the sedimentary energy of X ray or gamma rays.Open lucifuge door 4 through control module then, and fixed mount 6 is moved right to pressing close to position sensitive photodetection module 2, as shown in Figure 5.Open excitation source 3 this moment, and the fluorescence centre of the storage fluorescence signal that penetrates that is stimulated is measured by position sensitive photodetection module 2 on the image plate 7, and the image processing module through the back, obtains the image of distribution of radiation.Radiant image is closed excitation source 3 and shutter 4 through control module after measuring and accomplishing.
Before measuring, need the remaining signal of first one-shot measurement be eliminated next time.Signal is eliminated the method also adopt photoexcitation, and the signal that is adopted is eliminated light source and also is this light emitting diode matrix, and different is, when this light emitting diode matrix during as excitation source, the quantity of unlatching is fewer, and the time of unlatching is also shorter; And when this light emitting diode matrix is eliminated light source as signal, then all open, and the opening time is longer, can carry out high strength to image plate and shine for a long time.
Radiant image is closed excitation source 3 through control module after measuring and accomplishing, and closes lucifuge door 4.Carry out next time if desired and measure, then open all light emitting diodes through control module, irradiates light electroluminescent material image plate is closed light source after 7 one long period, can measure afterwards next time.
Present embodiment provide the radiant image measuring system, can be according to the power of radiation field, regulate the time interval that single reads the distributed image signal of storing on the embedded photoluminescent material, thereby when guaranteeing image quality, realize continuous imaging measurement.
Embodiment two
The other technologies scheme is constant, is with the difference of embodiment one:
The photodetector that is adopted in the present embodiment is charge-coupled device (CCD) or CMOS 12, and between said optical filter 8 and CCD/CMOS 12, is equipped with conical fiber and becomes video beam 10, and is as shown in Figure 3.The fluorescence signal that image plate 7 is excited to send becomes video beam 10 to be coupled to the surperficial and measured of CCD/CMOS 12 through conical fiber, has kept positional information and strength information simultaneously.
Embodiment three
The other technologies scheme is constant, is with the difference of embodiment one:
The photodetector that is adopted in the present embodiment is charge-coupled device (CCD) or CMOS 12; Between said optical filter 8 and CCD/CMOS 12, be equipped with imaging lens group 13; The sensitive chip of said CCD/CMOS 12 is positioned on the picture plane of imaging lens group 13, and is as shown in Figure 4.The fluorescence signal that image plate 7 is excited to send is also measured through the surface that taper imaging lens group 13 is imaged onto CCD/CMOS 12, has kept positional information and strength information simultaneously.
Above content is to combine preferred embodiment to specify what the present invention did, can not assert that embodiment of the present invention only limits to these explanations.Under the present invention, the those of ordinary skill of technical field, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the present invention's design, can also make some simple deductions and conversion, all should be regarded as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. radiation image-forming system based on photoluminescence image plate with radiation memory function; Comprise shading framework (5), pinhole collimator (1), position sensitive photodetection module (2), control and image processing module (9); Said pinhole collimator (1) is positioned at shading framework (5) front end; Position sensitive photodetection module (2) places shading framework (5) rear end and its photodetection face over against pinhole collimator (1); Control links to each other with position sensitive photodetection module (2) with image processing module (9), it is characterized in that: between said pinhole collimator (1) and position sensitive photodetection module (2), also be equipped with the image plate of being processed by the embedded photoluminescent material with radiation memory function (7); Be equipped with and the corresponding excitation source of said embedded photoluminescent material (3) in the rear end of said shading framework (5), said excitation source (3) be round shape be evenly distributed on position sensitive photodetection module (2) around; Be equipped with shutter (4) in said shading framework (5) rear end; The pin hole place of said pinhole collimator (1) also is equipped with anti-dazzling screen, and said anti-dazzling screen is processed by the material that is easy to transmitted X-rays and gamma rays; Said image plate (7) scribbles the lucifuge material near a side of pinhole collimator (1).
2. radiation image-forming system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: making the used embedded photoluminescent material with radiation memory function of image plate (7) is Al
2O
3: C.
3. radiation image-forming system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said image plate (7) is coated with one deck aluminium foil near a side of pinhole collimator (1).
4. radiation image-forming system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said image plate (7) can move forward and backward along the radiation image-forming system central axis direction in shading framework (5).
5. according to the described radiation image-forming system of arbitrary claim in the claim 1～4; It is characterized in that: said position sensitive photodetection module (2) comprises shading outer wall and the photodetector that is placed in one; End towards image plate (7) is equipped with the optical filter (8) that can filter exciting light, and its end near control and image processing module (9) is equipped with power interface (15) and data-interface (16); Said photodetector is position sensitive photo-multiplier tube (14).
6. according to the described radiation image-forming system of arbitrary claim in the claim 1～4; It is characterized in that: said position sensitive photodetection module (2) comprises shading outer wall and the photodetector that is placed in one; End towards image plate (7) is equipped with the optical filter (8) that can filter exciting light, and its end near control and image processing module (9) is equipped with power interface (15) and data-interface (16); Said photodetector is CCD or CMOS (12), and between said optical filter (8) and CCD or CMOS (12), is equipped with conical fiber and becomes video beam (10).
7. according to the described radiation image-forming system of arbitrary claim in the claim 1～4; It is characterized in that: said position sensitive photodetection module (2) comprises shading outer wall and the photodetector that is placed in one; End towards image plate (7) is equipped with the optical filter (8) that can filter exciting light, and its end near control and image processing module (9) is equipped with power interface (15) and data-interface (16); Said photodetector is CCD or CMOS (12); And between said optical filter (8) and CCD or CMOS (12), be equipped with imaging lens group (13), the sensitive chip of said CCD or CMOS (12) is positioned on the picture plane of imaging lens group (13).
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| CN102353973B (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2012-12-12 | 山东新华医疗器械股份有限公司 | Blood irradiation dose measuring phantom |
| CN104035117B (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2017-09-12 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Method for estimating amount of radioactive waste on site |
| AU2015409097A1 (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2018-03-08 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Dark current correction in scintillator detectors for downhole nuclear applications |
| CN107315022A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-11-03 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of X-ray collimation location adjusting device and system |
| CN108519617B (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2019-10-22 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of flash radiomimesis and observation device |
| CN114488268A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-05-13 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Radiation type discrimination system and method |
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| CN201812042U (en) * | 2010-09-14 | 2011-04-27 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Radiation imaging system based on photoluminescence image plate with radiation memory function |
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| US4697075A (en) * | 1986-04-11 | 1987-09-29 | General Electric Company | X-ray imaging system calibration using projection means |
| US5144141A (en) * | 1991-08-19 | 1992-09-01 | General Electric Company | Photodetector scintillator radiation imager |
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