CN101966685B - Device and method for finishing and processing surface of viscoelastic and magnetic abrasive tool - Google Patents
Device and method for finishing and processing surface of viscoelastic and magnetic abrasive tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN101966685B CN101966685B CN201010534181A CN201010534181A CN101966685B CN 101966685 B CN101966685 B CN 101966685B CN 201010534181 A CN201010534181 A CN 201010534181A CN 201010534181 A CN201010534181 A CN 201010534181A CN 101966685 B CN101966685 B CN 101966685B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for finishing and processing the surface of a viscoelastic and magnetic abrasive tool. The abrasive tool for the processing device has viscoelasticity and is in a semisolid state; the flexibility and fluidity of the abrasive tool per se can adapt to various surfaces and reach any part of the surface of a workpiece; the abrasive tool for the processing device simultaneously has magnetism, generates an acting force on the surface of the workpiece under the action of a magnetic field and forms complex motion relative to the surface of the workpiece through the rotary motion and reciprocating linear motion of the magnetic field; and under the actions of force and relative motion, the viscoelastic and magnetic abrasive tool generates micro grinding, rolling and electrochemical corrosion on the surface of the workpiece, reduces the surface roughness, improves the physical and mechanical performance, improves the surface quality and realizes deburring and finishing and processing of a complex surface. The device and the method can effectively solve the finishing and processing problems of irregular holes, curved surfaces, surfaces of grooves and the like, and have the advantages of simple device, high utilization rate of the abrasive tool, low processing cost, good processing effect, high efficiency and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of grinding tool surface finishing processing unit (plant) and processing method thereof, specifically, is a kind of have viscoplasticity and magnetic, is used for the viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool surface finishing processing unit (plant) and the method thereof of compromise faces such as elongated orifices, narrow groove, blind hole, curved surface.
Background technology
An important development direction of Modern Manufacturing Technology is accurate and ultraprecise, fine and ultra tiny process technology; The surface finishing process technology is a very important part in accurate and the Ultraprecision Machining, also is the key subject of present primary study and solution.Compromise face polishings such as the elongated orifices that exists in the actual production, narrow groove, blind hole, a curved surface processing difficult problem; And the development of advanced composite material (ACM) is researched and developed practical surface finishing process technology and will more efficiently means be provided for the ultraprecise processing that solves composite, difficult-to-machine material, compromise face etc. all for the surface finishing process technology proposes new problem and challenge.
In recent years, propose the apparatus and method that some are used to solve the polishing processing of compromise face, mainly contained magnetic abrasive grain polishing processing, extrusion honing, the processing of liquid-magnetic abrasive tool polishing and ultrasonic wave polishing processing unit (plant) and method.Magnetic abrasive grain polishing crudy is good, but field generator for magnetic is complicated, and granular magnetic abrasive is difficult to concentrate on the area to be machined of complex surface, and utilization rate and recycling rate of waterused are lower, and the magnetic abrasive cost is high, greatly limits its commercial Application.Extrusion honing is to be delivered to constantly friction realization processing on the surface of the work through certain pressure, though used abrasive material is semi-solid, is prone to adapt to surface configuration; But equipment and clamp structure are complicated, and the abrasive material cost is high, and in dead angle, duct and blind hole passage; Fluid can not flow, and processing effect is poor.Liquid-magnetic abrasive tool polishing processing is to utilize magnetic field that liquid-magnetic abrasive tool is undergone phase transition to form certain function power, and realizes processing through relative motion, acquire a certain degree of difficulty for the processing of complex surface, and grinding tool poor stability, technology cost height.The Ultrasonic Machining that is used for polishing processing is by the liquid-solid two-phase fluid effect processing of the high-intensity oscillation of the direct exciting workpiece generation of ultrasonic amplitude transformer with the forced flow on the complex part surface; But, the comprehensive raising of surface quality had significant limitation because abrasive particle is to lean on striking work to remove burr.
Therefore, need a kind of polishing processing and the simple surface finishing technology of technology and device thereof that can solve complex surfaces such as curved surface, irregularly-shaped hole surface, flute surfaces badly.
Summary of the invention
Problem based on above-mentioned prior art existence; The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of surface finishing processing unit (plant) and method thereof of simple and practical, high-efficiency high-quality; Make full use of viscoplasticity, magnetic and the mobile characteristics of grinding tool, solve the polishing difficult problem of compromise faces such as elongated orifices, narrow groove, blind hole, curved surface.
For achieving the above object; The present invention proposes a kind of grinding tool surface finishing processing unit (plant) and method thereof, it is characterized in that this grinding tool is semi-solid, has certain viscoplasticity; Because self is flexible and mobile, can adapt to different workpiece surface and any part that arrives surface of the work; This viscoplasticity grinding tool has certain magnetic, and under the effect of magnetic field, viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool produces certain function power to surface of the work, and through rotatablely moving and linear reciprocating motion of magnetic field, viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool forms complicated motion with respect to surface of the work; Under the effect of power and relative motion, viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool produces the sliding micro-ablation of wiping and delineating, roll extrusion effect, electrochemical corrosion effect etc. to surface of the work, thereby realizes the polishing processing to workpiece.Especially the mobile characteristic of viscoplasticity grinding tool can arrive the optional position of surface of the work, has guaranteed the technical scheme of polishing processing effects such as complex surface such as curved surface, elongated orifices, blind hole, groove.
For achieving the above object; The present invention provides a kind of viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool surface finishing processing unit (plant), it is characterized in that this device comprises viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool, workpiece, big belt wheel, field generator for magnetic, transit joint, clamping device, slider-crank mechanism, motor, workbench, traversing carriage, motor, small pulley, positioning sleeve.Said magnetic field generating means by a pair of tile-like magnetic pole and the magnetic astatine composed of magnetic pole fixed to the magnetic astatine, the PM magnetic pole symmetric line into a 60 ° ~ 150 ° are arranged, the way radial magnetization, magnetizing near strong magnetic field near the surface processing; viscoelastic abrasive magnetic field generating device placed; the yoke and the large pulley is keyed, a large copper sleeves and a round through the pulley nut to achieve axially fixed, through the motor and the small pulley, thus boosting the large pulley and the permanent magnet pole yoke achieve rotational motion, in order to reduce wear and flexible movement, increasing copper sleeve; motor through the slider-crank mechanism driven mobile frame to achieve an axial magnetic pole reciprocating linear motion; through the table of the PM magnetic pole guide groove to ensure axial reciprocating linear motion of the workpiece is always parallel to the axis; sleeve by positioning and clamping the workpiece and the magnetic field generating device to achieve an accurate positional relationship between the devices; by transition joints adapt to different lengths of workpieces and workpiece ends help to improve the processing results.
Said viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool is semi-solid, has certain viscoplasticity and magnetic.
Workpiece to be processed passes field generator for magnetic and is fixed on the positioning sleeve.
Said viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool is positioned at interior.
Between the inner surface of said viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool permanent magnetism magnetic pole in workpiece outer surface and field generator for magnetic.
Described permanent magnetism magnetic pole material is a NdFeB material.
Said viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool has good flowability and adaptivity, can arrive any part of workpiece, comprises dead angle and/or seamed edge place.
The present invention is a kind of to be used for above-mentioned viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool surface finishing processing unit (plant) workpiece is carried out the polishing method for processing, it is characterized in that: the first step: through clamping device, workpiece is passed field generator for magnetic be fixed on the positioning sleeve; Second step: a certain amount of viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool is put between the inner surface of interior or outer workpiece and field generator for magnetic permanent magnetism magnetic pole; Under the effect in magnetic field; Viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool fully contacts with the surface to be machined of workpiece, and forms certain function power; The 3rd step: energized; Regulate electric machine frequency; Motor is realized rotatablely moving of permanent magnetism magnetic pole through the band transmission; Motor is realized the axial linear reciprocating motion of permanent magnetism magnetic pole through slider-crank mechanism, thereby makes the relative motion that forms complicacy between viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool and the surface to be machined, under the effect of power and relative motion, realizes polishing processing and deburring to various surfaces.The 4th step: the workpiece tune is installed, repeat the integral body processing of the 3rd step completion workpiece.
Said viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool is semi-solid, has good flowability and adaptivity, can arrive any part of workpiece, comprises dead angle and/or seamed edge place.
The advantage of a kind of novel grinding tool surface finishing processing unit (plant) of the present invention and method thereof is: novel grinding tool is semi-solid; Has viscoplasticity and magnetic; Ability self adaptation surface of the work shape under the permanent magnetic field effect; Because self flowability, can arrive any parts such as dead angle, seamed edge of surface of the work, increased the ability that abrasive material and surface of the work fully contact; Help realizing deburring and polishing processing, solved the polishing processing difficult problem of irregularly-shaped hole, curved surface, flute surfaces etc. various surfaces.In addition, the processing unit (plant) that the present invention proposes is simple in structure, abrasive material is difficult for dispersing, and the utilization rate of grinding tool and recycling rate of waterused are high, and processing cost is low, processing effect good, and working (machining) efficiency is high, and burr is removed in the 15min, and inner bore surface roughness Ra value can reduce about 3 grades.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect embody a concentrated reflection of following five aspects:
1, can be used for the bore area and the irregularly-shaped hole Surface Machining of non-magnet material, processing effect is good, and working (machining) efficiency is high.
2, processing unit (plant) and features simple and practical process, cost is low, is convenient to operation and popularization.
3, any part of surface to be machined be can flow to,, deburring and seamed edge rounding realized like dead angle, seamed edge.
4, can effectively improve the physical and mechanical property of surface to be machined.
5, can be used for the outer surface processing of permeability magnetic material and non-magnet material, because the character of grinding tool itself, when the processed complex curved surface, adaptability is strong, processing effect good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool polishing processing unit (plant) structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a field generator for magnetic sketch map of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a field generator for magnetic structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the photo before the straight hole part viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool polishing processing of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the photo after the straight hole part viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool polishing processing of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the photo before the groove part viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool polishing processing of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the photo after the groove part viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool polishing processing of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the photo before the blind hole part viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool polishing processing of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the photo after the blind hole part viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool polishing processing of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1, viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool; 2, workpiece; 3, big belt wheel; 4, field generator for magnetic; 5, transit joint; 6, clamping device; 7, slider-crank mechanism; 8, motor; 9, workbench; 10, traversing carriage; 11, motor; 12, small pulley; 13, positioning sleeve; 14, yoke; 15, permanent magnetism magnetic pole; 16, round nut; 17, key; 18, copper sheathing.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing further explain.
A kind of grinding tool surface finishing processing unit (plant) comprises viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool 1, workpiece 2, big belt wheel 3, field generator for magnetic 4, transit joint 5, clamping device 6, slider-crank mechanism 7, motor 8, workbench 9, traversing carriage 10, motor 11, small pulley 12, positioning sleeve 13; Wherein:
Said viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool 1 is inserted in the field generator for magnetic 4; Field generator for magnetic 4 is made up of with yoke 14 a pair of tile permanent magnetism magnetic pole 15; Permanent magnetism magnetic pole 15 is fixed on the yoke 14; The symmetrical center line of permanent magnetism magnetic pole 15 becomes 60 °～150 ° settings, adopts the mode of radial magnetizing, and the back of magnetizing is stronger near near the magnetic field the finished surface; Yoke 14 is connected through key 17 with big belt wheel 3; Big belt wheel 3 is realized axial restraint through copper sheathing 18 and round nut 16, through motor 11 and small pulley 12, realizes rotatablely moving of permanent magnetism magnetic pole 15 thereby drive big belt wheel 3 with yoke 14; In order to reduce wear and to move flexibly, increase copper sheathing 18; Motor 8 drives the axial linear reciprocating motion that traversing carriage 10 is realized permanent magnetism magnetic pole 15 through slider-crank mechanism 7; The axial linear reciprocating motion that guarantees permanent magnetism magnetic pole 15 through the gathering sill on the workbench 10 remains parallel with the axis of workpiece 2; Realize between workpiece 2 and the field generator for magnetic 4 that through positioning sleeve 13 and clamping device 6 position concerns accurately; Adapt to the processing of different length workpiece through transit joint 5, and help to improve the processing effect of workpiece end.
The step of processing work is following:
I, select field generator for magnetic 4 for use
Test used permanent magnetism magnetic pole 15 and be made by the N35 Nd-Fe-Bo permanent magnet material, permanent magnetism magnetic pole 15 shapes are tile, and symmetrical center line is 60 °～150 ° settings, adopt the radial magnetizing mode, and magnetic field intensity is at 1000kA/m～1500kA/m; Yoke 14 is selected soft magnetic materials for use;
II, in advance viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool 1 is packed between the inner surface of permanent magnetism magnetic pole 15 in interior or workpiece 2 outsides and the field generator for magnetic 4; The internal diameter of adjustment positioning sleeve 13; Workpiece is placed realize in the positioning sleeve 13 clamping the relative position between adjustment permanent magnetism magnetic pole 15 and the workpiece 2 through clamping device 6 in the location; Make the permanent magnetism magnetic pole 15 and the gap of workpiece 2 remain on 1mm～3mm, and the centre of gyration overlap with the geometric center of workpiece 2;
III, regulate electric machine frequency, the rotating speed of permanent magnetism magnetic pole 15 be controlled at 300r/min～600r/min through the mode of frequency conversion, again with the linear reciprocating motion speed controlling of permanent magnetism magnetic pole 15 at 5mm/s～30mm/s;
Behind IV, the processing 5min～20min, workpiece 2 tunes are installed, realize the integral body processing of workpiece, further improve processing effect simultaneously by above-mentioned steps.
Small and Deep Hole Machining, machined parameters is as described in Table 1:
Table 1 Small and Deep Hole Machining parameter
| Numerical value | 412 | 10 | 240 | 20 | YL12 | 32 | 400 | 5 |
Implementation result:
Accompanying drawing 4 can be found out workpiece 2 rough inner surface for the preceding photo of processing, and is intensely dark; Accompanying drawing 5 is the photo after processing, and can find out processing back workpiece 2 surperficial whole smooth lights, and mirror effect is arranged, and burr is removed, and processing effect is obvious.Through test, workpiece surface roughness Ra value drops to 0.25 μ m by 2.39 μ m, reduces about 3 grades.
Groove part processing, machined parameters is as shown in table 2:
Table 2 groove part machined parameters
Implementation result:
Accompanying drawing 6 is the preceding photo of processing, and groove side surface and bottom surface tool marks are obvious before the processing, and rough surface is the anisotropic shape, and groove two ends burr is apparent in view, and the sensation of cutting hand is arranged; Accompanying drawing 7 is processing back photo, and the surface quality of processing back groove side surface and bottom surface is improved greatly, surperficial whole smooth light, and the burr of groove both sides is removed obviously, the seamed edge rounding, the surface is isotropism trend.
The blind hole part processing, machined parameters is as shown in table 3:
Table 3 blind hole part processing parameter
Implementation result:
Accompanying drawing 8 is the preceding photo of processing, and blind hole bottom surface tool marks are obvious before the processing, and rough surface is the anisotropic shape, and there are tangible burr in blind hole bottom surface and corner; Accompanying drawing 9 is processing back photo, and the surperficial whole smooth light in processing back has mirror effect, and blind hole bottom surface and corner's burr are removed, and feel is soft and smooth.
Claims (6)
1. viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool surface finishing processing unit (plant); It contains viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool, workpiece, belt wheel, field generator for magnetic, clamping device, slider-crank mechanism, motor, workbench, traversing carriage, positioning sleeve and transit joint; It is characterized in that field generator for magnetic (4) is to be made up of a pair of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic magnetic pole (15) and corresponding yoke (14); Permanent magnetism magnetic pole (15) is the N35 Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic; Shape is tile, adopts the radial magnetizing mode, and magnetic field intensity is at 1000kA/m～1500kA/m; Permanent magnetism magnetic pole (15) is fixed in the yoke (14), and the symmetrical center line of permanent magnetism magnetic pole (15) becomes 60 °～150 ° settings, and viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool (1) is inserted in the field generator for magnetic (4); Yoke (14) is connected through key (17) with big belt wheel (3); Big belt wheel (3) is through copper sheathing (18) and round nut (16) axial restraint; Drive rotatablely moving of big belt wheel (3) and yoke (14) realization permanent magnetism magnetic pole (15) by second motor (11) and small pulley (12), rotating speed is 300r/min～600r/min; First motor (8) connects the axially back and forth straight line parallel motion that traversing carriage (10) is realized permanent magnetism magnetic pole (15) by slider-crank mechanism (7), and reciprocating motion speed is 5mm/s～30mm/s; Workpiece (2) passes field generator for magnetic (4) and realizes the position relation between workpiece (2) and field generator for magnetic (4) by positioning sleeve (13) and clamping device (6); Connect the fixedly workpiece of different length (2) through transit joint (5).
2. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool (1) is positioned at workpiece (2), perhaps is positioned between workpiece (2) and the permanent magnetism magnetic pole (15), perhaps is positioned at simultaneously between workpiece (2) and workpiece (2) and the permanent magnetism magnetic pole (15).
3. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool (1) is semi-solid, has viscoplasticity, magnetic and flowability.
4. device as claimed in claim 1, its permanent magnetism magnetic pole (15) is 1mm～3mm with the gap of workpiece (2).
5. device as claimed in claim 1, its permanent magnetism magnetic pole (15) overlaps with the geometric center of workpiece (2) with the centre of gyration of workpiece (2).
6. processing method of using the described viscoplasticity magnetic of claim 1 grinding tool surface finishing processing unit (plant), this method comprises the steps:
(1) a pair of permanent magnetism magnetic pole (15) is fixed in the yoke (14); Permanent magnetism magnetic pole (15) is the N35 Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic, and shape is tile, adopts the radial magnetizing mode; Magnetic field intensity is at 1000kA/m～1500kA/m, and the symmetrical center line of permanent magnetism magnetic pole (15) becomes 60 °～150 ° settings;
(2), workpiece (2) is passed field generator for magnetic (4) be fixed in the positioning sleeve (13) by clamping device (6);
(3) viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool (1) is positioned in the workpiece (2); Perhaps be positioned between workpiece (2) and the permanent magnetism magnetic pole (15); Perhaps be positioned in the workpiece (2) simultaneously and workpiece (2) and permanent magnetism magnetic pole (15) between; Under the effect of magnetic field, viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool (1) contacts with workpiece (2) surface to be machined and forms active force;
(4) energized is regulated second motor (11) frequency, and second motor (11) is realized rotatablely moving of permanent magnetism magnetic pole (15) through the band transmission, and rotating speed is 300r/min～600r/min; First motor (8) is through the axial linear reciprocating motion of slider-crank mechanism (7) realization permanent magnetism magnetic pole (15), and reciprocating motion speed is 5mm/s～30mm/s; Thereby make to form relative motion between viscoplasticity magnetic grinding tool (1) and the surface to be machined, under the effect of power and relative motion, realize polishing processing the surface;
(5) workpiece (2) tune is installed, repeat the integral body processing of the 3rd step completion workpiece (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201010534181A CN101966685B (en) | 2010-11-04 | 2010-11-04 | Device and method for finishing and processing surface of viscoelastic and magnetic abrasive tool |
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| CN201010534181A CN101966685B (en) | 2010-11-04 | 2010-11-04 | Device and method for finishing and processing surface of viscoelastic and magnetic abrasive tool |
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| CN101966685A CN101966685A (en) | 2011-02-09 |
| CN101966685B true CN101966685B (en) | 2012-10-03 |
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| CN201010534181A Expired - Fee Related CN101966685B (en) | 2010-11-04 | 2010-11-04 | Device and method for finishing and processing surface of viscoelastic and magnetic abrasive tool |
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| CN110587503A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-20 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | Bonded free dual phase abrasive grain tool and method of making same |
| CN112692716B (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2022-10-28 | 山东理工大学 | Inner surface magnetic field auxiliary finishing device and method based on controllable magnetic field |
| CN114473752B (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-12-16 | 安徽晶鸿电子科技有限公司 | Rotary type has grinding device for magnetic ring production of cooling effect |
| CN115106858B (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2023-11-24 | 赣州天文磁业有限公司 | Neodymium iron boron magnetism iron magnet grinding device |
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| JP3486221B2 (en) * | 1994-02-17 | 2004-01-13 | 共栄電工株式会社 | Surface treatment device by magnetic force |
| JP2007268689A (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-18 | Utsunomiya Univ | Magnetic abrasive finishing device, method therefor, and machining tool used therefor |
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| CN1100680A (en) * | 1993-09-21 | 1995-03-29 | 中国航天工业总公司第十一研究所(京) | Method for polishing inner wall of small aperture pipe |
| US6688949B2 (en) * | 2000-12-26 | 2004-02-10 | Kyoei Denko Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for surface treatment of inner surface of member |
| CN201249371Y (en) * | 2008-05-30 | 2009-06-03 | 杨光笋 | Grinding head for a numerical control internal grinding machine tool |
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